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Tanker Officer Training Standards (TOTS)

4E Crude Oil Tanker Simulator Training Course


CONTENTS

Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................................1TOTS Reference....................................................................................................................................................................1STCW 95 Reference............................................................................................................................................................1Physical Realism....................................................................................................................................................................2Behavioural Realism..........................................................................................................................................................2Operating Environment...................................................................................................................................................2Simulator Facility...................................................................................................................................................................2

SimulatorExercisesExercise 1. Shipandsimulatorfamiliarisation...........................................................................................4Exercise 2. Startinertgasplantandcommenceprimaryinerting............................................5Exercise 3. Completionofprimaryinertingbydilution.......................................................................6Exercise 4. Completionofprimaryinertingbydisplacement........................................................8Exercise 5. Cargoplanningpriortoloadingatwogradecargoofcrudeoil....................10Exercise 6. Commenceloading.............................................................................................................................12Exercise 7. Completeloading..................................................................................................................................13Exercise 8. Loadedpassage....................................................................................................................................14Exercise 9. Commencedischarge.......................................................................................................................15Exercise 10. CrudeOilWash4P&Sheavyweatherballasttanks...........................................16Exercise 11. Starttakingheavyweatherballast.........................................................................................18Exercise 12. Completedischarge............................................................................................................................19Exercise 13. Waterwash1Scargotank..........................................................................................................20Exercise 14. Purgeandgasfree1Scargotankforentry................................................................21Exercise 15. Decantingslopsafterwaterwashingandballasting..............................................22

Appendix I CargoStowagePlan..........................................................................................................................23


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©INTERTANKO2008

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Norelianceshouldbeplacedontheinformationcontainedinthispublicationwithoutindependentverification.

INTERTANKO (TOTS) — 4E Crude Oil Tanker Simulator Training Course 1



PrerequisitesItisintendedthatbythetimecandidatesaregiventhistankersimulatortraining,theyhaveexperiencedseatimeonsimilartankersandhavetakenpartinthesimilarexercisessimulatedhere.Thisencounterwithsimulatedexercisesshouldnotbetheirfirstexperienceofsuchoperations.

Itisintendedthatthesimulatorusedforthistrainingwillenabledemonstrationofthefollowingcompetencies:

TOTS Reference CompetenceTOTS4E Trainingincrudeoiltankeroperations

STCW 95 Reference CompetenceTableA-II/1.9 Monitortheloading,stowage,securing,careduringthevoyageand

unloadingofcargoes.

TableA-II/3.6 Maintainseaworthinessoftheship.TableA-II/3.8TableA-III/1.11

TableA-II/2.11 Planandensuresafeloading,stowage,securing,careduringvoyageandunloadingofcargoes.

TableA-II/12.2 Carriageofdangerouscargoes.TableA-II/2.13 Controltrim,stabilityandstressTableA-III/12.12

TableA-II/2.14 MonitorandcontrolcompliancewithlegislativeTableA-III/2.13 requirementsandmeasurestoensuresafetyoflifeatseaand

protectionofthemarineenvironment.SectionA-V/1.19 Shipoperations(oiltanker)SectionA-V/1.21 Emergencyoperations(oiltanker)

Forinstructor,supervisorandassessorqualificationsseeSTCW95RegulationI/6,SectionA-I/6paragraph3andA-I/12paragraphs6to9.

INTERTANKO (TOTS) — 4E Crude Oil Tanker Simulator Training Course2

Physical RealismThesimulatorusedshouldfulfilthefollowingminimumrequirements:

• Itwillsimulateatypicalcargohandlingsystemfoundonachemicaltankerbasedonrealoperationalvessels.

• Theequipmentisarrangedinashiplikemanner.

Thesimulatorincludesthefollowingcomponentsandsubsystems:

• Cargocontrolsystem• Ballastcontrolsystem• Tankcleaningsystem• CrudeOilWashingsystem• Overboarddischargeandmonitoringsystems• Tankcontentmonitoringsystems• Inert/ventingcontrolsystemincluding,gasfreeing,purgingandaerating• Tankatmospherecontrolsystem• Alarmsystem• Communicationsystem• Cargopumpingsystem• Asystemforcommunicatingwith‘theoutsideworld’• Astabilityandstresscalculator.

Additionalresources: Ship/shorechecklist CrudeOilWashingchecklist CargoOilRecordBookextracts Logsheets

Behavioural Realism IMO Model Course 1.04 Part D Appendix 9Thesimulatormodelreplicatesthedynamicbehaviourofthecargohandlingsystemanditsparameters.Furthermore,thesimulatormodelsimulatesthecomponents,theirprocessesandcontrolsystems.Itwillbepossibletointroducefailures,breakdownsandweartoallequipmentsimulated.

Operating Environment IMO Model Course 1.04 Part D Appendix 9Thesimulatorwillsimulaterestrictionsandfailuresinthecargotransfer,forinstance,introducedbythesimulatedshoreterminal.Alarmswillbeannouncedbyflashingalarmlampsandsoundinthe‘cargocontrolroom’.

Simulator FacilityTheseexerciseshavebeenwrittentakingintoaccountthevarietyofsimulatorswhichmaybeusedtofacilitatethem.Asfewspecificfeaturesaspossiblehavebeenfeatured,soastoincreasetheadaptabilityoftheexercisestothevarioussimulatorsavailable.

Thetankerinthispackageisdoublehulled,has6pairsofwingtanksandapairofsloptanks.Thereare3manifolds,4cargopumpsand2ballastpumps.Theballasttankarrangementhasnotbeenspecifiedandneitherhastheventingsystem.Itisassumedthetankerhasacargopumproomandassociatednetworkoflines.

Itissuggestedthattheindividualtrainingfacilitiesselecttwogradesofcrudeoiltoillustratehowspecificphysicalorchemicalpropertiesmayinfluencethehandlingandcarriageofcrudeoil.

However,thesimulatorshouldhaveitsownCargoOperationsManualwhichwillbeusedduringthetraining.


Simulator ExercisesExercise 1. ShipandsimulatorfamiliarisationExercise 2. StartinertgasplantandcommenceprimaryinertingExercise 3. CompletionofprimaryinertingbydilutionExercise 4. CompletionofprimaryinertingbydisplacementExercise 5. CargoplanningpriortoloadingatwogradecargoofcrudeoilExercise 6. CommenceloadingExercise 7. CompleteloadingExercise 8. LoadedpassageExercise 9. CommencedischargeExercise 10. CrudeOilWash4P&SheavyweatherballasttanksExercise 11. StarttakingheavyweatherballastExercise 12. CompletedischargeExercise 13. Waterwash1ScargotankExercise 14. Purgeandgasfree1ScargotankforentryExercise 15. Decantingslopsafterwaterwashingandballasting

Appendix I CargoStowagePlan

Exercise DescriptionsWhatfollowsbywayofexercisedescriptionshasbeenwrittenintheformofstudents’objectives.Inordertopreventmultipleduplication,thenotesmayalsoformguidanceforinstructors.


EXERCISE 1 Simulator and Ship Familiarisation

ObjectiveThepurposeofthisexerciseistohelpyoubecomefamiliarwiththeoperationofthesimulatorandthecargosystem.Atthesametime,youwillundertakethenecessaryteststoensuretheInertGasGeneratorisfullyoperational,finishballastingtheforepeakandtesttheoperationofacargopump.

InformationThevesselhasjustdepartedfromdrydock,sothecargosystemisgasfreeandwillneedinerting.Allbunkers,freshwaterandballastareasperthenormalballastcondition,otherthentheforepeakballasttank,whichneedstoppingup.

Note:itisappreciatedthatnotallliquidcargosimulatorswillhaveexactlythesamefunctionsincorporated.Thefollowingaresuggestionsofsystemsthatneedfamiliarisation:

1. Checkthevariousdisplaypagesofthesimulatorandfamiliariseyourselfwiththeinformationshown.WhereistheEMERGENCYSHUTDOWNbutton?

2. Changepagesandoperatevalves.

3. FindthepagesdealingwiththeBALLASTSYSTEM.

4. Itissuggestedthatashortballastingoperationtakesplaceduringthisfamiliarisationexercise.Perhapsoneballastspacecouldbetoppedup.Thisoperationwillprovideagoodopportunityforbestpracticeofpumpandlineoperationtobeobserved.

5. FamiliariseyourselfwiththeALARMPANELpage.

6. FamiliariseyourselfwiththeGASDETECTIONfacility.

7. Whilethevesselhasbeenindrydock,manypartsoftheinertgasplanthavebeenopenedupforrepairandmaintenance.TheboilershavealreadybeenflashedupandthenexttasksaretorestoretheIGSystemtosafety,startuptheplantandtestitsinterlocksandshutdownspriortouse.Thisoperationalsoprovidesagoodopportunitytotestthecommunicationssystemswiththeengineroom.

8. Dependingonthesimulatorbeingused,thevariouspartsoftheINERTGASSYSTEMcanbechecked;thereforethestudentwillbeexpectedto:

• Monitoroxygencontentandalarms • Initiatewatersupplytoplant • Demonstrategaslineup • Demonstratestartingoftheblower • Takeappropriateactionintheeventofhighoxygencontent • MoveandlubricatenonreturnvalvebeforestartingIGplant • Ensureinstrument/controlairlinesaredrainedbeforestart • Ensurefluegasvalveshavebeencleanedbeforeoperation • StartIGgenerator • Identifyproblemsandtakeappropriatecorrectiveaction

9. Aswellasthefixedgasdetectingsystem,donotforgetthestandardpracticeofutilisingportablegasdetectors,whererequired.

10. StarttheInertGasSystemaspertheoperatingmanualandchecktheAUTOMATICSHUTDOWNfacility.

11. Donotforgettomonitortheballastingofthetankbeingworked.

12. Inordertofamiliariseyourselfwiththecargosystem,itissuggestedtowaterflushthecargolinesystem.Seawatercanbetakenfromaseasuctionanddepositedinasloptank.Whenappropriate,theflushcancontinuebyre-circulatingseawaterfromthechosensloptank.Testtheeductors,whilstexecutingthisoperation.


13. Whilstsendingseawateraroundthecargosystem,taketheopportunitytotestthesteamsystembyheatingthewater.

EXERCISE 2 Start inert gas plant and commence primary inerting

ObjectiveThepurposeofthisexerciseistoproduceandexecuteanoperationalprocedureforstartingtheIGplantfromanormalshutdowncondition,andthentocommenceprimaryinertingofthecargotanksincludingresidueandsloptanksusingEITHERadilutionORdisplacementmethod.

Information1. Onthisvessel,primaryinertingcanbeachievedbyusingeitherthedilution(mixing)method,orthe

displacement(layer)method.

2. InertgascanbeventedfromthecargotanksviaeithertheIGinletstothemastriser,thecargolines,purgepipes,ortheshortstandpipesondeck,thelattertwooptionsbeingactivatedbyinsertingtheappropriatespoolpieces.

3. NotetheP/Vvalvepressureandvacuumsettingonyoursimulatormodel.NotealsotheIGblowercapacities.

4. Thevesselhasjustleftdrydockandisonpassagetotheloadingport.Notetheforwardandaftdraftofthevessel.Thefirstloadingportisfivedayssteamingaway.

5. Theseaandairtemperaturesshouldbenotedandanymajorcontrastconsidered.

6. Allportableinstrumentshavebeencheckedandcalibrated.

7. TheIGsystemissetforsafety,i.e.thewaterpumpservingthescrubbersealanddecksealisON.Inaddition,thescrubbercoolingwaterpumphasbeenswitchedONandthescrubbertowerhasbeenflushedforatleastfifteenminutes.Allothertestsandchecksontheplanthavebeencompleted.

Competence Requirements1. Identifyanddescribeanunderstandingofthetwomethodsofprimaryinerting,dilutionordisplacement.

2. Identifytherelativedensityofthegasesinvolvedintheinertingoperation.

3. Ifdilutionmethodischosen,statehowmanytankswillinitiallybeopenedandtheexpecteddurationoftheoperation.

4. Ifdisplacementischosen,statetheminimumnumberoftankstobeinertedatanyonetime.

5. StatewhetherthemainGasRegulatingValveshouldbeusedinAUTOorMANUALforthisoperation.

6. Identifyandapplyappropriatemonitoringrequirementsduringtheinertingprocedure.

7. Statewhatchecksonthesystemwillbemadeduringthisoperation.

8. Statethemaximumpermittedoxygenconcentrationintheinertgasbeingdeliveredtothecargosystem.

9. Statethemaximumpermittedoxygenconcentrationintheinertgasinsidetheindividualcargotanksinorderforthetanktobeconsideredinert.

10. Stateatypicalchemicalcompositionofinertgasfromaboileruptake.

11. Identifyappropriatesamplingpositionsintanksforusewithportablegasanalysingequipment.

12. Identifyappropriatepressurestowhichthegasmainmayberaised.

13. Statethehazardsofinertingafteraninertgasplantbreakdown.


EXERCISE 3 Completion of primary inerting by dilution

ObjectiveThepurposeofthisexerciseistocompletetheprimaryinertingofthecargoandsloptanksusingthedilutionmethod.Acargotankoxygenlevelreadinglogshouldbemaintained.Uponcompletionoftheoperation,thesystemshouldbepressurisedandtheIGsystemshutdowninasafemanner.

Information1. TheIGsystemisinoperationwithoneblowerandtheGasRegulatingValvein‘manual’mode.

2. Thelastsetofcargotanks,6Pand6S,arecurrentlybeinginerted,inviathedeckdistributionsystemandoutviathestandpipes.AllothertanksexceptthesloptankshavebeencompletedbutnotcheckedorpressurisedandarecurrentlyisolatedfromtheIGsystem.

3. Checkyourcompany’sInertGasOperatingManual;

Whatisthemaximumoxygencontentpermittedinthecargotankspriortoloadingcargo?

Ensuretheoxygenreadingstakenarerecorded.

Establishtheminimumpermittedpressureontheinertedsystemunderallconditionsofoperation.

4. Assessthelistofreadings(appended)suppliedbyanexperiencedandreliablememberofthedeckwatch.Thesereadingsweretakeninthelasthour.

5. Allportablegasdetectinginstrumentshavebeencheckedandcalibrated.

6. Thevesselisnowwithin72hoursoftheloadport.

Competence Requirements1. Statewhatconditionshavetobesatisfiedbeforeprimaryinertinghasbeencompletedsuccessfully.

2. Statewhatwillbethefinalstatusoftheinertgasplantanddistributionsystem.

3. Statewhatcheckswillbemadeonthesystemafterfinalshutdown.

4. Shutdowntheinertgasplantuponcompletionoftheoperation.

• Describeasafelyshutdownplant • Shutdowntheplant • Waterflushthefluegasscrubber • Flushtheoverboardvalvesandlines • Describepostshutdownmaintenance • Describeblowerflushingandinternalinspection • Settheplantforsafety • Ensurethewatersupplyisrunningandthealarmsareinorder


• Incorporatetheroutinetestingofinterlocksduringshutdown.

OXYGEN READING REPORT

SlopP Top 20.81% SlopS Top 20.81%Middle 20.81% Middle 20.81%Bottom 20.81% Bottom 20.81%

6S Top 6.51% 6P Top 6.36%Middle 6.49% Middle 6.38%Bottom 6.52% Bottom 6.41%







EXERCISE 4 Completion of primary inerting by displacement

ObjectiveThepurposeofthisexerciseistocompletetheprimaryinertingofthecargoandsloptanksusingthedisplacementmethod.Acargotankoxygenlevelreadinglogshouldbemaintained.Uponcompletionoftheoperation,thesystemshouldbepressurisedandtheIGsystemshutdowninasafemanner.

Information1. TheIGsystemisinoperationwithoneblowerandtheGasRegulationValvein‘manual’mode.

2. Thelastsetoftanks2P,2S,3P,3S,5Pand5Sarecurrentlybeinginerted,inviathebottomcargolinesandoutviathedeckstandpipes.AllothertankshavebeencompletedbutnotcheckedorpressurisedandarecurrentlyisolatedfromtheIGsystem.

3. Checkyourcompany’sInertGasOperatingManual;

Whatisthemaximumoxygencontentpermittedinthecargotankspriortoloadingcargo?

Ensuretheoxygenreadingstakenarerecorded.

Establishtheminimumpermittedpressureontheinertedsystemunderallconditionsofoperation.

4. Assessthelistofreadings(appended)suppliedbyanexperiencedandreliablememberofthedeckwatch.Thesereadingsweretakeninthelasthour.

5. Allportablegasdetectinginstrumentshavebeencheckedandcalibrated.

6. Thevesselisnowwithin72hoursoftheloadport.

Competence Requirements1. Statewhatconditionshavetobesatisfiedbeforeprimaryinertinghasbeencompletedsuccessfully.

2. Statewhatwillbethefinalstatusoftheinertgasplantanddistributionsystem.

3. Statewhatcheckswillbemadeonthesystemafterfinalshutdown.

4. Shutdowntheinertgasplantuponcompletionoftheoperation.

• Describeasafelyshutdownplant • Shutdowntheplant • Waterflushthefluegasscrubber • Flushtheoverboardvalvesandlines • Describepostshutdownmaintenance • Describeblowerflushingandinternalinspection • Settheplantforsafety • Ensurethewatersupplyisrunningandthealarmsareinorder


• Incorporatetheroutinetestingofinterlocksduringshutdown.

OXYGEN READING REPORT

SlopP Top 2.95% SlopS Top 3.05%Middle 2.94% Middle 3.06%Bottom 2.96% Bottom 3.05%






1S Top 2.91% 1P Top 2.91%Middle 2.90% Middle 2.92%


Bottom 2.89% Bottom 2.91%

EXERCISE 5 Cargo planning prior to loading a cargo of crude oil

ObjectiveToprepareacargoplanandoperationalprocedure,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions,fortheloadingoftwogradesofcrudeoil.

Information1. Thefollowinginformationhasbeenreceivedregardingthecargotobeloaded:

• Vesselistoloadtwogradesofcrudeoil

• Grade1: Note API Temperature Quantity

Tobeloadedintotanks1P&S,3P&S,4P&S,6P&Sandtheportsloptank.Thisisthefirstgradetobeloadedthroughtheaftmanifold.

• Grade2: Note API Temperature Quantity

Tobeloadedintotanks2P&S,5P&Sandthestarboardsloptank,throughtheforwardtwomanifolds.

2. Itissuggestedadraftlimitationisimposedinthisexercise.

3. Bothgradesaretobeloadedconcurrently

4. Notethemaximumloadingrateprovidedbytheshoreinrelationtothevessel’sownloadingcapability.Checktheindividualtankventingcapabilities.

5. Thedistributionandquantitiesofballast,freshwater,fuelandstoresonarrivalattheouteranchorageareasinthe‘NormalLoadCondition’.

6. Beforeberthing,bunkerswillbetakenintheouteranchorage.Notehowthiswillaffectthearrivaldraft,stressesandstability.

Competence Requirements1. PlanthestatusoftheIGsystemandtankventingsystemduringthisoperation.

2. Refertothevesselcargooperationsmanualfordetailsoftankgroupingandsuggestedlineup.

3. Ensurethatvesselstabilityandhullstressesarewithinsafelimitsatalltimesduringtheoperation.

4. RefertotheCargoOperationsManualforspecificcargohandlinginformationandwarningregardingtheeffectsoffreesurface.

5. ReadExercises6and7.Notewhichwillbethecompletinggrade.

6. Inordertocreateafinishloadingexercisespecifictoyourloadingplan,itislikelyauniqueexercisewillberequiredtobeprogrammedintoyoursimulator.Inordertocreatethis,dependingonthesimulatorinuse,youmayalsosupplythefollowinginformation;

• Finalloadedconditionofeachtankasapercentagefull.


• Theconditionofthelast4pairsofwingtankstobetoppedoffbeforefinishingloading.Thisshouldalsobesuppliedasthetankpercentagefull.Notethatyouarerequiredtotopoffallofthelast4pairsofwingtanksinthe“CompleteLoading”exercise(6).

7. Stateintheplanhowthefollowingloadingissuesmaybemonitored;

• Cargoloadingrates • Startingprocedure • Venting • Monitoringfullandemptytanks • Locationandreadinessofsafetyequipment • Locationandreadinessofpollutionequipment • Shutdownprocedures,bothroutineandemergency • Deballasting • Pumproomsegregation • Lineup • Toppingoff


8. Theplanshouldalsobeflexibleincaseofachangeinloadingsequence.

EXERCISE 6 Commence Loading

ObjectiveToexecuteanoperationalprocedure,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions,forthestartloadingoftwogradesofcrudeoil.

Information1. Thevesselisberthedportsidealongside.

2. Allmanifoldshavebeenconnected.

3. Alllocalandterminalregulationsarebeingcompliedwith,andtheship/shoresafetychecklistasperAppendixAofISGOTThasbeencompleted.

4. Theoxygencontentwithinallthetankshasbeencheckedandfoundtobelessthan8%asrequiredbytheterminal.

5. Theinertgassystemisshutdownandsetforsafety.

Competence Requirements1. Startloadprocedure.Donotopenmanifoldvalvesuntiltheagreementofthejettyoperatorhasbeen

obtained.

2 Limitthenumberoftankstobeloadedtoonelineonetank.

3. Establishalowinitialloadingrate.

4. Checkoffshoreandisolatedmanifolds.

5. Communicatewithdeckstafftoensuresafetyandpollutionchecksarebeingmaintained.

6. Statewhenthedeballastingoperationshouldstartandcheck:

• Cleanlinessofthesurfaceofthewaterbeingdischarged • Cleanlinessofharbourwateroverboardhavingstarteddeballasting • Deballastthroughappropriateseavalve

7. Prepareandusesanactionplantodealwiththepossibilityof:

• Stuckvalves • Leakingvalves • Communicationfailure • Gaugefailure

8. Describehowthefollowingstabilityissuesmaybemonitored:

• Longitudinal • Transverse • FreeSurface • Hullstresses • Bendingmomentsandsheerforces

9. Duringbulkloadingmonitor: loadingrate stresses

10. Adjustcargoflowfortrimandlistpurposes.


11. Monitormooringsandmaintainsecurity.

EXERCISE 7 Complete Loading

ObjectiveToexecuteanoperationalprocedure,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions,forthecompletionofloadingtwogradesofcrudeoil.

Information1. Thevesselisberthedportsidealongside.

2. Allmanifoldshavebeenconnected.

3. Deballastingisalmostcompleted,ballasttanks5and6remaintobefinished.

4. ThevesseliscurrentlyloadingcrudeoilGrade2throughbothofthetwoforwardmanifolds,thefirstgradehavingbeentoppedoffandtheaftmanifoldclosedoncompletion.

5. Thevesseliscurrentlyloadingatthemaximumbulkloadingrate.Considertheloadingrateappropriateortoppingofftanksandthenoticetheterminalrequirestoreducetherate.

6. Ship’smanifoldvalvesshouldremainintheopenpositionuntilshorehasagreedthattheymaybeclosed.

7. Theemergencystopprocedurehasbeenagreedasfollows:

• Thejettyshouldbecontactedbyradio. • Jettyoperatorwillthentakeappropriateactiontostopthecargoasquicklyaspossible. • Thevesselwillbeinformedwhenitissafetoclosethemanifoldvalves.

Competence Requirements1. Carefulchecksontheoperationshouldbemaintainedatalltimesincludingmanifoldpressures,flow

ratesandtankullages.

2. Statewhichtoppingoffprocedureistobeused.

3. Shutthetanksinapredeterminedsequence.

4. Adjustflowratestoavoidcreatinganexcessivemanifoldpressure.

5. Monitorcompletedtanksforasteadyullage.

6. Confirmthecompletionprocedureswiththeterminal.

7. Carryoutlinedrainingtoavoidthepressureoftrappedcargo.

8. Drainthemanifoldinsuchawayastoavoidspills.


EXERCISE 8 Loaded passage

ObjectiveMinimiselossesduetoevaporationasfaraspracticable.Monitorcargocontainment.

Information1. DiscusstankpressuremanagementandareductioninVOClosses,especiallythebenefitsinreducing

theselosses.

2. Novapoursegregationisrequired,acommonmainmaybeused.

3. Nocargoheatingisrequired.

Competence Requirements1. Cargotankullagesstillneedmonitoringduringtheloadedpassageaswellasballastspacesforany

hydrocarbonleakage.

2. Statewhichvesselstressandstabilityistobemonitoredduringthisexercise.

3. Priortoarrivalatthedischargeport,achecklistneedstobecompleted.

4. Statehowthepressureandvacuumsettingsontheventingsystemswillaffectthisissue.

5. Monitorthecargotankpressureandtopupwithinertgasifnecessary.

6. Intheeventofcargoleakageintoaballastspace,activateappropriateactionplanandreportingprocedure.

Discharge PatternTodischargeGrade1CrudeOilfrom1P&S,3P&S,4P&S,6P&SandtheportsloptankandGrade2CrudeOilfrom2P&S,5P&Sandthestarboardsloptank,

TankstoCrudeOilWashthisvoyageare2p&s,4p&s,6p&s.Topwashingtobestartedwhenthestatedullageisreachedinthesetanks,aspertheCargoOperationsManual.

Extremeweatherconditionsprevailoutsidethedischargeportandonepairofcargotankswillbeballastedforsafetypurposes.

1. Alltankstobedebottomedby1metre.Bothgradestobedebottomedatthesametimebutkeptsegregated.

2. Bothgradestobekeptsegregatedtotheextentpossible,anddischargedconsecutively,theGrade1parcelfirst.

3. Grade1Crudetobedischargedusingtwomaincargopumps.

4. Toassistvapourmanagementwhiletakingheavyweatherballast,number3p&scargotankswillbeheldatapproximatelyhalffulluntil1P&S,3P&S,4P&S,6P&ShavebeendischargedandarereadyforCOW.

5. DuringdischargeofGrade1crude,apre-preparedballastingplanshouldbefollowed.Decidewhichpairofwingballasttankswillberequiredfortrimandlistadjustment.

6. WhenCOWiscompleted,heavyweatherwaterballastistobepumpedinto4p&scargotanks.

7. Grade2CrudeOilbulktobedischargedwithonemaincargopump.

8. DuringdischargeofGrade2CrudeOil,continuetheballastplan.

9. DuringdischargeofGrade2CrudeOil,COWno.2p&scargotanksusingthestarboardsloptankassourceofCOWandeductordriveliquid.


10. Oncompletionofdischarge,allcargoistobethoroughlydrainedfrompipelinesandpumpsandsentashore.

EXERCISE 9 Commence discharge

ObjectivesToplanandexecuteanoperationalprocedure,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions,forthestartofdischargeofacargoofcrudeoil.

Information1. Thevessel’sdischargeplanhasbeendiscussedandagreedwiththeterminal:

• Alltanksexceptsloptankstobede-bottomedbyatleast1metre • AllGrade1CrudetobedischargedfirstfollowedbyGrade2.

2. Aship/shoresafetychecklisthasalsobeencompleted.

3. Thevesselisportsidealongside,andhasallthreemanifoldsconnected.

4. Theinertgasplanthasbeentestedbeforearrivalandnodefectsfound.Itiscurrentlysetforsafety.Allcargotankshavebeentestedforoxygencontentandfoundtobesatisfactory.

5. Themaincargopumpshavebeenwarmingthroughforthelasthour.

6. De-bottomingofbothgradestobedonesimultaneously,butthegradesmustbekeptsegregated.

7. StartdischargeofeachgradeataslowrateandobtaintheagreementoftheJettyOperatorbeforeincreasingtomaximumrate.Donotstartdischargeofthesecondgradebottomsuntilthefirstgradeisbeingdischargedatmaximumrate.

8. Assoonasdischargeisprogressingsmoothly,startballastingandinformtheJettyOperatorofthestarttime.

Competence Requirements1. Stateandpreparethelineset-uppriortocommencingdischarge.

2. StateandpreparetheoperationalstatusoftheIGplant.

3. RefertotheCargoOperationsManualforspecificcargopumpandcargodischargeinformation.

4. Preparethecargopumpsforoperation.

5. Monitorthepumprunningconditionswithreferenceto:

• Suctionanddischargepressures • Cargotanklevel • Manifoldflow

6. Balancepumpspeedsforcommondischargewheninparallel.

7. Monitorandcontrolsuctionanddischargepressures.

8. Commencethedischargeinlinewithbestpractice:

• Fillthelineandpumpgradually • Ensurethepumproomismanned • Limitthenumberoftanksopenatonetime • Startthepumponslowspeedandacceptshandoverfromtheengineer • Openthemanifoldwithterminalagreement • Directthedeckwatchtocarryoutsafetyandcounterpollutionmonitoring • Monitoractiveandclosedcargotanklevels.

9. Continuetomonitorlongitudinalandtransversestability.


10. Continuetomonitordraft,listandtrim.

EXERCISE 10 Crude Oil Wash 4 P & S the heavy weather ballast tanks

ObjectiveToexecuteanoperationalproceduretobottomcrudeoilwashbothofNo.4portandstarboardcargotanks.

Information1. Thevesselisportsidealongside,withallthreemanifoldsconnected.

2. Allcargotankshavebeende-bottomedbyaminimumof1metreandtheportsloptankhasbeenrechargedwith“dry”crude.TheCOWtopwashwascompletedwhenthetankinnagecorrespondedwiththeOperationsManual.

3. BulkdischargeoftheGrade1Crudecargoin1,4and6p&shasbeencompletedandafewcentimetresremain.

4. OnemaincargopumpisdischargingGrade2Crudefrom3p&scargotanks.

5. Theballastplanisbeingfollowed.

6. Theinertgasdistributionsystemiscommonondeckandtheplantisinoperation,withthegasregulatingvalvesettoautomatic.

Competence Requirements1. StatetheprerequisitesforCrudeOilWashingasfixedwashingmachinesandaninertatmosphere.

2. Describesmachinetypesandwashpatterns,suchas:

• Singlenozzleprogrammable • Fittedwithfixeddriveunit • Usingportabledriveunit • Non-programmable(orpre-programmed)doublenozzle

3. Describeanddemonstratesettingsofprogrammablemachinesfor:

• Washangle • Pitch • RPM

4. DescribethepreparationsforCOWandemploysrelevantchecklist:

• Pipelinetesttooperatingpressure • Oxygenanalysercalibration • Blankhydrantswhichmayhavebeenusedforwaterwashing • Ensurepollutioncontrolproceduresinplace • DischargethebottomonemetreofcrudetobeusedasasourceforCOWtoreducestatic

generation • Confirmisolationofthetankcleaningheater

5. BefamiliarwiththecontentsoftheOperations&EquipmentManual.

6. Usestheappropriatewashprogramme.


7. ControlthelinepressurewhenstartingCOWandwhenchangingtanks.

8. Takeoxygenreadingsinthetankpriortowashingtoverifyoxygencontentoflessthan8%byvolume.

9. ProvidedriveforCOW:

• COWpump • Bleedoffanydischarge • Cargopumptakenoutofdischarge

10. KeepbottomoftankoilfreetowardstheendofCOWbycontrollingstrippingwith:

• Eductor(statecapacityanddrivefluidrequirements) • Strippingpump(statecapacityandrequiredstrokesperminute) • Sterntrimcomplyingwithminimumrequired

11. StatethatthecapacityofthestrippingarrangementsisrelatedtothroughputoftheCOWmachines(1.25)

12. Adjustwashingmachinenozzleanglesasnecessary.

13. Monitortankpressuretopreventvapouremissionsonstartofwashingandensurethatthepressureisalwayspositive.

14. StatetheabortconditionsforCOWas:

• Oxygenlevelintheinertgasbeingdeliveredexceeds8%byvolume.


• Thepressureoftheatmosphereinthetanksisnolongerpositive.

EXERCISE 11 Start taking heavy weather ballast

ObjectiveTodraintheheavyweatherballasttanksandpipelinesofoilandtostartfillingthetankswithseawater.

Information1. DischargeoftheGrade1parcelofcrudeisnearingcompletionandcrudeoilwashingoftheheavy

weatherballasttankshasbeencompleted.

2. Themaincargopumpsarerunningasfollows:

• Portsloptankisbeingdischargedonemaincargopump • No.3p&scargotanksbeingdischargedwithanothermaincargopump

3. Portballastpumpisballastingasperplan.

4. Theinertgassystemiscommonondeckandthegasregulatingvalveissettoautomatic.

Competence Requirements1. Statetherequirementsfortakingheavyweatherballastinthecargotanksas:

• TanktohavebeenCrudeOilWashed • Pipelinesusedtobedrainedofoil • Pipelinestobeflushedintoasloptank • Ensurethathydrocarbonvapourisventedthroughtheapprovedventingsystem • Statethatwhenstartingtoloadcargotankballast,pumpsshouldbeoperatedinaccordancewith

theICS/OCIMFpublication“PreventionofOilSpillagesThroughCargoPumproomSeavalves” • Statethatifanon-inertedtankcontaininghydrocarbonvapouristobeballasted,valveoperation

andfillingratemustbecontrolledtopreventsprayingofwaterwhichmaycreateanelectrostatically chargedmist

2. Controlinertgassystemwithregardto:

• Tankpressure • Vapouremissions • Vapourbalancing-concurrentballastingandcargodischarge

3. Exercisepollutionpreventionproceduresbycontrolling:

• Pumpstartingatveryslowspeed • Openingseasuctionvalve • Centrifugalpumpspeedcontrol,avoidtrip • Consideruseofstrippingpumptocreatevacuum • Carryoutoversidecheck

4. Statethatotherallowableoperationalexceptionsfortakingcargotankballastincargotanksare:

• passageunderalowbridge • heightofloadingconnections(andcombinationcarrierhatchcoamings)relativetoshoresystems


• localregulationsrequiringspecificdraftforsafenavigation • (exceptionsformaintenancereasonsareallowed)

EXERCISE 12 Complete discharge

ObjectivesToexecuteanoperationalproceduretocompletethedischargeofacargoofcrudeoil.

Information1. Thevesselisportsidealongsidewithallthreemanifoldsconnected.

2. Thedischargeisnearingcompletion,allbulkGrade1Crudehasbeendischarged,andasmallamountofGrade2Cruderemainstobedischarged.Cargopumpsandlinesmustbedrained(ithasbeenagreedthatattheendofbulkdischarge,drainingsofbothgradeswillbeacceptedasamixture).

3. Onemaincargopumpisdischargingthestarboardsloptank.

4. Theportballastpumpisfillingoneballasttanktocorrectthelist.

5. Considerthefollowingadvice:

Attheappropriatetanksoundingthevacuumpumpcanbestartedandtheautostrippingsystemactivated,dependingonthesimulatormodel.

Uponcompletionofdischarge,cargopipelinesmustbedrainedtotheshoretanks.Thiscanbeachievedinoneoftwoways:

a) Bydroppingthelinestothesloptankandredrainingthesloptanktoshoreviathe‘MARPOLLine’:

b) Bydrainingthelinesdirectlytothestrippingpumpandpumpingthedrainingsashoreviathe “MARPOL”Line.

Theseprocedureswilldependonthefacilitiesofferedbytheparticularsimulatorinuse.

Competence Requirements1. Describetheequipmentwithcentrifugalpumpsfortankdrainingas:

• Automaticself-primingstrippingsystems(Vac-Strip,PrimaVac) • Operatessuchsystemsinautomaticandinmanualmodes • Describetheoptimumtankdrainingsequenceasfromfor’dtoaft • Statethatsuctionvalvesarenotthrottledwhenusingthesystem

2. Describetheauxiliarytankdrainingequipmentandstatestheoperatingrequirementsfor:

• Eductors • Reciprocatingpumps

3. Carryoutcargostrippingwithreferenceto:

• Optimumtrimandlist(ifappropriate) • Sequenceformaximumefficiency(mainpump,eductor,reciprocationstrippingpump).

4. Monitorthelevelintankbeingdrainedtoensuretheliquidisactuallymoving.Ifnot,ascertainwhyand/ormovetoanothertank.

5. Completecargodischarge:

• Monitorcompletedtankstoensurevalvesarenotleaking • Draincargodeckmainsandriserstosloptankorpump • Drainresidualliquidfromcentrifugalpumpcasing • UseMARPOLlinetosendfinalresiduesfromsloptankandpumproomashore


• Drainmanifoldconnection • Managepressureofinertgastoensurenoventingoccurs

6. Prepareanduseanactionplantodealwithtypicalproblems:

Tankoverflowresultingfrom:

• Movementofcargobetweentanksofdifferinglevel • Lineuperror • Sloptankoverflowduringeducting • Valveleakageorfailure • Failureofautomaticstrippingsystem • IGplantfailure,eitherpermanentortemporary • Bilgelevelalarm

EXERCISE 13 Water wash 1 S cargo tank

ObjectivePlanandexecutearoutinetankwashingandpreparationoperation,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions.AllMARPOLconcernsmustbeaddressedandtheoperationrecordedintheOilRecordBook.

Information1. Havingsailedfromthedischargeport,tank1Srequiresaroutinewashandinspection.Aroutinewater

washisallthatwillberequired.Atthisstage,thesloptankswillnotbewashedsincetheywillneedtocontaintheresiduesoftankwashings.

2. Asperroutinesafetyprocedures,theinertgassystemmustberunduringthetankwashingprogramme.

3. RemembertomonitortheinertgasqualitybeingdeliveredtothedeckaswellastheIGmainpressure,toensurethatsafetyrequirementsarefulfilled.

Competence RequirementsTankWashing–WithWater

1. Statethatwashingtankswithwateriscarriedouttoenableentryandmaintenance.

2. Statethatwaterwashingiscarriedoutwitheithercoldwaterorhotwaterheated:

Byinlineheater Inasloptank

3. Statethatatankerfittedwithaninertgasplantmustwashtankswiththeatmosphereintheinertconditionandthatcrudetankerssmallerthan20,000dwtwithoutaninertgasplantmaywashtanksinthenon-inertconditionfollowingthemoststringentsafetyprocedures.

ForWashingintheInertCondition:

4. Tankatmosphereistestedandcontrolledtobe8%orlessbyvolumeoxygenandpositivepressure(asforCOW)

Recirculatedwashwatermaybeusedusingoneormoresloptanks

Chemicaladditivesmaybeused,eitherinjectedintothewatersupplyoraddedinbulktothecargoorsloptank

5. Fixedwashingmachinesand/orportablemachinesmaybeused

6. Statethatforportablemachines:


Spotwashingcanbeaccomplished Anelectricalcontinuitytestofthehosesisrequiredbeforeuse(nottoexceed6ohmpermetrelength)

EXERCISE 14 Gas free 1 S cargo tank ready for entry

ObjectivePlanandexecutethegasfreeingof1Scargotank,takingallrelevantsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions.

Information1. Havingwaterwashed1Scargotank,companyproceduresrequirethetanktobegasfreedinorderfor

anentryandroutineinspectiontotakeplace.

2. ConsulttheCompanyManualsothatapprovedproceduresarefollowed.

3. Setuptheinertgasplanttodeliverinertgasto1Sforgasfreeingpurposesandsetuptheventingsystemaccordingly.

4. Planalsotogasfreethetankinaccordancewithapprovedprocedures.

Competence Requirements1. Statethatforaninertedtank,gasfreeingmayonlytakeplaceoncepurginghasbeencompleted

2. StatethateithertheInertGasPlant(q.v.),fixedorportableventilationequipmentmaybeused

3. Describefixedequipmentsuchasa“GolarVent”anddescribestherequirementforisolationfromthecargosystemwhennotinuse

4. Describeportableequipmentas:

• Water/air/hydraulic/steamoperatedfans • Statethatwhenportableequipmentisusedthetankistobeisolatedfromtheinertgas/ventmain • Statethatportabletrunkingmaybeusedbutthatflowcharacteristicsoftheportableequipment

mayindicategreaterefficiencywithout

5. DescribewiththeaidofISGOTT11.4theproceduresandsafetyprecautionstobetakenwhengasfreeingwithportableequipment


EXERCISE 15 Decanting slops after water washing and ballasting

ObjectivePlanandexecutethelegitimatedisposalofslopsfromthestarboardsloptank,includingallsafetyandpollutionpreventionprecautions.AllMARPOLconcernsmustbeaddressedandtheoperationrecordedintheOilRecordBook.

Information1. Thevesselisnowtwodaysfromthenextloadport.Weatherconditionshaveimprovedconsiderably

andtheheavyweatherballasthasbeendischarged,withtheoilresiduescontainedinthestarboardsloptank.

2. Inordertominimiseslopsonarrival,theremainingresiduesinthestarboardsloptankhavetobedecanted.

3. Ensuretherequiredcomponentsofthelinesystemareinplacetoenablethestarboardsloptanktobedischarged,viatheOilDischargeMonitoringEquipment,intothesea.

4. Uponcompletionofthisoperation,suchcomponents(e.g.,spoolpiece)shouldberemovedasrequiredpriortoworkingthenextcargo.

Competence Requirements1. Describetherequirementsfordischarge,incompliancewithRegulation34ofRevisedAnnexIMARPOL

73/78,notinaspecialarea:

• morethan50milesfromland • enroute • instantaneousrateofoilcontentdischargenottoexceed30litrespermile • totalquantityofoildischargednottoexceed1/30,000ofthepreviouscargo • OilDischargeMonitoring&Controlsystemandsloptankinuse • anyresidueswhichcannotbedischargedintotheseatoberetainedonboard

2. DescribetheappropriateentriestobemadeintheOilRecordBookPartII-Cargo/ballastoperations

3. Decantingofslopsremainingfromcargotankwaterwashingoperations:

• Describeanddemonstratetheoperationoftheinterfacedetector • Calculatethequantitiesofoilandwaterbyreferencetotankcalibrationtables • Statethattheheatingofslopsisamethodofreducingthequantityofemulsionattheinterface • Demonstratedischargeofthe“clean”partofthesloptankcontents,stopdischargebeforeexcess

oilisdischarged


APPENDIX I

CARGO STOWAGE PLAN

Slop 6 5 4 3 2 1

Grade1CrudeOil 2P&S 5P&S SlopP

Grade2CrudeOil 1P&S 3P&S 4P&S 6P&S SlopP

INTERTANKO London St Clare House

30-33 Minories

London EC3N 1DD

United Kingdom

Tel: +44 20 7977 7010

Fax: +44 20 7977 7011

[email protected]

INTERTANKO OsloNedre Vollgate 4

5th floor

PO Box 761 Sentrum

N-0106 Oslo

Norway

Tel: +47 22 12 26 40

Fax: +47 22 12 26 41

[email protected]

INTERTANKO Asia 5 Temasek Boulevard,

#12-07 Suntec City Tower

Singapore 038985

Tel: +65 6333 4007

Fax: +65 6333 5004

[email protected]

INTERTANKO NorthAmerica801 North Quincy Street

Suite 200

Arlington, VA 22203

USA

Tel: +1 703 373 2269

Fax: +1 703 841 0389

[email protected]