Download - 1MRB520292 Uen Reb500sys Chap 5

REB500/REB500sys 1MRB520292-Uen/Rev. E ABB Switzerland Ltd

March 07

5. CONFIGURATION AND SETTINGS

5.1. Introduction .............................................................................. 5-4

5.2. “View” menu............................................................................. 5-4

5.3. “Configuration” menu ............................................................... 5-5 5.3.1. Configuration / Activate/deactivate device ............................... 5-5 5.3.2. Configuration / Isolators ........................................................... 5-5 5.3.3. Configuration / Circuit-breakers ............................................... 5-7 5.3.4. Configuration / Current transformers........................................ 5-9 5.3.5. Configuration / Voltage transformers ..................................... 5-10 5.3.6. Configuration / Device structure............................................. 5-10 5.3.7. Configuration / Binary module................................................ 5-12 5.3.7.1. Overview................................................................................ 5-12 5.3.7.2. Binary inputs .......................................................................... 5-13 5.3.7.3. Bay unit binary inputs............................................................. 5-18 5.3.7.3.1. General signals......................................................................5-18 5.3.7.3.2. Busbar Protection (BBP)........................................................ 5-22 5.3.7.3.3. Breaker failure protection (BFP) ............................................ 5-22 5.3.7.3.4. End fault protection (EFP)...................................................... 5-24 5.3.7.3.5. Time-overcurrent (OCDT) ...................................................... 5-24 5.3.7.3.6. Disturbance recorder (DR)..................................................... 5-24 5.3.7.3.7. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection (PDF) ................ 5-25 5.3.7.3.8. Voltage release (UV).............................................................. 5-25 5.3.7.3.9. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only) .................................. 5-25 5.3.7.4. Central unit binary inputs ....................................................... 5-26 5.3.7.4.1. General signals......................................................................5-26 5.3.7.4.2. Busbar protection (BBP) ........................................................ 5-28 5.3.7.4.3. Breaker failure protection (BFP) ............................................ 5-29 5.3.7.4.4. End fault protection (EFP)...................................................... 5-29 5.3.7.4.5. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT) ..................................... 5-29 5.3.7.4.6. Disturbance recorder (DR)..................................................... 5-29 5.3.7.4.7. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection (PDF) ................ 5-29 5.3.7.4.8. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only) ................................. 5-29 5.3.7.5. Binary outputs........................................................................ 5-29 5.3.7.6. Binary outputs on the bay units.............................................. 5-34 5.3.7.6.1. General signals......................................................................5-34 5.3.7.6.2. Busbar protection (BBP) ........................................................ 5-36 5.3.7.6.3. Breaker failure protection (BFP) ............................................ 5-36 5.3.7.6.4. End fault protection (EFP)...................................................... 5-37 5.3.7.6.5. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT) ..................................... 5-37

5-1

ABB Switzerland Ltd REB500/REB500sys 1MRB520292-Uen/Rev. E

5.3.7.6.6. Disturbance recorder (DR)..................................................... 5-37 5.3.7.6.7. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection (PDF) ................ 5-38 5.3.7.6.8. Voltage release (UV).............................................................. 5-38 5.3.7.6.9. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only) .................................. 5-38 5.3.7.7. Central unit binary outputs ..................................................... 5-39 5.3.7.7.1. General signals......................................................................5-39 5.3.7.7.2. Busbar protection (BBP) ........................................................ 5-41 5.3.7.7.3. Breaker failure protection (BFP) ............................................ 5-42 5.3.7.7.4. End fault protection (EFP)...................................................... 5-42 5.3.7.7.5. 1^21324567890Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)............ 5-43 5.3.7.7.6. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection (PDF) ................ 5-43 5.3.7.7.7. Voltage release (UV).............................................................. 5-43 5.3.7.7.8. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only) .................................. 5-43 5.3.8. Configuration / Event text....................................................... 5-43 5.3.9. Configuration / Disturbance recorder ..................................... 5-44 5.3.9.1. Analog inputs ......................................................................... 5-44 5.3.9.2. Recording .............................................................................. 5-45 5.3.9.3. Signals ................................................................................... 5-45 5.3.10. Configuration / HMI LED's ..................................................... 5-48 5.3.11. Configuration / CB inspection ................................................ 5-50 5.3.12. Configuration / GPS time synchronization ............................. 5-51

5.4. Settings and calculations ....................................................... 5-51 5.4.1. Rated frequency (not adjustable) ........................................... 5-51 5.4.2. Settings / System response ................................................... 5-51 5.4.2.1. System response to a differential current alarm..................... 5-51 5.4.2.2. System response to an isolator alarm.................................... 5-51 5.4.2.3. Isolator alarm delay................................................................ 5-52 5.4.2.4. Remote trip impulse width...................................................... 5-53 5.4.3. Busbar protection (settings and calculations) ........................ 5-54 5.4.3.1. Restrained amplitude comparison - IKmin and k ................... 5-55 5.4.3.2. Application example............................................................... 5-56 5.4.3.3. Busbar with just two bays ...................................................... 5-58 5.4.3.3.1. Busbar with several bays ....................................................... 5-58 5.4.3.4. Busbar fault with through current ........................................... 5-60 5.4.3.5. Differential current alarm setting ............................................ 5-62 5.4.3.6. Differential current alarm delay setting................................... 5-62 5.4.3.7. Neutral current supervision (operating characteristic L0)....... 5-62 5.4.3.8. Phase comparison ................................................................. 5-62 5.4.4. Overcurrent check for enabling tripping ................................. 5-63 5.4.5. Undervoltage check for enabling tripping............................... 5-63 5.4.6. Voltage release / External release ......................................... 5-63 5.4.7. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only) .................................. 5-63 5.4.8. Breaker failure protection (BFP) ............................................ 5-63 5.4.9. End fault protection (EFP)...................................................... 5-63 5.4.10. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT) ..................................... 5-63

5-2


5.4.11. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function (PDF) ................... 5-63 5.4.12. Event memory........................................................................ 5-63

5-3


5. CONFIGURATION AND SETTINGS

5.1. Introduction

HMI500 is the human-machine interface (HMI) for the protection systems REB500 and REB500sys. For brevity, these operating instructions refer simply to REB500 although the program ap-plies to both systems. There are additional menu items, which only apply to REB500sys, and attention is explicitly drawn to these.

The REB500 busbar protection system is configured on the ba-sis of the customer’s specification resulting from his response to a questionnaire.

The following information is intended to enable the user to un-derstand the choice of REB500 settings and to follow their calcu-lation.

The basic configuration of the REB500 system is performed by ABB. There are some additional settings that the user has to make.

In this section, the various menus and submenus are explained that require settings or the input of text by the user.

5.2. “View” menu

Fig. 5.1 Single-line diagram in the “View” menu

Right clicking an item opens a dialogue for changing its label.

5-4


5.3. “Configuration” menu

Fig. 5.2 Menu items in the configuration menu

5.3.1. Configuration / Activate/deactivate device

This menu item is used to configure REB500 so that it agrees with the actual state of the primary system in the station (e.g. when additions are made to the station) (see Section 7.6.).

5.3.2. Configuration / Isolators

Changing isolator labels.

5-5


Overview

Fig. 5.3 Configuration – Isolators - Overview

The “Overview” tab opens a dialogue with a list of all the isola-tors in the single-line diagram with their labels and bay unit la-bels.

An isolator in a particular bay can be viewed by activating the check box “Feeder filter” and selecting a bay from the list.

Details

Fig. 5.4 Configuration - Isolators - Details

5-6


The label in the “Markings” field of the “Details” dialogue can be edited.

5.3.3. Configuration / Circuit-breakers

Overview

Fig. 5.5 Configuration - Circuit-breakers - Overview

All the feeder circuit-breakers and bus-tie breakers shown in the single-line diagram are listed in this dialogue together with their labels, bay labels, type of circuit-breaker (feeder or bus-tie) and the circuit-breaker reclaim time.

When “Extended blocking function for bus tie-breaker” is set to “No”, the measurement of current by the busbar protection is en-abled regardless of the feeder circuit-breaker.

When set to “Yes”, the measurement of current by the busbar protection is enabled or disabled depending according to the po-sition of the circuit-breaker. In this case, configuring the signal “11505_Close command CB” is imperative.

Details

The label in the “Label” field can be edited and the reclaim time for each circuit-breaker is entered in the corresponding field (see setting instruction below).

5-7


NOTE: The blocking (reclaim) time is determined as follows: Reclaim time = bus-tie breaker operating time + arc extinction time +

60 ms

(60 ms = total transmission time + safety margin)

Parameter Min. Max. Default Step Unit

Reclaim time 20 300 120 20 ms

Table 5.1 Range of the reclaim time setting for circuit-breakers

Fig. 5.6 Configuration - Circuit-breakers – Details

NOTE: The operation of feeder and bus-tie breakers and the reclaim time are described in detail in Section 3.8.7.

5-8


5.3.4. Configuration / Current transformers

Changing the CT labels and ratios.

Overview

All the CTs shown in the single-line diagram are listed in this dia-logue.

Details

Fig. 5.7 Configuration - Current transformer - Details

The label in the “Markings” field can be edited. The ratios in the “Transformer ratio” fields are entered in terms of the primary and secondary rated currents.

Min. Max. Step

Primary [A] I1, I2, I3, I4 50 10000 1

Secondary [A] I1, I2, I3, I4 1 5

The secondary setting is only for information. The selection of 1 A or 5 A as the secondary rating is achieved by appropriately connecting the CT inputs on the REB500 bay unit (see Sec-tion 3.3.3.).

5-9


5.3.5. Configuration / Voltage transformers

This menu item is only available when VTs are installed (see Section 11.8.).

5.3.6. Configuration / Device structure

The device structure is configured by ABB when engineering the system. This dialogue is only for information as the configuration cannot be changed.

Overview

The central unit and all the bay units are listed together with their labels and type. The desired unit is selected by clicking the mouse on it.

Fig. 5.8 Configuration - Device structure - Overview

Details

The “Details” dialogue shows the function and ABB reference for every type of module. The node ID indicates the assignment of the module on the process bus.

5-10


Bay unit

Fig. 5.9 Configuration - Device structure – Bay unit

Central unit

Fig. 5.10 Configuration - Device structure – Central unit

The list for the central unit shows whether the modules are masked or unmasked.

Refer to Section 3.3.2. “Central unit modules” for further informa-tion.

5-11


5.3.7. Configuration / Binary module

This dialogue is used while engineering the protection system to configure the binary modules. The data entered are normally provided in the questionnaire filled in by the user. The window has three tabs:

• Overview • Inputs • Outputs

5.3.7.1. Overview

Fig. 5.11 Configuration - Binary module - Overview

The overview tab opens a list with all the binary I/O modules for which the following information is given:

• ABB ref. (ABB designation for the bay or central unit) • Feeder (in which the bay unit is located, user’s label

for the bay) • Device (label) • Slot No. (module location in the bay or central unit) • Module type (designation).

These attributes cannot be changed.

5-12


5.3.7.2. Binary inputs

The overview provides facility for entering the auxiliary supply voltage (battery voltage) and viewing the assignment of the bi-nary inputs.

Overview (of input signals for each device)

Fig. 5.12 Configuration - Binary module - Central unit inputs

5-13


Fig. 5.13 Configuration - Binary module - Bay unit inputs

The upper part of this dialogue contains a general layout of the respective module. The auxiliary supply voltage for each group of opto-couplers (with a common pole) is entered below this.

All the input signals assigned to the module are listed.

Deleting a signal

A signal is deleted by marking it in the window and clicking on the “Delete” button.

5-14


Details

Fig. 5.14 Configuration - Binary module - Inputs - Details

Signal allocation

The “Details” dialogue provides facility for allocating opto-coupler inputs to the logical input signals and the event memory of every input/output module.

The abbreviations C.x and O.x denote the CLOSE and OPEN auxiliary contacts on the isolator or circuit-breaker respectively as they appear in the “Details” dialogue. Where an isolator or a circuit-breaker is only equipped with a single auxiliary contact, the “One auxiliary contact” mode must be selected.

This mode is not recommended because the status of the isola-tor or circuit-breaker cannot be properly monitored with just one auxiliary contact.

The signals are configured at the time the protection system is engineered and are generally not changed subsequently.

Only the CLOSED signal field is visible when the “One auxiliary contact” mode is selected. The function of the OPEN signal is achieved by inverting the CLOSED signal. In this case, we rec-ommend connecting the auxiliary contact supply to the corre-sponding input so that its integrity is supervised.

5-15


Inversion

The signals of opto-coupler inputs can also be inverted.

Configuring events

Every signal can also be saved as an event in one or more event memories (see Section 5.4.12. “Event memory”).

More check boxes and input fields appear when the “Recording” radio button is selected. They determine whether the event is re-corded on the positive or negative-going edge or on both edges. The user can enter a text (up to 32 characters) defining the event, but if none is entered the system assigns a default event text. At least one event memory in the “Send event to” (= save event in) field must also be selected either in the CU and/or BU event memories. Furthermore, events can be assigned to the event lists of interbay bus (IBB) 1 and/or 2.

Minimum input signal duration

Provision is made for prolonging the input signals in steps of 1 ms (reset delay).

New Signal

Fig. 5.15 Configuration - Binary module - Inputs - New signal

The “New signal” button opens a dialogue with a list for selecting and adding a new signal.

Clicking on the arrow to the right of the “Signal type” field opens a list of available signals. The effective list depends on the func-tions ordered by the user.

5-16


The list can include as a maximum the following groups:

• General signals

• Busbar protection (BBP)

• Breaker failure protection (BFP)

• End fault protection (EFP)

• Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)

• Disturbance recorder (DR)

• CB pole discrepancy protection (PDF)

• Voltage release (UV)

• Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only)

Signals that can only be assigned once disappear from the list as soon as the user has assigned them once.

Clicking on the arrow button to the right of the signal name field opens a list of the signals available according to the filter group and module selected. Click on “OK” to confirm the choice or on “Cancel” to close the window without making a choice. The “De-tails” dialogue opens automatically upon clicking on the “OK” button.

The new signal can now be assigned to an opto-coupler and in-verted if necessary.

Configuring opto-coupler events

In addition to events generated by function signals, a physical input can also be configured as an event. This is of advantage, for example, when several signals are assigned to a physical in-put or when ambivalent signals from isolators or circuit-breakers need to be recorded. The “Overview” dialogue provides facility for this kind of assignment.

First select an opto-coupler in the “Overview” dialogue by click-ing on it above the signal list (column marked). Now click on the “OC event config.” button to open the “Configuration of events” window.

5-17


5.3.7.3. Bay unit binary inputs

The following input signals are listed in ascending order in their respective filter groups.

5.3.7.3.1. General signals

11105_External TRIP

This signal is a tripping command received from another protec-tion device (including one in the remote station) and is used for the REB500 tripping contact to trip faults on a line or a power transformer (see Section 11.17.5.).

11110_External TRIP BB zone

This input is used when an external signal has to trip the entire bus zone to which the feeder is connected (e.g. for an external BFP signal). It is applied to all the bay units of the bus zone and sections of busbars connected by an isolator trip together (inter-tripping).

11115_Ext_Test_TRIP

This binary input activates the signal 21120_EXT_TEST_TRIP which to operate several tripping relays simultaneously.

11120_AS Ext. TRIP

This is the tripping signal generated by the feeder protection part of REB500. It trips faults on a line or power transformer with the aid of the REB500 tripping contact. Tripping thus takes account of the busbar configuration at the time (see Section 11.17.5.).

To function correctly, the signal has to be assigned to a feeder.

The simplest arrangement corresponds to the assignment of the signal 11105_Ext. TRIP to feeders. If signal 11105_Ext. TRIP is not available, a binary output has to be configured for 11120_AS Ext. TRIP which is then assigned to a feeder.

The signal is activated by the feeder protection directly and does not therefore appear as binary input signal.

5-18


11205_Block SP

A signal applied to this input blocks the local station protection functions (BFP, EFP, OCDT and PDF), “External Trip”, tripping by the busbar protection and intertripping of the respective bay unit.

NOTE: The Bus Bar Protection continues to be active as a system function. The primary injection of the concerned bay unit can lead to a trip of the respective zone.

11210_Block output relays

All the output contacts configured for a bay unit are blocked.

11215_Ext. measuring disturbed

This signal is active when invalid analog values are received from an external device. The busbar protection (i.e. the specific protection zone of the busbar) and all the local protection func-tions are blocked. If the disturbance lasts longer than 400 ms, diagnostic events are generated (BBP Minor Error 7 and BBP Minor Error 29).

This input should only be used in special cases and only when engineering a REB500 system.

11505_Close command CB

The circuit-breaker close command is needed by the busbar and end fault protection functions in bus-tie breaker and configured feeder bay units to control the REB500 measuring system (see Section 3.8.7.).

11510...11525_Supervision aux. voltage_x

The supervision of the auxiliary supply is configured when the compliance of the auxiliary contacts on the isolators with the re-quired switching sequence cannot be guaranteed and for this reason the “Not CLOSED = OPEN” logic has to be used. These signals ensure that the protection responds correctly should the auxiliary supply to the isolators fail.

This signal is only applicable in the case of “Not CLOSED = OPEN”!

5-19


11530_Isolator/Breaker Position

The position of a circuit-breaker or an isolator is signaled by one or two auxiliary contacts (see Section 3.7.4.).

11605_External release Trip

Providing they have been configured, a signal applied to this in-put enables tripping by the busbar protection and the intertrip-ping function in the bay unit (AND logic of tripping and enabling signals). The input has no influence on other protection func-tions.

This input can be used in special cases to interlock tripping by the protection by, for example, an external undervoltage relay.

11610_External reset

Tripping commands and signals can be configured to latch after picking up, in which case they must be reset by applying a signal to this input.

It also resets the text display and LED’s on the local control unit. A reset signal resets the entire system.

11615, 11625, 11635, 11645_Inspection_x-Off

These inspection inputs (x = 1 to 4) activate the isolator or cir-cuit-breaker inspection mode for the cases 1 to 4.

As with the isolator inputs for the busbar image, two anti-coincident signals can be connected to these inputs. The last valid position is maintained and a failure is signaled on the local HMI on the bay unit if both inputs are the same.

These signals are only used when anticoincidence supervision of the inspection inputs is specified. The following signal pairs re-sult in relation to the inspection cases.

Status Inspection 1 Inspection 2 Inspection 3 Inspection 4

OPEN 11615 11625 11635 11645

CLOSED 11620 11630 11640 11650

Table 5.2 Signal pairs supervised for anticoincidence

Refer to Section 11.12. “Inspection and maintenance”.

11620, 11630, 11640, 11650_Inspection_x-On

These inspection inputs (x = 1 to 4) activate the isolator or cir-cuit-breaker inspection mode.

5-20


They are only used both in cases where there is only one in-spection signal (without anticoincidence supervision) and where there are anticoincidence signals (with anticoincidence supervi-sion) (see Table 5.2).


11655_Maintenance-Off

Anti-coincident maintenance input. Refer to the description for the “Inspection_x-Off” signals.


11660_Maintenance-On

This input is excited by the maintenance function. It is used should only one maintenance signal be available. Refer to Chap-ter 8 “Operation and maintenance” for a detailed description of the maintenance function.


11765_General Start DR

This signal is configured in the bay unit and together with the in-put signal “36705_General Start DR” from the central unit trig-gers the disturbance recorder in the bay unit. Without this signal, the bay unit does not respond to a general start of the distur-bance recorder.

It is only used for interlocking the general start signal for the dis-turbance recorder and may not be configured onto an opto-coupler input. This is achieved by setting the mode to “No auxil-iary contact” after opening the dialog “Binary module” and click-ing on the tabs “Inputs” and “Details” (see Fig. 5.14).

11840…11885_GP_In_x

With a properly configured event configuration, the input signal can be transmitted via LON or IEC103 and displayed on the con-trol system. It is also possible to display the state of the signal on the local HMI LED’s of the bay unit.

5-21


5.3.7.3.2. Busbar Protection (BBP)

12605_Bypass Check Zone

The check zone criterion for the release of the bus bar protection is bypassed.

5.3.7.3.3. Breaker failure protection (BFP)

13205_Block BFP

The operation of the breaker failure protection is blocked for the corresponding bay unit. When the blocking signal is cancelled, the timers start again at t = 0.

13210_BP Block BFP

This signal is directly activated by the feeder protection unit and doesn’t therefore appear as a binary input signal. The operation of the breaker failure protection of the corresponding feeder is blocked. When the blocking signal is cancelled and providing a starting signal is present and current is flowing, the timers start again at t = 0.

13605_Trip transferred

The circuit-breaker sets this input when it cannot open, for ex-ample, because the air pressure is too low or there is a leak in the case of GIS (Alarm Stage 3 - Circuit-breaker blocked).

A tripping signal is then transferred to the adjacent breakers (busbar trip) and possibly the remote station (see Section 11.1.3.2.).

13610_BP Trip transferred

Reserved for special applications.

This signal is directly activated by the feeder protection unit and does not therefore appear as a binary input signal.

13705_External Start BFP

A signal applied to this input starts the breaker failure protection timer (independently of the overcurrent measurement).

5-22


13710...13735_Start BFP Lp_x

Phase-selective (p = 1 to 3) starting of the breaker failure protec-tion with two inputs per phase (x = 1 to 2).

The breaker failure timer is started by this input signal providing the current in the respective phase is above pick-up.

13740...13765_Start BFP L1L2L3_x

Three-phase starting of the breaker failure protection by six in-puts (x = 1 to 6).

The breaker failure timer is started by a signal at one of these inputs providing the current in at least one phase is high enough.

13770...13780_Start BFP Lp

Breaker failure protection with phase-selective starting (p = 1, 2 or 3). The breaker failure protection timer starts when this signal is activated by feeder protection function and the BFP measures a current in the corresponding phase.


13785_BP Start BFP L1L2L3

Breaker failure protection with three-phase starting. The breaker failure protection timer starts when this signal is activated and the BFP measures a current in any phase.


13790_BP Ext. start BFP L1L2L3

Breaker failure protection with three-phase starting. The breaker failure protection timer starts when this signal is activated re-gardless of the current measurement.


5-23


5.3.7.3.4. End fault protection (EFP)

14205_Block EFP

The operation of the end fault protection is blocked for the corre-sponding bay unit. When the blocking signal is cancelled, the timers start again at t = 0.

14405_AS EFP Manual Close

This signal is set by the bay protection when the circuit-breaker receives a close command to prevent the end fault protection function from tripping.

5.3.7.3.5. Time-overcurrent (OCDT)

15210_Block OCDT

The operation of the time-overcurrent function is blocked. When the blocking signal is cancelled, the timer starts again at t = 0.

5.3.7.3.6. Disturbance recorder (DR)

16705...16750_Start DR_x

The disturbance recorder function is started by an external signal applied to one of these 10 inputs (x = 1 to 10), or they can be simply used for recording purposes. The external signal may come, for example, from the tripping contact of a bay protection relay or the starting contact of a time-overcurrent relay. Opto-couplers are configured for these inputs.

The signal “16750_Start DR_10” is also transferred to the central unit where it initiates the general start of all disturbance record-ers.

16760_BP Central start DR

Those disturbance recorders in the bay units that are configured start. The signal ‘Central start DR’ in the bay units must be con-figured.


5-24


5.3.7.3.7. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection (PDF)

17205_Block PDF

The operation of the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection is blocked. The timers start at t = 0 again when the input resets.

17710_Start PDF

Providing this input is configured, the circuit-breaker pole dis-crepancy protection is started or enabled by an external signal (see Section 11.4.).

5.3.7.3.8. Voltage release (UV)

18205_Fuse failure superv. UV

Provision is made for a tripped m.c.b. to apply a signal to the in-put “18205_Fuse failure superv. UV” and enable tripping of the protection zone concerned (see Section 12.9.).

5.3.7.3.9. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only)

19205_Block BP

The protection output signals of the respective bay unit are blocked. (Internal processing of the functions continues and therefore measurements and signals continue to be displayed on the local HMI.)

19600_Activation BP ParSet_1

The protection functions and settings assigned to parameter set 1 are active. They remain active after the signal has been reset.


The protection functions and settings assigned to parameter set 2 are active.

They remain active after the signal has been reset.




5-25





BP input signals available for configuration

In addition to the bay protection input signals listed above, which are always available, use can also be made of the signals con-figured for the binary signal input block of the bay protection. The number of these signals depends on the protection functions and signals included in the bay protection (see Section 12.1. “Appli-cation description”).

5.3.7.4. Central unit binary inputs

The following input signals are listed in ascending order in their respective filter groups.

Most central unit signals can only be assigned once. However, two input signals (“31105_External TRIP BB zone” and “31805_External release BB zone”) occur for each busbar zone. Thus the busbar section must be given when selecting one of these signals.


31105_External TRIP BB zone (BB zone tripped by external signal)

A busbar section can be tripped by a signal applied to this input. Up to 32 sections can be addressed. One input can be config-ured for each section. Sections connected by isolators are tripped together (intertripping).

31205_Block SP

The station protection (SP) functions (BBP, BFP, EFP, OCDT and PDF) including “External Trip”, “External TRIP BB zone” and intertripping are blocked throughout the system.

31210_Block output relays

All the output contacts configured for the central unit and all the bay units are blocked, i.e. the current status of the relays is maintained.

5-26


31215_Block IEC master direction

REB500 does not transfer any events, error messages, meas-urements etc., to the master station via the station bus IEC 60870-5-103 when this input is active.

31505_Accept bus image alarm

This signal acknowledges (resets) an isolator alarm. If it is con-tinuously active, a new isolator alarm is immediately reset (see Section 3.7.4.).

31805_External release BB zone

This input enables the tripping signal for a section of busbar (AND gate with tripping and enabling inputs). One of these in-puts can be configured for each busbar section. The entire pro-tection zone surrounding the busbar section is enabled (transfer tripping). Sections connected by isolators are also enabled (transfer tripping). The input can be used in special cases, for example, to interlock the tripping signal by an undervoltage re-lay. This will generally delay tripping (see Section 11.10.).

31230_Block BB zone

With this signal of the bus bar protection the inter-tripping and the external trip of the BB block is blocked. A maximum of 12 bus zones resp. blocking signals can be configured in one BIO unit. A complete bus zone in which the BB block is located would be blocked (inter-tripping). If the bus block is associated with an isolator then it is also blocked (inter-tripping).

The input operates with a time delay of up to 300 ms.

31810_External reset

Tripping commands and signals can be configured to latch and when they are, they are reset by a signal applied to this input. The same signal also resets the LED’s (alarm and tripping). The reset signal applies to the entire system.

31815_Ext. superv. in service_1

Input for monitoring any fans, external supplies etc. The signal “41805_Alarm” is set in the central unit when this signal changes from logical “1” to “0”.

5-27


31820_Ext. superv. in service_2

Input for monitoring any fans, external supplies etc. The signal “1805_Alarm” is set in the central unit when this signal changes from logical “1” to “0”.

31825_Time minute synchr.

Clock synchronization input. Synchronization takes place on the positive edge of a minute impulse. The impulse must be at least 20 ms wide.

Should this signal be configured in a bay unit, but either not con-nected or has otherwise failed, the error “TIM Minor Error 022” is signaled on the local HMI.

31830_Time second synchr.

Clock synchronization input. Synchronization takes place on the positive edge of a one-second impulse. The impulse must be at least 20 ms wide.

Should this signal be configured in a bay unit, but either not con-nected or has otherwise failed, the error “TIM Minor Error 021” is signaled on the local HMI.

31840…31885_GP_In_x

With a properly configured event configuration, the input signal can be transmitted via LON or IEC103 and displayed on the con-trol system.

5.3.7.4.2. Busbar protection (BBP)

32205_Block BBP

The busbar protection function is blocked throughout the system.

32605_Bypass Check Zone

The check zone criterion for the release of the bus bar protection is bypassed.

5-28



33210_Block BFP

The breaker failure protection is blocked throughout the system. When cancelled, the timers start again at t = 0 providing the cur-rent is higher than setting.


34215_Block EFP

The end fault protection is blocked throughout the system.

When cancelled, the timers start again at t = 0 providing the cir-cuit-breaker is open and the current higher than setting.

5.3.7.4.5. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)

35220_Block OCDT

The time-overcurrent function is blocked throughout the system. When cancelled, the timers start again at t = 0.


36705_General Start DR

The disturbance recorders in all the bay units are started by this input if configured. The signal “General start disturbance re-corder” must also be configured in the bay units.


37205_Block PDF

The circuit-breaker pole discrepancy protection is blocked throughout the system. The timers restart at t = 0 when the sig-nal is resets.


39205_Block BP

The bay protection output signals are blocked throughout the system. (Internal processing of the functions continues and therefore measurements and signals continue to be displayed on the local HMI.)

5.3.7.5. Binary outputs

The procedures for configuring binary inputs and outputs are al-most identical. Therefore only the differences are dealt with in this section.

5-29


Overview (output signals available on each device)

Fig. 5.16 Configuration - Binary module - Outputs - Over-view - CU

Fig. 5.17 Configuration - Binary module - Outputs - Over-view - BU

5-30


The overview of the BU outputs shows which signals are as-signed to which output relays. An output relay can be controlled by several signals (e.g. relay CR02 by “TRIP”, “BFP TRIP” and “AR Def. Trip.7”).

For reasons of safety, it is impossible to mix tripping commands and signals, i.e. tripping commands can only be combined with tripping commands and control signals with control signals.

Tripping commands:

• 21105_EXTERNAL TRIP

• 21110_TRIP

• 23105_BFP TRIP

• 25105_OCDT TRIP

• 27105_PDF TRIP

• Tripping signals generated by the bay protection functions. The remaining signals and all the CU signals are control sig-nals.

NOTE: Configuring tripping signals for operating circuit-breakers either to latch or operate with a reset delay of at least 100 ms is recommended.

5-31


Fig. 5.18 Configuration - Binary module - Outputs - Details - CU

Fig. 5.19 Configuration - Binary module - Outputs - Details - BU

This “Details” dialogue concerns the following functions.

5-32


Signal delay

Every output signal can be configured either to latch (until reset by a signal) or to have a defined reset delay. A reset delay can be entered in the field “t” and can be changed by clicking with the mouse.

Blocking output signals throughout the system

In the case of all the output signals being blocked by the self-supervision function or a signal applied to the blocking CU or BU input “Block output relays”, the statuses of the selected output signals cannot change. This setting determines whether a sig-nal is really blocked or is generated anyway.

Relay output

The current signal is assigned to the output relays with checked check boxes. Other signals of the same type (tripping command or control signal) may also be assigned to the same relay.

Unavailable output relays (gray) already have signals of the other type assigned to them. The remaining relays are available for other signals.

Event configuration

The configuration of an output signal event is the same as for an input signal event. An event is generated when the output signal is set, respectively reset.

New signal

Same as for the binary inputs (see Section 5.3.7.3. “Bay unit bi-nary inputs”).

Central unit signals

Most of the CU signals only occur once. There is an output sig-nal “Trip BB zone” for each section of busbar (bus zone), there-fore the respective zone must be given when selecting this sig-nal.

Delete

Same as for the binary inputs (see Section 5.3.7.3. “Bay unit bi-nary inputs”).

5-33


Configuring output relay events

An event is generated when an output relay picks up or resets, i.e. this type of event takes any reset delay that has been set or blocking by another signal into account. Select an output relay in the overview dialogue first by clicking on its label above the signal list (its column is then highlighted). Now open the event configuration dialogue by clicking on the “CR event config.” button.

As in the case of the binary input signals in Section 5.3.7.2., the binary output signals are configured at the works.

5.3.7.6. Binary outputs on the bay units

The following output signals are listed in ascending order in their respective filter groups.


21105_EXTERNAL TRIP

Tripping command generated by the external input 11105_EX-TERNAL TRIP.

21110_TRIP

Tripping command generated by the station protection intertrip-ping function (BBP, BFP t2 etc.).

21115_REMOTE TRIP

Any of the protection functions that are capable of tripping an en-tire section of busbar (intertripping) can initiate a remote trip sig-nal. Protection functions of this kind are:

• Busbar protection

• Breaker failure protection

• End zone protection

• The command “EXTERNAL TRIP”

Remote tripping can only take place if a fault cannot be cleared by the circuit-breaker in the bay concerned. This applies in the following cases:

• 1½ breaker schemes (see Section 11.16.)

5-34


• Bypass operation with the bus tie breaker being used for a feeder (see Section 11.16.5.)

• Circuit-breaker bypassed by an isolator (see Section 11.16.5.)

• Feeder not equipped with its own circuit-breaker.

21120_EXT_TEST_TRIP

This signal is used to generate a multi-pole trip for test purposes. It is controlled by the binary input signal 11115_Ext_Test_TRIP.

21305_Trip

Signals tripping by the bay unit and can be set by any of the sta-tion protection functions.

21405_SP blocked

Signals that the station protection functions including “EXTER-NAL TRIP” and intertripping are blocked (either the bay con-cerned or throughout the station).

21410_Output relays blocked

All the output contacts configured in the bay unit concerned are blocked.

21805_In service

Signal set by the diagnostic function that shows whether or not a bay unit is operational and standing by.

21810_Loss of supply voltage

This signals a failure of the isolator auxiliary supply (“Supervision aux. voltage_x”) in the bay unit.

21815_Inspection/maintenance

This signal appears when an inspection or maintenance input is set in the bay unit and a position indicator on an isolator or cir-cuit-breaker connected to the bay unit is forced into a particular status.

Forcing of an isolator or circuit-breaker in this context means:

The item of switchgear changes either from CLOSED to OPEN or from OPEN to CLOSED.

5-35


21820_Alarm

Signals an alarm situation in a bay unit. It is set in the following cases:

• An auxiliary supply fault is being signaled.

• A bay unit diagnostic system has detected an analog signal processing error.


22405_BBP blocked

Signals that the busbar protection function is blocked (either in-dividual protection zones or the entire system).


23105_BFP TRIP

Trip generated by the breaker failure protection (after t1).

23110_BFP REMOTE TRIP

Tripping command issued to the remote station by the breaker failure protection. This signal can be assigned to an output con-tact by the signal “REMOTE TRIP”.

23305_BFP trip t1

Signals tripping by the breaker failure protection after time step 1.

23310_BFP trip t2

Signals tripping by the breaker failure protection after time step 2.

23315_BFP TRIP L1

Signals that the breaker failure protection detected a fault on phase L1 and has tripped.

23320_BFP TRIP L2


23325_BFP TRIP L3


5-36



Signals that tripping has been redirected, providing a signal is being applied to the input “13605_Trip transferred”.

23335_Trip by BFP

Signals that the breaker failure protection has issued an inter-tripping command.

23405_BFP blocked

Signals that the breaker failure protection is blocked (either the bay or the whole system).


24105_EFP REMOTE TRIP

Tripping command issued by the end fault protection.

24305_EFP trip

Signals that the end fault protection has tripped.

24405_EFP blocked

Signals that the end fault protection is blocked (either the bay or the whole system).

5.3.7.6.5. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)

25105_OCDT TRIP

Tripping command issued by the time-overcurrent function.

25305_OCDT Trip

Signals tripping by the time-overcurrent function.

25405_OCDT blocked

Signals that the time-overcurrent protection is blocked (either the bay or the whole system).


26805_DR ready

Signals that the disturbance recorder is standing by.

26810_DR memory full

Signals that the disturbance recorder memory is full.

5-37


26815_DR recording

Signals that the disturbance recorder is in the process of re-cording.

26820_DR record available

Signals that disturbance records are available.


27105_PDF TRIP

Tripping command by the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy func-tion.

27305_PDF trip

Signals tripping by the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function.

27405_PDF blocked

Signals that the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function is blocked (either the bay concerned or the entire system).


28805_Voltage criterion

Signals that the bay unit is measuring voltage below the setting of the low-voltage criterion.


29405_BP blocked

Signals that the outputs of the bay protection functions are blocked (either the bay concerned or throughout the system).

29410_BP partial blocked

Signals certain bay protection functions are blocked (see 49405_BP blocked).

29600 ParaSet_1 active

Signals that parameter set 1 is active. This can take place via the station bus or an input signal.

5-38








29805_BP Test Sequence active

Signals that the test sequencer is active (see Section 12.1.4. “Test sequencer”).

BP output signals available for configuration

In addition to the bay protection output signals listed above which are always available, use can also be made of the signals configured for the binary signal output block of the bay protec-tion. The number of these signals depends on the protection functions and signals included in the bay protection (see Section 12.1. “Application description”).

5.3.7.7. Central unit binary outputs

The following output signals are listed in ascending order in their respective filter groups.


41305_Trip BB zone (busbar designation)

Signals which busbar sections have been tripped. An output can be configured for each busbar section, which is then correspond-ingly designated. There are as many output relays as there are busbar zones and where the number of busbar zones is high, a second BIO module is needed.


Signals that tripping has been redirected by the input “13605_Trip transferred” on a bay unit.

5-39


41390_Bay Unit in service

The operational readiness of a bay unit is signaled. This signal can be configured for each bay unit. The signal can also be con-figured as an event. A relay signal output is not possible.

41405_SP blocked

Signals that all the station protection functions including “Exter-nal TRIP”, “External TRIP BB zone” and intertripping are blocked throughout the system.

41410_Output relays blocked

All the output contacts that are configured are blocked.

41505_Isolator alarm

This signal indicates that at least one isolator or circuit-breaker is not reporting a defined position (neither CLOSED nor OPEN). It is issued at the end of the set time delay and is reset by the input “Acknowledge isolator alarm”, respectively set again by the next isolator alarm (see Section 3.7.4.).

41805_Alarm

This signal is set in the following cases:

• Supply failure

• Failure or disturbance of a central unit module

• Failure of the communication with a bay unit

• Failure of a bay unit

• Failure of a bay unit function

• Error when refreshing the data in the protection system

• Communication error in the central unit

• “Ext. superv. in service_1/2” inputs not set

41810_In service

Signal set by the diagnostic function that shows that the central unit is operational or stand-by.

5-40


41815_Diff. current alarm

The differential current of a protection zone exceeded the set alarm level during the preset interval.

41820_Loss of supply voltage

Signals the failure of the isolator auxiliary supply on a bay unit (“Supervision aux. voltage_x”). It is used in conjunction with “Not OPEN = CLOSED”.

41825_Inspection/maintenance

Signals that an inspection or maintenance input is set on one of the protection units.

41830_Switch inhibit

This signal appears together with “Isolator alarm”. No switching of the primary system may take place as long as this signal is active, because the image of the primary system in the pro-tection would not then correspond to the actual situation (see Section 3.7.4.).

41835_Test generator active

Signals that the test generator is active, i.e. the test generator is in use somewhere on the busbar protection system.

41415 BB zone blocked

The blocking of a bus bar protection or of the inter-tripping of a bus bar section is signalized with this output. This signal is a combined signal of the blocking of a bus bar protection or of the inter-tripping i.e. both the blocking of the bus bar and also the in-ter-tripping are signaled.


42305_BBP trip

Signals that the busbar protection has tripped.

42310_BBP trip L0

Signals that a fault was detected on phase L0 and the busbar protection has tripped.

5-41


42315_BBP trip L1


42320_BBP trip L2


42325_BBP trip L3


42405_BBP blocked

Signals that the busbar protection is blocked (either individual protection zones or the entire system).

42805_ Check Zone Bypassed

Signals that the check zone release function for the bus bar pro-tection is bypassed.


43305_BFP trip t1

Signals that the breaker failure protection tripped in time step 1.

43310_BFP trip t2

Signals that the breaker failure protection tripped in time step 2.

43405_BFP blocked

Signals that the breaker failure protection is blocked (either a bay unit or the entire system).


44305_EFP trip

Signals that the end fault protection has tripped.

44405_EFP blocked

Signals that the end fault protection is blocked (either a bay unit or the entire system).

5-42


5.3.7.7.5. 1^21324567890Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)

45305_OCDT trip

Signals that the time-overcurrent protection has tripped.

45405_OCDT blocked

Signals that the time-overcurrent protection is blocked (either a bay unit or the entire system).

45805_OCDT start

Signals that one of the feeder time-overcurrent functions has picked up.


47305_PDF Trip

Signals tripping by the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function.

47405_PDF blocked

Signals that the circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function is blocked (either individual bays or the entire system).


48805_Voltage criterion

Signals that the voltage release function has been activated (ei-ther individual bays or throughout the system).


49405_BP blocked

Signals that the outputs of the bay protection functions are blocked (either individual bays or throughout the system).

49410_BP partial blocked

Signals that certain bay protection output signals in specific bays or throughout the entire system are blocked.

5.3.8. Configuration / Event text

In this window all the event signals configured in the REB500n are displayed. For each event signal a user specific text can be configured (32 characters).

5-43


Fig. 5.20 Event text configuration

The user can sort the list as per ABB reference or the standard text.

5.3.9. Configuration / Disturbance recorder

5.3.9.1. Analog inputs

The currents measured by the four analog inputs are always re-corded. The five voltage inputs may only be recorded providing they have been licensed and engineered (optional).

The recording time is doubled if the voltage channels are not ac-tivated.

The dialogue has three tabs:

• Overview The overview shows all the bay units and their basic distur-bance recorder configurations. A bay unit is selected by click-ing on it with the mouse.

• License status This dialogue lists all the licensed bay units and the duration of recording (see Fig. 5.24 “Disturbance recorder - License status”).

• Configuration The configuration dialogue shows a bay unit together with its recording mode and signals.

5-44


5.3.9.2. Recording

The following disturbance recorder settings can be made (see Fig. 5.21 “Disturbance recorder - Configuration”):

• Sampling frequency (50 Hz/60 Hz): 600/720 Hz, 1200/1440 Hz or 2400/2880 Hz. The maximum recording time is automatically adjusted to suit.

• Number of records “n” The maximum recording time available is divided by this set-ting into “n” equal time periods. For example, assuming 3 records have to be made and a maximum recording time of 6 seconds, 3 records of 2 sec-onds each can be recorded.

• Acquisition time This setting determines how much time before the triggering point is included in the record. The total recording time is at least 0.5 s. Of this, at least 0.2 s are pre-event time and therefore at least 0.3 s post-event time.

• In the event of overflow

• FIX Recording stops. In this mode, the disturbance recorder is stopped as soon as its memory is full. After the records have been uploaded, the disturbance recorder has to be started again manually.

• FIFO Overwrites the oldest record. In this mode, the oldest re-cord is deleted to make room for new records as soon as the DR memory is full. This means that in this mode the number of records is re-duced by one, i.e. for a setting of “n=4” only three DR events can be recorded.

5.3.9.3. Signals

All binary signals (input, output or internal signal) can be re-corded. For this purpose, they must be configured for recording and identified by their signal labels.

5-45


Up to 32 binary signals per bay can be selected for recording. Of these, up to 12 can be configured to trigger the start of re-cording. Triggering can take place on the lagging or leading edge of a signal. If “both edges” is selected, both lagging and leading edges are active (see Fig. 5.22 “Disturbance recorder - Configuration - Signals”).

Once recording has been started, the complete recording period that has been set is recorded.

In addition to the normal bay unit binary signals, there are up to ten general purpose input signals that can be configured for re-cording and for triggering the disturbance recorder (see Section 5.3.7.3.6., “16705… 16750_Start DR_x”).

• Sorting binary signals

The order of the binary signals in the list can be changed by clicking on the “Signal No.” column of the respective signal and moving it to a new position. All other signals are sorted automatically in relation to the signal that has been moved.

The order of the signals in the list is the order in which they are transferred when uploading disturbance data.

NOTE: Since circuit-breakers and isolators equipped with two auxiliary contacts (CLOSE and OPEN) can have more than two statuses (open, in motion, closed and undefined), the distur-bance recorder does not record their positions. The distur-bance recorder and the evaluation software can only process binary signals (i.e. with two possible values).

Possible solution: Configure one of the “x.Start DR” signals to be connected in parallel to the CLOSE auxiliary contact on the isolator.

Trigger operation

Recording commences when at least one of the triggering condi-tions is fulfilled. The trigger then remains disabled until the re-cord has been completed and is then enabled again. You must therefore set the recording period such that all the signals you want to record can be recorded.

5-46


WARNING: The trigger inputs are scanned every 16 ms. A trigger signal must have a pulse duration of at least 16 ms to be certain that it will be detected.

Fig. 5.21 Disturbance recorder - Configuration

Fig. 5.22 Disturbance recorder - Configuration - Signals

5-47


Fig. 5.23 Disturbance recorder - Overview

Fig. 5.24 Disturbance recorder - License status

5.3.10. Configuration / HMI LEDs

Bay units of the series T500BU03_x are fitted with a local HMI with 20 LEDs the user can configure. Each of them can be as-signed to an input or output signal by selecting the menu item “Configuration / Binary module”.

5-48


This opens a dialogue with a list of the bay units with this fea-ture. The respective configuration dialogue is opened by select-ing the desired bay unit with the left mouse button and then click-ing on “Next” or directly by simply double clicking on the bay unit. The number of the LED on the local HMI is given in the ID col-umn.

Fig. 5.25 LED statuses on the local HMI

Delete signal

The assignment of a signal is cancelled by marking it in the dia-logue and clicking on “Delete signal”.

New signal ...

A LED is assigned to a signal by marking it in the dialogue and clicking on “New signal” or alternatively by double clicking on the LED. A list of possible signals is then presented to enable one to be chosen.

5-49


Caption

The name in the “Caption” column proposed by the program can be edited by selecting it with the mouse. A caption can have a maximum of 20 characters.

Mode

The user can determine the response of the LED by clicking in the “Mode” column.

The following modes are possible:

• Status: The current status of the signal is displayed.

• Latching: The status of a LED is stored until one of the follow-ing occurs

• A bay protection function picks up

• A station protection function trips

• It is reset via the local HMI

• It is reset by HMI500

• It is reset by a binary signal

5.3.11. Configuration / CB inspection

The “Details” tab lists the plant inspection and maintenance re-cords (see Section 11.12.).

Fig. 5.26 Configuration - CB inspection - Overview

5-50


5.3.12. Configuration / GPS time synchronization

Provides facility for optimum GPS time synchronization.

Refer to Section 11.15. “Synchronization using GPS”.

5.4. Settings and calculations

“Settings” menu This menu accesses the system and protection function para-meters and the corresponding setting instructions are given be-low.

5.4.1. Rated frequency (not adjustable)

The rated frequency of the protection system (50 or 60 Hz) is en-tered while engineering the system. It is recorded in the report “General plant data” (see Section 4.5.6.2. “Tools / Reports”).

5.4.2. Settings / System response

Details of the differential current supervision and isolator status supervision systems are given in Sections 3.8.4. and 3.7.4. re-spectively.

5.4.2.1. System response to a differential current alarm

“System response” in the “Settings” menu opens a dialogue that provides a choice of how the system should react to a differential current alarm:

• Continue in operation The busbar protection continues to function.

• Block busbar protection Operation of the entire busbar protection is blocked.

• Selective block busbar protection (preferred) Operation of the busbar protection is only blocked for the section of busbar (protection zone) concerned.

Setting the response to “Block” is more likely to cause a failure to trip and to “Continue in operation” a mal-operation.

5.4.2.2. System response to an isolator alarm

The same dialogue also permits the response of the system to be determined in the event of an isolator alarm:

• Continue in operation The busbar protection continues to function.

5-51


• Block busbar protection and Intertripping Operation of the busbar protection and intertripping scheme is blocked throughout the system.

• Selective block busbar protection and Intertripping (preferred) The busbar protection and intertripping are only blocked for the section of busbar (protection zone) concerned.

Setting the response to “Block” is more likely to cause a failure to trip and to “Continue in operation” a mal-operation.

Fig. 5.27 Settings - System response

5.4.2.3. Isolator alarm delay

The busbar protection REB500 has a common alarm circuit and timer for monitoring the operation of all the isolators and bus-tie breakers. The setting of the isolator operating time thus applies for all the isolators and circuit-breakers in the system.

NOTE: The time delay must be set longer than the slowest iso-lator operating time.

5-52


5.4.2.4. Remote trip impulse width

The busbar and where configured, the breaker failure and end fault protection functions can send an intertripping signal to a remote station via PLC or optical fiber communication channel. The duration of the impulse usually has to be limited.

Start function Signal designation See Section

Intertripping 21115_REMOTE TRIP 5.3.7.6.1.

Breaker failure protection 23110_BFP REMOTE TRIP 5.3.7.6.3.

End zone protection 24105_EFP REMOTE TRIP 5.3.7.6.4.

Table 5.3 Remote tripping signal

The remote tripping signal is transmitted via PLC or an optical fi-ber link. The impulse width generally has to be limited.


Remote trip impulse width

100 2000 200 10 ms

Table 5.4 Setting range of the remote trip impulse width

NOTE: The typical duration of the tripping impulse is 200 ms.

5-53


5.4.3. Busbar protection (settings and calculations)

The following parameters can be set using the HMI:


IKmin Op. char. ‘L1, L2, L3’

500 6000 1000 100 A

k Op. char. ‘L1, L2, L3’

0.7 0.9 0.80 0.05

Differential current alarm Op. char. ‘L1, L2, L3’

5 50 10 5 % IKmin

Delay (Differential current alarm) Op. char. ‘L1, L2, L3’

2 50 5 1 s

IKmin Op. char. ‘L0’

100 6000 300 100 A

k Op. char. ‘L0’

0.7 0.9 0.80 0.05

Differential current alarm Op. char. ‘L0’

5 50 10 5 % IKmin

Delay (Differential current alarm) Op. char. ‘L0’

2 50 10 1 s

Table 5.5 Busbar protection settings

Fig. 5.28 Busbar protection - Operating characteristics

5-54


The operating characteristic shown in the above dialogue only applies for the restrained current amplitude comparison algo-rithm. There are no settings for the phase comparison algorithm.

'L1, L2, L3' operating characteristic

This dialogue is for entering the parameters applicable to the phase fault operating characteristic. To change a value, click on the arrow button to the right to open a list of possible settings and then click on the desired value.

'L0' operating characteristic

The procedure for setting the ground fault characteristic is the same as for phase faults. This dialogue is only available providing a neutral current meas-urement has been configured (see Section 11.6.).

5.4.3.1. Restrained amplitude comparison - IKmin and k

The ‘restrained amplitude comparison’ algorithm detects an in-ternal fault when the settings for IKmin and k are exceeded. A tripping command is only issued, however, providing the phase comparison function detects an internal fault at the same time.

NOTE: The pick-up setting for the fault current (IKmin) must be less (80%) than the lowest fault current that can occur on the busbars (IKMS). There is a risk of the protection being too insen-sitive at higher settings.

Providing the minimum fault current (IKMS) is high enough, IKmin should be set higher than the maximum load current.

If the CT’s saturate at the minimum fault current, the feeder cur-rents have to be reduced by an empirically determined factor CR. The corrected current values form the basis for calculating the setting for IKmin. The reduction factor CR is calculated as follows:

For a power system time constant TN ≤120 ms:

'nI3.0I

RN

K

e55.045.0C ⋅⋅−

⋅+=

5-55


For a power system time constant 120 ms <TN ≤300 ms:

'nI5.0I

RN

K

e8.02.0C ⋅⋅−

⋅+=

In both cases:

n n P PP P

N E

B E' = ⋅ +

+

where CR reduction factor due to the power system time con-stant

IK in this case, the vector sum of feeder fault and load currents for an internal fault

IN CT rated current

TN power system time constant

n rated overcurrent factor

n' effective overcurrent factor

PB power consumption of the burden at rated current

PE CT losses

PN CT rated power

5.4.3.2. Application example

The minimum busbar fault current is 1300 A and is supplied by two feeders. The time constant TN of the power system is 80 ms.

Feeder 1:

Contribution to minimum fault current: 800 A

CTs: Ratio: 200 A/1 A Class: 5P10 PB: 6 VA PE: 5 VA PN: 10 VA

6.13VA5VA6VA5VA1010'n =

++×=

66.0e55.045.0C 6.13A2003.0A800

R =×+= ⋅⋅−

5-56


Feeder 2:

Contribution to minimum fault current: 500 A

CTs: Ratio: 400 A/1 A Class: 5P20 PB: 6 VA PE: 8 VA PN: 20 VA

40VA8VA6VA8VA2020'n =

++×=

95.0e55.045.0C 40A4003.0A500

R =×+= ××−

Reduced fault current IKR:

IKR = 800 A × 0.66 + 500 A × 0.95 = 1003 A

IKmin setting (80% of IKR):

IKmin = 1003 A × 0.8 = 802 A

The factor “k” is normally set to 0.80. Numerous tests on a net-work model have shown this setting to be the most favorable.

Fig. 5.29 Operating characteristic of the restrained ampli-

tude comparison function

NOTE: During a through-fault and normal operation, it is impos-sible for the differential (operating) current to be higher than the restraint current.

5-57


Other parameters may also influence the setting in extreme cases and these are explained in the following examples.

5.4.3.3. Busbar with just two bays

Bay 2

Busbar

I B

Bay 1

IB

Fig. 5.30 Busbar with two bays

Assuming a fault on the CT secondary of bay 1 or 2 (CT open or short-circuit), false tripping can be prevented by settings, which satisfy the inequality:

IKmin > IB

The fault current setting IKmin must be higher than the load cur-rent IB.

5.4.3.3.1. Busbar with several bays

Bay 2 Bay 3

Busbar

I B1 =2 kA

Bay 1 (infeed)

IB2=1.7 kA IB3=0.3 kA

Fig. 5.31 Busbar with three bays

a) CT circuit fault on Bay 1

The CT circuit fault simulates a fault on the busbars with a cur-rent ΔI = IB2 + IB3 = 2 kA. False tripping can be avoided with a setting, which satisfies the inequality:

IKmin > 2 kA (e.g. the next higher setting 2.1 kA)

b) CT circuit fault on Bay 2

The CT circuit fault in this case simulates a fault on the busbars with a fault current ΔI = IB2 - IB3 = 1.7 kA and the value calcu-lated for the quotient k becomes:

5-58


k II

I II IB B

B B= =

−+

= =∑

Δ 1 3

1 3

172 3

0 74..

.

False tripping can thus be avoided with settings for IKmin and/or k, which satisfy the inequalities:

IKmin > 1.7 kA

and/or

k > 0.74

c) CT circuit fault on Bay 3

This case corresponds to case b), but the values for ΔI and k are lower:

ΔI = IB1 - IB2 = 0.3 kA

08107330

21

21 ...

IIIIkBB

BB ==+−= i.e. k « 0.7

A CT circuit fault under normal load conditions cannot cause false tripping.

d) Influence of the phase comparison function

Tripping can only take place when both functions (restrained amplitude comparison and phase comparison) detect an internal fault. The decision reached by the phase comparison function is therefore of no consequence in the cases illustrated in this sec-tion.

e) Summary

Considering case a), the pick-up setting for the fault current in the example given must be:

IKmin > 2 kA

This is the only setting which will prevent tripping in the case of a).

Both settings, k = 0.80 and IKmin > 1.7 kA prevent tripping in case b).

A dangerous setting is impossible in case c).

Assuming a minimum fault current higher than 2.1 kA - see case a), the settings for the above example become:

IKmin > 2.1 kA

k = 0.80

5-59


For a minimum fault current lower than 2.1 kA or even lower than the maximum load current of 2 kA, the setting of IKmin can result in both a failure of the protection to trip when it should or a false trip:

• With a setting of IKmin > 2 kA, the protection in the above ex-ample would not detect a minimum fault current of 2 kA (ex-cluding a CT fault).

• With a setting of IKmin < 2 kA, a fault in the CT circuit accord-ing to case a) would cause a false trip.

The best solution in this situation is to set IKmin to 80% of the minimum fault current (IKMS).

5.4.3.4. Busbar fault with through current

In certain circumstances, it is possible for currents to flow away from the busbars during a busbar fault. Two examples of this are discussed below.

a) Through current Busbar fault

IR IK3IK2IK1

Fig. 5.32 Busbar fault with through current IR

ΔI I I I I I IK K K R K= + + − = −1 2 3 R

I I I I I I IK K K R K∑ = + + + = +1 2 3 R

k II

I II IK R

K R= =

−+

ΔΣ

The busbar protection will only trip providing the total fault cur-rent (IK) exceeds a certain minimum:

k 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7

IK 19 12.4 9 7 5.7 × IR

5-60


WARNING: For the phase comparison function not to prevent tripping, the low current check for including feeder currents in the phase comparison (see Section 3.8.2.2. “Phase compari-son”) must be set higher than the through current IR. This must be determined when engineering the scheme. An alternative is to disable the phase comparison function, which also must be determined when engineering the scheme.

b) Loop current

Busbar fault

IK3IQIQIK2IK1

Fig. 5.33 Busbar fault with a loop current

KQQ3K2K1K IIIIIII =−+++=Δ

I I I I I I IK K K R K∑ = + + + = +1 2 3 R

k II

II I

K

K Q= =

+Δ

Σ 2

The busbar protection will only trip providing the total fault cur-rent (IK) exceeds a certain minimum:

k 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7

IK 18 11.4 8 6 4.7 × IQ

WARNING: For the phase comparison function not to prevent tripping, the low current check for including feeder currents in the phase comparison (see Section 3.8.2.2. “Phase compari-son”) must be set higher than the loop current IQ. This must be determined when engineering the scheme. An alternative is to disable the phase comparison function, which also must be determined when engineering the scheme.

5-61


5.4.3.5. Differential current alarm setting

The setting for the differential current alarm is entered as a per-centage of the minimum fault current setting IKmin.


Differential current alarm 5 50 10 5 %

Table 5.6 Differential current alarm setting range

NOTE: The alarm should be set lower than the lowest load current. A typical setting is 5%.

5.4.3.6. Differential current alarm delay setting

Should the differential current alarm pick up, alarm is not actually given until the set time delay has expired.


Time delay 2 50 5 1 s

Table 5.7 Time delay setting range for the differential cur-rent alarm

NOTE: A typical setting is 5 s.

5.4.3.7. Neutral current supervision (operating characteristic L0)

This setting is only available if it is enabled (see Section 11.6)

5.4.3.8. Phase comparison

No settings have to be made using HMI500 for the phase com-parison algorithm. The settings for this function are determined when engineering the scheme for a particular application. The parameters involved are the operating angle ϕmax and the two minimum current settings (L1, L2, L3 and L0) for the inclusion of a feeder in the evaluation.

5-62


5.4.4. Overcurrent check for enabling tripping

(See Section 11.10.)

5.4.5. Undervoltage check for enabling tripping

(See Section 11.9.)

5.4.6. Voltage release / External release

(See Section 11.9.)

5.4.7. Bay protection (BP) (REB500sys only)

This function only appears providing it is enabled (see options in Section 12.).

5.4.8. Breaker failure protection (BFP)

This function only appears providing it is enabled (see options in Section 11.1.).

5.4.9. End fault protection (EFP)


5.4.10. Time-overcurrent protection (OCDT)


5.4.11. Circuit-breaker pole discrepancy function (PDF)


5.4.12. Event memory

The busbar protection includes an event memory for each indi-vidual unit (central unit and bay units) in which changes in the statuses of binary signal are recorded. The event memories have a capacity for 100 events in bay units and 1000 events in the central unit. The user can select whether the oldest event should be overwritten (ring register) or no further events re-corded when the memory is full.

A time stamp (date and time with an accuracy of 1 ms), a text defined using the operator program and a status (set or reset) are attached to every event. Individual texts can be entered for each status.

5-63


Generally, one event is configured for every input and output, but events can also be assigned to opto-coupler inputs or relay out-puts.

When a PC running the operator program is connected, events can be uploaded from the protection to the PC. The events stored in the central unit can only be read when connected to the central unit and the events stored in bay units when connected to either the central unit or the respective bay unit.

Events that are no longer needed in the PC can be deleted ei-ther individually or collectively in marked groups.

Fig. 5.34 Settings - Event memory

5-64