DRINKING WATER SUPPLY DURING DROUGHT
Jayashree Muralidharan, I.A.S., District Collector, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu.
TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT • Tiruchirappalli District is
located centrally in Tamil
Nadu • Basically an agrarian district
with industrial growth
supported by the public
sector companies like BHEL,
HAPP, OFT and Railway
workshop• Tiruchirappalli is an
important Educational Hub• River Cauvery flows through
the district
TAMIL NADU
DISTRICT MAP
DISTRICT PROFILE
Administrative Units
Corporation 1
Municipalities 3
Town Panchayats 16
Taluks 9
Revenue Villages 507
Blocks 14
Village Panchayats 404
Habitations 2210
Area and Population
Area (Sq. Km.) 4,403.83
Population(2011 Census) 27,22,290
Male Population 13,52,284
Female Population 13,70,006
Rural Population 13,84,257
Urban Population 13,38,033
Density (Sq. Km.) 549
Literates 20,38,981
River Cauvery and River Kollidam are the main sources for drinking water in the delta areas. However, ground water is the major source for the other parts of the district
Average rainfall is 761.50 mm. During 2012, rain fall was only 578 mm and it was the worst year in the last 10 years
In the normal course, Mettur Dam (Cauvery Water) is released from 12th June to 28th January of succeeding year – 8 months
Due to very poor rainfall in the catchment areas, Mettur Dam was opened only on 17th Sep 2012 and closed again on 22nd December 2012 – 3 months
CAUVERY RIVER – STILL DRINKING WATER PROBLEM ?
Avg. Rain fall
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 upto July
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
761.5
906.290000000001
1311.63
689.62751.07
1074.82
653.99
893.11
764.23
578.16
65.92
Average Rain fall in mm Rain fall in mm
TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT RAIN FALL (in mm)
Very poor rainfall coupled with parched Cauvery,
resulted in a drought situation since January, 2013
Drinking Water scarcity loomed large in 10 out of 14
Blocks
There was a sharp drop in water table throughout
the district as indicated by the table. In
Thathaiyangar Pettai Block, the water table
dropped from 430 feet to 820 feet during the
current year
DISTRICT AVERAGE BORE WELL DEPTH (in feet)
Block Category Average Depth of the Bore Wells
During 2012-13 (Drought year)
Depth of the Bore Wells
Manapparai OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 495
Vaiyampatti OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 525
Musiri OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 625
Thathayangarpet OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 430 820
Thottiyam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 560
Manikandam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 295 430
Thuraiyur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 590
Uppiliyapuram OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 590
Mannachanallur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 495
Andanallur SAFE (70%) 230 295
Thiruverumbur SAFE (70%) 295 430
Pullambadi SAFE (70%) 230 460
Marungapuri SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 395 590
Lalgudi SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 230 365
District Average Bore well Depth in Feet 340 520
Manap
parai
Musiri
Thottiya
m
Thurai
yur
Mannach
anall
ur
Thiru
veru
mbur
Marunga
puri
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
395365 365
430395
295
365395
365
230
295
230
395
230
495525
625
820
560
430
590 590
495
295
430460
590
365
DISTRICT AVERAGE BORE WELL DEPTH (in feet)
ANTICIPATING THE PROBLEM - ADVANCE ACTIONThe District Administration rose to the occasion and formulated a multi-pronged strategy , to avert the drinking water crisis
Ban on taking up any work other than then drinking water supply by the Village Panchayats, Panchayat Unions, District Panchayat, Town Panchayats and Municipalities was imposed since August, 2012 and enforced very strictly
Dovetailing funds from all schemes towards drinking water supply helped us to a great extent, without much external funding
Motivating the stakeholders, especially the elected representatives , to cooperate in the effort
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED INTIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT
Agency2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
Tiruchirappalli City Corporation 177 23681.21
Village Panchayats 2759 3898.96
Municipality and Town Panchyats 254 478.42
Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board 669 3346.10
TOTAL 3859 31404.69
DOVETAILED FUNDS FROM VARIOUS SCHEMES
Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
General Fund 2108 3329.32
Water Supply Fund 761 25390.96THAI 440 710.40MLACDS 185 356.66MPLADS 70 112.73CSIDS 8 11.60SSS 11 43.50IGFF 59 104.30
SUB TOTAL 3642 30059.47EXTERNAL FUND
Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 8 505.00
Drought Relief Fund 209 840.22SUB TOTAL 217 1345.22
GRAND TOTAL 3859 31404.69
WATER SUPPLY WORKS
Deep Bore well in Cauvery River
Filling up water in PVC tank for public supply through lorries Ward 28 – Ariyamangalam
3859 works were taken up at a total cost of Rs.314.05 Crores to ensure adequate water supply in the district. (Of this 3682 works at a cost of 77.22 crores was taken up in the rural areas)
In Tirurchirappalli City Corporation
149 HDPE tanks were provided in various locations
10 lakh litres of drinking water supplied through 84 lorry trips daily
5 diesel Gensets were purchased for continuous pumping even at the time of power cut.
Water supply through HDPE Tank WARD 30 – GOLDENROCK
WATER SUPPLY WORKS
GENSET FOR PUMPING WATER DURING POWER CUT - PONMALAIPATTI
WATER SUPPLY WORKS
OHT MINI POWER PUMP INDIA MARK-II HAND PUMP
RURAL WATER SUPPLY WORKS
OHT TANK, SEKKANAM PANCHAYAT,
VAIYAMPATTI UNION
MINI POWER PUMPAYYAMPALAYAM PANCHAYAT,
MUSIRI UNION
WATER SUPPLY WORKS
Podhavur Panchayat, Manikandam Union
New Hand Pump
Mini Power Pump
WATER SUPPLY HELP LINE – 1077 (TOLL FREE )The District Administration setup a 24 X 7 toll free Water supply Helpline 1077 to redress the water woes of the public
Control Rooms were commissioned in the Collectorate and in all the local bodies
Any person from rural or urban area could inform 1077, through mobile or landline. Complaints were registered online and a complaint number was given
The problem was conveyed to the area officer concerned immediately through wireless
The official concerned had to attend to the complaint and give compliance within 24 hours
This was cross checked with the complainant and only after 100% redressal, the complaint was logged as closed
QUICK REDRESSAL
HELP LINE – 1077 (TOLL FREE )...
1077 – Awareness created through News Paper
Location No. of Complaints Received
No. of Complaints Rectified
Tiruchirappalli City Corporation 902 902
Village Panchayats 205 205
Municipalities 14 14
Town Panchayats 10 10
Total 1131 1131
Of the total No. of 1131 Complaints received, all were attended and water supply effected/restored within 24 hours.
ACTION TAKEN FOR IMPROVING WATER TABLE
To improve the water table which had gone down steeply, a massive farm pond scheme was implemented through MNREGS
A total of 1458 farm ponds were constructed at a cost of Rs.763.90 lakhs to provide adequate moisture to the parched soil and to stabilize the water table
723 tanks and 651 channels were desilted at a cost of Rs. 9852.16 lakhs
114 check dams were built at a cost of Rs. 444.75 lakhs, through the Agriculture Department
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE
Farm pond at Perugamani in Andanallur Union
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Farm pond at Thiruparaithurai Panchayat
Check dam in Thathaiyangar Pettai
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Check dam in Thottiyam
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Thuvakudi Municipality - Rain Water Harvesting Pond
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Based on the past experience on Rain Water Harvesting in 2003 under the leadership of the Hon’ble Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, all Government Buildings including Housing Schemes have been provided with Rain Water Harvesting Structure
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE IN CHIEF MINISTER’S SOLAR POWERED GREEN HOUSE SCHEME – 2012 - 13
Mrs. Yashmin Beevi w/o Abdul Hameed, Ariyaur Panchayat
Community wells, a traditional source of drinking water, are not maintained and are in a dilapidated condition in most villages
460 defunct community wells were converted into Rain Water Harvesting structures and are being put to useSimilarly, defunct bore wells, were converted into rain water harvesting structures, so as to recharge and put them to use
Conversion of Defunct community wells / bore wells into Rain Water Harvesting Structures
BEFORE DURING
The defunct Community well at Kamalapuram Panchayat in Thottiyam Union
AFTER
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
BEFORE EXECUTION
The defunct Community well at Manakkal Panchayat, Lalgudi Union
AFTER EXECUTION
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
The defunct Panchayat Union well is being recharged by RWH structure with roof top rain water at Thottiyam Block office
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Srinivasanallur Panchayat, Thottiyam Union
RWH structure of a defunct bore well
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
Integrated and holistic plan formulated by the district administration, anticipating the water crisis, coupled with expeditious implementation involving all the stakeholders, helped in overcoming the crisis
Law and order problems including road rokos, were averted
Appreciation from the public and in particular by the Government for the effective tackling of drinking water crisis
Thank You
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI CITY CORPORATION
Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
General Fund 139 869.96
Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 6 325.00
Drought Relief Fund 25 344.25
Water Supply Improvement Scheme (WSIS) 7 22142.00
TOTAL 177 23681.21
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
General Funds- Village Pts. 1117 1360.79General Funds- Block Pts. 685 914.21THAI 440 710.40MLACDS 185 356.66MPLADS 70 112.73CSIDS 8 11.60SSS 11 43.50Drought Relief Fund 156 249.77NRDWP 28 35.00IGFF 59 104.30
TOTAL 2759 3898.96
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY MUNICIPALITIES AND TOWN PANCHAYATS
Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
General Fund 167 184.36
Drought Relief Fund 13 22.20
Water Supply Funds 72 91.86
Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 2 180.00
TOTAL 254 478.42
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY TWAD BOARD
Name of Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
IPP (Regular) 370 1473.20
Special Approval 46 42.35
Special Programme 235 1370.26
CWSS 3 236.29
Drought Relief works 15 224.00
TOTAL 669 3346.10
WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT
Name of the Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)
Formation of Percolation Pond 96 38.40
Formation of Cattle Pond 52 52.00
Formation of Farm Pond 115 46.00
Formation of Village Pond 91 136.50
Formation of Sunken Pond 244 61.00Construction of Checkdam 78 78.00Construction of Surplus Weir 40 10.00Tank / Pond Renovation 18 18.00Channel Renovation 82 21.60
TOTAL 816 461.50
WATER LEVEL MONITORING FROM OBSERVATION WELLS (in feet)
Block CategoryAverage water Level
DepthDuring 2012-13 (Drought year)
level of water Depth
Manapparai OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 13.45 54.69
Vaiyampatti OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 8.42 47.56
Musiri OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 18.04 63.96
Thathayangarpet OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 37.88 99.49
Thottiyam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 13.78 41.33
Manikandam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 12.46 49.75
Thuraiyur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 20.12 65.82
Uppiliyapuram OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 21.21 87.36
Mannachanallur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 25.04 59.7
Andanallur SAFE (70%) 3.5 19.79
Thiruverumbur SAFE (70%) 4.37 25.58
Pullambadi SAFE (70%) 13.12 35.83
Marungapuri SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 7.05 43.79
Lalgudi SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 2.51 23.83
District Average Water level in Feet 14.35 51.32
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
13.45
8.42
18.04
37.88
13.78 12.46
20.12 21.2125.04
3.5 4.37
13.12
7.05
2.51
54.69
47.56
63.96
99.49
41.33
49.75
65.82
87.36
59.7
19.79
25.58
35.83
43.79
23.83
TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICTWATER LEVEL MONITORING DATA - OBSERVATION WELLS (in feet)
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE IN CHIEF MINISTER’S SOLAR POWERED GREEN HOUSE SCHEME – 2012 - 13
Mrs. Chandra w/o Somasundaram, Kodiyalam Panchayat
Farm pond at Pettavaithalai in Andanallur Union
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …
PER CAPITA WATER SUPPLY
Area
Quantity of Water Supplied (LPCD)
December 2012
February 2013
April 2013
August 2013 Water
supply restored
Rural Panchayats 40.00 20.00 30.00 40.00
Corporation 110.00 60.00 70.00 110.00
Municipalities 82.00 35.00 54.00 82.00
PER CAPITA WATER SUPPLY
AreaQuantity of Water Supplied (LPCD)
December 2012 January 2013
Rural Panchayats 40.00 20.00
Corporation 110.00 60.00
Municipalities 82.00 35.00
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