Internet das Coisas ou Internet dos Sistemas Embarcados?
Cezar TaurionChief Evangelist
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Billions of devices, sensors, and chips that are able to communicate via the Internet makes up “The Internet of Things”
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“The Internet of Things refers to uniquely identifiable objects (things) and their virtual representations in an Internet-like structure.” – Wikipedia
“The Internet of Things is the network of physical objects that contain embedded technology to communicate and sense or interact with their internal states or the external environment.” – Gartner
“Internet-of-Things (IoT) provides the foundational infrastructure for a smarter planet, and offers significant growth opportunities in IT, infrastructures and services” – IBM
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The Internet of Things
� A central nervous system
of smart devices
� Decentralized
intelligence and
control
� A huge distributed store
of rapidly changing data
� Human and environment
interactions driving webs of
machine to machine (M2M)
communications
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Every natural system and man-made system is becoming instrumented, interconnected and intelligent.
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Products Are Getting Smarter Every Time We LookSometimes in Ways We Can’t Even See
Smarter electronic
devices
Smarter health care
Smarter automobiles
Smarter energy
Smarter defense systems
Smarter hybrid
technologies
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Our world is filling with devices
15,000,000,000,000 Internet connected devices15,000,000,000,000 15,000,000,000,000 Internet connected devicesInternet connected devices
1,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 Transistors1,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 1,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 TransistorsTransistors
7,300,000,000 People7,300,000,000 7,300,000,000 PeoplePeople
2015 estimates2015 estimates2015 estimates
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Moore’s Law
� Since the invention of the integrated circuit in 1958, the number of transistors that can be placed inexpensively on an integrated circuit has increased exponentially, doubling approximately every two years.
– Wikipedia
� “The complexity for minimum component costs has increased at a rate of roughly a
factor of two per year”
– Cramming more components onto integrated circuits. Gordon E Moore. Electronics, Volume 38, Number 8, April 19, 1965
� “… doubling every two years rather than every year.”
– Progress in Digital Integrated Electronics, G.E.Moore, IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, 1975
� “The current prediction is that this is not going to stop soon either.”
– Lithography and the Future of Moore’s Law, Gordon E. Moore, Proc SPIE Vol 2437, May 1995
Page from Gordon Moore’s notebook
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Metcalfe’s Law
� The value of a telecommunications
network is proportional to the
square of the number of
connected users of the system (n2)
The Ethernet, Bob Metcalfe, 1977
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As coisas acontecem muito rapido no mundo cada vez mais hiperconectado
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More People Have Mobile Phones Than Electricity Or
Drinking Water
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Mobile Phones Equal World Population
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… and this isn’t just about connecting people
� We are building systems of systems
Latest generation car:
�100 electronic controllers
�10 million lines of code
�Its own IP address
�Developed in 29 months (usually
a 60-120 month process)
General Motors - 2011 Chevy Volt
http://ibm.co/btsi5C
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WiFi Zone
Cellular
(WAN)
Vehicle-to-
VehicleVehicle to Roadside
Tolling
Satellite
Vehicle and
Road Data
The Connected Vehicle – ‘A System of systems’
DCAN
Ethernet
Most
Bytefligh
FlexRay
ICOM CAN
ECU 1 ECU n
GPSNETWORK
GSM
GPRSPLMN
IP
NETWORK
PARTNER SYSTEMS• Police/Emergency
• Weather
• Traffic
• Concierge
• Vehicle registration
• Bank
• Helpdesk
• Government
• Utilities
• Insurance
(pay as you go)
Vehicle
Control
Unit
Dealer
ANALYTICS SYSTEMS• Vehicle Condition Monitoring
• Prognostics
• Advanced Diagnostics
• SW fault analytics
• Vehicle Repair
EV/Hybrid
Charging
BUSINESS SYSTEMS• Customer Support• Service Data
• Warranty Data
PDA
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… and this isn’t just about instrumentation
� Most of today’s edge connectivity follows a similar pattern
– Devices collect data for central processing
– Decisions are made centrally and pushed out to devices
� What if we start adding intelligence throughout the network?
Devices
Collectors
Gateways
Central control systems
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Our world is becoming
INSTRUMENTEDOur world is becoming
INTERCONNECTEDVirtually all things, processes and waysof working are becoming
INTELLIGENT
An opportunity to think and act in new ways –economically, socially and technically.
++ =
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Some business scenarios
predict
alert
track
measure
Retail predictive re-stocking to optimize deliveries…
Logistics optimizing shipments to move less empty containers…
Healthcare managing usage of specialized equipment….
Government monitoring natural events, volcanoes, rivers, dams…
Energy & Utilities monitoring oil pipelines, grids, SCADA
Banking alerting account managers of new premium clients…
Retail supplies and delivery tracking…
Manufacturing inventory and goods tracking…
Government traffic and public transport tracking…
Energy & Utilities smart metering…
Travel automated billing…
Healthcare patient monitoring, trials…
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Smarter Products for a Smarter Planet…But Design and Development has greater challenges due to
Semiconductor Suppliers &
Mfg Services
Industrial Equipment
Network Equipment Providers
Office Products & Computers
Medical Devices
Consumer Electronics & Appliances
Globalization
Increased use of software to deliver innovation
Increasing product complexity and supply chains
Short product lifecycles
Pricing pressures
Rapidly changing technology
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How do you harness the Big Data in IoT?
Pending
work
Application
State
data
Business
logic
User
interfaces
Se
rvic
e i
nte
rfa
ce
s
Work
Queries
Events
Events
Work requests
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We need to Transform Data into Insight
data
information
knowledge
insight
filter
analyze
contextualize
capture
action
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The event-driven pattern for IoT
Connectivity closes the gap between data sources and
intelligent decision makers and business processes
�� Collect Collect datadata from physical sensors, from physical sensors,
instrumented business applications, news instrumented business applications, news
and data feedsand data feeds……
�� Derive new Derive new informationinformation from disparate data from disparate data
types and sources. Identify situations of types and sources. Identify situations of
significance.significance.
�� Apply Apply analyticsanalytics to identify relevant insights to identify relevant insights
and business impactand business impact
�� Identify the best business Identify the best business decisionsdecisions for the for the
detected situation detected situation
�Sensors and Metering�Sensors and Metering
�Real Time + Historical �Data
�Real Time + Historical �Data
�Data �Modeling�Data �Modeling�+ Analytics
�Sensors and MeteringData Collection
Event Distribution and Processing
�Real Time + Historical �Data
Real-time andPredictive Analytics
New Data
New Insights
�Data �ModelingDecision Management
� Optimize business outcomesOptimize business outcomes
�� Maximize resource utilizationMaximize resource utilization
�� Enhance customer experienceEnhance customer experience
�� Improve lifecycle managementImprove lifecycle management
New Information
Business Processesand Applications
ActionsAlertsVisualization
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Closing the loop
� Consider
� Events
Enterprise IntegrationEnterprise IntegrationEnterprise Integration
People and processesPeople and processesPeople and processes
Business monitoringBusiness monitoringBusiness monitoring AnalyticsAnalyticsAnalytics
�Intelligent control
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Public CloudPrivate Cloud
Internet network,
Content delivery
networks
Mobiles, Tablets,
set-top boxes,
sensors, devices
Public cloud infrastructures Edge
Gateways
Traditional data
centers
Cell network, base stations
Private clouds and workload Optimized
Systems
Internet
Social BusinessBigData
Internet Analytics
Comprehensive Connectivity & Integration
Trading Partner
communities Partners
API
API
The Engaging Enterprise Blueprint for Edge ConnectivityConnectivity to every corner of your Business
Sensors
and
Devices
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What’s Smart?
� Innovative technology for urban delivery trucks
in stop-and-go traffic
� Smart software to optimize energy usage and
reduce greenhouse gases
Smarter Business Outcomes
� 60-70% reduction in fuel consumption,
according to EPA
� 40% reduction in CO2 emissions
How Rational Software Enables Smarter Products
Hydraulic Hybrid Delivery VehiclesEaton Corporation and UPS
� Software modeling to optimize system
performance
� Automatic generation of in-vehicle
software code
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Red Funnel Ferries: a real example of instrumentation in action
http://ibm.co/q8tsyf
� Ferries instrumented to tweet their position
�Increased customer satisfaction
�Prevent wasted journeys to the terminal
Live vessel position information
Service alerts via free SMS services
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Extended Reach transforms Railway Operations
Network Rail - National railway infrastructure created solution for real-time rail monitoring
Client Pains
� Difficulty integrating and sharing information
� Lack of real-time data
� Home-grown solution expensive to build and maintain
Real Results
� Improved reliability and timeliness of train services
� Able to allocate railway resources more efficiently
� Instant access to real-time data across organization
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The future: Decentralized control
� Intelligent devices communicating directly
– Sharing data
– Notifying each other of events
� Openness of data, with appropriate security
– Using interoperable protocols
– Using cloud systems and social networks
� Enabling others to take control
– Partners and consumers
– Even the devices themselves
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� 90% of innovation is based on electric / electronic systems
� 80% of this innovation is based on embedded software
Automotive
Aerospace & Defense� F-22 Raptor (2003) contains
1.7 million lines of code
� F-35 Lightning II (2010) contains 5.7 million lines of code
Market for Complex & Embedded Systems is shifting…More & more of the innovation is coming from software!
However…Software & Integrated Product Failures Still Plague Companies
Why?Lack of discipline & governance in software development processes!
� Aerospace Agency
$1 billion prototype rocket self-destructed 40 seconds after takeoff. due to a bug in on-board guidance software
� Automobile OEM
Software bug forced recall of 75k cars that stalled at high speeds
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� Cell Phone Manufacturer
Software bugs resulted in dropped calls, and crashes with third party applications, Recalled 285K cell phones
� Home Automation Supplier
Recalls thousands of units with a software defect resulting in a security breach
� Medical Equipment Manufacturer
Recalled 42K defibrillator devices due to poor software
Software & Integrated Product Failures Still Plague CompaniesDespite the ongoing focus on improving product lifecycle management
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One research report forecasts as much as $4.5 trillion in spending by 2020
36 Internet of Things: A 2013 HorizonWatch Trend Report23Jan2013
“The Connected Life will open up new revenue streams, facilitate new business models, drive efficiencies and improve the way existing services are delivered to create a global business impact worth as much as US$4.5 trillion” – GSMA
“The Business Impact of Connected Devices could be Worth US$4.5 Trillion in 2020.” – GSMA
The Connected Life: A USD4.5 Trillion Global Impact in 2020 – GSMA & MachinaResearch Report
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The Internet of Things will require new approaches for CIOs and new skills for IT professionals
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“By combining the capabilities of the Web, cloud computing, analytics and tiny intelligent sensors, CIOs can help create wholly new products and services connected to networks and to each other.” – CIO.com
“CIOs should pay attention to and educate themselves about the Internet of Things because supply chains will increasingly be loaded with sensors, which could impact how CIOs interact with their suppliers.” - WSJ
“Most CIOs are aware that sensors, appliances and cars are joining the Internet. However, add to that "dumb" objects, like a drink can or a fertilizer bag, and you get innovative opportunities that were never previously possible.” – Gartner
“The Internet of Things requires enterprises to recruit or train experts in new sets of technologies and in new business models.” - Gartner
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Cezar [email protected]/developerworks/blogs/page/ctaurion@ctaurionFacebookLinkedin
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