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INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SEMINAR
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INDEX1. INTRODUCTION
2. SONOLUMINESENCE
3. IDEA OF SONOFUSION
4. BASIC REQUIREMENT5. WORKING OF SONOFUSION
6. ACTION IN THE FLASK
7. FUSION REACTION
8. ADVANTAGES9. APPLICATION
10. FUTURE SCOPE
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INTRODUCTION
The power generation is based on principle ofsonofusion.Sonofusion was derived from a related
phenomenon, sonoluminescence.At one day it may become a revolutionary new
energy source.
Sonofusion Research team from various
organizations have joined forces to formedacoustic fusion technology energy consortium(AFTEC) in Jan14,2005 to promote thedevelopment of sonofusion.
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SONOLUMINESCENCE
When a gas bubble in liquid is excited by anultrasonic acoustic waves, it can emit short flashes oflight of extreme temperatures inside the bubble.
These flashes of light, known as sonoluminescence,occur as the bubble implodes.Chemical reactions occurs &yield of photons and ions
formedGas bubbles in liquid convert sound energy into
liquid.It is also called as single bubble sonoluminescenece
involve a single gas bubble trapped inside flask by apressure field.
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THE IDEA OF SONOFUSION
Technically known as acoustic inertial confinementfusion.
it is derived from a related phenomenon
sonoluminesence In sonofusion, the piezoelectric crystal attached to a
liquid-filled flask which send pressure waves throughthe fluid, exciting the motion of tiny gas bubbles.
High temperatures and pressure compress the interiorbubble.
This leading to conditions suitable for thermonuclearfusion.
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BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR SONOFUSION
1. Vacuum pump
2. Liquid Scintillator
3. Neutron source
4. Wave generator5. Chamber liquid
6. Microphone & Speaker
7. Photomultiplier tube
8. Dueterated acetone(C3D6O)9. Piezoelectic crystal
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HOW SONOFUSION WORKS
Action of vacuum pump to remove natural occuring gasbubbles in liquid because they cant withstand hightemparature&presure.
Fill the flask with deuterated acetone because this atoms
can easily undergoes fusion&fluid can withstand hightension without unwanted bubble.
For initiation an oscillating voltage of 20kHz applied tothe ring through wave generator&lifier, then itcontract&expand, flask send pressure wave(max
1500kpa ,min -1500kpa) through liquid.Fire a pulsed neutron generator when pressure reaches to
lowest point.
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ACTION IN THE FLASK
Stage (1)
The fast moving
neutrons may knock
atoms nuclei&give theirkinetic energy to liquid
molecules flying in the
flask create a bubble
cluster(about 1000
bubbles) in the
deuterated acetone
liquid.
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Stage (2)
By firing neutron
generator in low
pressure i.e, negative
pressure in the liquidmakes the bubbles swell
100000 times in size
(from nano to
millimeter-scale).
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Stage (3)The liquid pressure turns
positive and compresses
the bubble, causing them
to implode with great
violence&creates
spherical shockwaves
within bubbles.
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Stage(4)The implosion creates an
instantaneous pressure of
10 trillion kilopascalsand temperature of more
than 100 million degree
C, making the deuterium
fuse.
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FUSION REACTION
Deuterium-Deuterium fusion has two probableoutputs, helium and a 2.45-MeV neutron or tritiumand a proton.
The energy of 2.45MeV neutron can be harnessed in areactor to create water vapor &drive an electricitygenerator.
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ADVANTAGESIt is self sustaining.
Easily control.
Produce more energy than it consumes.Low cost.
Easily available raw materials.
Environmental friendly.
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APPLICATIONSCompact detectors for security applications.
To analyze molecular structure of materials.
Machines that cheaply manufacture new synthetic
materials & efficiently produce tritium, which is used formedical imaging to watch dials.
1 gram of deuterium,an isotope of hydrogen,would be
equal to produced by burning 7000liters of gasoline.
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FUTURE SCOPE
The technology might one day, in theory, lead to a
new source of energy. It may result in a new class of
low cost energy.
To Create a full-size electricity producing nuclear
generator.
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CONCLUSION For more than half a century, thermonuclear fusion has
held out the promise of cheap, clean and virtually limitless
energy.
1 gram of deuterium,an isotope of hydrogen,would be
equal to produced by burning 7000liters of gasoline.
Deuterium abundent in ocean water ,1 cubic kilometer of
seawater could supply all the worlds needs for severalhundred years.
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REFERENCE
www.purdue.edu
www.iter.org
www.washington.edu
Fuels& combustion-samir sarkarPrinciples of inorganic chemistry-puri,sharma,kalia.
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THANK YOU
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