Group Members: Erick IciarteKelly Mann
Daniel WillisMiguel Lastres
How it works A superconductor is a material that exhibits zero
resistance when exposed to very cold temperatures.
Temperatures required for super conductance range from -234 C or -398 F and beyond.
They will no longer poses their low resistive states when placed in the presence of too large a magnetic field.
…… Super conductance only occurs when the material cools
below it’s critical temperature. Like a critical temperature, there is also a critical magnetic
field. Superconductors will cease to super conduct when an external magnetic field is applied that exceeds the critical magnetic field.
Meissner EffectThe Meissner Effect refers to the complete expulsion of magnetic fields
from the interior of a superconductor. The magnetic field intensity is zero within the superconductor. Electric currents are set up near the surface. Their resulting magnetic
fields cancel the internally applied magnetic field. These current are know as persistent currents.
Persistent currents are the reason there areSuperconductors.
Types of Superconductors There are type 1 and type 2 superconductors. Type 1 superconductors were discovered first and
require the coldest temperatures to exhibit super conductance.
Type 1 superconductors have perfect diamagnetism . Type 1 superconductors only have 1 critical magnetic
field and as a result, are not versatile.
Type 2 Superconductor Main difference is that type 2 superconductors have 2 critical magnetic fields. Used in MRI machines. Below the lower critical field, the material will super conduct. Above the upper critical
field, the material will cease to super conduct. In-between the two levels is a mixed state in which some parts of the metal super conduct as opposed to other parts of the material the conduct electricity normally.
The closer the magnetic field is to the upper critical field, the less superconductive it becomes. As a result, type 2 semiconductors can exhibit their superconductivity in the presence of greater magnetic fields.
Quantum Levitation Done by a quantum effect called quantum locking also
called flux pinning. Only type-II superconductors can be penetrated by
magnetic fields. Flux pinning is closely related to the Meissnet Effect
but with the difference that it allows the magnetic flux to enter in quantized packets which form the flux tubes.
1 µm thick superconducting disk super cooled with liquid nitrogen.
Super cooling provides less energy to knock electrons from there initial path.
Flux Tubes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_F-VVmMD4_k
MagSurf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-QPKq7PHy6c
Hula hoop Ring
SQUIDSQUIDSuperconducting Quantum Interference
Device
What is a SQUID???
A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)
Josephson Junction
SQUID Design
SQUID UsesOne of the device's most promising uses is in
magnetoencephalography (MEG).
Physical processes.
DC SQUIDs
Example
Atomic Magnetometer
SQUID Helmet
• Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered superconductivity on April 8, 1911
• At 4.2 K the resistance in a solid mercury wire immersed in liquid helium suddenly vanished
• Nobel prize in 1913• Many have continued the research he started
many decades ago
Uses of Superconductors Transport vehicles, such as trains MLX01 test vehicle attained a speed of 361 mph Performs a life-saving function in the medical field
- - more precise than MRI Transmission of commercial power to cities – not
practical over long distances
The Research Continues… UTK is collaborating with ORNL to probe enzyme
function by using a superconducting magnet and supercomputing
Tennessee Tech has been awarded a project by the DOE that features a feasibility study of superconducting cables
China’s Tsinghua University and U.S. DOE’s Berkley Lab are working on high-temperature superconductivity
Last, but not least, we can’t forget our favorite teacher!
Citation http://www.tntech.edu/pressreleases/ttu-energy-experts-working-to-lower-costs-
increase-efficiency-in-electric-power/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes#Superconductivity http://www.nics.tennessee.edu/superconducting-magnet-and-supercomputing http://superconductors.org/uses.htm http://superconductors.org/history.htm http://www.photo.tntech.edu/Brook_Abegaz_g163.html
http://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/definition/superconducting-quantum-interference-device
http://www.nanogallery.info/nanogallery/?ipg=156 http://medicalphysicsweb.org/cws/article/research/49402 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flux_pinning
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