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AdabAdab--usus--SalaatSalaat
The Etiquette of PrayersThe Etiquette of PrayersForwarded by: R.K.RangoonwalaForwarded by: R.K.Rangoonwala
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Omy son! Hasten to comprehend your ownOmy son! Hasten to comprehend your ownself, which is blended in "the divineself, which is blended in "the divine
disposition (Godly nature). Omy son! Savedisposition (Godly nature). Omy son! Save
yourself from the ruining whirlpool of theyourself from the ruining whirlpool of theformidable waves of selfformidable waves of self--conceit andconceit and
selfishness. Get on board Noah's Ark, whichselfishness. Get on board Noah's Ark, which
is the light of Allah's guardianshipis the light of Allah's guardianship
Imam Khomeini (RA)Imam Khomeini (RA)
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Omy son! Prepare yourself, after me, to faceOmy son! Prepare yourself, after me, to face
unkindness from those who will burden youunkindness from those who will burden youwith the worries they had on my part. If youwith the worries they had on my part. If you
settle your accounts with Allah and take refugesettle your accounts with Allah and take refuge
in remembering Him, you need not fear anyin remembering Him, you need not fear anycreature, as the reckoning of creatures iscreature, as the reckoning of creatures is
transitory, while the reckoning before Allah istransitory, while the reckoning before Allah is
eternal.eternal.
Imam Khomeini (RA)Imam Khomeini (RA)
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""The first thing about which the servant isThe first thing about which the servant is
questioned is the salat, if it was accepted hisquestioned is the salat, if it was accepted his
other (worshipping) acts would be accepted,other (worshipping) acts would be accepted,and if it was returned to him, his other actsand if it was returned to him, his other acts
would be returned to him (too)".would be returned to him (too)".
Vol. 1."The Merit of the Salat", ch. 30, hadith 5.Vol. 1."The Merit of the Salat", ch. 30, hadith 5.
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It is said that Two rakats of SalaatIt is said that Two rakats of Salaat
performed with contemplation isperformed with contemplation isbetter then staying up entire night inbetter then staying up entire night in
prayers with inattentive heartprayers with inattentive heart
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Messenger of Allah (SA) said that:Messenger of Allah (SA) said that:
"My delight has been placed in the"My delight has been placed in thesalat".salat".
Furu' ul Kafi, vol 5, p. 321Furu' ul Kafi, vol 5, p. 321
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Imam as Sadiq (AS), it is said: "Whoever performed the obligatoryImam as Sadiq (AS), it is said: "Whoever performed the obligatory
salats at the beginning of their times and observed theirsalats at the beginning of their times and observed theirrestrictions, the angel would raise them, white and pure, to heaven,restrictions, the angel would raise them, white and pure, to heaven,
and the salat would say (to the performer): "May Allah preserve youand the salat would say (to the performer): "May Allah preserve you
as you preserved me and entrusted me to a generous angel'. Butas you preserved me and entrusted me to a generous angel'. But
whoever performed them after their times, with no excuse, and didwhoever performed them after their times, with no excuse, and didnot observe their restrictions, the angel would raise them, blacknot observe their restrictions, the angel would raise them, black
and dark, while the salat shouting at the performer: "You have lostand dark, while the salat shouting at the performer: "You have lost
me,may Allah lose you, and may He not care for you as you didme,may Allah lose you, and may He not care for you as you did
not care forme'."not care forme'."
((Wasail ushWasail ush--Shi'ah, vol. 3, p. 90. KitabusShi'ah, vol. 3, p. 90. Kitabus--Salat, chs. On "Times" ch.Salat, chs. On "Times" ch.
3, hadith, 173, hadith, 17))
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Whena servantbows himselfdownintoWhena servantbowshimselfdowninto
prostrationandprolongsit, thenShaytanprostrationandprolongsit, thenShaytan
says, O, WoeUponMe! Thisservanthassays, O, WoeUponMe! ThisservanthasobeyedAllah(SWT), whileItransgressed,obeyedAllah(SWT), whileItransgressed,
andhehasofferedprostrationthatIandhehasofferedprostrationthatI
refused.refused.
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ImamalImamal--Sadiq(a)narratesthatitiswritteninTheSadiq(a)narratesthatitiswritteninTheTorahTorah::
OSonofMan, ifyouemptyyourself, i.e. disengageOSonofMan, ifyouemptyyourself, i.e. disengage
yourselffromallotherpreyourselffromallotherpre--occupationstomakeyourselfoccupationstomakeyourselfavailableforMyworship, IwillfillyourheartwithavailableforMyworship, Iwillfillyourheartwith
richnessandIwillnotabandonyoutowhatyouseekrichnessandIwillnotabandonyoutowhatyouseek
andlongfor. Anditwillbeuponmetoclosethedoorofandlongfor. Anditwillbeuponmetoclosethedoorofpovertyuponyouandtofillyourheartwithaweforme.povertyuponyouandtofillyourheartwithaweforme.
(Al(Al--Kulayni(RA), UsulalKulayni(RA), Usulal--Kafi, 2, "KitabalKafi, 2, "Kitabal--'Imanwa1'Imanwa1--
Kufr', "BabalKufr', "Babal--Ibadah", Traditionnumber1)Ibadah", Traditionnumber1)
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STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPINGSTRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING
CONCENTRATIONIN PRAYERCONCENTRATIONIN PRAYER
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SUBMISSIVENESSSUBMISSIVENESS
(khushu)(khushu)
""Successful, indeed, arethebelieversSuccessful, indeed, arethebelievers
whoaresubmissiveintheirsalats,whoaresubmissiveintheirsalats,""
Surah alSurah al--Mu'minun:1Mu'minun:1
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TRANQUILITYTRANQUILITY
ByImamasSadiq(AS)asisstatedinMisbahushByImamasSadiq(AS)asisstatedinMisbahush-- shari'ahshari'ah(theTorchoftheIslamic Law). Hesaid:"Letyourheartbe(theTorchoftheIslamic Law). Hesaid:"Letyourheartbe
yourtongue'sqiblah, anddonotmoveitexceptbytheyourtongue'sqiblah, anddonotmoveitexceptbythe
heart'sorder heart'sorder
TheMessengerofAllah(SA)informedAbuDharr:"OhTheMessengerofAllah(SA)informedAbuDharr:"Oh
AbuDharr, tworak'atsofsalatincontemplationarebetterAbuDharr, tworak'atsofsalatincontemplationarebetter
thanspendingthewholenightwithaninattentive(orthanspendingthewholenightwithaninattentive(or
forgetful)heart."BiharulAnwar, vol. 74, p. 82, Bookof"Arforgetful)heart."BiharulAnwar, vol. 74, p. 82, Bookof"Ar--Raudah" ch. on"TheProphet'sAdmonitions", hadith2,Raudah" ch. on"TheProphet'sAdmonitions", hadith2,
quotedfrom MakarimulAkhlaq, p. 465.quotedfrom MakarimulAkhlaq, p. 465.
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THE PRESENCE OF HEART IN PRAYERSTHE PRESENCE OF HEART IN PRAYERSImam alImam al--Sadiq (AS) has said:Sadiq (AS) has said:
Deartomeis thebelieverfrom amongyouwhoattends toDeartomeis thebelieverfrom amongyouwhoattends toGod with his heartatthetimeofPrayerand does notpreGod with his heartatthetimeofPrayerand does notpre--
occupyhis heartwith anymundanematter. Iftheoccupyhis heartwith anymundanematter. Ifthe
worshipperknewtowhatextentHis (Allahs) MercyworshipperknewtowhatextentHis (Allahs) Mercy
surrounded him duringPrayer, hewould neverraisehissurrounded him duringPrayer, hewould neverraisehishead fromthestateofprostration. NothingofyourPrayerishead fromthestateofprostration. NothingofyourPrayeris
yours exceptthatwhich youdid with anattentiveheart. So,yours exceptthatwhich youdid with anattentiveheart. So,
ifoneperformed itcompletelyerroneously, orneglected itsifoneperformed itcompletelyerroneously, orneglected itsdisciplines, itwould befolded and thrownback atitsdisciplines, itwould befolded and thrownback atits
owners face.owners face.
(Wasailush(Wasailush--Shiah, Volume4, Page687, Chapter3,Shiah, Volume4, Page687, Chapter3,
Tradition1Tradition1
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No sooner a person starts hisNo sooner a person starts hisPrayer, Shaytan whispers in hisPrayer, Shaytan whispers in his
heart pulling him from one side toheart pulling him from one side toanother, and continuously engaginganother, and continuously engaging
him into all sorts of thoughts andhim into all sorts of thoughts and
memories.memories.
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UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU RECITEUNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU RECITE
In the Thawab alIn the Thawab al-- Amal, alAmal, al--Saduq quotes with hisSaduq quotes with his
chain of transmitters from alchain of transmitters from al--Sadiq (AS):Sadiq (AS):
One who offers two units (rakats) of Prayer with theOne who offers two units (rakats) of Prayer with the
knowledge of what he says therein, he does notknowledge of what he says therein, he does not
finish them without God forgiving him every sin thatfinish them without God forgiving him every sin thatthere is between him and God.there is between him and God.
(Wasa'il al(Wasa'il al--Shi'ah,IV, 686)Shi'ah,IV, 686)
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REMEMBRANCE OF DEATHREMEMBRANCE OF DEATH
The Prophet of Allah (s) has said: The most intelligentThe Prophet of Allah (s) has said: The most intelligent
among you is the one who remembers his death most.among you is the one who remembers his death most.
Great Scholars have advised you to keep busyGreat Scholars have advised you to keep busy
reminding yourself of death as a way to fear Allahreminding yourself of death as a way to fear Allah
(SWT) and maintain vigilance in your daily Prayer and(SWT) and maintain vigilance in your daily Prayer and
communication with Allah (SWT). The idea is to developcommunication with Allah (SWT). The idea is to developpiety and fear in you and to convince your soul thepiety and fear in you and to convince your soul the
importance of Prayer.importance of Prayer.
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Frequent remembrance of death decreases onesFrequent remembrance of death decreases ones
desires. (Imam Ali (AS)desires. (Imam Ali (AS)
It is recommended that a worshipper should think ofIt is recommended that a worshipper should think ofdeath before every Prayer. He should imagine that thedeath before every Prayer. He should imagine that the
moment of death has arrived, and that the Prayer is hismoment of death has arrived, and that the Prayer is his
last one to his Lord and the last few moments to ask forlast one to his Lord and the last few moments to ask forforgiveness and win Divine Mercy.forgiveness and win Divine Mercy.
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MODERATIONIN EATINGMODERATIONIN EATINGalal--Ridha (AS) says:Ridha (AS) says:
You should know that a human body is like fertile land. IfYou should know that a human body is like fertile land. If
moderation is exercised in the matter of its development,moderation is exercised in the matter of its development,i.e. necessary quantity of water is provided to it, whichi.e. necessary quantity of water is provided to it, which
should neither be so excessive as to drown it andshould neither be so excessive as to drown it and
change into swamp and bog, nor so scanty that it shouldchange into swamp and bog, nor so scanty that it should
remain thirsty and dry, such land yields much produce.remain thirsty and dry, such land yields much produce.
However, the land will become barren if not properlyHowever, the land will become barren if not properly
looked after.looked after.
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ARRESTING THOUGHTSARRESTING THOUGHTS
Because any individuals mind is filled with thoughts atBecause any individuals mind is filled with thoughts at
all times, he is supposed to arrest them, and put a stopall times, he is supposed to arrest them, and put a stop
on them during Prayer.on them during Prayer.
In alIn al--Kafi, on the authority of alKafi, on the authority of al--Baqir (AS), it is statedBaqir (AS), it is statedthat he has said:that he has said:
When doubts in the Prayer become too frequent, do notWhen doubts in the Prayer become too frequent, do not
give heed to them, and regard the Prayer to be correct.give heed to them, and regard the Prayer to be correct.It is hoped that this state would leave you, as ShaytanIt is hoped that this state would leave you, as Shaytan
causes it.causes it.
(Mustadrak al(Mustadrak al--Wasail, Page 359, Tradition 8)Wasail, Page 359, Tradition 8)
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CHECKING AND INSPECTIONCHECKING AND INSPECTION
Keep track of the level of your attention and concentrationKeep track of the level of your attention and concentration
in Prayer. If it is the right level, give thanks; if wrong, askin Prayer. If it is the right level, give thanks; if wrong, ask
for forgiveness.for forgiveness.
SelfSelf--conditioning, contemplation and selfconditioning, contemplation and self--examination areexamination are
essential preessential pre--requisites for a seeker of truth who is battlingrequisites for a seeker of truth who is battling
with his self. Selfwith his self. Self--conditioning or stipulation means bindingconditioning or stipulation means bindingoneself with the resolution not to do anything againstoneself with the resolution not to do anything against
Gods commands.Gods commands.
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FASTINGFASTING
O Ahmad!How sweet and beautiful are theO Ahmad!How sweet and beautiful are the
hunger, silence and seclusion? Wisdom, heartshunger, silence and seclusion? Wisdom, hearts
tranquility, nearness to Me, continuous grief,tranquility, nearness to Me, continuous grief,righteous talks, thriftiness, indifference at the timerighteous talks, thriftiness, indifference at the time
of ease, and hardships, are the characteristicsof ease, and hardships, are the characteristics
acquired by My servant as a result of hunger,acquired by My servant as a result of hunger,
silence, and seclusion. (Hadith alsilence, and seclusion. (Hadith al--Qudsi)Qudsi)
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WORLD AND ITS PLEASURESWORLD AND ITS PLEASURES
One of the greatest obstacle to attaining the state ofOne of the greatest obstacle to attaining the state of
perfect communion with Allah (SWT) is unwaveringperfect communion with Allah (SWT) is unwavering
attachment to worldly allurements namely, wealth andattachment to worldly allurements namely, wealth and
property,power and position. Ones attraction to theseproperty,power and position. Ones attraction to thesethings causes the worshippers attention to thesethings causes the worshippers attention to these
transient things. Therefore, you must cuttransient things. Therefore, you must cut--off theseoff these
attractions at all cost, and at all times, so that the heartsattractions at all cost, and at all times, so that the heartspresence and attention towards Allah (SWT) becomespresence and attention towards Allah (SWT) becomes
easier during Prayereasier during Prayer
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WUDHU AS A WAY TO INCREASE YOURWUDHU AS A WAY TO INCREASE YOURATTENTIONATTENTION
Wudhu (formal/minor ablution) is one of the mostWudhu (formal/minor ablution) is one of the most
effective ways to prepare the scene for your dailyeffective ways to prepare the scene for your daily
Prayer. It has powers to rePrayer. It has powers to re--organize your thoughtsorganize your thoughts
before Prayer and assist you in offering your Prayer withbefore Prayer and assist you in offering your Prayer with
confidence and not to be swerved by Shaytan, Theconfidence and not to be swerved by Shaytan, TheAccursed.Accursed.
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UNDERSTANDING AND APPRECIATINGUNDERSTANDING AND APPRECIATING
ALLAH (SWT)S PRESENCEALLAH (SWT)S PRESENCE
It is always to your benefit if you were to ponder theIt is always to your benefit if you were to ponder the
Existence of Allah (SWT) and His Power, Signs andExistence of Allah (SWT) and His Power, Signs andDecisions related to this world and the next.Decisions related to this world and the next.
Appreciating His presence is one way of bringingAppreciating His presence is one way of bringing
humility into your heart and humbling yourself in Prayer,humility into your heart and humbling yourself in Prayer,
performed with attention and concentration. It is onlyperformed with attention and concentration. It is onlyHe Who looks at you Mercifully during your Prayer, andHe Who looks at you Mercifully during your Prayer, and
you ought to keep this in mind every time you say youryou ought to keep this in mind every time you say your
Prayer.Prayer.
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REMINDING YOURSELF OF ALLAHREMINDING YOURSELF OF ALLAH
One of the reasons why Adhan and Iqamah have beenOne of the reasons why Adhan and Iqamah have beenmuch emphasized before Prayer is to establish amuch emphasized before Prayer is to establish a
strong link between the worshipper and his Creator,strong link between the worshipper and his Creator,
before he ventures into this sacred journey of Prayerbefore he ventures into this sacred journey of Prayer
and be in direct communication with The Almighty.and be in direct communication with The Almighty.
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BEING TRUTHFUL WITHGODBEING TRUTHFUL WITHGOD
One should be truthful with God whileOne should be truthful with God while
reciting the verses ofQuran and otherreciting the verses ofQuran and other
utterances during prayers.utterances during prayers. One shouldOne shouldponder before uttering each and every wordponder before uttering each and every word
as to whatever he is saying is coming outas to whatever he is saying is coming out
from his heart or is just verbal action fromfrom his heart or is just verbal action fromhis tongue.his tongue.
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A RELAXED AND ALERT STATE OF MINDA RELAXED AND ALERT STATE OF MINDAn alert state ofmind is one of the many vitalAn alert state ofmind is one of the many vital
ingredients of Prayer. If you are tired and exhausted,ingredients of Prayer. If you are tired and exhausted,you will not be able to offerprayers properly with fullyou will not be able to offerprayers properly with full
attention.attention.
As Imam Ali (AS) has advised us:As Imam Ali (AS) has advised us:
Do not offer Prayer in the state of drowsiness. WhileDo not offer Prayer in the state of drowsiness. While
offering Prayer, do not think about yourself because youoffering Prayer, do not think about yourself because you
are standing in front of Allah (SWT). Indeed, only thatare standing in front of Allah (SWT). Indeed, only that
portion of the Prayer will be accepted that he has paidportion of the Prayer will be accepted that he has paid
full attention towards Allah (SWT).full attention towards Allah (SWT).
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PROPER PRONUNCIATIONPROPER PRONUNCIATION
Arabic language is considered one of the sweetest of allArabic language is considered one of the sweetest of all
the languages. So, reciting Prayer with properMakhaarijthe languages. So, reciting Prayer with properMakhaarij
(properpronunciation) and Tajweed (following the rules(properpronunciation) and Tajweed (following the rules
of the Arabic Language) and learning the rules ofof the Arabic Language) and learning the rules of
reciting The Quran, would make your efforts inreciting The Quran, would make your efforts in
maintaining attention a lot easier.maintaining attention a lot easier.
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CONFIDENCECONFIDENCETo have firm intention and belief that whatsoever theTo have firm intention and belief that whatsoever the
case, you will never be mislead in Prayer, you need tocase, you will never be mislead in Prayer, you need to
be confident and accept with full heart that Shaytansbe confident and accept with full heart that Shaytans
forces are weaker than what you have been endowedforces are weaker than what you have been endowedwith by your loving Lord, The Most High. Allah (SWT)with by your loving Lord, The Most High. Allah (SWT)
states in The Quran:states in The Quran:
Indeed! The cunning of Shaytan is feeble.Indeed! The cunning of Shaytan is feeble.
(Quran(Quran -- Chapter 20,Verse 125)Chapter 20,Verse 125)
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ALTERNATING RECITATIONSALTERNATING RECITATIONS
One needs to alternate recitations by reciting differentOne needs to alternate recitations by reciting different
chapters of The Quran, different supplications andchapters of The Quran, different supplications anddifferent forms of glorification in your Prayer. This is vitaldifferent forms of glorification in your Prayer. This is vital
because your brain will not become accustomed andbecause your brain will not become accustomed and
habituated to what is being recited daily and switch offhabituated to what is being recited daily and switch off
attention to something else.attention to something else.
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CONTINUED CLEANLINESSCONTINUED CLEANLINESS
An important and attractive aspect ofIslamic teachingAn important and attractive aspect ofIslamic teaching
is related to cleanliness. It means to be ritually pure atis related to cleanliness. It means to be ritually pure at
all times by performing ablution (wudhu) and ghuslall times by performing ablution (wudhu) and ghusl
(major ablution) whenever necessary. The major(major ablution) whenever necessary. The major
ablution (ghusl) on Friday, for example, has beenablution (ghusl) on Friday, for example, has been
much stressed and cleans your soul frommany sins.much stressed and cleans your soul frommany sins.
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SEEKING FORGIVENESS AND ACCEPTINGSEEKING FORGIVENESS AND ACCEPTING
LIMITATONSLIMITATONS
After every Prayer you should seek forgiveness, as thisAfter every Prayer you should seek forgiveness, as this
will indirectly increase your attention and concentrationwill indirectly increase your attention and concentrationduring Prayer and bring you nearer to Him. While recitingduring Prayer and bring you nearer to Him. While reciting
this invocation, you should sincerely repent to Allah (SWT)this invocation, you should sincerely repent to Allah (SWT)
that the Prayer you just finished was not up to the requiredthat the Prayer you just finished was not up to the required
standards and pray to be forgiven for it by The Mercifulstandards and pray to be forgiven for it by The Merciful
Lord.Lord.
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SENSELESS CONVERSATIONSSENSELESS CONVERSATIONS
Let it be known that, there is no worshipLet it be known that, there is no worship
superior than silencesuperior than silence
Prophet (S)Prophet (S)
It has been recorded that,It has been recorded that,
Silence is part of wisdom. It is a sign of every virtue. ItSilence is part of wisdom. It is a sign of every virtue. It
is the way of the devotees of Allah (SWT), becauseis the way of the devotees of Allah (SWT), because
Allah (SWT) likes it. It is the style of The ProphetsAllah (SWT) likes it. It is the style of The Prophets(AS), and the habit of the chosen people. (al(AS), and the habit of the chosen people. (al--SadiqSadiq
(AS)(AS)
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THE VALUE OF PRAYERTHE VALUE OF PRAYER
Prayer is what angels love,Prayer is what angels love,
Prayer is the practice of The Prophets (AS),Prayer is the practice of The Prophets (AS),
Prayer is the light of understanding,Prayer is the light of understanding,Prayer is what makes faith strong,Prayer is what makes faith strong,
Prayer is what makes actions accepted,Prayer is what makes actions accepted,
Prayer increases sustenance,Prayer increases sustenance,Prayer keeps you away from illness,Prayer keeps you away from illness,
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Prayers teaches punctualityPrayers teaches punctuality -- surely prayers issurely prayers is
time ordinance forbelievertime ordinance forbeliever
Prayers prevents falsehoodPrayers prevents falsehoodPrayers teaches patient during griefanddifficultPrayers teaches patient during griefanddifficult
timestimes
Prayers prevents discrimination andUnites peoplePrayers prevents discrimination andUnites people
Prayers is key toparadise as well as best deedPrayers is key toparadise as well as best deed
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Prayers is medicine against PridePrayers is medicine against Pride
Prayers promote ModestyPrayers promote Modesty
Prayers is a process of selfPrayers is a process of self--purification & Enforcespurification & Enforces
Taharat (cleanliness)Taharat (cleanliness)Prayers keep one away from indecencies andPrayers keep one away from indecencies and
prohibitionsprohibitions
Prayers instill hope and removes sinsPrayers instill hope and removes sins
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Prayer is what Shaytan hates,Prayer is what Shaytan hates,
Prayer is a weapon to confront your enemies,Prayer is a weapon to confront your enemies,
Prayer is what will assist you with The Angel ofPrayer is what will assist you with The Angel of
Death (AS),Death (AS),
Prayer is the light in your grave,Prayer is the light in your grave,
Prayer is an answer to Munkar and Nakeer (AS)Prayer is an answer to Munkar and Nakeer (AS)
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O Allah! We are weak, unable andO Allah! We are weak, unable andlagging behind the caravan of thelagging behind the caravan of the
devotees on the road to you. O Allah!devotees on the road to you. O Allah!You Yourself help us. O Allah! Treat usYou Yourself help us. O Allah! Treat us
with Your grace and do not treat us withwith Your grace and do not treat us with
Your justice.Your justice.ImamKhomeini (RA)ImamKhomeini (RA)
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Quran:Quran:
Verily my Salaat,my efforts,my life,myVerily my Salaat,my efforts,my life,my
death and are only forGod, the Lord ofdeath and are only forGod, the Lord ofWorlds.Worlds.
(Surah An'am Ayah 162)(Surah An'am Ayah 162)
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May God bless us withMay God bless us with toufiqtoufiqto offerto offerSalaatSalaat in such a manner that His friendsin such a manner that His friends
(Awliya Allah) have instructed us to pray(Awliya Allah) have instructed us to prayand derive same spiritual pleasures andand derive same spiritual pleasures and
practical benefits in the life ofthis worldpractical benefits in the life ofthis world
and hereafter that God has kept for hisand hereafter that God has kept for hissincere servants. Amensincere servants. Amen
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May Allah bless you all for yourMay Allah bless you all for your
attentionattention
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