KNOWLEDGE CHECK
How can cancer be prevented?
How is cancer treated?
How are cancer cells different from normal cells?
What causes cancer? How does this happen?
What is cancer?
CANCER RECAP
• Uncontrolled cell growth that prevents healthy tissue from functioning correctly
What is cancer?
• Mutations of genes that control cell division and of genes that correct DNA replication errors
• p53 protein
What causes cancer?
• UV light, viruses, tobacco products, pollutants, radiation exposure, genetics
What causes these
mutations?
CANCER RECAPNormal
CellsRequire external growth factors to divide
Contact with other cells stops cell division
Age and die after a limited amount of times (usually 50)
Cancer Cells
Divide whether or not growth factors are present
Cells continue to grow after touching other cells
Cells divide infinitely
CANCER RECAP • Surgery for solid tumors
• Radiation kills cancer cells with high-energy rays that damage DNA to prevent replication – can also kill normal cells
• Chemotherapy drugs are toxic compounds that target rapidly growing cells by severely damaging DNA
How is cance
r treate
d?
CANCER RECAP • Minimizing exposure
to tobacco products, sunlight, and pollution
• Eating a diet with large amounts of colorful fruits and vegetables
• Vaccinations (Hepatitis B, human papillomavirus)
How can cancer
be prevente
d?
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