Commission on Information and Communications Technology ICT Basics and the Linux Operating System...

Commission on Information and Communications Technology

ICT BasicsICT Basicsand the Linux Operating Systemand the Linux Operating System

Learning Technologies Division

HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT GROUP

iSchools ICT Literacy Training for Teachers 2

Data vs. Information

● Data: a collection of independent raw facts

● Information: processed data made meaningful based on the needs of the user– Types of Information:

● Operational● Management● Strategic

● Desirable Qualities of Information:– Relevant– Complete– Timely– Accurate– Presentable– Cost effective


Data Processing Cycle

● Five Major Phases:– Origination– Input Preparation: Editing/Sorting, Coding, Verifying– Processing: Classifying, Sorting, Calculating, Summarizing– Output: Report Production, Commuicating– Feedback/Storage: Feedback, Storing, Retrieving

IN P UT P R O C E S S O UT P UT S O U R C E U S E R

D AT A IN FO

FE E D B AC K /C O NT R OL


Information and Communications Technology

Information Technology (IT) ● totality of means employed to

systematically collect, process, store, present, and share information, in support of human intellectual activities

● computers, data communications, office systems technologies,

● computing + communication

Communications Technology ● transmit information via a

network (LAN, WAN) to appropriate personnel for further processing and application


COMPUTER

CAPABILITIES● perform arithmetic and logical

operations at an extremely fast speed

● store or remember a great amount and variety of information and retrieve/recall the information needed almost instantly

● handle large volumes of repetitive tasks accurately over long periods of time

● communicate with its operators and other machines

● remote processing

LIMITATIONS● subject to human direction and

control (GIGO)● can detect but generally cannot

correct an inaccurate entry on their own

● subject to occasional breakdown or computer malfunctions because of power failures, computer failures, humidity, temperature, maintenance, time, etc

a digital electronic device that processes data through a series of commands into information for reproduction and storage


Computer System

1.Dataware: systematic and organized collection of data and procedures relevant to the organization

2.Hardware: physical/ tangible parts/ devices

3.Software: intermediary between computer users and the computer hardware; routines and programs, procedures and specialized aids that make the hardware components perform their functions

4.Peopleware: personnel who manage, design, and use the computer system


Hardware

im a g e f r om h t t p ://w w w .p c g u id e.c om /in t r o/ov er .h t m


Evolution of Computers (Hardware)

● Evolution of Computers slide presentation

● Generations– Vacuum tubes– Transistors– Integrated Circuits– Very Large-Scale

Integrated Circuits● Microminiaturization

● Trends– Cheaper– More efficient: faster

and more applications– Smaller– More Portable– Much easier to use– All-in-one devices


Hardware Devices● Data Preparation

Devices● Input Devices● System Case &

processing components– Motherboard– Interface cards– CPU: ALU, Control Unit

● Storage Devices– Primary Storage

● ROM, RAM– Secondary Storage

● Output Devices

– BBC Absolute Beginners' Guide to Using Your Computer● www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/abbeg/abbeg.shtml● www.bbc.co.uk/computertutor/index.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/abbeg/abbeg.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/computertutor/index.shtml


Software

● Application Software– Word Processors– Electronic Spreadsheets– Slide Presentations– Database Mgt Systems– Multimedia and Image

Editing Systems– Entertainment SW– Engineering Tools– Network and

Communications SW– etc.

● Systems Software– Language Processors/

Translators– Utility Programs– Operating Systems


Peopleware

● Administration● Project Manager ● Systems Analyst/Designer ● Network Engineer ● Network Administrator ● Database Administrator● Computer Engineer● Computer Programmer ● Computer Operator/ User/ Data Encoder


Keyboarding

● Enter or Return: moves the text insertion point or cursor to the next line and to the leftmost margin; also used to select an option

● Delete: erases the character to the right of the cursor and all highlighted or selected text

● Backspace: erases the character to the left of the cursor and all highlighted text

● Space Bar: moves the cursor one space at a time to the right

● Arrow keys: moves the cursor around the document without editing text


Keyboarding

● Shift key: pressed down to type the upper character on keys that has dual functions

● Caps Lock: locks the keyboard so that only capital letters are typed

● Tab: moves the cursor five spaces to the right (number of characters is adjustable) or next field in a form or a table; note: Shift+Tab to go to the previous field

● Esc: cancels the current/active command or dialog box● Function or F keys: used to access specially programmed

commands (e.g. F1 for Help)


Keyboarding

● Command keys: used in combination with other keys to function– Ctrl key: used to access specific commands (Ctrl+Z =

undo)– Alt key: used to access menus (e.g. Alt+F = File)– Shift key: when used in combination with arrow keys

and home/end key, used to navigate through text and objects faster

from www.grassrootsdesign.com/intro/input.php


Typing Software/Games● Free Online Typing Tests to measure one’s wpm:

– www.computerlab.kids.new.net/typing_test.htm– www.careerstep.com/typeintro.html– www.typingtest.com

● Online free typing software/games – also include typing tips and techniques:– Nimblefingers (www.nimblefingers.com/) – various free Typing Tutors

(typingsoft.com/all_typing_tutors.htm) – GNU Typist (www.gnu.org/software/gtypist/#downloading)– Kiran’s Typing Tutor

(www.kiranreddys.com/products/typing.html)● On the CD: TypingTutor.exe (trial), sense.exe (free)


Mouse Operations● Point● Click● Doubleclick● Drag● Point and Click● Click and Drag● Drag and Drop● Right-Click (context/

shortcut menu)● Scrolling

● Different forms:– Pointer(regular arrow)– Resizing (two-headed)– Moving (four-headed)– Insertion (I-beam)


Mouse Operations - Practice

● Go through the bbc.co.uk tutorials again

● CD:– Follow your trainer's

instructions on how to install the file mousetr.exe found in the CD (under the folder downloads)

– Go through the lessons

● CD:– Follow your trainer's

instructions on how to install the various downloaded free games found in the CD (under the folder downloads).

– Use these games to practice your prowess with the mouse.

– e.g. Reflex, Gold Seeker, Poker


Proper Handling of Computers

● Refer to separate slide presentation


Linux Operating System

● Multi-taskinig● Multi-user● Portable:

accommodates multiple architectures

● Linux Distributions (page 17)– Red Hat– Fedora Core– Suse– Ubuntu– Debian– Mandrake– Bayanihan– etc.


History of Linux

T i m e l i n e o f U N I X a n d L i n u x d e v e l op m e n t


Edubuntu Linux

● Complete Linux-based OS for the education sector

● Includes:– KDE Edutainment Suite– GComprise– Tux4Kids– Schooltool– OpenOffice suite– Scribus– Blender– etc.

● GNOME– GNU Graphical Desktop

used as default desktop environment of Ubuntu

● Log In: username + password


Desktop

V irtual D esktop

Trash

Icon s

R unning Ap pl i cat ions

Taskbar

D ate/Time P anel

W ork Area


Application● Launch via the Application Starter (on the Panel)

– May use command line but needs expertiseM i n i m i z e , M a x i m i z e / R e s t o r e ,

C l o s e B u t t o n s

S c r o l l B a r s

T i t l e B a r

T o o l b a r

W o r k A r ea

S t a t u s B a r

M e n u B a r

B o r d e r s


Working with Windows

● Open● Move● Resize● Switch from window

to window– mouse, window list

menu (middle mouse button), Taskbar, Alt+Tab, Ctrl+Tab

● Close


HELP!

● Your first line of defense!● Immediate source of

assistance/tech support● Access from the shortcut

menu (right-click): – Help on Desktop

● Access from the Panel:– Question Mark icon

● Access from each application window


Customizing the Desktop

● from the Panel, Preferences menu– User Image– Desktop

Background– Screensaver


File Management

● File Browser (from the Panel: Places > Computer)

● File system: pyramid or inverted tree structure– (show diagram)– / = root directory/folder– Sample path– folder, subfolders, files– samples


File Management

● Files vs. Folders● different file types

– Applications– Data files (different file

types & extensions)● Selecting files/folders● Displaying Content of

Folders– expand/collapse (arrow

beside icon)● Creating a New Folder


File Management Exercise 1

1. File Browser – create a new folder in...(trainer-assigned)• Click on the folder icon to

rename it.• Name the folder iSchool

2. Panel: Open Office > Writer

3. Type your name on the blank document

4. Go to the File menu, select Save As• Select the iSchool folder• Name the file as try-a.odt

5. Go to the File menu, select New > Text Document.• Save the file as try-b.odt.

6. Repeat step # 5 three more times, save the files as • try-c.odt• try-d.odt• try-e.odt

respectively.

7. You should now have 5 files in the folder iSchool.

8. Close Writer.


File Management

● source vs. destination● Selecting files/folders; contiguous; non-contiguous● Renaming Folders/Files● Copying Folders/Files: Copy-Paste, Drag & Drop● Moving Folders/Files: Cut-Paste● Deleting Folders/Files

– TRASH/ Recycle Bin: safety net for deleted files that need to be retrieved/ restored

● Must be emptied once in a while


File Management Exercise 2

1. File Browser: • Expand the iSchool folder to view its contents (there

should be 5 files)• Collapse it, then expand it again for the next step.

2. Create a new subfolder in the iSchool folder and name it subok – it should appear in the same level as the five files.

3. Rename the folder subok to trial. Rename the file try-a.odt to trial-a.odt then bring it back to try-a.odt.

4. Select the files try-a.odt to try-e.odt simultaneously (click on first file then shift+click on last file)


File Management Exercise 25. Select the files try-a.odt, try-d.odt, and try-e.odt

simultaneously (click, CTRL+click on next file)

6. Unselect the files.

7. Duplicate the file try-a.odt to the subfolder trial. Check the subfolder trial.

8. Move the file try-e.odt to the subfolder trial. See the difference?

9. Delete the file try-d.odt. Check the Trash bin – try to retrieve the file. • Try this with try-c.odt. Try it with the subfolder trial.

10. Delete the folder iSchool.

11. Empty the trash bin (permanent delete).


Terminating a Linux Session

● Options:

1. Log Out

2. Shutdown

3. Restart

4. Hibernate

Commission on Information and Communications Technology

Thank you

END OF PRESENTATION

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