Drift of solar constants for the Earth (1), Venus (2) and Marc
(3) due to increasing of Suns luminosity. Within an interval formed
by carves 4 and 5 the Earths type of climate is not principally
varied.
Slide 2
Variation of 2 concentration in the atmosphere
Slide 3
Temperature deviation from todays value 1 calculation [Budyko
et al., 1985] 2 interpretation of proxy indicators [Frakes,
1979]
Slide 4
Variation of 2 concentration in the atmosphere
Slide 5
Measured concentration of 18 O in surface planktonies [Imbrie
et al., 1984] 5e5e 5d5d 1 2 6 1, 2, 5e, 5d, 6 are some isotopic
stages
Slide 6
Changes of temperature in north western part of Russian Plane (
0 C) [Klimanov, 1996.] July JanuaryYear YD Al YD Younger Dryas, Al
Allered, AT Atlantic warm event AT
Slide 7
Northern summer temperature changes ( 0 ) [Bradley, Jones,
1993] Temperature changes ( 0 ), based on measurements in holes
Changes of Alpian glaciers length [Oerlemans, 1994] Glaciers: 1
Untere Grindelwaldgletscher, 2 Rhonegletscher, 3 Glacier
dArgentiere
Slide 8
Climate dynamics and insolation change during last 140 .
Parameters of the Earths orbit 10 3 years BP eccentricity obliquity
precession summerwinter Insolation at the top of the atmosphere 18
O
Slide 9
Latitude-month distribution of the difference in insolation
(W/m 2 ) between 21 and 6 ka and the present 21 ka BP 6 ka BP
Slide 10
Equation of the general circulation model (GCM) dX/dt=F,
X=X(0)
Slide 11
Global surface air temperature 21 ka BP-control from different
GCMs Simulations forced by CLIMAP SSTs Simulations with
atmosphere-mixed layer ocean model
Slide 12
Mean annual temperature anomalies (LGM minus modern) averaged
by PMIP models Sites where LGM temperatures have been
reconstructed
Slide 13
Comparison between reconstructed and simulated mean annual
temperatures anomalies (LGM minus modern) over the land for all
available sites
Slide 14
Comparison between reconstructed and simulated mean annual
temperatures anomalies (LGM minus modern) over the land for the
sites from the areas with simple topography and environments 1
Western Europe and North Africa 2 - East European Plane 3
North-East North America 4 West Siberian Plane 5 Eastern Siberia
and Chukotka 6 Greenland 7 Antarctica 8 Mongolia and North China 9
Brazil 10 South Africa 11 Australia
Slide 15
Comparison between reconstructed and simulated mean annual
temperatures anomalies (LGM minus modern) over the land averaged by
the regions pointed in the legend 1 Western Europe (9) and North
Africa (1) 2 - East European Plane (5) 3 North-East North America
(4) 4 West Siberian Plane (10) 5 Eastern Siberia and Chukotka (6) 6
Greenland (1) 7 Antarctica (1) 8 Mongolia (2) and North China (2) 9
Brazil (1) 10 South Africa (2) 11 Australia (1)
Slide 16
Mean annual precipitation anomalies (LGM minus modern) averaged
by PMIP models
Slide 17
Latitude-month distribution of the difference in insolation
(W/m 2 ) between 21 and 6 ka and the present 21 ka BP 6 ka BP
Slide 18
PMIP-model averaged temperature anomalies ( 0 ) and anomalies
of precipitation (mm/day) 6 ka BP (june, july, august)
Slide 19
Relationship between precipitation changes over northern India
and changes of surface air temperature over central Asia
models
Slide 20
Temperature ( 0 C) and precipitation (mm/day) anomalies for
July, 6-0 ka BP Simulated and recorded temperature anomalies over
land MSU model
Slide 21
Changes in zonal annual mean precipitation averaged over
Northern Africa (6 0 ka BP, PMIP results) Max and min bounds for
the excess precipitation to support grassland
Slide 22
Changes in zonal annual mean precipitation averaged over
Northern Africa (6 0 ka BP, PMIP results) and impact of ocean
feedback Coupled atmosphere-ocean simulation
Slide 23
Changes of temperature in north western part of Russian Plane (
0 C) [Klimanov, 1996.] July JanuaryYear YD Al YD Younger Dryas, Al
Allered, AT Atlantic warm event AT
Slide 24
Scheme of glaciation of the North America during the Younger
Dryase and routes of meltwater discharge
Slide 25
Time series of the deviation of salinity, sea surface
temperature ( 0 C) and ice (sm) from their initial values in the
Denmark Strait Fresh water input to the northern North Atlantic
(1250-year time integration of GFDL model) Response of the
thermochaline circulation of the North Atlantic to fresh water
input to its northern part (1) and Caribean region (2)
Slide 26
Measured concentration of 18 O in surface planktonies [Imbrie
et al., 1984] 5e5e 5d5d 1 2 6 1, 2, 5e, 5d, 6 are some isotopic
stages
Slide 27
White noice Red noice Milankovitch cycles
Slide 28
Red noice
Slide 29
Oscillator for global climate change dT/dt= T(t)+v = 1 + 2 + 3
Scaling time and T denotes the delta-function is the nondimensional
delay, measures the influence of the returning signal
Slide 30
Linear stability analysis T 0 =0, (1- ) 1/2 T 0 - T 0 -T 0 3 =0
0.5 0 5 10 y=T-T 0 Perturbation from the stationary solution The
neutral curve:
