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Client /Server Building Blocks
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Client ,Server ,Middleware
Architecture is applied to construction of
building . These building blocks can be rearranged to use
them in the following situations:
In C/S architecture ,we have to decide
How an application is split in Client ,Server What function goes on client & on Sever
Can Client /Server Play at home
Can Client /server Accommodate business of all
sizes .
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Client/Server for Tiny Shops and
Nomadic Tribes
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It is easy to run the client and server portionof an application on the same machine.
Vendors can easily package single-userversions of a client/server application.
The business critical client/server application
runs on one machine and does someoccasional communications with outsideservers to exchange data, refresh a databaseand send or receive mail and faxes. Ex:Internet.
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Only OS has to be chosen properly .
An office with one server cancommunicate with outside server .(e.g
.internet ).
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Client /Server for small shops &
Departments
The client/server architecture is particularly well-
suited for the LAN-based single server
establishments.
It consists of multiple clients talking to a local server.
This is the model used in small businesses.
The single-server nature of the model tends to keep
the middleware simple.
The client only needs to look into a configuration file
to find its servers name.
Security is implemented at the machine level and
kept quite simple.
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The network is usually relatively easy to
administer; its a part-time job for amember of the group.
There are no complex interactions
between servers, so it is easy to identify
failures- theyre either on the client or onthe local server.
E.gs corporate ,branch office of banks
Fax & Mail can be sent thro Mail server
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Middleware
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Client /Server for Intergalactic
enterprises
Mix and heterogeneous servers .
Internet ,Intranet
Client /Server are upwardly scalable .
When more processing power is needed for various
intergalactic functions, more servers can be added,
or the existing server machine can be traded up for
the latest generation of superserver machine
For multiservers ,low-cost, high speed bandwidth .
The servers can be partitioned based on the function
they provide, the resource they control, or the
database they own
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Middleware creates a common view of all the
services on the network called a singlesystem image.
Good middleware with features like network
directory ,RPC ,network time services .
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Client /Server for post scarcity world .
Every machine is both a client and a full-function server.
Because every machine is a full-function server, it willrun, at a minimum, a file server, database server,workflow agent, TP Monitor, and Web server - allconnected via an ORB.
This is in addition to all the client software and
middleware.
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In next few years, a hundred million
machines or more may be running almostall the forms of client/server software
In this model instead of mobile agents,
personal agents will be used.
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Building Blocks
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The Client building block
The Client Building Block
Runs the client side of the application It runs on the OS that provides a GUI or an OOUI
and that can access distributed services,
wherever they may be.
The client also runs a component of the
Distributed System Management (DSM) element.
Runs client side of the application .
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The server Building block The Server Building Block
Runs the server side of the application
The server application typically runs on top of someshrink-wrapped server software package.
The five contending server platforms for creating thenext generation of client/server applications are SQLdatabase severs, TP Monitors, groupware servers,Object servers and the Web server.
The server side depends on the OS to interface withthe middleware building block.
The server also runs DSM component
It may be a simple agent or a shared object database
etc
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The Middleware Building Block
Runs on both the client and server sides of anapplication
This broken into three category
Transport Stacks
NOS
Service-specific middleware
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Middleware is the nervous system of the
client/server infrastructure This also has the DSM component
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DSM (Distributed System Management)
Runs on every node in the client/server
network. A managing workstation collects information
from all its agents on the network and
displays it graphically.
The managing workstation can also instructits agents to perform actions on its behalf.
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Server-to-server Middleware
Server-to-server interactions are usuallyclient/server in nature - servers are clients to
other servers. However, some server-to-server interactions
require specialized server middleware. Forexample, Two-Phase commit protocol may be
used to coordinate a transaction that executeson multiple servers.
Servers on mail backbone will use specialserver-to-server middleware for doing store-
and-forward type messaging.
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But most modern software follows theclient/server paradigm
Middleware doesnt include the s/w that
provides actual service .
It has s/w that is used to coordinate
interserver interactions .
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The web as Middleware
The web initially consisted of a messaging andtransport protocol (http), an addressing scheme,a multimedia standard for document elements(MIME), and a human-readable markuplanguage called HTML .All of these componentsworked under the TCP/IP transport stack. The
connectionless transport protocol, and theability to create hypertext links betweendocuments, produced a relatively lightweight,flexible, environment for very low cost electronic
publishing.
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Server-to server Middleware .
Middleware doesnt include the s/w that
provides actual service . It has s/w that is used to coordinate
interserver interactions .
Servertoserver interactions are usually
Client/server in nature .
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