Auckland’s Mass Transit Progression
to Light Rail
Auckland - Overview• World’s 3rd most liveable city (Mercer Survey)
• 36% of New Zealand GDP (3.7% growth rate compared
with rest of NZ 3.2%)
• Over the next 30 years, additional 300K employees –
particularly city centre and city fringe
• $10B private sector investment in city centre development
• 43K new vehicles registered per year
Auckland ActivityDevelopment
• Building and construction -
75 private developments
under construction in the city
centre and fringe
• 51 developments proposed
• At least 16 significant new
developments completed
2016.
Cruise Industry
• 3.45m cruise visitors in year
to November 2016, up 12%
from 2015
• Current cruise season - 105
ships with 228K passengers
and contributing over $500m
to the NZ economy.
Airport Precinct
• 33K jobs and contributing $3.5B to
the country’s GDP
• 90K jobs and $5.5B GDP by 2044
• About 71K residents around
airport employment zone –
travelling from north and south
• 85K vehicles a day via 2 state
highways - projected 174K a day
by 2044.
Growth - City CentreCurrent
• 84K workers, 25% of regional
• 56K students
• Over 30K residents
• One in seven Aucklanders now works there
• Constrained access – from isthmus to city
centre and to the major port
• State Highway 1 managing all north traffic
2046 projections
• Approx 156K workers
• Approx 80K students
• Approx 55K residents
Growth - Auckland Airport
• Auckland Airport second
behind Sydney in international
passengers
• December 2016 - 960,681
international arrivals (excluding
transit passengers)
• 9 new airlines started flying into
Auckland Airport in 2016
• 12m passengers in 2016, 24m
by 2025 and 40m by 2044
• Year end 31 December 2016 -
9.3m international arrivals
Auckland Transport - Key Stats• Responsibility for roads, PT
(rail, ferry, bus), Harbourmaster
• 1.6K Staff
• 7.3K kms of roads
• 58 Rail Stations / Ferry Terminals
• 105K Street Lights
• Over 1K buses in operation
• 1.6K bus shelters
• 85m public transport journeys pa
• Around 130 AT owned carparks
• 30 park n rides with 5610 spaces
• Capex $765m
• Opex $1B
• Total Assets $16B
Public Transport
LRT
Bus
Ferry
Commuter rail
Active
Private vehicle
• PT commuting tripled in last
20 years
• Peak trips will increase by
85% by 2041
• Year on year growth in rail
of 18%
• Only realistic option to
accommodate growth
• Usage grown from 40% to 45%
of all trips into the City Centre in
the last year and is forecast to
grow to 70% over next 30 years
• In September 2015, 50% of
visitors were opting to use public
transport instead of driving
• Per capita ferry trips:
– 6m/ year = 4 per person Auckland
– 14m/year = 3 per person Sydney
Public Transport
Intervention urgent for continued growth, service level performance and resilience of network
Addressing the challenge
Stage 1: Optimise existing assets
- Network changes, Public Transport Operating Model, schedules, routes
Stage 2: Extend existing facilities
- Dedicated lanes/routes
- Double deckers
- Electric buses
- Fast ferries
- CRL – network efficiency
- Increasing active modes
Stage 3: Introduce new technology
- Bus automation/platooning
- Driverless vehicles
- LRT
HEAVY RAIL COMMUTER
RAIL
LIGHT RAIL
(EXCLUSIVE ROW)
BU
S O
N H
OV
LIN
E
BU
SWA
Y
LIGHT RAIL
(ON STREET)
CITY CENTRE BUS LANE
BUS IN MIXED TRAFFIC
Source: Adapted from Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual 2nd Edition
Stage 1 - The New Network
• A total redesign of the
entire Auckland bus
network to international
best practice principles
• Optimised for City Centre
bus capacity and efficiency
• Capacity limits on city
centre streets
Stage 2 - Electric buses • AT trialling two electric buses
• Will be used over different routes
and conditions to test
• Range of more than 200 km with
one charge and can be enabled
for fast or overnight charging
• Current bus fleet does the
equivalent distance of >3x
around world every day
Stage 2 - City Rail Link
Stage 2 - City Rail Link
• Rapid mass transit required in Airport to
City Centre corridor before 2024:
- Limited remaining optimisations to
extend capacity
- Strong airport precinct growth
- Capacity needed for future PT demand
- Resilience for incident management
• Potential future stages utilising key
corridor through the central isthmus
and airport to the east
• Auckland needs intervention to enable
its continued growth
Stage 3 - Progression
towards mass transit
Key challenge
How to transition between modes and progress towards implementation of LRT?
Auckland’s challengeStaging
• Right mode for the right time – demand,
capacity and corridor
• No definitive trigger when transition between
modes to occur – multiple variables and
interdependencies
• Mode transition and hierarchy shift in Auckland
context dependent on customer service levels
• Key corridors already hitting levels of over 120
buses/hr
Network Resilience
• Network integration planning to ensure
all modes function together – PT, vehicles,
active
• Providing viable PT options to increase capacity and ensure network is future proofed for potential
introduction of congestion charging
Housing NZ Land Within Station catchments – City to
Airport
Housing NZ Land Within Station catchments – Botany
to Airport• Opportunity to better match
housing and employment
locations to transport
capacity
• Central and local
government land owned
land being optimised for
joint outcomes
Unlocking housing – accessibility
• The Auckland Unitary Plan
(operative in part) enables
higher density development
in station catchments along
both routes
• Mass Transit integral to
urban development
• Presents opportunities for
central and local
government to leverage
outcomes for public benefit
Urban development opportunities
Light Rail – progress to date
2015
Strategic Case approved
Investigation commences
2016/2017
Defining transitional requirements from bus to LRT
2017/18
Land designation/acquisition
Queen Street now Queen Street potential
Thank you
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