JOINTS(aka…
articulations)
HUMAN ANATOMY
LATIN TERMS that you will find very helpful in
remembering JOINTS!• Arthros = joint• Syn = together• Amphi = both
sides• Dia = through
• Sub = below• Dis = not• Planta = sole• In = into
• Use pg. 268 in your book to identify the various types of joints & examples per the human body!
“Synarthrosis”
“Amphiarthrosis”
“Diarthrosis” (synovial joints)
e. Ellipsoid/Condyloid: wrist
f. Gliding: metatarsals & phalanges
o TENDONS: cartilage that connect skeletal muscle to boneo Pass across or around joint o Can limit range of motiono Provide support
• Dislocation (luxation)– Articulating bones are
forced out of position by extreme stress
– Can cause damage to cartilage, ligaments or distort the joint cavity
• Subluxation– Partial dislocation– Less severe– “double-jointed” persons
more likely to suffer subluxation
• Gliding: 2 surfaces slide past each other
• Circumduction: circular movement of a body part; a combination of flexion, extension, adduction, & abduction
• Rotation: motion that occurs when a part turns on its axis
Pg. 263-267
• Flexion/extension/ hyperextension– Flexion: bending
movement that decreases the angle between 2 parts
– Extension: straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
– Hyperextension: movement beyond the normal position
Pg. 263-267
• Supination/pronation– Supination: rotation of forearm so that the
palm faces anteriorly (up)
– Pronation: rotation of forearm that moves the palm from an anterior-facing position to a posterior-facing position (down)
• Opposition: motion involving a grasping of the thumb & fingers
Pg. 263-267
Pg. 263-267
• Inversion/eversion– Inversion: movement of
sole of foot towards median plane
– Eversion: movement of sole of foot away from median plane
• Retraction/protraction– Retraction: posterior
movement of arms at the shoulders
– Protraction: anterior movement of arms at the shoulders
Pg. 263-267
• Depression/elevation– Depression: movement
in an inferior direction
– Elevation: movement in a superior direction
• Dorsiflexion/plantar flexion– Dorsiflexion: extension
of entire foot superiorly
– Plantar flexion: flexion of entire foot inferiorly
• Lateral flexion: flexion from side to side
Pg. 263-267
• Abduction/adduction– Abduction: motion that pulls a structure or part away from the
midline of the body
– Adduction: motion that pulls a structure or part towards the midline of the body
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