AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR DECISION SCIENCES
PROCEEDINGS
Twelfth Annual Meetingof the
American Institute for Decision Sciences
Las Vegas, Nevada
November 5-7, 1980
Volume 2
Proceedings CoordinatorJames C. Hershauer
Arizona State University
Program ChairpersonRonald J. Ebert
University of Missouri-ColumbiaUB/TIB Hannover- 89
119 218 402
TABLE OF CONTENTSVolume 2
PRODUCTION/OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
SymposiumVehicle Routing and Scheduling—The State of the Art 1
William E. Hardy, Jr.
Production PlanningA Comparison of Multiple Criteria Solutions of Large-Scale Flow Shop Scheduling Problems 3
Arthur W. Smith and Edward F. Stafford, Jr.The Relationship Between Product Structure and Multistage Lot Sizes: A Preliminary Analysis 6
Lee J. Krajewski, Larry P. Ritzman, and Danny S. WongProduction Planning for Master Slab Casters in the Steel Industry 9
Mark A. Vonderembse
SymposiumMaster Planning 12
Donald W. Fogarty
SymposiumProduction and Operations Management Curriculum Innovations: A Symposium 13
Allan D. Schuster
LogisticsAn Allocation Technique with Tradeoffs Between Total Cost and Arc Flows 15
Charles J. Teplitz
Estimating and Auditing Aggregate Inventory Levels at Multiple Stocking Points 18
Ronald A. Ballou
MRP as a Multilevel Distribution Status and Planning Model 20
John G. Carlson, Roger B. Glaser, Warren J. Erkson, and Karl E. Dickel
SymposiumOperations Management and the Economics of Energy: A Symposium 23
James A. Fitzsimmons and Robert S. Sullivan
Organizational Issues in P/OM
Describing a Production Management System, or, "The Blind Men and the Elephant" 26
Michael C. Burstein and Mariann Jelinek
Service OperationsA Requirements Planning System for the Space Shuttle Operations Schedule 29
Earle Steinberg, William B. Lee, and Basheer M. Khumawala
Determining Electronic Point of Sale Cash Register Requirements 32
Michael J. Maggard
Managing Aircraft Modification Overhaul Production: A Simulation Approach 35
Thomas D. Clark, Jr., and Woodrow Fulton
Symposium
Conceptualizing and Implementing Multiple Criteria Decisions in Production Management 38
John J. Bernardo
Project Management
Auditing the Project 39
Herbert F. Spirer and A. G. Hulvey
Control Variate Simulation of Stochastic Project Networks 41
Robert S. Sullivan and Jack C. Hayya
Multi-Project Scheduling: Categorization of Heuristic Rules Performance Under Unequal Delay Penalties 43
Ibrahim Kurtulus
Process DesignStochastic Flow Line Architecture: A Systematic Assessment of the Effects
of Compound Imbalance Upon Performance 46
William W. Williams
Designing Mixed-Model Assembly Lines 49
John F. Kottas and Hon-Shiang Lau
iii
The Effect of Buffer Storage Size and Unbalanced Allocation of Stochastic Task Times
on Unpaced Production Line Efficiency 52
Timothy L. Cmunt and William C. Perkins
Material Requirements PlanningOn Auditing a Requirements Planning System 55
Satish Mehra and M. Jerry Reid
Health Service Operations
Disaggregation in Detail Scheduling of Part-Time Employees for Multiple Service Locations 57
Stephen E. Bechtold
The Merits of Group Purchasing in the Hospital Industry 60
William O. Cleverley, Paul C. Nutt, and Jon H. Carlson
The Applications of Statistical Control Charts to Monitor Hospital Utilization ., 63Robert B. Fetter and Jean L. Freeman
PUBLIC/NONPROFIT ADMINISTRATION
Workshop
Strategies and Tools for Increasing Productivity in Higher Education: Academic Administration Workshop 66
George R. Bateman and Carl R. Adams
Public/Nonprofit Sector Programs and Policies
Social Program Evaluation Revised: The WIC Program 67Paul C. Nutt and Mitchel Wheeler
A Simulation Approach to Policy Analysis in Public-Sector Decisional Structures 70
Thomas D. Clark, Jr., and William A. Shrode
Optimal Investigation Policies Under Selected PSRO Utilization Review Procedures:
A Profile Analysis of Feasible Parameter Sets, 73
David A. Dittman
Faculty Reward Systems and Rank Distribution
A Multivariate Approach to Analyzing Faculty Reward Systems in Institutions of Higher Education 76Louis R. Concordia and James R. Burns
Public/Nonprofit Applications of Goal ProgrammingEducational Output Goals and Implementation Strategies in Public School Finance 79
Gary R. Reeves, James R. Sweigart, and Elchanan Cohn
Goal Programming Applied to Municipal Government Pension Systems 82
F. Theodore Helmer and Shirley F. Olson
An Integer Goal Programming Model for Decision Making in the University Setting 85Arthur J. Keown and Bernard W. Taylor III
Commitment, Authority, and Bargaining in the Public/Nonprofit Sector
Public Sector Multilateral Collective Bargaining: An Indifference Analysis Approach 88Terry L. Leap and Terence A. Oliva
Organizational Commitment: Interrelationships with Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction,Professional Behavior, and Organizational Climate 91
Harold P. Welsch and Helen LaVan
SymposiumA Symposium Presenting Papers on: Effective Decisions in Police Administration 94
John M. Jermier
Quantitative Applications (o the Public/Nonprofit Sector
Predictive Sociographic Modeling and Rural Food Stamp Participation 97E. Garland Keesling and R. M. Cosenza
Item Analysis Weights vs. Discriminate Analysis Weights: Model Building and Model Testing 100Warren S. Blumenfeld, Dwight Tabor, and Aprile M. Holland
Attitudinal and Behavioral Issues in Public/Nonprofit AdministrationA Combined Leave Benefit System for the Control of Absenteeism in Health Care Organizations 103
George O. Schneller, IV, Richard E. Kopelman, and John J. Silver, Jr.
Operant Leadership-Satisfaction Relationships Across Hospital Occupational Levels 106Kent E. Curran and William Higginbotham
iv
An Investigation of the Generalizability of Leader Reward Behavior in Public Sector Agencies 109Kent E. Curran, Jerry A. Wallin, and Michael H. Peters
Economic Issues in Public/Nonprofit Administration
A Theory of Subsidy—Efficiency in Mass Transportation 112
Darold T. Barnum and John M. Gleason
Symposium
Politics and the Implementation of Computerized Information Systems in Local Government 115Janet Fulk Schriesheim
QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES/METHODOLOGY
Symposium
System Dynamics: Philosophy, Technology, and Application 118J. Kenneth White
Tutorial
A Tutorial on Latent Trait Theory 121
John D. Arnold
Integer ProgrammingFixed Charge Transportation Problems and Equivalent Integer Programming 123
S. Selcuk Erenguc and A. Victor Cabot
Improving Suboptimal Solutions to Multiconstrained Knapsack Problems 126
Charles S. Parker and Harlan B. Stenn
Solving Mixed Integer Programming Problems with Khachian's Ellipsoid Technique 128
F. Robert Jacobs and Basheer M. Khumawala
Scheduling Problems
Project Scheduling with Resource Constraints: A Goal Programming Approach 131Alan H. Kvanli and James J. Buckley
An Algorithm for Single Machine, Two Due Dates Weighted Tardiness Scheduling Problem 134
Kang PengCritical Path Analysis for Stochastic Project Network Models 136
John E. Hebert
Models and Decision Support Systems
A Model for Synergistic Business Mergers with Case Study Applications 139
Robert W. Milik, Jr.
A Microcomputer-Based Decision Analysis Support System 142
Charles R. Margenthaler and Bruce M. Morlan
A Simplified Multi-attribute Scoring Model, 145
James A. Pope
Probability and Regression,
Method of Moments Estimators for Stable Distributions 148
Bruce D. Fielitz and James P. Rozelle
Statistics and SchedulingThe Ambiguity of Statistical Analysis of Random Number Generators—
An Experiment Using the Midproduct Generator 151
Susan L. Solomon
A Strategy for Contingency Table Analysis 154
Ronald D. Anderson, Franklin Acito, and James G. Williams
Multi-tour Scheduling for Service Technicians 157
Larry E. Shirland
Mathematical ProgrammingAdvanced Starts in a Primal-Dual Cutting Plane Algorithm for All-Integer Programming 160
Larry M. Austin, Parviz Ghandforoush, and Michael E. Hanna
A Priori vs. A Posteriori Measures of Aggregation Error in the Transportation Problem 163
Nancy K. Keith, Bruce A. McCarl, and Gordon P. WrightA Multiobjective Model for the Computer Chargeout 166
Charles R. Franz and Sang M. Lee
v
Multivariate Methods
Using the Linear Model to Possibly Salvage Some Main Effect Contrasts When Interaction Is Present 169
Stephen P. Ramocki
Factor Analysis Rules-of-Thumb Revisited: Old Traditions and Some New Ideas 172
Buddy L. Myers and David J. Skaret
Determining Member Perceptions of Organization Structure: A Multidimensional Scaling Approach 175
Edward K. Marlow
STATISTICS/DECISION THEORY
Workshop
Decision Sciences and Gambling 178
Jeff Horen
Workshop:
Exploratory Data Analysis—Lessons from John Tukey 179
Brian L. Joiner and Brian Schott
Statistical AnalysisHandling Unequal Cell Frequencies in Two-Way ANOVAs 181
Ken Black and J. B. SpaldingTwo Further Refinements of Distribution-Free Discriminant Analysis 184
Patrick W. Shannon
The Use of Variance Reduction Techniques in RSM Simulation Studies 187
Belva J. Cooley and Ernest C. Houck
Decision Theory I
An Analysis of the Classical and Bayesian Approaches to Sample Size Determination 190
James W. Gentry and Asavin Chintakananda
Motivational Bias in Probability Assessments 193
Robert C. Pickhardt
Empirical Bayesian Quality Control 196
Rajesh K. Kakar and John T. Sennetti
Insurance for Irreplaceable Commodities: A Decision Theoretic Approach 198
Fereidoon (Perry) Sioshansi and Andrew B. Whinston
Decision Theory II
A Tutorial on Interactive Statistical Analysis 201
George R. Bateman
Comparison of Useful Nonparametric TechniquesAn Analysis of the Effects of Weighting in Linear, Predictive Models 202
W. C. Buss
Subject Response Error in a Lexicographic Model 205
Douglas R. Emery, Francis D. Tuggle, and Andrew D. Luzi
On the Indeterminacy of Von Neumann-Morgenstern Utility Functions 208
Paul J. H. Schoemaker
Comparison of Useful Nonparametric Techniques
Using k Sample Tests to Detect Ordered Treatment Effects: A Comparative Studyof Fourteen Nonparametric Procedures 211
Mark L. Berenson
Measuring Reliability of Criterion-Based Tests 214
Shulamith T. Gross
Distribution Free Procedures for the Analysis of Complete Blocks 217
Ronald L. Iman and W. J, Conover
Distribution Free Procedures for Multiple Comparisons 218
Ronald L. Iman and W. J. Conover
A Comparison of the Power-Efficiency of Selected Two-Sample Nonparametric Tests 219John E. Nixon and Betty Yantis
Bivariate Decision Rules for Comparing Populations Using Rank Tests 222
V. Lyman Gallup,
vi
Optimization in Statistics
Practical Experiences in Solving Nonlinear Regression Problems Via Nonlinear Programming 223
D. M. Himmelblau
Mathematical Programming in Cluster Analysis 226
George Diehr and Hugo Moortgat
An Optimal Simple Percential Estimator of the Weibull Shape Parameter
When All Three ParametersAre Unknown 229Stelios H. Zanakis and Nancy R. Mann
A Bicriteria Model for Acceptance Sampling in Quality Control 231
Herbert Moskowitz, A. Ravindran, and Gary Klein
Tutorial
Applications of Discrete Discriminant Analysis 234Matthew Goldstein and William R. Dillon
Forecasting
Forecasting Daily Demand at a State Trout Park Using ARIMA/Box-Jenkins Methodology 237
Stephen A. DeLurgio
Adaptive Robust Procedures as Estimation Technique for Business Data Analysis 240
Mir Masoom Ali, Frederick R. Forst, and Nazim U. Ahmed
Vector Autoregression vs. Box-Jenkins Techniques in Regional Economic Forecasting:A Comparative Evaluation 243
Robert I. Mann, Lee R. McPheters, and Don E. Schlagenhauf
Probability Models
The Power Gamma: An Alternative Approach to Monotonic Association Measurement 246
David Krackhardt
Lower Multinomial Bound for Overstatement or Understatement Errors 249
Robert Plante, John Neter, and Robert A. Leitch
STUDENT PAPERS SESSION
Computer Project Selection: Process, Techniques and Constraints 251
N. Paule Melone and T. J. Wharton
Designing Management Decision-Aid Programs 254
Daniel Power and Harris Zwerling
THURSDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 18
Table 1—Decision Making in OrganizationsCommunication and Group Risk
,257
Lawrence A. Tanzi
Brain Dominance and Managerial Decision Making 258
Bernadette J. Pian and Elmore R. Alexander
Leadership Models of Performance Evaluation Decisions: An Empirical Applicationof Within and Between Analysis 259
Francis J. Yammarino, Fred Dansereau, Jr., Joseph A. Alutto, and Steven E. Markham
A Comparison of High Motive Males and Females on Persuasibility in Group Decision-Making 260
James Belohlav and William LaFollette
Table 2—Probability, Computers, and Information Systems
Optimization of Customer Service Variables by Nonlinear Mathematical Programming Techniques 261
John Rogers and Roger PfaffenbergerUse ofa Liapunov Function for Establishment of a Bound on the Expected Queue Size in the M/M/°° Queue 262
Peter M. Ellis
A Simple Method for Aggregating Traffic Flow Networks > 263
Fong-Lieh Ou
A Survey of Computer Skills Requirements in MBA Programs 264
Henry H. Beam and Thomas A. Carey
Management Informatics and Organization Encephalization 265
Mohamed H. Hosny and Michael J. C. Martin
vii
Table 3—Issues in the Effective Use of Consumer Research
Reduction of Halo Effect in Rating Scales: Some Marketing Implications 266
Ram Kesavan and Samuel H. Himes, Jr.
Market Segmentation via Nonmetric Regression 267
Roger Gates and Bob Brobst
New Product Planning and Forecasting Under VaryingMarket and Economic Conditions 268
Kenneth D. Lawrence and Gary R. Reeves
Consumer Control of Their P.rice Index: An Economic Approach 269
Huey Latham, Jr., and Dean E. Allmon
Ridge Regression Application to Non-orthogonal Marketing Data 270
Rajinder S. Arora and Ronald L. Vaughn
Table 4—Evaluation of Teaching and LearningThe Effects of MBA Admissions Criteria and Self-Selection on Career-Related
Characteristics of MBA Students 271
Eleanor W. Jordan and Marianne Seiler
An Objective Evaluation Scheme for Subjective Examinations 272
Hugh M. Cannon and George R. Cannon
An Experimental Investigation ofthe Impact of Grades on Student Evaluation in a Managerial Finance Course 273
P. Krishnakumar, T. A. Chilsholm, and J. P. Clay
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Televised Lectures 274
John Hanke and Arthur Reitsch
Quantitative and Computer Systems Majors in Accredited and Nonaccredited Business Programs 275
Leonard J. Kazmier
Table 5—Financial Management
An Investigation of Profit Impact Relative to Company and Industrial Characteristics 276
Jerry L. Wall and Henry E. Metzner
A Simulation Model for the Multi-stage Capital Investment Decisions 277
M. K. Rajaraman and Scott T. Turney
Selecting a Bid for a Known Quantity 278
Howard A. Plotkin
Estimating the Costs of Misclassifying Retail Credit Risks 279
Charles W. Caldwell, James W. Gentry, and James J. Miller
Case Study Comparisons of Two Discrete Time Period Cash Management Models 280
Steven G. Flagg and Peter A. Pinto
THURSDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 35
Table 1—Issues in Organizational Behavior: An Overview
Social Comparison Processes and Task Design: A Laboratory Experiment 281
E. Allen Slusher and Ricky W. Griffin
Organizational Politics: Toward an Integration of Theory and Practice, 282
Donald J. Vredenburgh
Determinants of Managerial Perceptions of MBO Effectiveness 283
Robert Ford and Frank McLaughlin
Conceptualizing the Role Conflict Role Ambiguity Literature 284
W. Alan Randolph and Angelo S. DeNisi
The Effects of Sex of Rater on Process and Perceived Accuracy of Performance Appraisals 285
Richaurd R. Camp and P. Nick Blanchard
Table 2—Multilevel Lot Sizing
Computational Comparison of Optimal and Heuristic Lot Sizing Approachesfor the Multi-level Production Inventory Problem 286
H, Albert Napier and Earle SteinbergOn the Use of Marginal Holding Costs in Multi-stage Lot-Sizing 287
Urban Wemmerlov
Multi-level Lot Sizing: An Experimental Analysis 288
F. Robert Jacobs and Basheer M, Khumawala
The Effects of Demand Pattern on Requirements Planning Lot Sizing Methods 289
Stephen H. Goodman, Ralph E. Janaro, and Donald L. Brechtel
viii
Table 3—Selected Topics in Public/Nonprofit Administration
Residential Energy Management: An Empirical Study 290
Betty Yantis, John E. Nixon, and William J. CorneyGoal Probing: A New Approach to Public Policy Analysis 291
William G. Ludwin and Thomas L. Guthrie
Segmentation of Potential Enlistees for the Military Services 292
Irvin D. Reid
Startup Management in Health Maintenance Organizations 293
Nicholas Baloff and Mary Jane Budenstein
Earthquakery or -Quackery: The Art ofPredicting Cataclysm 294
Jerome Selman and Victor Selman
Table 4—New Ideas in TeachingAn Entire Decision Sciences Course 295
Leon Winer
Task Definition and Test Performance: A Classroom Experiment 296
Joanne M. Klebba
An Effective, Dynamic G.N.P. Forecasting Model for the Classroom 297
George L. Marrah, Dale D. Pletcher, and Arthur N. Jensen
Target Group Analysis: A Practical Exercise for Involving Students in Research-Oriented Decision Making 298
Hugh M. Cannon
Achieving Interdisciplinary Integration Using a Highly Disciplined Problem Solving Procedure
in Analyzing Business Policy Cases 299
James E. Weir
Table 5—MIS Performance and Evaluation
Factors Affecting CBIS Performance 300
Hugh J. Watson and Ali H. Mansour
Evaluations Within the Information System Development Life Cycle 301
Scott Hamilton and Jim McKeen
The Role of Computerized Literature Search Systems on the Transfer of Scientific and Technical Information..,
302
Paul D. Berger and Arthur Gerstenfeld '
Adequate Documentation for Systems and Programs 303
Asad Khailany and Laura Khailany
Computer Facility Centralization/Decentralization: A Multicriteria Analysis Model 304
Sang M. Lee and Susan J. Wilkins
THURSDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 53
Table 1—Looking at Job Satisfaction, Leader Behavior, and Organizational Climate
Psychometric Properties of the Job Descriptive Index (JD1) 305
Angelo J. Kinicki and Chester A. Schriesheim
A Comparison of the Job Satisfaction of Full-Time and Seasonal Employees 306
Timothy T. Serey and Anson Seers
Climate: An Individual, Group and Organizational Perspective 307
Michael A. Abelson and R. H. George Field
Factor Structure Analysis of the Leader Reward Behavior Questionnaire 308
Kent E. Curran and Ronald D. Johnson
Table 2—Industrial Applications of OM Models
Financial Decision Model for Chemical Plant Operations 309
David L. Eldredge and Bob Holdman
Goal Programming Established Priorities for the Conventional Ammunition Production Base 310
Warren J. Boe, Jeffrey Horen, and Douglas Kahl
Estimating Production Costs for State of the Art Technology in the Helicopter Industry 311
J. J. Gilliland and C. F. Bimmerle
A GPSS Continuous Process Scheduling Model: An Empirical Example 312
Kenneth D. Ramsing, David M. Dilts, and Ilchoo Chung
Inventory Management in a Cottage Industry 313
B. P. Lingaraj
IX
Table 3—Decision Analysis Theory and ApplicationRisk Analysis in Competitive Bidding 314
David W. Pentico
An Expanded Algorithm for Decision Analysis Trees 315
Charles L. Hubbard and Fred J. Ganoe
A Relative Area Approach to Subjective Probability Assessment 316
P. George Benson, Edna M. White, and Urton L. Anderson
A Decision Theoretic Framework for Strategic Legal Decisions 317
W. E. Pinney and John V. Dowdy, Jr.
Fussy Outranking Relation in Multiple Criteria Decision Making 318
Jean M. Martel and Gilles d'Avignon
Table 4—Research in Advertising and PricingDemand Effects in Evaluation Research 319
Robert E. Smith
The "Profile Distance" Approach to Media Selection—How Well Does It Work? 320
Hugh M. Cannon and Kurt B. AugsburgerWhat Is Abusive Advertising? 321
Hugh M. Cannon and Jan C. Jennings
The Price-Quality Relationship: An Experimental Study 322
David J. Lill and Elliott S. Willman
How Important Is Price in Industrial Markets: A Review and Conceptual Framework 323
Michael V. Laric
Table S—MIS Applications
Decision Support Systems for Portfolio Management 324
James F. Courtney, Jr., and Robert Minch
Retail Information Management Systems (RIMS): Establishing the Key to Retail Success 325
Douglas J. Lincoln and A. Coskun Samli
Computerized Church Management Information Systems .• 326
Engming Lin and Mesbah Ahmed
Mini Computer-Based Information System Rescues Insurance Premium Finance System 327
Vincent E. Cangelosi and Walter G. Rudd
Decentralized Decision Support Systems—A Blood Banking Example 328
Kenneth E. Kendall
THURSDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 69
Table 1—Personnel Decisions and Managerial Behavior
Employee Selection Within the Law 329
Stephen Rubenfeld and Michael Crino
Leadership Properties and Span of Supervision: A Study in Fast-Food Restaurants 330
Foad Derakshan
Investigating the Relationship Between Good Managers, Presidents, and Presidential Candidates 331
D. Anthony Butterfield, Gary N, Powell, and Barry Z. Posner
Table 2—Quantitative Applications to Public/Nonprofit Administration
The Discrimination of Successful Ballet Dancers with Math Programming 332
William V. Gehrlein and Barbara A. Johnson
A Methodology for the Estimation of the Job Vacancies for the Inexperienced College Graduates 333
Jae Hyon SongNew Insight into Forecasting Engineering Enrollment 334
Donald A. Yale
System Dynamic Simulation Model for Policy Analysis of a Gonorrhea Control Program 335
Ramesh K. Shukla and Yasar A. Ozcan
Design of Optimal Water Distribution and Treatment Systems for Large Urban Areas:
An Application of Nonlinear Transportation Algorithms 336
Keith E. Boles, David E. Pingry, and Timothy Shaftel
Table 3—Statistical ApplicationsPilot Performance Prediction and Selection for Air-to-Air Combat 337
Dwight W. Polk and Carl Gooding
x
Blackjack: A Comparative Evaluation of "Simple" Player Strategies 338
Richard J. PenleskyA Note on the Effect of Attitudinal Measures in Multivariate Classification 339
Forrest S. Carter
Detection, Inference and the Arms Race 340
Raymond DaceyEnhancements for the Interpretation of Overlaps and Differences Among Groups 341
Collin J. Watson
Table 4—Surveys and Exploratory Data Analysis
Exploratory Data Analysis: A Tool for the Decision Maker 342
Herbert F. SpirerAn Investigation of Response Quality in a Mail Survey 343
W. L. Lett and A. A. Armenakis
How Long Should the Telephone Ring? Minimizing Inter-Interview Time in Phone Surveys 344
James B. Wilcox and Raymond J. Smead
The Nonresponse Problem in Salesforce Surveys 345
Lawrence B. Chonko and James B. Wilcox
Response-Shift: Internal Validity ofSelf-Report Measures 346
Norval F. Pohl
Table 5—Using the Decision Sciences in Education
Statistics Baptism: Sprinkling or Total Immersion? 347
John E. KnightThe Perils of Input Data Analysis for Simulation—Some Teaching Tools 348
Susan L. Solomon
Factors Influencing Students' Perceived Desirability of Majors in Marketing and Accounting ,349
James F. Gaertner, Willbann D. Terpening, and Robert E. Pitts
A Model to Accommodate Additional Students in Closed Core Courses in a Business School 350
Albert E. Drake
Table 6—Financial Institutions, Marketings, and Price Indices
Growth in Savings Customers: More from Current, Rather Than New, Customers 351
James W. Gentry, L. Lee Manzer, and Alvin C. Burns
Lender Risk and Loan Valuation 352
Michael Holland and Thomas HindelangStock Price Changes and Interest Rates 353
John R. Brick and Kelly Price
Uncertainty in Price Indices , 354
Jack C. Hayya, Erwin M. Saniga, and Ronny A. Schaul
FRIDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 18
Table 1—Economic Issues in Public/Nonprofit Administration
Efficiency and Effectiveness in Social Service Agencies ,355
Barry Keating and Maryann O'Hagan Keating
Rate of Return on R& D Expenditures: A Comparison ofU.S. and U.K. Drug Industries 356
Susan A. Simmons, S. Cabell Shull, and Mickey C. Smith
Strategy for Investigating Government Contracting-Out Abuses and Cost Overruns 357
Shu S. Liao and Davis L. Chang
Segmenting the Philanthropy Market: An Investigation of Time Versus Money Donation Behavior
of Adult Males to Nonprofit Organizations '. 358
Ugur Yavas and Glen Riecken
Table 2—Inventory Theory
Large Multi-Product Single Facility Lot Size Scheduling 359
Lanny A. Karns and Lloyd A, Swanson
Static Inventory Models and the Rate of Return 360
Edmond L. D'Ouville, C. Richard Houston, and T. Hillman Willis
Dynamic Inventory Model, Under Uncertainty 361
Yitshak Dayan
XI
Determining Buffer Levels in Material Requirements Planning 362
Avijit Banerjee and Erwin M. Saniga
Multi-item Single Facility Capacitated Production Scheduling with Variable Demands 363
Omer A. Aras and Lloyd A. Swanson
Lumpy Freight Costs in the EOQ Problem 364
Donald C. Aucamp
Table 3—Developments in Consumer Behavior Research
Understanding and Measuring Changes in Consumer Behavior Over Time 365
Wesley J. Johnston and Martha Cooper
Energy Conserving Behavior and Consumer Decision Processes: The Case of Solar Energy Adopters 366
Ronald Rubin and Duane Davis
Correlates of Purchase-Related Parent-Child Conflict 367
V. Kanti Prasad, Anees A. Sheikh, and Tanniru R. Rao
Consumer Perceptions of Domestic vs. Imports 368
Chem Narayana, T. R. Rao, and G. M. Naidu
The Relationship of Sex and Age to Attitudes Toward the Use of Models in Travel Advertising 369
Ken W. McCleary
Table 4—MIS Design and Implementation
Administrative vs. Technical Variables in MIS Design Strategies: A Perspective for Systems Analysis 370
Stephen R. Ruth
Design and Development of a Mini-computer Interactive Data Base Management System (MIDBMS) 371
Mohammed H. Omar
Impacts ofthe Information System Post Audit 372
Scott Hamilton and Norm Chervany
Conceptualization of Multicriteria Record Segmentation Problem in Large Shared Data Bases 373
Lori Franz and Arun Sen
Impact of Data Management on Organizational Decision Making 374
Daniel J. Power
FRIDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 35
Table 1—Marketing Applications
Adopters and Rejectors of Off-Site Banking Services 375
Stanley Arbeit, Joseph G. Glynn III, and Alan G. Weinstein
A Managerially-Relevant Profile of Debit Card Users 376
Elizabeth C. Hirschman
Service Segmentation: An Increasingly Important Dimension of Bank Marketing 377
Dub Ashton and Maclyn L. Clouse
Technology and Retailing: Policy Issues and Implications of Scanner Technology 378
Michael K. Mills
Proactive, Normative Retail Strategy: The Caseof Urban Revitalization 379
Elizabeth C. Hirschman
Table 2—Emerging Issues: Surveying Ibe P/OM Environment
Implications of the Degree of Use of Quantitative Methods and Computers in the Motor Carrier Industry 380
David L. Shrock and Lonnie L. Ostrom
Behavioral Dimensions in POM Occupations 381
Joseph R. Biggs, Thomas E. Callarman, Gerry L. DeSanctis, and Vincent A. Mabert
Small Business: Virgin Territory for the Application of P/OM Concepts 382
Brooke Saladin and Frank Hoy
Network Techniques in Aerospace R&D Management 383
Edward J. Dunne, Jr., and Lawrence J. Klementowski
How to Organize Purchasing as a Profit Center 384
Ross R, Reck, Brian G. Long, and Neal W. Beckman
Table 3—Attitudes and Behaviors in the Public/Nonprofit Sector
Teaching According to the Gospel of the Student Godfather 385
George E. Stevens
xii
A Discriminant Analysis of Erroneous Damage Perceptions of Residents
in Areas Contiguous to the Argo Merchant Oil Spill 386Allen Rappaport and Louis H. Zincone, Jr.
Universities and the Hispanic Americans: A Survey of Executive Perceptions in the Midwest 387Rene V. Elicano
An Empirical Examination of the Motivational Requirements for Organizational Changein a Governmental Organization 388
Sherman A. Timmins
The Impact of Organization Size on the Nature of School Superintendents' Work 389Robert S. Bussom, Lars L. Larson, and William M. Vicars
Table 4—Using the Computer in TeachingThe Use of Interactive Computer Programs in Security Analysis and Portfolio Management 390
William B. Riley and Austin H. Montgomery
Microcomputer-Based Simulation: Demonstrating Queueing Dynamics 391
John M. Anderson
Computer Assisted Instruction: The Formulation and Solution of LPs 392Clement Psenicka
A Computer Simulation Model for Teaching Intermediate Macroeconomics 393
John E. Silvia
When the Computer Speaks, Students Listen 394Richard L. Kerns
Table 5-~Investment Issues
Bull and Bear Market Betas; A Second Look 395
Carl Schweser and Doug Kahl
The Performance and Reliability of Selected Technical Stock Market Indicators 396Robert W. Milik, Jr.
Optimal Systematic Withdrawal Strategies 397
William V. Gehrlein and Thomas H. Mclnish
The Market's Assimulation of Unfunded Pension Costs 398
Robert S. Kemp, Jr., William D. Nichols, and Timothy W. O'Keefe
Prediction ofMarket Value of a Residential Real Estate Property , 399
Jayanta K. Bandyopadhyay and Bratati Bandyopadhyay
FRIDAY TOPIC TABLE SESSION 53
Table 1—Issues in Organizational Analysis and Intervention
The Question of Training as Part of an Organizational Development Intervention: Analysis and Application 400
S. D. Inderlied
The Impact of Organizational Structural Features on Individual Motivation (Abstract) 401
M. B. Conti
Coming to Grips with the Intervention Process 402
Alan C. Filley and Larry E. Pate
An Empirical Study of Problem-Solving Technologies and Conflict-Handling Behavior Modes 403
Michael N. Chanin and Harris J. Shapiro
Table 2—Decision Models in P/OM
A Comparison of Triangular and Beta Distributions as Network Activity Time Models 404
James H. Macomber, Mohammad Ahmadi, and Lawrence P. Ettkin
Justifying Component Part Standardization 405
David A. Collier
A Cost-Structure Sensitivity Analysis of Three Inventory Models for Uncertain Demand,
406
Howard W. Prout
A Decision-Model to Select the Best of the Available Plant Sizes for Capacity-AdditionUnder Linearly Growing Demand Situation 407
Sumer C. Aggarwal
Enthalpy Factors in Production Facilities Decisions 408
Edward F. Thode and James B. Shannon, Jr.
Table 3—Statistics and Subjective Evaluation
Alternative Models for Time Adjustment of Property Values 409
Donald N. Steinnes
xni
The Effects of Data Collection Method on the Recovery of Class and Continuous Variation
in Multidimensional Scaling Solutions 410
Marie Adele Humphreys
Subjective Probability in Enrollment Forecasting 411
Douglas A. Lind
Testing Governmental Energy Policy on Automobiles: A Disaggregate Approach 412
Rodney L. Carlson and Gary C. Pickett
Aggregating Expert Evaluations—A Comparison ofTwo Composition Methods 413
Ram Narasimhan
Table 4—Statistical TheoryA Hypothesis Test for Homogeneity 414
William V. Gehrlein
On Obtaining Least Square Estimates Not Depending on All the Given Data 415
H. Munick and H. Nagel
Convergence to Normality for Stratefied Sampling Plans 416
Kenneth Gordon and Donald Plane
Small, Zero and Missing Frequencies in Contingency Tables 417
Gene Iverson and John E. Powell
Table 5—Improving the Effectiveness of Marketing Mix Decisions
Product Life Cycle: A Synthesis of Recent Modeling Developments 418
Rajinder S. Arora and Ronald L. VaughnProduct Positioning—Does It Really Work the Way We Say It Does? 419
Hugh M. Cannon and Gregory E. Lechner
Surrogate Measurement of User Perception of Service Delivery 420
Kurt J. Engemann and Victor K. Len
The Declining Pattern of Consumer Credit Usage in the Gasoline Service Station:
Is the End of an Era in Sight? 421
Gordon L. Wise and Myron K. Cox
The Demographics of "Price Awareness" in the Gasoline Service Station 422
Myron K. Cox and Gordon L. Wise
Table 6—International Finance and Public Utilities Risk-Return
Developmental Pattern of Export Financing During the Stage of Economic Growth 423
Joe H. Kim and Ik-Whan Kwon
Multinational Firms' Policies Impact on Cash Flow and Accounting Income 424
Joseph E, Finnerty, Thomas Schneeweis, and Edward Goodhue
Equity Capital Costs and Electric Utility Nuclear Dependence 425
John L. Eatman and Jerry G, Hunt
Capital Structure: A Basis for Discriminating Between High and Low Cost of Capital Firms
in the Electric Utility Industry? 426
Darryl G. Waldron
AUTHORS' INDEX 427
xiv
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