Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand Fungi
Section 1 ProtistsSection 1 Protists
Section 1 – ProtistsSection 1 – ProtistsObjectivesObjectives
After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Describe the characteristics of animal Describe the characteristics of animal
like, funguslike, and plantlike protistslike, funguslike, and plantlike protists
Section 1 Protists VocabSection 1 Protists Vocab
u 1. protozoan1. protozoan
An animal-like protist.An animal-like protist.
u 2. pseudopod2. pseudopod
A “false foot” or temporary bulge of A “false foot” or temporary bulge of the cell membrane used for feeding the cell membrane used for feeding and movement in some protozoans. and movement in some protozoans.
u 3. contractile vacuole3. contractile vacuole
The cell structure that collects extra The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell. expels it from the cell.
u 4. cilia4. cilia
The hairlike projections on the The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a outside of cells that move in a wavelike mannerwavelike manner
u 5. symbiosis5. symbiosis
A close relationship between two A close relationship between two organisms in which at least one of organisms in which at least one of the organisms benefits. the organisms benefits.
u 6. mutualism6. mutualism
A type of symbiosis in which both A type of symbiosis in which both partners benefit from living partners benefit from living together.together.
u sporespore
A tiny cell that is able to grow into a A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.new organism.
u 8. alga8. alga
A plantlike protist.A plantlike protist.
u 9. pigment9. pigment
A chemical that produces color. A chemical that produces color.
NotesNotes
u 1. Three Groups of Protists:1. Three Groups of Protists:
– AA
– BB
– CC
Protozoans with Cilia
Protozoans with Flagella
Protozoans with Pseudopods
u 2. _________________________ 2. _________________________
move and feed by formingmove and feed by forming
________________.________________.
Sarcodines (a group of protozoans)
pseudopods
u 3. A __________________________ 3. A __________________________
is an animal like protist that uses is an animal like protist that uses
____________________ to move.____________________ to move.
Ciliates
cilia
u 4. ______________________ are 4. ______________________ are
parasites that feed on cells and parasites that feed on cells and
_________________ of their hosts._________________ of their hosts.
Sporozoans
Body fluids
u 5. Like fungi, funguslike protists are 5. Like fungi, funguslike protists are _______________________, have _______________________, have _____________, and use _____________, and use ____________________ to ____________________ to ____________________. Unlike fungus ____________________. Unlike fungus they are able to they are able to _____________________._____________________.
heterotrophsCell walls
sporesreproduce
move
u 6. Three types of Funguslike protists:6. Three types of Funguslike protists:
– A.A.
– B.B.
– C.C.
Water Molds
Downy Mildews
Slime Molds
u 7. _________________________ is a 7. _________________________ is a
common plant like protist found at the common plant like protist found at the
beach.beach.
seaweed
u 8. The one characteristic that all 8. The one characteristic that all algae algae
share is that they are all share is that they are all
_____________________________._____________________________.autotrophs
u 9. Three uses of diatoms:9. Three uses of diatoms:
– A.A.
– B.B.u http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNM3AfGPHfwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNM3AfGPHfw
– C.C.
Polishing agents
once added to toothpaste
In swimming pool filters
u 10. ______________________, which is 10. ______________________, which is extracted from _______ algae is used extracted from _______ algae is used in products such as in products such as ________________________.________________________.
Carrageenan
red
Ice creams and hair conditioners
u 11. Brown algae is used in products 11. Brown algae is used in products such such
as _____________ and as _____________ and
__________________.__________________.
puddings
Salad dressings
Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand Fungi
Section 2: Algal BloomsSection 2: Algal Blooms
Section 2 – Algal BloomsSection 2 – Algal BloomsObjectivesObjectives
u After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Describe how red tides occur and Describe how red tides occur and
explain why they are dangerousexplain why they are dangerous– Explain how the rapid growth of algae Explain how the rapid growth of algae
affects ponds in a lake.affects ponds in a lake.
Section 2 Algal Blooms Section 2 Algal Blooms VocabVocab
u 1. algal bloom1. algal bloom
The rapid growth of a population of The rapid growth of a population of algae.algae.
u 2. red tide2. red tide
An algal bloom that occurs in salt An algal bloom that occurs in salt water.water.
u 3. eutrophication3. eutrophication
The buildup over time of nutrients in The buildup over time of nutrients in freshwater lakes and ponds that freshwater lakes and ponds that leads to an increase in the growth of leads to an increase in the growth of algae.algae.
NotesNotes
u 1. ____________________ and 1. ____________________ and
__________________ are two types of__________________ are two types of
algae that bloom in red tides.algae that bloom in red tides.
Dinoflagellates
diatoms
u 2. Explain why red tides are 2. Explain why red tides are dangerous.dangerous.
The toxins that the algae produces may lead to serious illness or death to the organisms that consume the algae.
u 3. Two natural and human activities 3. Two natural and human activities that increase the rate of that increase the rate of eutrophication are:eutrophication are:
– A.A.
– B. B.
Fertilizers spread on fields that can make their way to nearby lakes and ponds
Poorly designed or aging septic tanks can leak their contents in the soil
Chapter 3 Protists Chapter 3 Protists and Fungiand FungiSection 3 FungiSection 3 Fungi
Section 3 – FungiSection 3 – FungiObjectivesObjectives
u After this lesson, you should be able After this lesson, you should be able to:to:– Name the characteristics that all fungi Name the characteristics that all fungi
shareshare– Describe how fungi obtain foodDescribe how fungi obtain food– List the roles fungi play in the living List the roles fungi play in the living
worldworld– Describe the ways that fungi reproduceDescribe the ways that fungi reproduce
Section 3 Fungi VocabSection 3 Fungi Vocab
u 1. hypha1. hypha
One of many branching, threadlike One of many branching, threadlike tubes that make up the body of a tubes that make up the body of a fungus.fungus.
u 2. fruiting body2. fruiting body
The reproductive hypha of a fungus.The reproductive hypha of a fungus.
u 3. budding3. budding
A form of asexual reproduction of A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new yeast cell grows yeast in which a new yeast cell grows out of the body of a parent. out of the body of a parent.
u 4. lichen4. lichen
The combination of a fungus and The combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship.mutualistic relationship.
NotesNotes
u 1. Three characteristics of fungi1. Three characteristics of fungi
– A.A.
– B.B.
– C. C.
They are eukaryotes
Use spores to reproduce
They are heterotrophs
u 2. Explain how fungi obtain their 2. Explain how fungi obtain their food:food:
* First, the fungus grows hyphae into a food source.
* Then digestive chemicals ooze from the tips of the hyphae into the food.
*The digestive chemicals break down the food into small substances that can be absorbed by the hyphae
u 3. The four groups of fungi:3. The four groups of fungi:
u **
u **
u **
u **
Threadlike Fungi
Sac Fungi
Club Fungi
Imperfect Fungi
u 4. Three ways fungi help us:4. Three ways fungi help us:
– A.A.
– B.B.
– C.C.
Environmental recycling - decomposers
Food . Example – yeast cells use the sugar in the dough for food and produce carbon dioxide
Fights some diseases . Example: fungus Penicillin produces a substance that kills the bacteria growing near it.
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