Commission on Information and Communications Technology
ICT BasicsICT Basicsand the Linux Operating Systemand the Linux Operating System
Learning Technologies Division
HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT GROUP
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Data vs. Information
● Data: a collection of independent raw facts
● Information: processed data made meaningful based on the needs of the user– Types of Information:
● Operational● Management● Strategic
● Desirable Qualities of Information:– Relevant– Complete– Timely– Accurate– Presentable– Cost effective
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Data Processing Cycle
● Five Major Phases:– Origination– Input Preparation: Editing/Sorting, Coding, Verifying– Processing: Classifying, Sorting, Calculating, Summarizing– Output: Report Production, Commuicating– Feedback/Storage: Feedback, Storing, Retrieving
IN P UT P R O C E S S O UT P UT S O U R C E U S E R
D AT A IN FO
FE E D B AC K /C O NT R OL
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Information and Communications Technology
Information Technology (IT) ● totality of means employed to
systematically collect, process, store, present, and share information, in support of human intellectual activities
● computers, data communications, office systems technologies,
● computing + communication
Communications Technology ● transmit information via a
network (LAN, WAN) to appropriate personnel for further processing and application
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COMPUTER
CAPABILITIES● perform arithmetic and logical
operations at an extremely fast speed
● store or remember a great amount and variety of information and retrieve/recall the information needed almost instantly
● handle large volumes of repetitive tasks accurately over long periods of time
● communicate with its operators and other machines
● remote processing
LIMITATIONS● subject to human direction and
control (GIGO)● can detect but generally cannot
correct an inaccurate entry on their own
● subject to occasional breakdown or computer malfunctions because of power failures, computer failures, humidity, temperature, maintenance, time, etc
a digital electronic device that processes data through a series of commands into information for reproduction and storage
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Computer System
1.Dataware: systematic and organized collection of data and procedures relevant to the organization
2.Hardware: physical/ tangible parts/ devices
3.Software: intermediary between computer users and the computer hardware; routines and programs, procedures and specialized aids that make the hardware components perform their functions
4.Peopleware: personnel who manage, design, and use the computer system
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Hardware
im a g e f r om h t t p ://w w w .p c g u id e.c om /in t r o/ov er .h t m
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Evolution of Computers (Hardware)
● Evolution of Computers slide presentation
● Generations– Vacuum tubes– Transistors– Integrated Circuits– Very Large-Scale
Integrated Circuits● Microminiaturization
● Trends– Cheaper– More efficient: faster
and more applications– Smaller– More Portable– Much easier to use– All-in-one devices
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Hardware Devices● Data Preparation
Devices● Input Devices● System Case &
processing components– Motherboard– Interface cards– CPU: ALU, Control Unit
● Storage Devices– Primary Storage
● ROM, RAM– Secondary Storage
● Output Devices
– BBC Absolute Beginners' Guide to Using Your Computer● www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/abbeg/abbeg.shtml● www.bbc.co.uk/computertutor/index.shtml
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Software
● Application Software– Word Processors– Electronic Spreadsheets– Slide Presentations– Database Mgt Systems– Multimedia and Image
Editing Systems– Entertainment SW– Engineering Tools– Network and
Communications SW– etc.
● Systems Software– Language Processors/
Translators– Utility Programs– Operating Systems
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Peopleware
● Administration● Project Manager ● Systems Analyst/Designer ● Network Engineer ● Network Administrator ● Database Administrator● Computer Engineer● Computer Programmer ● Computer Operator/ User/ Data Encoder
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Keyboarding
● Enter or Return: moves the text insertion point or cursor to the next line and to the leftmost margin; also used to select an option
● Delete: erases the character to the right of the cursor and all highlighted or selected text
● Backspace: erases the character to the left of the cursor and all highlighted text
● Space Bar: moves the cursor one space at a time to the right
● Arrow keys: moves the cursor around the document without editing text
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Keyboarding
● Shift key: pressed down to type the upper character on keys that has dual functions
● Caps Lock: locks the keyboard so that only capital letters are typed
● Tab: moves the cursor five spaces to the right (number of characters is adjustable) or next field in a form or a table; note: Shift+Tab to go to the previous field
● Esc: cancels the current/active command or dialog box● Function or F keys: used to access specially programmed
commands (e.g. F1 for Help)
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Keyboarding
● Command keys: used in combination with other keys to function– Ctrl key: used to access specific commands (Ctrl+Z =
undo)– Alt key: used to access menus (e.g. Alt+F = File)– Shift key: when used in combination with arrow keys
and home/end key, used to navigate through text and objects faster
from www.grassrootsdesign.com/intro/input.php
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Typing Software/Games● Free Online Typing Tests to measure one’s wpm:
– www.computerlab.kids.new.net/typing_test.htm– www.careerstep.com/typeintro.html– www.typingtest.com
● Online free typing software/games – also include typing tips and techniques:– Nimblefingers (www.nimblefingers.com/) – various free Typing Tutors
(typingsoft.com/all_typing_tutors.htm) – GNU Typist (www.gnu.org/software/gtypist/#downloading)– Kiran’s Typing Tutor
(www.kiranreddys.com/products/typing.html)● On the CD: TypingTutor.exe (trial), sense.exe (free)
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Mouse Operations● Point● Click● Doubleclick● Drag● Point and Click● Click and Drag● Drag and Drop● Right-Click (context/
shortcut menu)● Scrolling
● Different forms:– Pointer(regular arrow)– Resizing (two-headed)– Moving (four-headed)– Insertion (I-beam)
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Mouse Operations - Practice
● Go through the bbc.co.uk tutorials again
● CD:– Follow your trainer's
instructions on how to install the file mousetr.exe found in the CD (under the folder downloads)
– Go through the lessons
● CD:– Follow your trainer's
instructions on how to install the various downloaded free games found in the CD (under the folder downloads).
– Use these games to practice your prowess with the mouse.
– e.g. Reflex, Gold Seeker, Poker
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Proper Handling of Computers
● Refer to separate slide presentation
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Linux Operating System
● Multi-taskinig● Multi-user● Portable:
accommodates multiple architectures
● Linux Distributions (page 17)– Red Hat– Fedora Core– Suse– Ubuntu– Debian– Mandrake– Bayanihan– etc.
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History of Linux
T i m e l i n e o f U N I X a n d L i n u x d e v e l op m e n t
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Edubuntu Linux
● Complete Linux-based OS for the education sector
● Includes:– KDE Edutainment Suite– GComprise– Tux4Kids– Schooltool– OpenOffice suite– Scribus– Blender– etc.
● GNOME– GNU Graphical Desktop
used as default desktop environment of Ubuntu
● Log In: username + password
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Desktop
V irtual D esktop
Trash
Icon s
R unning Ap pl i cat ions
Taskbar
D ate/Time P anel
W ork Area
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Application● Launch via the Application Starter (on the Panel)
– May use command line but needs expertiseM i n i m i z e , M a x i m i z e / R e s t o r e ,
C l o s e B u t t o n s
S c r o l l B a r s
T i t l e B a r
T o o l b a r
W o r k A r ea
S t a t u s B a r
M e n u B a r
B o r d e r s
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Working with Windows
● Open● Move● Resize● Switch from window
to window– mouse, window list
menu (middle mouse button), Taskbar, Alt+Tab, Ctrl+Tab
● Close
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HELP!
● Your first line of defense!● Immediate source of
assistance/tech support● Access from the shortcut
menu (right-click): – Help on Desktop
● Access from the Panel:– Question Mark icon
● Access from each application window
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Customizing the Desktop
● from the Panel, Preferences menu– User Image– Desktop
Background– Screensaver
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File Management
● File Browser (from the Panel: Places > Computer)
● File system: pyramid or inverted tree structure– (show diagram)– / = root directory/folder– Sample path– folder, subfolders, files– samples
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File Management
● Files vs. Folders● different file types
– Applications– Data files (different file
types & extensions)● Selecting files/folders● Displaying Content of
Folders– expand/collapse (arrow
beside icon)● Creating a New Folder
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File Management Exercise 1
1. File Browser – create a new folder in...(trainer-assigned)• Click on the folder icon to
rename it.• Name the folder iSchool
2. Panel: Open Office > Writer
3. Type your name on the blank document
4. Go to the File menu, select Save As• Select the iSchool folder• Name the file as try-a.odt
5. Go to the File menu, select New > Text Document.• Save the file as try-b.odt.
6. Repeat step # 5 three more times, save the files as • try-c.odt• try-d.odt• try-e.odt
respectively.
7. You should now have 5 files in the folder iSchool.
8. Close Writer.
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File Management
● source vs. destination● Selecting files/folders; contiguous; non-contiguous● Renaming Folders/Files● Copying Folders/Files: Copy-Paste, Drag & Drop● Moving Folders/Files: Cut-Paste● Deleting Folders/Files
– TRASH/ Recycle Bin: safety net for deleted files that need to be retrieved/ restored
● Must be emptied once in a while
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File Management Exercise 2
1. File Browser: • Expand the iSchool folder to view its contents (there
should be 5 files)• Collapse it, then expand it again for the next step.
2. Create a new subfolder in the iSchool folder and name it subok – it should appear in the same level as the five files.
3. Rename the folder subok to trial. Rename the file try-a.odt to trial-a.odt then bring it back to try-a.odt.
4. Select the files try-a.odt to try-e.odt simultaneously (click on first file then shift+click on last file)
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File Management Exercise 25. Select the files try-a.odt, try-d.odt, and try-e.odt
simultaneously (click, CTRL+click on next file)
6. Unselect the files.
7. Duplicate the file try-a.odt to the subfolder trial. Check the subfolder trial.
8. Move the file try-e.odt to the subfolder trial. See the difference?
9. Delete the file try-d.odt. Check the Trash bin – try to retrieve the file. • Try this with try-c.odt. Try it with the subfolder trial.
10. Delete the folder iSchool.
11. Empty the trash bin (permanent delete).
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Terminating a Linux Session
● Options:
1. Log Out
2. Shutdown
3. Restart
4. Hibernate
Commission on Information and Communications Technology
Thank you
END OF PRESENTATION