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Conditional SentencesHow to teach grammar.
Nertila Shpani I-A
Dega Anglisht.
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Conditional Sentences
Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :
If-clause + Main Clause
Example :
If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.
If-clause Main Clause
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Conditional Sentences
Types :
There are 4 types of conditional sentences.
They are classified according to the degree ofprobabilitythat they express.
Each type of conditional sentences uses different
tenses to show the difference in the degree of
probability.
The order of the two clauses is flexible, its not
important.
But if the if-clause comes first, it must be followed bya comma.
If it rains, Ill stay at home
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Zero Conditionals
Tense : Present tense in both clauses
Example :
Present Tense Present Tense
If you heatwater to 100C, itboils
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Zero Conditionals
Use :
Talk about universal truth.
Ifyou heatice, itturns to water
To give commands
Ifyou are tired, go to bed!
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First Conditionals
Tense :
If-clause ~ Present Tense
Main Clause ~ Future Tense
If I feel sick tomorrow, I will not go to school.
Present Tense Future Tense
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First Conditionals
Use :
To speak about possible or probable future
events.If the weatheris as sunny tomorrow as it was today,we will go surfing.
To make promises or warnings
If youforgetmy birthday, Ill never speakto you again.
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Exercise One. First Conditionals
1. If you ___________________ (not come),
You ________________ (miss ) the show.
do not come
will miss
2. John __________________ (buy)a car if he
_____________ (get) a job.
will buy
gets
3. Mary ________________(get) a toothache if
she_________________ (eat) too many sweets.
will get
eats
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Second Conditionals
Tense : If-clause ~ Past TenseMain Clause ~ would + an infinitive
Example :
If I had $200,000 now, I would buy a car.
Past Tense Would + infinitive
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Second Conditionals
Use :
To speak about present and future
situations which are unlikely to happen.If Ihadany money Iwould lendit to you.
If Iwere you Iwouldn't do this.
MINDWere is often
used instead of
was in the 1st
and 3rd person
singular
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Third Conditionals
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Perfect TenseMain Clause ~ Would Have + Past
Participle
If I had had enough money, I would have bought
the camera yesterday.
If I had come home earlier, I would not have missedthe programme.
Past Perfect Tense Would have+ Past Participle
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Third Conditionals
Use :
To speak about impossible past events
If they
d gone by bus, theywould havearrived much later.
(They didnt go by bus)
He would have travelled around the world if he
had had more money.
(Impossible to change,because he didnt have themoney)
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Exercise Two
1. If I ________________ (be) four years old, I
________________ (learn) to play the piano.
were
would learn
2. If I ________________ (not fail) in the
examination, my mother_______________ (buy)
me a new computer.
had not failed
would have bought
3. We ________________________ (finish) if we
________________ (have) better preparation.
would have finished
had had
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Exercises
Identifying conditionals
I. Choose the correct answer.
1 - If I drink tea in the morning, it makes me feel sick.
Zero Conditional
First Conditional
Second Conditional
Third Conditional
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You are going to a date. But
suddenly a bird made your jacket
dirty.
Mixed exercises
What would you do in these situations
You enter the classroom and
suddenly realize that youve
forgotten to dress your trousers.
If a bird made my jacket dirty, Id
run to buy other. If I forgot to dress my trousers,
Id try to invent some
explanation.
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Third Conditional story
Write what happened in each picture.
He went to a party
He arrived home very late.
He overslept.
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Third Conditional story
Write what happened in each picture.
He missed the bus He was late for work andhis boss was very angry.
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Third Conditional story
Write what happened in each picture.
His boss was angry and he wasdismissed
He went for a walk.
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Third Conditional story
Write what happened in each picture.
He met a girl and theyfell in love.
They got married.
Now they have three children.
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Third Conditional story
Write what would have happened if.
If he hadnt gone to a party..
If he hadnt arrived home very late..
he wouldnt have arrived home late.
he wouldnt have overslept.
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Third Conditional story
Write what would have happened if.
If he hadnt missed the bus..
If he hadnt overslept.. he wouldnt have missed the bus.
he wouldnt have been late for work.
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Third Conditional story
Write what would have happened if.
If he hadnt been late for work,
If he hadnt been dismissed..
his boss wouldnt have gotangry.
he wouldnt have gone tothe park.
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Third Conditional story
Write what would have happened if.
If he hadnt gone to the park,..
If he hadnt met the girl..
he wouldnt have met a girl.
he wouldnt have got married andwouldnt have had three children.
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Third Conditional story
Therefore .
If he hadnt gone to the party,.. he wouldnt have got married.
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Thanks