Harmonised Landslide Susceptibility Mapping for Europe
JRC-CEE Ispra (Italy)
26-27 May 2010
A new landslide inventory database in Granada (South Spain)
J.ChacónDept. Civil EngineeringUniversity of Granada
Spain
MAP Tier 1 (1:1,000,000)
Tier 2 (1:200,000)
Tier 3a (1:25,000)
Tier 3b (1:10,000)
Methodology for susceptibility
Heuristics, weighted factors
Probabilistic, quantitative bivariate o multivariate
Probabilistic,
quantitative multivariat.
Deterministic, physical
models
Scale Inventory 1:200,000 1:50,000 1:10,000 1:10,000-
1:2000
Inventory geometry Points Polygon
s Points Polygons Polygons Polygons
Landslide size 1 – 5 Ha > 5 Ha 500–2500m2
> 2500 m2 > 100 m2 any
Information on the inventory Paragraph 2 Paragraph3 Full database information
Examples in South Spain: Granada Province Landslide Guadalfeo River Villanueva de Susceptibility Map Valley (Granada) San José (Sevilla)Chacón et al. (2007) Jiménez (2010)
Fernández (2003) El Hamdouny et al.(2005)
Table 1: Summary of proposed Tier‐level maps. Tier 3 has been further divided into two possible sublevels, 3a and 3b.Recommendations on a common approach for mapping areas at risk of landslides in Europe – Hervás, J. (Coord) et al. (2007) draft
Tiers-2
Fernández del Castillo, 2005Landslide inventory, Low Guadalfeo River Valley
RockfallSlidesEarth flowDebris flow
Tier-3a
Landslide databaseGuadalfeo river Valley (Granada,South Spain)
Tier-3a J.Jiménez, 2007
Tier-3a
J. Jiménez‐PerálvarezPhD Thesis
Detailed view of Landsliderupture & deposit inventory
J. Jiménez‐PerálvarezPhD Thesis
LandslideDatabase
Betic Cordillera
Attributes
J.ChacónC.IrigarayT.FernándezR.El Hamdouni
J.JiménezP.Fernández
Landslide inventory – Attributes Betic Cordillera
Landslide inventory – Attributes Betic Cordillera
Age scale: Contemporary (Present-1900); Historical (1899 to 0); Pre- Historical (0 a 5000 a.Ch.) e Hiper historical ( >5000 a.Ch.)
DurationScale
Diachrony
(years)
Equivalences Examples y references
I 0 –10-7
0 - 3,15 s Rock and soil block fall
II 10-7 –10-6
3,15 s–3,15 m
Rock slide in Frank (Alberta, Canadá, 1903; Benko and Stead, 1998)
III 10-6 –10-4
3,15 –52,6 m Avalanche in Huascarán (Perú, 1970; Carey, 2005)
IV 10-4 –10-2
52,6m –3,65d Earth flow in Monachil valley (Granada, 1924; Navarro Neumann, 1924).
V 10-2 –10-1
3,65 - 36,5 d Earth flow in Olivares (Moclín, Granada, 1986; Chacón y López, 1988).
VI 10-1 –100
36,5 d – 1 y Earth flow in Nara (Japón; Fujisawa et al., 2005)
VII 100 – 101 1 – 10 y Rock slide in Torvizcón (Granada, 1996)
VIII 101 – 102 10 – 100 y Rock slide in Almegíjar (Granada, 1996)
IX 102 – 103 100 –1000 y La Grieta of Benamejí, Córdoba 1730-2001; Ferrer et al., 2000)
X 103 –2x103
1000 – 2000 y
Slide-Earth flow in Slumgullion (Colorado, USA; Coe et al., 2003)
XI 2 x103-5x103
2000 – 5000 y
Slide-Earth flow in Man Tor (Derbyshire, UK; Arkwrigth et al., 2003)
XII > 5 x103
> 5.000 y Rincon Mountain Landslide (La Conchita, California, USA; Gurrola et al, 2009)
Table 2. Landslide age and duration scales, with some examples and references, (modified from Chacón, 2008).
Tier-3a
J. Jiménez‐PerálvarezPhD Thesis
Tier-3a
J. Jiménez‐PerálvarezPhD Thesis
10 y 11 de octubre de 2007Madrid
MODELOS PARA EL ANÁLISIS DE LA SUSCEPTIBILIDAD A LOS MOVIMIENTOS DE LADERA CON ArcGISJ. Jiménez(*), C. Irigaray, R. El Hamdouni, P. Fernández and J. Chacón. (*) [email protected] de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Granada
Grupo de Investigaciones Medioambientales: Riesgos geológicos e Ingeniería del Terreno RNM-121
Susceptibility obtained by a bivariant matrix method (Irigaray et al., 2006)
10 y 11 de octubre de 2007Madrid
MODELOS PARA EL ANÁLISIS DE LA SUSCEPTIBILIDAD A LOS MOVIMIENTOS DE LADERA CON ArcGISJ. Jiménez(*), C. Irigaray, R. El Hamdouni, P. Fernández and J. Chacón. (*) [email protected] de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Granada
Grupo de Investigaciones Medioambientales: Riesgos geológicos e Ingeniería del Terreno RNM-121
METHODOLOGYLANDSLIDE INVENTORY
DETERMINANT FACTORS
CROSSED CORRELATIONS
Validation
Landslide susceptibility map
Independent inventory
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Very Low Low Moderate High Very High
SUSCEPTIBILITY CLASS
DEG
REE
OF
FIT
(%
Grado de ajuste
Tier-2
Susceptibility Maps Guadalfeo River Valley (South Spain) 1: 20.000
Rockfalls Debris & Earth flows
J.Jiménez, 2006
Very lowLowModerateHighVery High
Very lowLowModerateHighVery High
Tier -3a
J.Jiménez, 2006
Very lowLowModerateHighVery High
Very lowLowModerateHighVery High
Susceptibility Maps Guadalfeo River Valley (South Spain) 1: 20.000
Slides (trans>rot) Complex landslides
Tier-3a
Integrated Landslide susceptibility mapof the Guadalfeo River Valley
(all ruptures) 1:20.000
Very lowLowModerateHighVery High
J.Jiménez, 2006Tier-3a
Elements of the territory
Water distribution systemElectric energy networkDams and reservoirUrban settlement and buildingRoadRural wayLimit of basin
Land use
UrbanIntensive farmingAlmond & olive treesUncultivated
Preliminary qualitative specifics risk mapsconsidering shallow landslides triggered by rainfall have been obtained
From the mentioned Map of Exposed Zones to shallow landslides (Qualitative Hazard) addingElements of the territory classified in three levels of vulnerability we obtain Middle scale
Specific risk Maps for these sort of landslides
Qualitative Specific Risk for rainfall triggered landslides in the Guadalfeo riverJ. Jiménez (2006): preliminary tool to priorize further large scale detailed maps
Landslide susceptibility in urban areas of the Granada province (Chacón et al., 2006)
10 90
8020
30 70
6040
50 50
4060
70 30
2080
90 10
908070605040302010
LOW
HIGHMODERATE
< 5000
5000-10000
10000-20000
20000-60000
> 60000
Granada province
Figure 3. Extension of landslide susceptibility classes in the 168 urban areas. Legend shows the number of inhabitants (Granada capital: 238,292 inhab.)
Qualitative classes of Destructive Potential ofdifferent types of landslides (DPL)
depending of size and the expected dynamic behavior in the Granada province (Spain)
m3 SIZE Shallow very Earth & Mud Debris flow Rock fall Slide slow slope mov. flow
1 LOW MODERATE MODERATE MODERATE SMALL VERY LOW 50 HIGH HIGH MIDDLE MODERATE HIGH HIGH 500 LARGE HIGH 5000 LOW VERY HIGH VERY LARGE VERY HIGH 50000 VERY HIGH EXT. LARGE MODERATE HIGH
Landslide hazard and riskPreliminary qualitativehazard assessmentin urban areas of
Granada Province( Spain)Chacón et al. 2006
Landslide hazard and risk
Because of the lack of data about vulnerability of the element at risk, which at the scale 1:200,000 was simplified andconsidered uniform in every urban area.
DPL SUSCEPTIBILITY LOW MODERATE HIGH Very low LOW MODERATE Low MODERATE Moderate HIGH High HIGH Very high VERY HIGH
Qualitative Landslide hazard classes by combination of landslide susceptibility and DPL
Preliminary qualitativehazard assessmentin urban areas of
Granada Province( Spain)Chacón et al, 2006
SUSCEPTIBILITY (%)
LOCALITY (population) Low Moderate High
ALBOLOTE (14.862) 95.8 4.2 0.0
ALMUÑECAR (23.073) 27.5 63.1 9.5
ARMILLA (16.938) 100.0 0.0 0.0
ATARFE (12.355) 99.0 1.0 0.0
BAZA (21.600) 82.8 1.8 15.4
GABIA GRANDE (10.400) 89.5 6.3 4.2
GRANADA (238.292) 89.8 9.1 1.1
GUADIX (20.035) 97.0 3.0 0.0
HUETOR-VEGA (10.362) 91.3 8.7 0.0
ILLORA (10.072) 72.2 15.8 12.0
LOJA (20.707) 70.0 26.6 3.5
MARACENA (17.232) 99.8 0.2 0.0
MOTRIL (55.078) 90.1 9.9 0.0
OGIJARES (11.324) 95.0 5.0 0.0
PINOS-PUENTE (13.303) 92.1 7.7 0.1
SALOBREÑA (11.420) 49.5 49.4 1.1
SANTA FE (13.803) 100.0 0.0 0.0
ZUBIA (LA) (15.312) 66.7 33.2 0.1
Table 8. Distribution of the percentage of the land surface in each susceptibility class in urban areas with more than 10.000 inhabitants in the Granada province. (Census of 2004).
IAEG2006 Paper nº 414
Landslide hazard and risk
Figure 4. Landslide susceptibility maps in the village of Benalúa de las Villas (Granada)
Chacón et al., 2006
Mapa de susceptibilidad de Villanueva de San Juan (Sevilla) El Hamdouni, Irigaray y Chacón (2005)
FS<0.91,2-1>1,2
Safety factor based on geotechnicaldata and a model of planar slide oninfinite slope with drainage parallelto slope.
Tiers-3b
28/120
Preliminary Rock-Slope-Susceptibility AssessmentUsing GIS and the SMR ClassificationC. IRIGARAY, T. FERNÁNDEZ and J. CHACÓN (2003)
Rainfalls 2009-2010: the highest rate in the historical record
-Preliminar assessment of losses by the administration inAndalucía: > 3.000.000.000 € in damges to road, and small towns:
-flood in urban areas (frequently illegally settled in the last 70 years)
- landslides: mostly earth, debris or mud flows, some falls and slides
Despite a number of Spanish national and regional regulations landslidepreventive maps still are not used in land-use planning
We are now starting a new landslide inventory of the recentLandsliding areas of Granada and Jaén provinces in South
Spain
It will be made using a cover of LiDAR in 550 km2 of theselected most affected areas which is being finished just now
This inventory will be used for the assessment of validation ofpreviously available maps.
The provincial administrations of Granada and Jaén are now interested in the development of Tiers-3a/b mapping at
urban scale (1:2.000 to 1:10.000) for landslideshazard and risk prevention
New developments:
Hazard assessment: temporal data and movement measuring:
DiNSAR, Laser Scanner, Historicalaerial photog. and use of LiDar
Authomatic modelling of rock massifand discontinuities to assess
geomechanical classification andinstability types.
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