Genotypes & Phenotypes
Paula Meneses & Joshua Aguilar
Genotypes
Dominant/Recessive Alleles. Inheritable information. Contribute to your
Phenotypes. Polygenic Traits & Single
Gene Traits. Cell → Nucleus →
Chromosomes → DNA Strands → Genes (Made up of Alleles.)
Homozygous Heterozygous
Two same alleles Two different alleles
Phenotypes
Based on your Genotypes. 25% Chance of Peak & 75% of no Peak.
Are all your physical traits. Can be Skin Color, Hair Color, Eye Color, Eye
Shape, etc..
B b
B BB Bb
b Bb bb
No Widows Peak: B (Big B)
Widows Peak: b (Little b)
Dominant & Recessive Genes
Dominant Alleles are more likely to influence the Phenotype.
Recessive Alleles are less likely to influence the Phenotype.
Genotypes can be passed on.
If Recessive Gene isn't physically viewable, it will be passed on to offspring.
If heterozygous, Recessive Gene can still be passed on.
Variation of Genetic Info
In a community, the genetic information combined is a Gene Pool...
Gene Mutations can occur..
Genetic Shuffling also occurs..
Crossing Over can occur..
Polygenic & Single Gene Traits
Polygenic Traits: Controlled by more than one gene.
Example: Eyes, Skin, Hair, Height, Ears, Nose, Lips, etc.
Single Gene Traits: Controlled by one gene. You have it or not.
Example: Widows Peak, Earlobes, Ability to Roll Tongue, PTC Tasters, Hair on Knuckles, etc.
Genetic Code
Genotypes are written in a Genetic Code.
Consists of a sequence of Codons
Example of a Codon: “AUG” (Methionine)
Each Codon will stand for a single amino acid.
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