The Effect of Frustration, Conflict & Stress

Thursday, 05th Nov 09

Course Outline

Sr. |Chap|Final Exam Chapter HeadingNo.|No. |Q. No.1. 1 1 An Introduction to Motivational Concept (260909)2. 2 2 Motivation in the History (101009)3. 3 3 Darwinian Theory of Evolution and Motivation

(171009)4. 4 4 Instinct and Motivation (311009)5. 5 5 The Effect of Frustration, Conflict and Stress 6. 6 6 Need Theories of Motivation7. 7 7 Reinforcement/Incentive Theories8. 8 8 Expectancy Theories of Motivation9. 9 9 Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance10. 10 10 Motivation and Monetary Rewards11. 11 11 Motivation Through MBO and Performance

AppraisalMarks Distribution:

Number of Quizzes attended + Midterm + Final assignment

Motivation

Motivation is getting others to do something because they want to do it.

The process which encourages and guides behavior.

The act or process of stimulating to action, providing an incentive or motive, especially for an act.

Motivation is the internal drive to accomplish a particular goal. In a work setting, motivation is what makes people want to work.

Motivation: Goal directed behavior

QUIZ

Draw Lorenz Hydraulic Model

He related each instinct with a particular emotion List of instincts;

Repulsion, Fear, Disgust curiosity, Wonder pugnacity, Anger self abasement, Negative self feeling self-assertion, Elated self feeling reproduction, tender emotion gregariousness (social), acquisition, and construction

INSTINCT

Chap 3

Difference Between Emotion & Motivation

“Emotion is derived from e (out) and movere (to move)”

-Young (1943) Migration moving, stirring, agitation, perturbation

agitated, vehement or excited mental state or FEELINGS

Definitions Motivation: “Motivation is the internal drive to accomplish

a particular goal”

Emotion is one of the fundamental reasons of motivation Emotion: “Its an adjustment made to a stimulating

condition, which (the adjustment) involves a marked change in energy level.

Higher the energy, higher is the motivation

Effects of Emotion The activation of energy varies from a minimum to

maximum level

The varying degree emotion creates a relative degree of arousal which ultimately effects motivation

The extreme conditions of behavior cause Frustration, Conflicts and Stress

Root causes of such behaviors are emotional instability, anxiety, threat, tension, distress, breakdown, disaster effects, environmental extremes, ego etc

FRUSTRATION “The feeling of insecurity and dissatisfaction

arising from unresolved problems or unsatisfied needs and wants”

“A course of action that has not been carried through to it’s a goal or conclusion, or that an end state of some sort has not been reached or that an expected outcome has failed to materialize.”

Frustration may result as a single set of events or repeated similar instances that make the person frustrated.

SOURCES OF FRUSTRATION

Inner-Outer Distinction Developmental Crises and Frustration Relation to Underlying Drive

FRUSTRATION AS A DRIVE Frustration is a negative function of the

anticipated likelihood of a goal attainment or need satisfaction

Brown-Farber, Amsel, Roussel and Wagner conducted different experiments and have confirmed the following

Frustration provides drive stimulation which gives it directive properties for goal attainment

Frustration can be reduced through reinforcement

REACTIONS TO FRUSTRATION

1. Frustration-Aggression: When there is something blocking the

achievement of goal, the result is anger and attacking behavior

It may be directed towards the object or person causing blocking or self

REACTIONS TO FRUSTRATION

2. Frustration-Regression: (dropping) Exposition to less likely objects or Goals causes

regression behavior

3. Frustration-Repression: (motivated forgetting) unknowingly excluding certain ego threatening

experiences or feelings from one’s consciousness.

4. Frustration-Fixation: Behavior without a goal, which continues

without any influence or anticipation of consequences with a lack of interest or excitement

QUIZ TIME

DEFINE FRUSTRATION

CONFLICT Conflict is actual or perceived opposition of

needs, values and interests. A conflict can be internal (within oneself) to individuals.

Conflict as a concept can help explain many aspects of social life such as social disagreement, conflicts of interests, and fights between individuals, groups, or organizations.

For resolution of conflicts certain external factors are always required to be induced.

TYPES OF CONFLICT1. Approach-Approach Conflict two desirable things are wanted, but only one option can

be chosen example: desirable project Or ski trip "I want this but I also want that”

2. Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict two unattractive alternatives example: study or do the dishes "I don't want his and I don't want that

3. Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict attractive and unattractive parts to both sides "I want this but I don't want what this entails”

STRESS An Extreme condition, involving tension,

perhaps damage, and some form of resistance to the straining force

“Stress is your mind and body’s response or reaction to a real or imagined threat, event or change.

WHAT IS STRESS? Stress is your mind and body’s response

or reaction to a real or imagined threat, event or change.

The threat, event or change are commonly called stressors. Stressors can be internal (thoughts, beliefs, attitudes or external (loss, tragedy, change).

EXAMPLES

Cardiac - increased heart rate Respiratory - increased respiration Skin - decreased temperature Hormonal - increased stimulation of

adrenal genes which produce an adrenal rush.

TYPES OF STRESS1. Systemic Stress

• A pshychobiological term• The state of the organism following failure of the

normal hoeostatic regulatory mechanisms of adaptation

• Stressor Agents: Heat, cold, infections, injury, shock, intoxicants, muscular exercise, surgical trauma, life threat, social status threat etc

2. Psychological Stress• Commonly used as a synonym for anxiety, conflict,

ego involvement, frustration, threat and emotionality.

• Psychological stress is a broader term that includes systemic stress too.

• A state of the organism resulting from some interaction with the environment

STRESS RESPONSE1. Systemic Stress2. Emotionality3. Subjective feelings of distress4. Defensive behavior

2. Emotionality

o Cardiovascular changeso Sweatingo breathing rate changes, breathing

difficultyo gastrointestinal disturbanceso headaches,tension, o termors, insomnia (sleeplessness) etc

2. Subjective Feeling of Distress

o Subjective awareness of bodily change

o I feel tenseo I am anxiouso I have headacheo My head is going round and round

2. Defensive Behavior

o Withdrawalo Amnesic repressiono Psychotic breakdowno Emotional exhaustiono Death