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Introductionasic Concept ofComputer NetworkBITS edu campus
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Definition of Computer network
A Computer networkis a collection of computers and
devices Connected together via communication
devicesand transmission media. For example it myconnect computers, printers and scanners.
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Definition of Network Communication
Communicationdescribes a process in which two or more
computer, devicestransfer data, instructions and
information.
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Advantage of Computer networks Sharing of Devicessuch as printer and scanner Sharing program/ software Sharing files Sharing data Sharing information Sharing of single high-speed internet
connection Better communicationusing internet services
such as email, mailing list and internet Relate chat(IRC)
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Disadvantage of Computer Network The larger network becomes, the more difficult it
is to manage.
If the network stops operating system, then it maynot be possible to access various resources
Computer Viruses: If any computer system in a
network gets affected by computer virus, there isa possible threat of other systems getting affected
too.
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Sharing DataFile server contains documents
used by other computers.
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Types of Network
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Local Area Network (LAN)
A local area networkis a network that connectscomputers and devices in a limited geographically
areasuch as a home, school computer laboratory,
office building.
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Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) is high speed
network that connect local area network in MetropolitanAreasuch as city or townand handles bulk of
communication activity across the region. A MAN typically includes one or more LAN but covers a
smaller geographically area than a WAN.
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Wide Area Network (WAN)
Wide Area Network is a network that covers a largegeographically areasuch countryor the world
WAN combines many types of media such as telephonelines, cables and radio wave.
A WAN can be one large network or can consist of two ormore LANs connected together.
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Difference Between the types of Computer
network
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Network Architecture
Network Architectureis the over alldesign ofa computernetwork that describes how acomputer network is configured and whatstrategies are being used.
It also know as network modelor networkdesign.
Two main network architecture:
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Server and Clients
A network server is a computer designed to process
requests and deliver data to other (client) computers
over a local network or the Internet. A Clientis a computer that
retrieves information
from or uses resources
provided by a server
or main computer.
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Difference Between Server, Client and Peer
to Peer
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Network Communication Technology State the types of network communication technology:
i) Intranet
ii) Extranet
iii) Internet
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Types of Network Communication
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Intranet An intranet is a private network within an organization that
resembles the internet.
organizations use intranets to provide information to theiremployees.
typical applications include electronic telephone directories,
email addresses,
employee information,
internal job openings
and much more.
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Extranet
Is a private network that connects more than oneorganizations
many organizations use the internet technologies to allow
suppliers, customers and business partner limited access to
their network
the purpose is to increase efficiency and reduce costs
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Internet
is a public network
it is worldwide collection of networks that links million of
business, government agencies, educational institution and
individuals. internet users can access service like web browsing, email, file
transfer, mailing list, chat rooms, instant messaging and
newsgroups.
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Difference Between Internet, Intranet and Extranet
Differences Intranet Extranet Internet
Used for Private Private Public
Types of users Provide information
for organization
employees
Provide information to
suppliers, customers
and business partner
Provide
information for
public
Usages Telephone
directories, internal
job opening,
employee information
Access data, check
status, place orders,
send email
Access all kinds of
information
Security High Use virtual private
network (VPN)
technology to
communication over the
internet more secure
Loose
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TH NK`SNYQUESTION
Prepared by: EngAbdirahman Hassan Nour Golis University Berbera
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