HarvestPlus c/o IFPRI 2033 K Street, NW Washington, DC
20006-1002 USA Tel: 202-862-5600 Fax: 202-467-4439
[email protected] www.HarvestPlus.org A Methodology for
Prioritizing Countries for Biofortification Interventions Salomn
Prez S Dorene Asare-Marfo Ekin Birol Mourad Moursi Jana Schwarz
Manfred Zeller
Slide 2
Introduction Micronutrient deficiency is a public health
problem in many developing countries
Slide 3
Objectives 1.To build an index for biofortification
intervention prioritization in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the
Caribbean (LAC) 2.To prioritize countries for iron biofortification
intervention (beans and pearl millet) 3.To prioritize countries for
zinc biofortification intervention (rice and wheat) 4.To prioritize
countries for vitamin A biofortification intervention (cassava,
maize, sweet potato)
Slide 4
Conditions for H+ priority country Country must: 1.Produce the
crop - a significant proportion of production must be used for
domestic consumption 2.Consume much of the crop on a per-capita
basis 3.Have a high level of micronutrient deficiency (vitamin A,
Iron or zinc) Saltzman et al. (2013)
Slide 5
Methodology The biofortification priority index (BPI) captures
the three conditions with three sub-indices: 1.Production Index
2.Consumption Index 3.Micronutrient deficiency index
Slide 6
Production Index Shows intensity of crop production in country
Variables: Per capita area harvested (sqm per capita) Share of area
harvested allocated to crop (%) Export share (%) Production Index =
[1 export share] [(0.5 x per capita area harvested ) + (0.5 x %
land area allocated to crop )] Production Index = [1 export share]
[(0.5 x per capita area harvested ) + (0.5 x % land area allocated
to crop )]
Slide 7
Consumption Index Measures the magnitude of per-capita
consumption of crop in the country which is supplied by domestic
production Variables: Consumption per capita (kg/cap/year) Import
share (%) Consumption Index = Consumption per capita x (1-Import
Share*) *Import share = Imports/(Production + Imports - Exports)
Consumption Index = Consumption per capita x (1-Import Share*)
*Import share = Imports/(Production + Imports - Exports)
Slide 8
Micronutrient Deficiency Index Describes the extent of
micronutrient deficiency Variables for Vitamin-A deficiency index:
Proportion of preschool-age children with retinol < 0.7 mol/l
Age-standardized DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants by VAD Vitamin A
Deficiency Index = (0.5 x Proportion of preschool-age children with
retinol < 0.70 umol/l) + ( 0.5 * Age-standardized DALYs per
100,00 inhabitants by VAD) Vitamin A Deficiency Index = (0.5 x
Proportion of preschool-age children with retinol < 0.70 umol/l)
+ ( 0.5 * Age-standardized DALYs per 100,00 inhabitants by
VAD)
Slide 9
Micronutrient Deficiency Index (cont.) Variables for Iron
deficiency index: Proportion of preschool-age children with Hb <
110 g/dl Age-standardized DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants by IDA Iron
Deficiency Index = + (0.5 x Proportion of preschool-age children
with Hb < 110 g/l) + (0.5 x Age-standardized DALYs per 100,000
inhabitants by IDA) Iron Deficiency Index = + (0.5 x Proportion of
preschool-age children with Hb < 110 g/l) + (0.5 x
Age-standardized DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants by IDA)
Slide 10
Micronutrient Deficiency Index (cont.) Variables for Zinc
deficiency index: Percentage of population at risk of inadequate
intake of zinc Prevalence of stunting among children 6-59 months
Zinc Deficiency Index = (0.5 x Percentage of population at risk of
inadequate intake of zinc) + (0.5 x Prevalence of stunting) Zinc
Deficiency Index = (0.5 x Percentage of population at risk of
inadequate intake of zinc) + (0.5 x Prevalence of stunting)
Slide 11
Summary of Indices and variables used Sub-indexSource
VariableData source Production IndexShare of area harvested (%)FAO
2010 Per-capita area harvested (in square meter per capita) FAO
2010 Export share (%)FAO 2010 Consumption Index Per-capita food
consumptionFAO 2010 Import Share (%)FAO 2010 Micronutrient
Deficiency Index SerumRetinol07WHO 1995-2010 DALYs VADWHO 2002
Inadequate ZincZiNCG 2004 Hb