Chapter 16 Section 2 THE EARLY YEARS OF THE CIVIL WAR
Slide 2
Historians have called the Civil War at least 30 names. Here
are just a few: The War for Southern Independence The War for
States Rights The War of Secession The Great Rebellion The War
Against Slavery The War for the Union The War of the North and
South The War of the Blue and Gray Mr. Lincolns War The War of
Northern Aggression LOTS OF NAMES FOR THE SAME EVENT!
Slide 3
Officially, it was the War of the Rebellion because the U.S.
government considered the Southern states rebelling. Southern
states didnt agree to it because they felt secession was
constitutional! Civil War also wasnt acceptable because Southern
states saw themselves as an independent nation Compromise: War
Between the States name was adopted by many as a compromise NORTH
AND SOUTH COULDNT EVEN AGREE ON THE NAME OF THE WAR!
Slide 4
It has an alternate name: Manassas WHO: Gen McDowell (Union)
vs. Gen Beauregard and Stonewall Jackson both Confederates WHEN:
July, 1861 WHERE: near Manassas Junction, Virginia WHAT HAPPENED:
Union troops pushed the Confederates back, then inspired by
Stonewall Jackson Confederates led a counterattack. Confederates
made an unearthly scream that became to be known as the REBEL YELL.
Union troops were terrified and dropped their guns and retreated
back to Washington D.C. OUTCOME: Confederates won and they thought
they would be close to end the war! The North was shocked and
realized the war would take longer than expected. President Lincoln
called for more volunteers to enlist. FIRST BATTLE AT BULL RUN
Slide 5
The Norths goal was to create a naval blockade southern ports.
The blockade would prevent the sell of cotton and block southern
imports. North did not want the South to be able to make money.
WHY? Unfortunately for the North: They didnt have enough ships to
block the southern ports. Southern ships were able to go in and out
of ports...they were called Blockade Runners. WAR AT SEA
Slide 6
WHO: CSS Virginia (former Merrimack) vs. The Unions Monitor
WHEN: March 9 th, 1862 WHERE: on the Potomac River WHAT HAPPENED:
Ships exchanged fire for 3 hours! Both ships took about 2 dozen
hits and eventually ended when both sides were too exhausted to
fight anymore! MONITOR VS. MERRIMACK
Slide 7
GOAL: North wanted to capture important railway junction at
Corinth Mississippi. Battle took place about 20 miles north of the
junction near a church called Shiloh. WHO: Gen. Grant (North) vs.
Johnston and Beauregard (South) WHEN: April 6 th, 1862 WHERE:
Shiloh, Tennessee BATTLE OF SHILOH: AKA PITTSBURG LANDING OR BLOODY
SHILOH
Slide 8
WHAT HAPPENED: The Confederates led a surprise attack on the
Union Troops. The battle lasted 2 days, one of the bloodiest!
Combined casualties of 20,000+ and Gen Johnston was killed.
Soldiers were lying in the rain, waiting for medical helpthe Bloody
Pond. OUTCOME: South retreated and the Union won and then took
control of Corinth Mississippi and then Memphis Tennesseecloser to
controlling Mississippi River. Why important? Its ironic that
Shiloh in Hebrew means Place of Peace. BLOODY SHILOH CONTINUED
Slide 9
GOAL: North wanted to capture the city get closer to taking
control of the Mississippi River WHO: D. Farragut (Union Navy)
WHEN: April 25 th, 1862 WHERE: New Orleans, Louisiana WHAT
HAPPENED: The Union Navy was able to capture the largest city in
the South! Rebels could no longer carry goods to the Gulf of Mexico
for tradingone step closer to controlling all of the Mississippi
River! BATTLE AT NEW ORLEANS
Slide 10
GOAL: Union wants to capture Richmond because it was the
capital of the Confederacy WHO: McClellan (Union) vs. Lee and Jeb
Stuart (Confederates) WHEN: June 1862 WHAT HAPPENED: Stuart had his
scouts gather information about the Norths position...only 1 died.
Then Stuarts troops circled around McClellans men. Gen Lee was able
to push Union troops to James River. OUTCOME: Union failed to take
capital, disheartened the North and the Souths morale increased.
SEVEN DAYS BATTLE (RICHMOND)
Slide 11
GOAL: Souths President J. Davis ordered Confed. troops to take
the offense and attack into Maryland- a border state (close to
Washington DC!) If the South won then they were hopeful that France
and England would aid the South and encourage people of Maryland to
join the Confederacy. WHO: Gen Lee (South) vs. McClellan (North)
WHEN: Sept 17 th, 1862 WHERE: Sharpsburg, Maryland- along Antietam
Creek WHAT HAPPENED: Single bloodiest day of the entire war! 6,000
killed and 17,000 wounded. Gen Lee retreated to Virginia. North
claimed the victory. ANTIETAM (AKA SHARPSBURG)
Slide 12
Gen. McClellan is fired because he did not follow Pres.
Lincolns orders. He was told to follow Confed. troops but did not.
A. Burnside will take control of the Union troops afterwards.
ANTIETAM CONTINUED