- 1. Bulgarian Kaval FIRST WORLD FLUTES FESTIVAL MENDOZA,
ARGENTINA 2009 Presented by Nikolay Doktorov Kaval player,
conductor and teacher
2. The Kaval
- T raditionalmusical instrument inBulgaria
- One of the oldest national folklore instruments
NIKOLAY DOKTOROVBULGARIAN KAVAL MENDOZA,ARGENTINA 2009 3. The
Republic of Bulgaria EUROPE Bulgaria
4.
The Republic of Bulgaria 5. History of Kaval KAVAL (Turkey)
KAVAL (Macedonia) DZAMARA (Greece) CAVAL (Romania) KAVALL (Albania)
BLUR (Armenia) NEY (Arab countries)
- Exact origins unknown (scarce data)
- Predecessors probably Egyptian, Syrian, later Greek wind
instruments
- Etymology- Long wooden shepherds wistle (from Turkish). Also
called dzamara, blur and ney
- Development melodies passed on through generations by ear at
folklore competitions, gatherings, festivals in Bulgaria and around
the world
6. Structure of Kaval
Upper first part withoutholes Middle second part with 8 holes
Third part with 4 holes. Also known as dushnitzi or devil holes.
Not used by the performer Thumb hole 7. Producing sound
- Held with both hands, at an angle of approx. 45 o
- Circular open end goes under lower lip and above upper lip on
the right side of the mouth (lips are pursed in the form of a
circle)
- Air flows directly from the throat into the kaval at an
angle
- Air hits the inside walls of the kaval and thus sound is
produced
- Change of air pressure produces change of pitch
8. Finger Positioning 9. Registers and Timbre
- Registers kaval has 3 registers which determine its range, 2
octaves and 6 tones:
Low register Middle register High register Small octave (+ first
octave played simultaneously) II (second) octave 6 tones
- Timbre kaval has many different timbers; some examples
are:
kaba pp clarinet incomplete low register: from D (I octave) to B
(I octave) between kaba and timber of the middle register; very
mild, light tone low register flute middle register 10. Technical
Characteristics
- D-kaval the most widely spread kaval in Bulgaria (length =
64cm)
- Playing technique depending on the difficulty of the musical
composition might include
-
- vibrato, staccato, triller, mordent, forschlag, ligatures,
glissando
-
- hlopki, different dynamics
- for longer and more complex phrases:
- the high number of registers allows jumps in upward and
downward direction
11. Kaval Types and Their Characteristics Different size and
usage: A B H C# C D E
- used for solo playing or accompaniment of singers
- old kaval masters used to play with these kavals
- most widely spread kavals today
- used mainly for education of younger children
12. Bulgarian Kaval Performers and Teachers
13. Anil Payakovya NN
Bulgarian Kaval Performers and Teachers 14. f Makers of
Bulgarian folk instruments
- Today, very few people make Bulgarian folk instruments
consistent with the requirements for quality and sound
correctness
- one of the best materials for kaval is cornel wood; kavals can
also be made of plum, boxwood, and other types of wood
Encho Pashov Apostol Apostolov Zhecho Marinov Dimitar Genchev
Slavi Ivanov Petar Borisov Tzvyatko Damyanov Ivan Parushev Veselin
Hasabaliev 15. Place of the Kaval in the Folklore Life of Bulgaria
16. The Folk Music Music one of the universal international
languages. Folk musicthe most precious
nationaltreasureforeverynation. Letslove, preserve and develop our
national folk music.