zfèct rfmDl IfƒpD - Bangali Islamic Books New Folder (4)/Umrah O Hajjer... · …mvfr W rsÏv...

…mvfr W rsÏv dhdL-dhLfb ************ 1

zfèct rfmDl IfƒpD

********** …mvfr W rsÏv dhdL-dhLfb 2

HCdmjf 1 rÏ 3 rsÏ pfWqfv iCshG 12 mDjfk 18 ƒrvfm 18 ƒrvfm h]fLfv dbqm 19 kftdhqfr 22 rsÏv iajfvsHl 24 ƒrvfsm zShL 26 …mvfr W rsÏv iÝdk 32 nf'„ 39 rsÏv jvBDq 44 8ƒ pctrÏ 44 9ƒ pctrÏ 45 10ƒ pctrÏ 49 11 W 12ƒ kfvDJ 53

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mÄf mcjfvGfmfv zflh W dhlfqD kWqfI 59 mndusl bhhDv dpqfvk 61 zfvfIfv dlsbv IpDtk W jkGhA 67 jcvhfbDv dlsbv IpDtk 72 kfwvDsjv dlbnmCsrv IpDtk 73 idvdwó 78 rÏ n©idjGk djYc Iskfqf 78


بسم اهللا الرحمن الرحیم

احلمد هللا رب العاملني، والصالة والسالم على أشرف املرسلني، نبينا

.حممد وعلى وآله وصحبه أمجعني zf©mf hf'l, hfQtf HfNfq rÏ W …mvfv hƒ-ˆv zHfh sbƒ. ksh kfv sjfbde ˆsjhfsv nQd[å. sjfbde hf stJsjv hAdÙÁok zdHÎkfv jKf Kfjfv Ist zfjfsv lDOG. ˆjfdLj hfv rÏ-…mvfr jvfv iv zLsmv sp zdHÎkf tfH rsqsY ˆhQ bfbf slw W mprfshv rfuDslvsj rÏ-…mvfr jvsk sp nh Hct-Û¢de lxdósofyv rsqsY kfƒ nQd[å zfjfsv ifEjhsoGv nfmsb kcst Lvfv ubA ˆƒ icd²Àjfv zhkfvBf. ëmB-jfdrbD W rfvfm wvDI kKf n†lD zfvshv snZ¦lspGv jKf zsbsjv ufbf. pf ufbf bq kf rt, ˆk hV hAqhùt ƒhflskv ndEj dbqm-iÝdk. zkˆh ndEj dbqm-iÝdkv dljefƒ sJqft jsv sjht snƒ dljefƒ iafLfbA slWqf rt ˆƒ icd²Àjfq. hù Hct-ëfd§À W nmnAf lCvDjvsBv ts[A idvdwsó djYc Iskfqf nQjdtk rsqsY. lfWqfkD Hfƒ ubfh nftfùÜDb nfsrshv ivfmswG `pctrsÏv sksvf dlb' sKsj sjht rÏ n©idjGk mfnfsqtsj ixKj jsv sYfe nfƒsu iajfw jvf rt.




zfwf jdv rÏ jvsk ƒ¤Ycj mcndtsmv ubA zÛ icd²Àjf ˆjde ifsKq ˆhQ nc¦lv …irfv rsh. mrfb zfïfrv jfsY zfmfv zfjct zfshlb sp, dkdb spb zfmfv W iajfwsjv ˆƒ boBA dJlmksj jhct jsv sbb ˆhQ jft djqfmsk ˆv znDtfq zfmfslv, zfmfslv dikf-mfkf W W²ÀfposBv mcJ …Ï¶t jsvb. zfmDb.

dhbDk- zfèct rfmDl zft-mflfbD

zft-mfumfzfr, n†lD zfvh dFsnìv, nb 2006ƒQ


rrrÏÏÏ

pctrsÏv iaKm lw dlsbv msLA rÏ zflfq jvf nshGfÙm zfmtnmCsrv zbAkm. zkˆh pfsj zfïfrifj k]fv oxsrv rÏ jvfv kWIDj lfb jsvsYb ˆhQ sp pKfKGv™si rÏ iftb jvsk iaqfnD rq, sn ƒbwfzfïfr vnCtcïfr ˆv ˆƒ hfBDsk kfv mrfHfo Kfjsh, ªmÓcvjxk rsÏv iadklfb ufâfk hAkDk zfv djYc bq.« pfv dh²Àfdvk zfstfybf isv jvf rsh ƒbwfzfïfr. rÏ nfmKGAhfb mcndtm (icv¢N hf bfvD) ˆv …iv zfïfrv kvI rsk ˆj Ivpjxk zfmt. dkdb hstb,

zKGf{, ªmfbcsNv msLA pfv (mÄfq pfhfv) nfmKGA zfsY, zfïfrv …sÜswA ‰ (jf'hf) oxsrv rÏ jvf kfv is[ zhwAjkGhA (Ivp). zfv sp zöDjfv jvsh (sn susb vfJcj sp,) dbÇyq zfïfr dhw¶uo{ rsk zmcJfsi[D.« (dkdb uoskv …iv dbHGvwDt bb.) (jc} 3/97) jcvzfsbv ˆƒ zfqfskv hfybHdÌ zfvhD HfNfq zkAfhwAjkfv (Ivp hf Wqfsuh rWqfv) …iv hV kfjDl hrb jsv; sp Èv¢k¶iCBG kfjDl äfvf rÏsj Ivp jvf rsqsY




ˆhQ kfv mpGflfsj nc…âk jvf rsqsY. zk}iv kfv nfsK `jcI Xv' wè pcÙÁ rsq Ivpsj zdLj wdÙÁwftD W Èv¢k¶iCBG jsvsY. zfv ˆƒ Ivpsj iakAfJAfb W zöDjfvjfvDv iadk dkvõfv sOfNBf jvf rsqsY. (Ikùt jflDv 1/363) zfïfrv diaq bhD hstb, ªƒntfm i]fyde (²Às©Hv) …iv iadkdôk; zfïfr YfVf sjfb nkA …ifnA sbƒ ˆhQ mcrf©mfl zfïfrv lCk (vnCt) ˆƒ nf[A ialfb jvf, bfmfp jfsqm jvf, pfjfk ialfb jvf, hfƒkcïfrv (mÄf mcjfvGfmfq zhd²¿k jf'hf wvDsIv) rÏ jvf ˆhQ vmpfsbv svfpf iftb jvf.« (hcJfvD 8bQ,mcndtm) rÏ uDhsb ˆjhfv Ivp. zfïfrv bhD hstb, ªrÏ ˆjhfv, sp hAdÙÁ zdLjhfv jvsh kf (kfv ubA) bIt rsh.« (zfhClf†l 1721bQ) zhwA …mvfr Ivp djbf kf dbsq …tfmfslv mfsU mkf§Àv vsqsY. ksh kf kAfo jvf …dyk bq. uDhsb z§Àk} ˆjhfv kf iftb jvf jkGhA. rÏ jvfv iCshGW …mvfr jvf pfq. ƒhsb …mfv hstb, ªˆsk sjfb [dk sbƒ. bhD rsÏv iCshG …mvfr jsvsYb. (hcJfvD 3/598) vnCt ˆƒ lcƒ ƒhflk jvfv …iv …©mksj …{nfdrk W zbciafdBk jsvsYb. spsrkc ˆƒ ƒhflskv mfsU vsqsY dyÙwcdÝ,


sofbfrv mqtf W lfo rsk zfk¹f-ia[ftb. pfsk mcndtm ivjfst kfv iadkiftsjv zbcoar W nmflv ifhfv spfoA rsq WsE. bhD jvDm hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv ubA rÏ jsv ˆhQ (snƒ rsÏ) spZbfyfv W sjfb ifi (hf zbAfq jfu) bf jsv, ksh sn snƒ dlbjfv mk (db®ifi rsq) dIsv zfsn, spdlb kfv ubbD kfsj ianh jsvdYt.« (hcJfvD 1449, mcndtm 1350bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªˆj …mvfr rsk ziv ˆj …mvfr, …Hsqv z§ÀhGkDG jftDb ifinmCsrv jfI XIfvf (iafqdÇyÙ). zfv (zfïfrv dbje) oxrDk rsÏv iadklfb ufâfk hAkDk djYc bq.« (hcJfvD 1683, mcndtm 1349bQ) oxrDk rÏ snƒ rÏsj htf spsk ifsv, sp rÏ dhwcÝdysÙ jvf rq, pfv nmClq vDdk-dbqm pKfKGv™si iftb jvf rq, pf nhGdlj sKsj iCBGfÌ rq, mÌt W nlfyfv äfvf iCBG rq ˆhQ spZbfyfv jtcN W kjG-dhhfl rsk dhwcÝ rq. zhwA iasqfusb nlXHfh W snZusbAv nfsK kjG jvf zShL bq. dj§ Â zsbj s[Û zfsY spJfsb sjfb wvqD nmnAf dbsq nlXHfsh dhkjG jvfW dbvKGj, spmb záfbcjvB, zbAfq i[ifdkk¶ ƒkAfdl dhkjG kAfo jvfƒ swaq}. (mfbfdnjct rÏ, zfthfbD 8ix}) rsÏv Èv¢k¶ W mpGflf zsbj. zfïfrv isK durfslv iv mpGflfq ˆƒ rsÏvƒ ²¿fb vsqsY. spmb iCshG ˆj rflDsn




…sïdJk rsqsY. ‰ rsÏv ˆjde iaLfb zÌ zfvfIfk mqlfsb zh²¿fb. njt rfuDsj bhm pctrsÏ ‰ mqlfsb djYcjftW zh²¿fb jvskƒ rq. spdlsbv mpGflf iansÌ bhD hstb, ªzfvfIfskv dlb YfVf ˆmb sjfb dlb sbƒ, pfsk zfïfr ifj hf¦lfsj zdLj zdLj zdojcà sKsj mcÙÁ jsv Kfsjb. dkdb (‰ dlsb) dbjehkDG rb ˆhQ kfslvsj (rfuDslvsj) dbsq dIdvñfhsoGv dbje ohG jsvb. hstb, `dj yfq Wvf?« (mcndtm 1348bQ) rsÏv zdLjfQw jfpGfhtDv mfrfk¹A hBGbf jsv mrfbhD hstb, ªidhÛ jf'hfv dlsj öoxr sKsj skfmfv shv rWqfsk, skfmfv nWqfvDv iaskAj ils[siv dhdbmsq zfïfr ˆjde jsv nWqfh dtdihÝ jvshb ˆhQ ˆjde jsv ifi smfyb jvshb. zfvfIfq zh²¿fb jfst zfïfr dbsyv zfnmfsb sbsm zfsnb ˆhQ kfslvsj (rfuDslvsj) dbsq dIdvñfhsoGv dbje ohG jsvb. hstb, `zfmfv ‰ hf¦lfoB zftcKftc sjsw LCtfmdtb shsw lCv-lCvf§Àv iK zdkÛÁm jsv zfmfv jfsY ˆsn zfmfv vrmskv zfwf jsv ˆhQ zfmfv zfpfhsj Hq jsv, zKy kfvf zfmfsj slsJdb. kfrst kfvf zfmfsj slJst dj jvk? nckvfQ skfmfv pdl hfdtv ifrfV zKhf ixdKhDv hqn zKhf zfjfswv hxdó idvmfB sofbfr Kfsj, zfïfr kf sLZk jsv dlshb. ifKv mfvfv nWqfh skfmfv ubA umf Kfjsh.


mfKf sbVfv jvst iaskAj ycstv dhdbmsq ˆjde jsv nWqfh dtJf rsh. zk}iv jf'hfoxsrv kWqfI jvst kcdm skfmfv ifivfdw sKsj snƒ dlsbv mk shv rsh, spdlb skfmfv mf skfmfsj u¦m dlsqdYt.« (k¶fhfvfbD, nrDùt ufsm' 1360bQ) iaskAj ils[siv dhdbmsq ˆjde j'sv ifismfyb rsh, ˆjde j'sv nWqfh stJf rsh ˆhQ ˆjde j'sv mpGflf hLGb rsh. (rfsjm, ƒhsb drêfb, n} kfvoDh) rsÏv nm²À wkGfhtD iCBG rst (Hfviafå) mcndtsmv …iv Wqfsuh, sn spb dhtì bf jsv nk¶v rsÏv Ivp zflfq jsv. spsrkc dhbf Wpsv rÏ iftsb dhtì hf oqQo¤Y jvst sn sofbfrofv rsh. (zft ƒJdkqfvfkct dIjdrqAfr 115 ix}) zsbj pchj rÏ Ivp rWqf nsÙ¶W Hfsh, ˆJb rÏ jvst dIvfv iv mvB ipG§À hù nmq hfjD Kfjsh, kfsk ifiW rsh shwD. kfƒ mvsBv iChGjft hfLGsjAv zsi[f jsv. zKy dmnjDb ufsb bf sp, kfv mxkcA jJb zfnsh. Ist ˆƒHfsh Ivp zflfsq zhsrtf jsv. zsbsj dikf-mfkfv hkGmfsb rÏ rq bf msb jsv. Ist ˆƒ nh sJ]fVf Wucrfk W Yt-hfrfbf jsv pJb msv, kJb mrfifiD rsq msv. nfmKGAhfb dikf zKhf zdHHfhsjv jkGhA kfv zLDsb njt idvusbv ubA rsÏv nch¦lh²À jsv slWqf, pfsk kfvfW




dbsuv Ivp zflfq jvsk n[m rq. diaq bhD hstb, ªskfmvf iaskAsjƒ v[j ˆhQ iaskAjsjƒ kfv v[Bfsh[sBv hAfifsv SjdIqk dlsk rsh.« (hcJfvD 853, mcndtm 1829,kInDv zfpWqf…t hfqfb 5/108) rÏ jvfv nfmKAG W ncspfo rWqfv iv kf zdhtsì iftb jvfv hAfifsv sp nm²À rflDn hdBGk rsqsY kfv sjfbefƒ nmfstfybf sKsj Jfdt bq. ksh ˆ dhNqde jcvzfb mfuDslv dhdHâ zfqfk äfvf nmdKGk rsqsY. pfsk htf rsqsY, zfïfrv zfslw iftsb hf sjfb n{jfsu wDOakf jvf W Ivp zflfsq iadkspfdokf W kdVOdV jvf Wqfsuh. ‰ nm²À rflDsn htf rsqsY sp, dhbf Wusv W hfLfq Ivp zflfsq dhtì jvst sofbfrofv rsh. spmb, ª(Ivp) rÏ iftsbv ubA wDOakf jv. jfvB, skfmfslv sj… ufsb bf sp, kfv dj zncdhLf …id²¿k rsk ifsv.« (mcnbfsl zfrmfl 1/314, ƒvqWqf…t oftDt 4/168) mrfb zfïfr hstb,

) ضاألرو اتموا السهضرة عنجو كمبن رة مفرغوا إىل مارعسونقيتللم تأعد(

zKGf{, skfmvf iadkspfdokf jv, skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje sKsj [mf ˆhQ ufâfskv ubA; pfv ia²¿ zfjfw W ixdKhDv nmfb; pf mcÙfjDslv ubA ia²Âk vfJf rsqsY. (jc} 3/133) zbAÛ dkdb hstb, )اتريبقوا الختفاس(


zkˆh skfmvf n{jsmG iadkspfdokf jv. (jc} 2/148) rsÏv wkGfhtDv msLA nfhftjk¶ W nfmKGA zbAkm. ksh sYfe bfhftj-hfdtjf pdl dikf-mfkf hf ziv jfsvf nfsK rÏ jsv kfrst sn rÏ wcÝ rsh ˆhQ dikf-mfkf nWqfshv zdLjfvDW rsh. dj§ Â ‰ rÏ jsv kfslv Ivp zflfq rsh bf. htf hfùtA, nfhftj rWqfv iv pdl rsÏv zbAfbA wkG iCvB rq ksh kfslv …iv zfhfv rÏ zflfq Ivp rsh. nfmKGA nìsá zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªmfbcsNv msLA pfv snJfsb pfWqfv nfmKGA zfsY zfïfrv …sÜswA ‰ oxsrv rÏ jvf kfv is[ zhwAjkGhA.« (jc} 3/97) zfv nfmKGAhfb snƒ hAdÙÁ, sp nwvDsv dbsuv …Ùm (rftft) n©il äfvf rÏ jvfv [mkf vfsJ. Lbht bf Kfjst ‡B jsv rÏ jvf uv¢vD bq. spmb ‡Boa²À Kfjst rÏ Ivp bq. (zft mcmsk' 7/30) pdl sj… wfvDdvj z[m rq dj§ Â n©isl n[m Kfsj, ksh slJsk rsh sp, kfv ‰ Sldrj z[mkf lCvDHCk rWqfv zfwf zfsY dj bf? pdl hfLGjA zKhf dyvsvfsov jfvsB rsÏ znmKG rq, ksh sn kfv n©il dlsq zivsj bfsqh jsv rÏ jvfsh. zfv pdl ‰ z[mkf lCv rWqfv zfwf Kfsj, ksh zfsvfoAtfH ipG§À zsi[f jsv dbsu rÏ zflfq jvsh. zfhfv zsi[fjfst pdl kfv mxkcA rsq pfq ksh kAÙÁ n©il rsk kfv sYstvf hf zbA sj… (kfv bfsm) rÏ jvsh.




ianÌk} …sïJA sp, sp hAdÙÁ zisvv kvI sKsj bfsqh rsq (zisvv bfsm) rÏ jvsh kfv ubA wkG rt, sn spb iCshG kfv dbsuv Ivp rÏ zflfq jsv Kfsj. dbsu rÏ bf jsv Kfjst zisvv bfsm rÏ rsh bf. zbcv™iHfsh …mvfskW ˆƒ nh bDdk mfbA W iftbDq. ˆsk icv¢sNv kvI sKsj bfvD zKhf bfvDv kvI sKsj icv¢N rÏ hf …mvfr jvsk ifsv. jfsvf äfvf rÏ jvfst ˆmb iadkdbdL dbhGfyb jvf …dyk, sp rsÏv nm²À jkGhA hf zfrjfm ufsb ˆhQ sbj W ivsrpofv stfj rq, pfv rÏ jhct rWqfv hAfifsv zdLj zfwf vfJf pfq. zbcv™iHfsh iadkdbdLvW …dyk, ˆ jfsu zfïfrv ubA kfv dyÙsj dhwcÝ jvf. ˆv mfLAsm idhÛ W mpGflfiCBG ² ¿fbnmCsr ƒhflskv …sÜwA W ƒ¤Yf vfJf. mcndtm Hfsqv ˆƒ ƒhflk zflfq jsv kfsj …ijxk jvf ˆhQ zhsrtf bf jsv n©iCBGv™si nm²À rsÏv jkGhA zfiafB syófv nfsK nmfLf jvf. spsrkc ˆjusbv kvI rsk ƒhflsk iadkdbdLk¶ sbWqf ˆj zfmfbk. ˆ zfmfbsk sJqfbk jvf zhwAƒ kfv ubA ShL bq. spmb sjfb mcndtsmv ubA ˆW rftft bq sp, sn rÏsj zsKGfifuGsbv mfLAm W ncspfov™si oarB jsv ˆhQ sjht zsKGfifuGsbv …sÜswA zisvv dbje rsk zKG dbsq kfv iadkdbdLv™si rÏ jsv. …sÜwA ˆƒ rst zhwAƒ kfv ubA zfsJvfsk sjfb zQw sbƒ. ˆ nìsá zfïfr kfzftf hstb,


ªpdl sj… ifdKGh uDhb W kfv swfHf jfmbf jsv ksh ixdKhDsk zfdm Wslv jsmGv idvdmk It lfb jdv ˆhQ ixdKhDsk Wvf jm ifsh bf. Wslvƒ ubA ivstfsj zfocb hAkDk zbA djYcƒ sbƒ ˆhQ kfvf pf jsv ivstfsj kf db®It rsh. zfv Wvf pf jsv Kfsj (dbqsk Jfvfdhv ubA) kf dbvKGj rsh. (jc} 11/15-16)

zhwA rÏ zfnt …sÜwA rst rsÏv smZnsm zfïfrv zbcoar W v¢uD zbcnáfb jvf, hAhnf-hfdBuA jvf hf iasqfubDq sjfb dudbniÛ Jdvl jsv slsw zfbf slfsNv jKf bq. pdl kf zfnt jkGhA sKsj dhvk bf vfsJ, hAhnf rftft …ifsq rq ˆhQ kf zfïfrv zbcoar W lfb msb jvf pfq ksh. ˆ dhNsq zfïfr ifj hstb, ªncdhdlk mfsn rÏ rq. sp sj… ˆƒ mfnÈdtsk rsÏv ƒrvfm hf]sL, sn spb rsÏv nmq ²ÃD-dmtb (sjfb iajfv spZbfyfv), ifi jfu ˆhQ UoVf-dhhfl bf jsv. zfv skfmvf sp n{jfu jv, zfïfr kf ufsbb ˆhQ skfmvf (rsÏv ubA) ifsKq nQoar jv ˆhQ kfjWqf (ivsrpofvD hf zfk¹nQpm)ƒ rt swaô ifsKq. sr ÎfbDoB! skfmvf sjht zfmfsjƒ Hq jv. skfmfslv is[ skfmfslv iadkiftsjv zbcoarnáfsb sjfb slfN sbƒ. nckvfQ pJb skfmvf zfvfIfk rsk (la¢k odksk) iakAfhkGb jvsh kJb mfwzfv¢t rfvfsm (mcplfdtIfq) si]ZsY zfïfrsj n¹vB jvsh. ˆhQ dkdb spHfsh dbslGw dlsqsYb dEj snHfsh k]fsj n¹vB (k]fv dpjv) jvsh. pdlW iCshG skfmvf




dhëf§Àslv z§ÀHGcÙÁ dYst. zk}iv zbAfbA stfj spJfb sKsj sIsv snJfb sKsjƒ dIsv yt. zfv zfïfrv jfsY mfuGbf yfW, h² Âk} zfïfr mfuGbfjfvD ivm lqftc. zk}iv pJb skfmvf rsÏv zbcôfbfdl n©iâ jsv sbsh, kJb zfïfrsj ˆmbHfsh n¹vB jvsh spmb skfmvf skfmfslv dikxicv¢Nsj n¹vB jvsk zKhf klsi[f oHDvHfsh. ˆmb djYc stfj zfsY pfvf hst, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! zfmfslvsj ixdKhDsk (nhdjYc) lfW. h² Âk} kfslv ubA ivjfst sjfb zQw sbƒ. zfv kfslv msLA (ˆmb djYc stfj zfsY) pfvf hst, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj zfmfslvsj ƒrjfst jtAfB lfW ˆhQ ivjfstW jtAfB lfW ˆhQ zfmfslvsj slfpsJv zfpfh sKsj v[f jv. kfvf pf zuGb jsvsY kfv iafiA zQw kfslvƒ. h² Âk} zfïfr drnfh oarsB zkA§À k{iv.« (jc} 2/197-202)

rrrsssÏÏÏ pppfffWWWqqqfffvvv iiiCC CssshhhGG G mcndtm rÏ jvfv nQj¬i jvst dbsmfÙÁ jmGfhtDv zbcnvB jvfv syóf jvsh; 1. ƒs²ÀJfvfv lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp zflfq jsv nmqfdl dbhGfysb zfïfrv nfrfpA iafKGbf jvsh. 2. dhðÝ kWhf jsv sbsh. jfsvf djYc bfrj zfk¹nf{ jsv


Kfjst kf iakAfiGB jvsh, jfsvf iadk pctcm jsv Kfjst kfv dbje [mf sysq sbsh, ‡B Kfjst idvswfL jsv slsh, jfsvf zfmfbk Kfjst kf sIvk slsh, jf…sj zdnqk jvfv Kfjst dtsJ slsh. jfvB, sn hfdV dIvsk ifvsh djbf kf ufsb bf. idvhfv-idvusbv ubA idvdmk Jvy-ifdk dlsq pfsh, dikf-mfkf hf kÙctA sj… Kfjst kfslv n©mdk dbsq W kfslvsj n§ Âó jsv pfsh. yfjcvD Kfjst jkGxis[v dbje sKsj Ycde sbsh. (mfufïfkct hrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/67) 3. isKv ubA psKó nìt nfsK jsv sbsh. n©Hh rst shwD shwD ifsKq nsÌ dbsq iasqfusb zisvv nfrfpA jvsh. ksh ˆƒ ifsKqv nhecjcƒ rftft mft sKsj rWqf ˆjf§À uv¢vD. spmb nIsvv ubA kfjWqf W zfïfr-HDv¢kf ˆj mrf nìt. spsrkc kfjWqfsk bAfq-zbAfq ifKGjA jvfv wdÙÁ nÑq rq, nËe-mcrCskG ncvfrf nxdó rq, nmnAfv nmfLfb nru rsq pfq, ifi smfyb rq ˆhQ mrficvõfv tfH rq ƒkAfdl. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

))وتزودوا فإن خير الزاد التقوى(( zKGf{, ªskfmvf ifsKq nQoar jv. zfv kfjWqfƒ rt swaô ifsKq. (jc} 2/197) ÎfkhA sp, ˆmb nIsv kfWqfÄct ˆv bfm dbsq nìt YfVfƒ shv rWqf iajxk kfWqfÄct bq, dhlzfk. (mfbfdnjct rÏ, zfthfbD 48ix}) 4. rsÏv nIsvv ubA nrfqj, nWqfh-diaq sbj nÌD dbhGfyb




jvsh. ˆjfdLj nfKD rstƒ …Ùm. ufmfzfsk ˆjub zfstm rst skf snfbfq snfrfof. dpdb rsÏv dhdHâ zfrjfsm nkjG jvshb, nlfyvsB …äcÝ jvshb, nfvf nmqefsj sktfzk, dpj Xv hf sjfb rÏ n©idjGk djkfh iEsbv mfLAsm jfefsk iaqfnD rshb. 5. bfmfp jnv W umf jvf ƒkAfdl nr nIsvv dhdHâ jkGhA ufbsh. rfuD mdrtf rst kfv nfsK öfmD zKhf sjfb mfrvfm (pfv nsÌ ‰ mdrtfv dyvksv dhhfr rfvfm spmb, Îfdksk¶ dikf, icÛ, (zfib hf n{) Hfƒ, yfyf. lcÊ n©isjG lcL dikf, icÛ, lcL Hfƒ hf yfyf. Shhfdrj nìsá (zfib) ufmfƒ hf w¶ðv ƒkAfdl Kfjf uv¢vD. zfv ˆW uv¢vD sp, sn mfrvfm spb nfhftj W nc²¿ Îfb W md²Às°jv rq. jfvB, kfYfVf ˆjub mdrtfv ncnQv[B n©Hh bq. mdrtfv nfsK mfrvfm wkG rWqfv hAfifsv kfv pchkD hf hxÝf rWqfq sjfb ifKGjA sbƒ. spmb nIv lDOG srfj zKhf sYfe, ifdb, ²¿t hf dhmfb iK srfj, rsÏv hf zbA sjfb nIv srfj nhGs[sÛ njt nIsvv ubA ˆƒ wkG iCvB rWqf uv¢vD. spsrkc ˆ dhNsq diaq vnCt ˆv nfLfvB …dÙÁ, ªmfrvfm YfVf mdrtf spb nIv bf jsv.« (hcJfvD 1763, mcndtm 1341bQ) iajfw sp, mcsJ ifkfsbf Hfƒ, iDv (?) Hfƒ, yfyfskf, IcIfskf, Jftfskf, mfmfskf Hfƒ, slWv, Hfðv, sifNAicÛ ƒkAfdl zfib


Hfƒ hf icÛ rq bf, kfvf mfrfsvm bq ˆhQ kfslv nfsK nIv ShL bq. ufmfzfsk jkjÈdt dhw¶²À mdrtf rstW kfvf sjfb mdrtfv mfrvfsmv dhj¬i rsk ifsv bf. pfvf ˆ zdHmksj nmKGb jsvb k]fslv dHdÙ lchGt ˆhQ iCshGfsïdJk nrDr rflDsnv idvi§ ¿D. wfqJct ƒntfm ƒhsb kfƒdmqf (v}) hstb, `zfïfrv W k]fv vnCt (mdrtfv nIsvv hAfifsv) sp wkG zfsvfi jsvsYb snƒ wkG zfsvfi jvfƒ zdLj …ipcÙÁ W dbHGvspfoA ˆhQ kfv pcdÙÁW ±ió. spsrkc bfvD lchGt. iadkv[f W srIfpk YfVf nrnfq sn dhislv n©mcJDb rq. dhswN jsv nIsv WEf-bfmf ƒkAfdlv hAfifsv bfvD nrfqkfv mcJfsid[bD rq. zkˆh ˆmb nrfqsjv lvjfv sp kfv iasqfub dmefsh, slr ±iwG jsv dhdHâ jfsu nrspfdokf jvsh. sn ˆhQ kfv ndÌbD zbAfbA bfvDslv ubAW ˆjƒ nfrfspAv iasqfub. zfv mfrvfm hAkDk ˆ jfsu jfsvf nrspfdokfq dbvfiÙf sbƒ; pdlW (‰ ofsqv mfrvfm) nhGswaô mcÙfjD hf Hft stfj rq. spsrkc r™lq-mb wDOa idvhkGbwDt ˆhQ wqkfb ncspfo náfbD. zfv ydvÛ dhÎfbD diaq bhD hstb, ªsjfb bfvDv nfsK sjfb (ofsqv mfrvfm) icv¢N dbuGbkfhtìb jvstƒ wqkfb kfslv kxkDq (sjfeXbf) rq.« (mcnbfsl zfrmfl 1/26, dkvdmpD 2165bQ) …sïJA sp, dhLhf ƒÜsk Kfjst rsÏv nIsv shv rsk ifsv




bf. ƒÜskv nmq ifv jsv mfrvfsmv nfsK nIsv shv rsh. kftfjiafåf ²ÃD ƒÜsk Kfjst öfmDv zbcmdk dbsq sjfb mfrvfsmv nfsK rÏ jvsk ifsv. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/674) 6. ufmfzfkhÝ rfuDslv …dyk, zdHÎ, ÎfbD, SLpGwDt W nIv dhNsq hùlwDG sjfb ˆjubsj zfmDv hf sbkf dbhGfyb jvf. dpdb njstv ivfmwG dbsq sbkxk¶ slshb. ˆj ˆjusbv …iv psKfipcÙÁ jfpGHfv ziGB jvshb; pfsk spZKHfsh njstv is[ nIsvv Hfv rfîf rsh. zhwA ˆƒ öfsKG zbAfbAslv …dyk, pfsk njstv tfH zfsY ˆhQ pf wvDqk idvi§ ¿D bq kfsk zfmDsvv zfbcokA jvf. ˆ dhNsq zfïfrv bhD hstb, ªpJb sjfb dkbub nIsv shv rsh kJb kfslv ubA uv¢vD, ˆjubsj zfmDv dbhGfyb jvf.« (zfhC lf†l 2609bQ) 7. nIsv dhdHâ zflh-jfqlfv zbcnvB jvsh. spmb, Ov sKsj shv rWqfv lczf, ofdV yVfv lczf, idvubsj dhlfqjftDb lczf iVf, sbj stfjslv jfY sKsj znDqk W bnDrk yfWqf, sjfb ²¿fsb zh²¿fbjfst lczf ifE, …]yc isK yVfv nmq kjhDv iVf, bDyc isK bfmfv nmq knhDr iVf, isKv msLA zh²¿fb bf jvf ƒkAfdl. 8. nIsvv nlfyfsv ydvÛhfb rsh. iK W rÏ zflfsqv jsóv …iv SLpGLfvB jvsh. zisvv Hct nrA W [mf jvsh. bmakf, näAhrfv, öfKGkAfo, ivdrSkNBf hAhrfv jvsh. drQnf, dhkjG W


dhhfl sKsj lCsv Kfjsh. zfmDsvv zfbcokA jvsh. nÌDslv zdHmskv dhivDk ˆjfjD sjfb dHâ mk dbsq kfslv dhsvfdLkf jvsh bf. zfsifsn iv±isvv dJlmk jvsk iaqfnD rsh. pKfn©Hh dbsuv dJlmk dbsu jvsh ˆhQ zisvv dJlmk jvsk W pKfn©Hh zisvv dbje sKsj dJlmk bf dbsk syóf jvsh. hfsu jKf, znfv hfjA W ofdt-m¦l jvf sKsj dur¶fsj drIfpk jvsh. zdkdvÙÁ mufj-EfÕf jvsh bf. ˆsj zisvv iadk zrdmjf iajfw jvsh bf. nmsqv psKfdyk näAhrfv jvf nr zbAfbA n{ ÈBfhtD LfvB jvsh. nfLfvB mcnfdIsvv ˆƒ zflh W dwófyfv YfVfW Jfn rfuDslv msLA dhswN ÈB Kfjf …dyk. spmb, iadk jfsu ƒJtfn (dhðÝHfsh zfïfrv kcdótfsHv ƒ¤Yf), zfïfr-HDv¢kf (kfjWqf), zfïfrv dbslGwfhtDv pKfKG n©mfb, zivsj jó bf slWqf, dhswN jsv kWqfI (jf'hf wvDI iald[B), nfqD (nfIf W mfvWqf ihGskv mLAhkDG ²¿fsb pfWqf-zfnf) W vmƒ dumfv (ifKv mfvf) jfst dH]sVv yfsi dbsusj nfmst sbWqf ˆhQ LfÄfq zivsj jó bf slWqf, zÎ mfbcN (spmb pfvf j]fL shv jsv bfmfp isV, znmsq ifKv mfsv kfslvsj) ndEj Îfb lfb jvf, rfdvsq pfWqf hAdÙÁsj kfv dEjfbfq si]ZsY slWqf hf iK dbslGw jvf. rsÏv njt zbcôfsb sjht zfïfrvƒ kf'pDm r™lsq-msb-mcsJ vfJf, rÏ iftsb W nhGjfsu ncâfrv zbcnvB




jvf. ƒkAfdl. ianÌk} …sïJA sp, mcndtsmv sjfbW zfmt sjht lc'de jdôifKsv dhyfv jsv oxrDk rq. ƒJtfn (sjhtmfÛ zfïfrv ns§ÀfNdhLfb) W ƒsÙhf (vnCstv zbcnvB, zKGf{ nm²À zfmt k]fv dbslGw W iÝdk zbcpfqD rWqf); ˆƒ lc'sqv ˆjdev zHfh rst sjfb zfmt jhct rq bf.

mmmDDDjjjfffkkk mlDbfhfnDslv ubA pct ùtfƒIfr hf zfhƒqfsv zftD, dndvqf W dmnvhfnDslv ubA ucrIf hf vfsho. bulhfnDslv ubA jfvbct mfbfspt, nfƒt hf WqflD mfrdvm. ƒvfj, ƒvfb W iChGslwDqslv ubA pfsk-ƒjG. ƒqfmfb, Hfvk, ifdj²Àfb, hfQtfslw, yDb, hmGf iaHxdk slwhfnDslv ubA ƒqftfmtfm hf nf'dlqfr. ˆhQ ˆƒ slwhfnD YfVf pfvf ˆv …iv dlsq zfnsh kfslv ubAW …ÙÁ ² ¿fbÈstf mDjfk. dj§ Â pfvf …ÙÁ mDjfk W mÄfv mLAjfv hfdn¦lf kfslv mDjfk kfslv dbsuslv hfn²¿fbƒ. klbcv™i mÄfhfnDslv mDjfk kfslv zfib-zfib oxr. iajfw sp, duÜf sjfb hdrvfokslv ubA mDjfk bq.

ƒƒƒrrrvvvfffmmm


…mvfv v¢j Xb dkbde; ƒrvfm, kWqfI W nfqD. ˆv Wqfsuh lc'de; mDjfk (…isvfÙÁ ƒrvfm h]fLfv dbdlGó ²¿fb) sKsj ƒrvfm h]fLf ˆhQ m²Àj mcàb hf sjw jkGb jvf. rsÏv v¢jXb yfvde; ƒrvfm, zfvfIfsk zh²¿fb, kfWqfsI dpqfvfr hf ƒIfpfr W nfqD. zfv ˆv Wqfsuh nfkde; mDjfk sKsj ƒrvfm h]fLf, nCpGf²À ipG§À zfvfIfsk zh²¿fb jvf, mcplfdtIfq vfdÛpfib jvf, ufmfvfsk ifKv mfvf, m²Àj mcàb zKhf sjw jkGb jvf, dmbfq vfdÛ hfn jvf ˆhQ dhlfqD kWqfI jvf. ÎfkhA sp, rÏ hf …mvfv sjfb v¢jXb hfl isV sost rÏ hf …mvfr rq bf. icbvfq zfofmDsk kfsj rÏ hf …mvfr (Ivp rst) jvsk rq. dj§ Â sjfb Wqfsuh Ycse sost dIlXqAfr tfso, rÏ rsq pfq. rÏ hf …mvfv iaKm v¢jXb ƒrvfm. pf ‰ ƒhflsk iashswv nË¬i (dbqk) jvfsj hcUfsbf rq. zfv pf sjht ƒrvfsmv jfiV ivfvƒ bfm bq. spsrkc mcrdvm (ƒrvfm sp h]fsL) ƒrvfm sh]sL bfbfdhL sifwfj-idv¤Yl, ncoá, dhhfr-spZbfyfv iaHxdk zfsvf zsbj h² Â pf kfv ubA iCshG rftft dYt kf dbsuv …iv rfvfm jsv sbq. (mcIDlct zfbfm 1/92)

ƒƒƒrrrvvvfffmmm hhh]] ] fffLLLfffvvv dddbbbqqqmmm rfuD zKhf mc'kfdmv (WmvfrjfvD) pJb mDjfsk (zKhf kfv




hvfhv ufqofq) si]ZYsh kJb kfv ubA mc²Àfrfh sp, sn ziasqfubDq yct hf stfm W bJ idv°jfv jsv sbsh. zhwA ˆef ƒrvfsmv sjfb zÌ hf ShdwsóAv msLA bq. ksh iasqfusb jkGhA dbÇyq hse. (zhwA ixKjHfsh jcvhfbD slWqfv dbqk Kfjst kf jvsh bf.) ˆviv sofnt jvsh. (slJcb, dkvdmpD 830bQ, lfsvmD 2/31, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmf 2595bQ, k¶fhfvfbDv jfhDv 4862bQ, lfvfj¶ckbD2/220hfƒrfj¶D 5/32, rfsjm 1/447, zft-mcmsk' 7/68) rfsqp W dbIfn-WqftD mdrtfW idhÛf mdrtfv mkƒ sofnt jsv ƒrvfm h]fLsh. spsrkc rfsqp ƒrvfsmv iadkháj bq. (mfumc IfkfWqf 26/109) icv¢Nvf slsr ncodá tfofsh, ksh ƒrvfsmv jfisV bq. nflf W idv°jfv ˆjde sntfƒdhrDb tcdÌ W ˆjde yflv ˆhQ yde hf yæt ivsh. tcdÌ bf sist ifqufmf ˆhQ uckf bf sist (yfmVfv) smfuf ivsh. (hcJfvD 1746, mcndtm 1178bQ) mdrtf sp sjfb jfisV ƒrvfm h]fLsk ifsv. ksh spb icv¢sNv lxdó zfjNGj vdMb hf snZ¦lpG-Jdyk sifwfj bf rq. jfvB kfsk nWqfh jmsk Kfjsh. mdrtfv ƒrvfsmv ubA sjfb dbdlGó vM hf Lvsbv jfiV sbƒ. `zvfn' hf ufIvfb zKhf zbA sjfb ncoá dmdwak jfisV ƒrvfm h]fLf pfsh bf. zfv ˆsk icv¢N W mdrtf njstƒ nmfb. (hcJfvD 1468, mcndtm 1177bQ, Ifkùt hfvD 4/52) mdrtf sbjfh W l²Àfbf ivsh bf. (hcJfvD 1741bQ) l²Àfbf; pf


mdrtfvf rfskv ilGfv ubA hAhrfv jsv kf bf ivstW jfiV (shfvjf hf yflv äfvf) rfk sTsj sbsh. sbjfh; pf y[cäq hfƒsv svsJ syrfvfq h]fLf rq. ofqv mfrvfm icv¢sNv buv sKsj h]fysk mdrtfv ubA syrfvfq WVbf hf yflsvv ilGf vfJf Wqfsuh ˆhQ syrfvfsj ilGfv jfiV sKsj lCvhkDG jvf sjfb uv¢vD bq. ifsqv smfuf ivsk ifsv, hvQ kf ifsqv ilGfv ubA …Ùm. icv¢NW l²Àfbf hAhrfv jvsh bf. zbcv™iHfsh hce hf ‰ ufkDq uckf ˆhQ smfuf ivsh bf. ksh yde uckf bf ifWqf sost iasqfusb kf hAhrfv jvf pfq. dwðslv ƒrvfm hVslv mkƒ. sntfƒ jvf sifwfj ˆhQ zbAfbA ƒrvfsmv zShL h² Â W jmGfdl rsk kfsj lCsv vfJf kfv zdHHfhsjv ubA Wqfsuh. pdlW zdLj dH]V W jsóv jfvsB sYfeslv rÏ W …mvf bf jvfƒ …dyk khcW ncspfo hcsU kfslv zdHHfhj jvfst jvfsk ifsv. zk}iv sthfnfdl isv pdl Ivp bfmfspv nmq rq ksh (spfrv, zfnv hf ˆwfv) lcƒ vfjXzfk (jnv) bfmfp iVsh ˆhQ kfviv ƒrvfm h]fLsh. pdl bfmfspv nmq bf rq ksh Wpcv ncâskv dbqsk lcƒ vfjzfk ncâk iVsh -pdlW hf sn nmsq bIt bfmfp dbdNÝ rq. ˆ YfVf ƒrvfsmv ubA sjfb dbdlGó ncâk bfmfp sbƒ. zhwA mDjfk pctùtfƒIf rst ˆJfsb bfmfp iVf mc²Àfrfh. ƒrvfsmv ubA bq; hvQ ² ¿fb (Wqfdlsq zfjDj) W kfv




hjGskv ubA. (mfbfdnjct rÏ, zfthfbD 15ix}) bfmfp swsN ofdVsk hsn msb msb …mvfv dbqk jvsh ˆhQ htsh, `tfêfƒjf …mvfr.' rsÏv dbqk jvsh W htsh, `tfêfƒjf rfÏf', …Hsqv dbqk jsv htsh, `tfêfƒjf …mvfk]f… z rfÏf.' `nchrfbfïfdr zt rfmlcdtïfdr zïfù zfjhfv, tfêfƒjf …mvfr' htfW Hft. (hcJfvD 1551bQ) ˆ nmq `zfïfù©mf rfdprD rfÏfr, tf dvqfzf IDrf ztf ncmzfr'- (zKGf{, ˆef ˆmb rÏ pfsk sjfb stfjialwGb sbƒ, sbƒ sjfb ncbfsmv ƒ¤Yf.) ˆ lczfW htf …Ùm. (mfbfdnjct rÏ, zfthfbD 16ix}) mcrdvm svfo, wÛ¢Hq ƒkAfdlv jfvsB rÏ iftb iCBG bf rWqfv zfwËf jvst kfv is[ wkG tfofsbf …Ùm. sn s[sÛ htsh, `pdl sjfb zhsvfLj zfmfsj zhv¢Ý jsv ksh snƒ zhsvfsLv ²¿fbƒ zfmfv rftft rWqfv ²¿fb.' ˆƒ wkG wcv¢sk tfofst rÏ hf …mvf zflfsq sjfb hfLf ˆst ˆhQ rÏ hf …mvfr n©iâ jvsk bf ifvst mcrdvsmv ubA rftft rWqf ShL rsh ˆhQ kfv …iv sjfb jcvhfbD zfdl Wqfsuh rsh bf. zbAKfq jcvhfbD Wqfsuh.

kkkffftttdddhhhqqqfffrrr zk}iv ofdVsk ysV djhtfmcJD rsq kftdhqfr ifE jvsk


wcv¢ jvsh. icv¢N …¤yösv ˆhQ mdrtf ycsi ycsi iVsh. zhwA dIkbfv Hq bf Kfjst hf ofdVv dHkv sjht mfrfsvsmv nfsK Kfjst mdrtfvfW nwsè iVsh. ufmfzfkhÝHfsh nmösv ˆjƒ nsÌ zKhf ˆjusbv htfv zbcjvB jsv iVsh bf. kftdhqfr rsÏv ˆj dblwGb W iakDj. (zfrmfl 2/325) zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªiaskAj kftdhqfr ifEjfvD pJb kftdhqfr ifE jsv, kJb kfv Ffƒsb W hfsm iaskAj ofYiftf ˆhQ ifKv-mfdeW kftdhqfr isV Kfsj. (hfƒrfjD 5/43) bhD ˆv idEk kftdhqfr iVfƒ …Ùm;

إن الح ،كيلب لك كريال ش كيلب ،كيلب مالله كيلب ة لكمعالنو دملك كريال ش ،لكالمو) .قالح إله كيلب(

…¤yfvB}- tfêfƒjfïf-ù©mf tfêfƒj, tfêfƒjf tf wfvDjf tfjf tfêfƒj, ƒâft rfmlf zbXdb'mfkf tfjf ztmctXjX, tf wfvDjf tfj. (tfêfƒjf ƒtf-rft rfÄX) zKG}- zfdm rfduv, sr zfïfr! zfdm rfduv. zfdm rfduv, skfmfv sjfb wvDj sbƒ, zfdm rfduv. dbÇyq njt iawQnf, sbqfmk W vfuk¶ skfmfvƒ. skfmfv sjfb wvDj sbƒ. (zfdm rfduv, sr nkA mf'hCl!) ˆƒ kftdhqfr shwD shwD jsv iVsh ˆhQ zbAfbA dpjXv W lczf zfdlW ifE jvsk Kfjsh. ˆƒ kftdhqfv …iv hfVdk zbA djYc bf htfƒ …Ùm. ksh ˆƒ lczf hfVdk htf pfq }- كيلب




ذا المعارج، لبيك ذا الفواضل، `tfêfƒjf pft mfzfdvu, tfêfƒjf pft If…qfdpt.'

zKGf{, zfdm rfduv, sr snfifbswaBDv mfdtj! zfdm rfduv, sr hxr{ sbqfmknmCsrv mfdtj!

كاء إليغبالرو ،كيدبي ريالخو ،كيدعسو كيللبمالعو. `tfêfƒj znf'lfƒj, ztXJfqv¢ dhqAflfƒj, zvvfohf-… ƒtfƒjf ztXzfmft.' zKGf{, zfdm rfduv, zfdm rfduv. nm²À jtAfB skfmfv rfsk, njt zfoar W jmG skfmfv iadk. (‰ 16ix}) mcrdvm pdl jfsvf iadkdbdL rq kfrst htsh, `tfêfƒjf …mvfkfb' zKhf `rfÏfb zfb (-----).' ˆhQ `zfb' hst zfnt jkGfv bfm sbsh.

rsÏv iajfvsHl rÏ dkb iajfsvv; kfmfÙc, dj¶vfb W ƒIvfl. nhsysq …Ùm rt kfmfÙcv ƒrvfm h]fLf. kfmfÙcv zKG; rsÏv mfsn iaKsm sjht …mvfv dbqsk ƒrvfm h]fLf, zk}iv …mvfr snsv rftft rsq icbvfq ‰ nIsvƒ rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fLf. ˆƒ ƒrvfm dhswN jsv kfslv ubA shwD Hfstf pfvf hù iCshGƒ rsÏv mfsn mÄf wvDsI si]ZsY Kfsj. pfsk kfvf …mvfr jvfv iv rftft rsq rsÏv ƒrvfm ipG§À `kfmfÙc' (Ifqlf) tfH jsv Kfsj.


kfmfÙcv dhswN IpDtk vsqsY. spsrkc nfrfhfoB pJb (bhD -ˆv nfsK rsÏ dosq) kWqfI W nfqD swN jvstb, kJb dkdb p]fvf nsÌ rflD (jcvhfbDv ið) ˆsbdYstb k]fslvsj YfVf njtsj …mvfr (oBA) jsv kfmfÙc jvsk zfslw jvstb. spsrkc dkdb dbsu nsÌ rflD ˆsbdYstb, kfƒ …mvfr oBA bf jsv rsÏv zsi[f jvstb ˆhQ kfmfÙc bf jvsk sisv zfIsnfn jvstb. zkˆh kfmfÙc …Ùm hstƒ k]fslvsj ˆƒ zfslw jsvdYstb ˆhQ dbsuW kfmfÙc jvfv ubA zfIsnfn jsvdYstb. hstdYstb, ªpdl rflD bf zfbkfm kfrst zfdm …mvfr jvkfm ˆhQ rftft rsq spkfm.« zdLj§ Â kfmfÙc rsÏ zfmt zdLj Kfsj, kfsk ixKjHfsh iCBG …mvfr Kfsj ˆhQ iCBG rsÏvW zfmt Kfsj. kfmfÙc rsÏ Ifqlf tfsHv ðjdvqf drnfsh ˆhQ lcƒ nIsvv ˆj nIv nQd[å rhfv ðjvfbfv ubA rflD (jcvhfbD) Wqfsuh. pdl rfuD kfsk n[m bf rq, kfrst („slv iv iv) 3 dlb ˆhQ hfdV dIsv 7 dlb nhGsmfe 10 dlb svfpf iftb jvsh. (jc} 2/196) ˆj nsÌ rÏ W …mvfv dbqk jsv ƒrvfm h]fLst zKhf …mvfv ubA ƒrvfm sh]sL isv ‰ nsÌ rÏ jvst dj¶vfb rÏ rq. dj¶vfb rsÏv rfuDv …ivW jcvhfbD Wqfsuh. bf ifvst ‰v™i lw dlb svfpf iftb jvsk rsh.




sjhtmfÛ rsÏv dbqsk ƒrvfm h]fLst ƒIvfl rÏ rq. ˆƒ rsÏ jcvhfbD Wqfsuh bq. sp hAdÙÁ ƒIvfl rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fsL, zKhf dj¶vfb rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fsL dj§ Â nsÌ rflD zfsb bf kfv ubA …Ùm sp, mÄf wvDI siZ]sY …mvfr jsv (kWqfsI jlcm W nfqD jsv ˆhQ yct sYfe jsv rftft rsq pfsh. zk}iv ƒrvfm Jcst dlsq icbvfq kfvdhqfv dlsb (8ƒ pct rÏ) rsÏv ƒrvfm hf]Lsh; zKGf{ kfmfÙc rÏ jvsh. zsbsj ˆv™i jvfefsj Wqfsuh hstsYb. (pflct mfzfl 2/185, mcIDlct zfbfm 1/130)

ƒƒƒrrrvvvfffsssmmm zzzSSShhhLLL ƒrvfm zh²¿fq mcrdvsmv ubA pf djYc jvf zShL kf nfLfvBk} dkb iajfv. iaKm iajfv zdhsLq pf bfvD-icv¢N njstv ubA nfLfvB ˆhQ kf 8 vjm; 1. mcàb hf zbA sjfb iajfsv m²Àsjv sjw lCvDjvB. zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªˆhQ sp ipG§À jcvhfbDv ið kfv o§ÀhA ²¿fsb …id²¿k bf rq skfmvf m²Àj mcàb jsvf bf. (jc} 2/196) klbcv™i slsrv msLA sjfb iajfsvv stfm skftf hf dY]Vf mcrdvsmv ubA zShL. 2. rfk zKhf ifsqv bJ skftf hf jfef. spsrkc ˆefW slsrv sjfb zQw lCv jvf; pfsk dhtfdnkf tfH rq.


3. wvDv, h² Ã, JflA zKhf ifbDqsk ncodá hAhrfv jvf. (hcJfvD 1206, mcndtm 1206bQ) 4. l²Àfbf hf rfksmfuf hAhrfv jvf. 5. öfmD-²ÃDv jfmu zfdtÌb, ycìb, ±iwG ƒkAfdl spZbfyfv. ˆƒ if]yde zShL jsmGv msLA sjfb ˆjdesk dtå rsq iVst ˆJdkqfsvv nfsK dkb iajfv `dIlXqAfr' (udvmfbf) zfsY. spmb zfïfrifj m²Àj mcàsbv hAfifsv hstb, ªzkˆh skfmfslv msLA sj… iDdVk rst, zKhf mfKfq sjfb hAfdL Kfjst (ˆhQ kfv ubA m²Àj mcàb jvsk rst idvhskG) sn svfpf vfJsh djQhf nfljfr jvsh, djQhf jcvhfbD äfvf kfv dIlXqAf dlsh.« (jc} 2/196) nckvfQ ˆƒ udvmfbf zflfsq ˆJdkqfv zfsY. ƒ¤Yf jvst dkb dlb svfpf iftb jvsh djQhf Yqde dmnjDb (db}ö)sj mfKf diYc zLG nf' (nWqf ˆj djstf) jsv JflA (yft) lfb jvsh zKhf ˆjde Yfo hf smN jcvhfbD dlsh. (zfv ˆƒ JflA W mfQn rfvfm wvDsIv dmnjDbslv mfsU h¦eb jvsk rsh.) spmb zfïfrv vnCt jf'h dhb …uvfrsj hstdYstb, ªn©Hhk} skfmfv mfKfv …jcBÈdt skfmfsj jó dls¤Y?« htstb, `r]Af, zfïfrv vnCt!' dkdb htstb, ªskfmfv mfKf mcàb jsv sIt ˆhQ dkb dlb svfpf vfJ, djQhf Yqde dmnjDb JfWqfW, djQhf ˆjde Yfo jcvhfbD jv.« (hcJfvD 1814, mcndtm 1201bQ)




zfv m²Àj mcàsbv …iv bJ jfef, smfufdl ivf, ncodá hAhrfv jvf W spZbfyfv jvfsj djqfn jvf rsqsY. spsrkc ˆÈdtW dhtfdnkfv msLA isV; pf ƒrvfm zh²¿fq zShL.

6. spfdbisK nrhfn jvf. nrhfn pdl iaKm rftft (1) rWqfv iCshG rq kfrst rÏƒ bó rsq pfsh. khcW rfuD hfjD zfmt swN jvsh. ˆjde …]e zKhf ov¢ jcvhfbD jvsh ˆhQ isvv hYsv icbvfq bkcb jsv jfpf rÏ jvsh. ² ÃD nrhfn hAkDk sjfb ˆmb zShL jfu sbƒ, pf iaKm rftfstv iCshG ƒrvfm dhbó jsv sIst. kfƒ ˆef nhsysq hV zShL jmG; pfsk hV jfI XIfvf W jfpf uv¢vD jvf rsqsY. 7. dhhfr. mcrdvm dbsu dhhfr jvsk ifvsh bf ˆhQ zisvv zdHHfhj hf …jDt rsq dhhfr dlskW ifvsh bf ˆhQ iqofmW dlsh bf. zhwA ˆƒ zShL jfu jsv sItst sjfb dIlXqAfr sbƒ, dj§ Â dhhfr wcÝ rsh bf. (mcndtm 1409bQ) 8. zoxrifdtk ²¿tyv ið pshr hf dwjfv jvf. zfïfr ifj hstb ªsr mcdmboB! ƒrvfsm Kfjf jfst skfmvf dwjfv u§ Â hL jsvf bf. skfmfslv msLA sj… ƒ¤YfjxkHfsh kf hL jvst, pf hL jvt kfv dhdbmq rs¤Y zbcv™i oxrifdtk u§ Â, pfv mDmfQnf jvsh skfmfslv msLA lc'ub bAfqhfb stfj jf'hfsk siadvkhA

(1) jcvhfbDv dlb ifKv smsv sjw mcàb zKhf jkGb jvfv iv iaKm rftft rq; pfsk ²ÃD YfVf zbAfbA zShL jfu ShL rsq pfq.


jcvhfbDv™si. (pfv mfQn rfvfsmv IjDvslv mfsU h¦eb jvf rsh.) zKhf Wv dhdbmq rsh ldvlasj (Wv nmidvmfB) zâlfb, djQhf nmidvmfB svfpf iftb jvf, (iadk dmnjDsbv idvhskG ˆjde svfpf). pfsk sn zfib jxkjsmGv It sHfo jsv. pf ok rsqsY zfïfr kf [mf jsvsYb, zfv sj… kf icbvfq jvst zfïfr kfv iadkswfL oarB jvshb. zfv zfïfr ivfÛÁmwftD, iadkswfL oarBjfvD.« (jc} 5/96 zfqfk) zbcv™iHfsh dwjfv jfspG nfrfpA jvf ˆhQ rfvfsmv sjfb dwjfvsj kfv ²¿fb rsk kfdVk W ydjk jvf ShL bq. rfvfsmv ofY W Ofn jfef, iayfv W dIvskv …sÜwA YfVf sjfb idvkAÙÁ mft jcVfsbf zShL.

iajfw Kfsj sp, dmbf W mcplfdtIf rfvfsmv z§ÀHGcÙÁ. zfvfIfk rfvfsmv msLA bq. ƒrvfsm zdhsLq jmGnmCsrv däkDq iajfv pf sjhtmfÛ icv¢Nslv ubA dbdlGó, kf lcƒ vjm }- 1. m²Àj nQtso sjfb zfhvB (spmb; eciD, ifoVD ƒkAfdl dwv² ÃfB) hAhrfv jvf. dj§ Â pf m²Àsjv nQto bq hf mfKfv nsÌ stso Kfsj bf ˆmb sjfb zfhvB hf zf¤Yflb (spmb, Yfdlk ofdV, k]fhc, iïdhk hx[, Yfkf ƒkAfdl) hAhrfsv sjfb slfN sbƒ. klbcv™i, mfKfq sjfb shfUf skftf hf hrb jvf (pdl mfKf Tfjfv dbqsk bf rq ksh) lCNBDq bq. (mcndtm 1298bQ)




2. sjfb iajfsvv sntfƒjxk h²Ã idvLfb jvf spmb; ufmf, ifqufmf, tcdÌ, sodÓ, smfuf ƒkAfdl. zhwA zfQde, ywmf, OdV, sh¬e, zKGfdl vfJfv hAfo ƒkAfdl (sntfƒjxk rstW) hAhrfv jvsk ifvf pfq. zdhsLq jmGnmCsrv kxkDq iajfv pf mdrtfslv ubA dbdlGó. zfv kf rs¤Y sjfb iajfsv syrfvf zfhxk jvf. dj§ Â sjfb shofbf icv¢N nfmsb ˆst syrfvf zfhxk jvf Wqfsuh. pf zbAfbA nfLfvB ltDtfdl nfhA²À jsv. ˆƒ zdhsLq jmGÈdtv sjfb ˆjefq udVsq iVst kfv jfI XIfvfW iCshGjfv mk. i[f§Àsv pfvf ˆƒ nm²À zdhsLq jsmG zfdtå rq kfslv dkb zh²¿f rsk ifsv; 1. sj… dhbf Wuv W dhbf iasqfusb jsv. ˆƒ zh²¿fq sn sofbfrofv rsh ˆhQ kfv …iv dIlXqAf Wqfsuh; spmb iCshG htf rsqsY. 2. sj… sjfb iasqfub W zncdhLfq isV jsv. ˆmkfh²¿fq sn sofbfrofv rsh bf ksh kfv ubA dIlXqAf slWqf uv¢vD rsh. spmb sj… pdl mfKfq Of zKhf uJsmv jfvsB yct jfse zKhf iayà wDskv ubA mfKf Tfsj ƒkAfdl. (mumC IfkfWqf, ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 26/113) 3. sj… zufs§À Hcst, jfsvf kvI sKsj hfLA rsq zKhf dblafh²¿fq jsv sIst. ˆmkfh² ¿fq kfv …iv sofbfr sbƒ ˆhQ


dIlXqAfW sbƒ. dj§ Â pJbƒ ˆƒ nm²À Wuv W zfidÙ lCv rsq pfsh kJbƒ ‰ zShL jfu idvkAfo jvf uv¢vD rsh. zfïfr ifj hstb,

)ربنا ال تؤاخذنا إن نسينا أو أخطأنا( zKGf{, sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! pdl zfmvf dh±mxk rƒ zKhf Hct jdv ksh kcdm zfmfslvsj zivfLD jsvf bf. (jc} 2/286) zfv k]fv vnCt hstb, ªdbÇyq zfïfr zfmfv …©mskv Hct, dh±mxk ˆhQ pfv …iv kfsj dbv¢ifq jvf rq kfv (ifi)sj zdkÛÁm ([mf) jsvb.« (ƒhsb mfufr 2045bQ) zkˆh sp ƒrvfm zh²¿fq Hcst ifqufmf hf sodÓ isv sbq, djQhf mfKf sTsj sbq zKhf zufs§À bJ ƒkAfdl sjse sIst ksh kfv sjfb ifi sbƒ ˆhQ dIlXqAfW sbƒ. dj§ Â n¹vB rWqf mfÛ kfv is[ Wqfsuh kf huGb jvf. mcrdvm of-mfKf Lcsk ifsv, yctjfsk ifsv. pdl kfsk lc' ˆjef yct JsnW isV ksh kf lCNBDq bq. klbcv™i ƒrvfm h]fLfv iCshG slsr hAhr™k ncodáv zhdwó djYc pdl ƒrvfm zh²¿fq rfsk stso pfq ksh kfW slfsNv bq. spmb kfv ubA ƒrvfsmv jfiV idv°jfv W idvhkGb jvfW ShL. (Ikùt hfvD 3/405) zhwA ncoámq nfhfb, skt W dÛÁm hAhrfv bf jvfƒ …dyk. iajfw sp, rsÏ sp Hcst hf Wqfsuh kAfso dIlXqAf uv¢vD snƒ jfu jsqjde jsv sItst swsN ˆjde dIlqAfƒ psKó rsh.




(mfufïfkct hcrCnct ƒntfdmqAfr 23/94)

………mmmvvvfffrrr WWW rrrsssÏÏÏvvv iiiÝÝÝdddkkk

mcrdvm pJb mÄfv dbje si]ZYsh kJb iashswv iCshG kfv ubA sofnt jvf mc²Àfrfh. mÄfq iashw jsv zbA sjfb jfsu hA²À bf rsq snfuf jf'hf wvDsIv iadk vWbf slWqf …dyk. Wpc jsv rfvfsmv mndusl (zbcv™i iadk mnduslƒ) iashswv nmq Ffb if zfso hfVfsbf hQ dhndmïfr, znX-n¶ftfkc znX-nftfmc zftf vfnCdtïfr, zf…pc dhïfdrt zfpDm, zdh zudrdrt jfvDm z nctk¶fdbdrt j¶flDm, dmbfw wfƒk¶fdbv vfuDm.' zKhf `zfïfù©mfIX kfrtD zfhWqfhf vfrmfdkj' htf ncâk. iajfw Kfsj sp, mndulct rfvfm iashswv nmq ˆ nfLfvB lczf YfVf dHâ sjfb dbdlGó lczf sbƒ . zk}iv jf'hf busv iVst lcƒ rfk kctsk ifsv, ksh jf'hf lwGsbv nmq sjfb iEbDq lczf wcÝ rflDsn hdBGk rqdb. zhwA ˆƒ nmq rpvk …mv -ˆv lczf `zfïfù©mf zf§Àfn nftfm, zdmbXjfn nftfm, IfrfƒdqAbf vfêfbf dhnnftfm' iVf …Ùm. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 20ix})


1. zk}iv jfhf wvDsIv dbje si]ZYbv iv kftdhqfr há jvsh (pdl …mvf zKhf kfmfÙc rÏ jsv ksh) ˆhQ kfdrqAfkct mnduslv bfmfp bf isV kWqfI ðv¢ jvsh. ksh pdl Ivp bfmfspv nmq pfhfv Hq Kfsj zKhf ufmfzfk Ycefv Hq Kfsj kfrst ‰ bfmfp isV kWqfI jvsh. nhGfsoa rfufsv zfnWqfslv dbje pfsh ˆhQ kf ycìb jvsh. n©Hh rst kfv …iv (zfïfrsj) dnulf jvsh. pdl kf n©Hh bf rq ksh Ffb rfk tfdE äfvf ±iwG jsv rfsk ycmf slsh. pdl tfdE bf Kfsj zKhf dH]sVv yfsi kf n©Hh bf rq, kfrst Ffb rfk äfvf ifKsvv iadk ƒwfvf jvsh. ksh ƒwfvf jsv rfk ycmsh bf ˆhQ bfmfsp kjhDsv kfrvDmfv nmq rfk skftfv mk lcƒ rfk kctsh bf. ˆƒ nmq htsh, `dhndmïfdr zïfù zfjhfv.' ˆ nh djYc ifKsvv kf'pDsmv …sÜswA bq; hvQ …sÜwA sjht mrfmdrmfdb¶k zfïfrv ns§ÀfNdhLfb ˆhQ ˆ jfsu diaq vnCt -ˆv nvt zbcnvB. pfv Ist rfuDv ifi[q rq. rfufsv zfnWqfl ycìb slWqf rÏ hf kWqfsIv sjfb zÌ bq. kfƒ ycìb sjfb uv¢vD jfuW bq. hjGskv tfsH ±iwGW dhlzfk ˆhQ zfïfrv Ffb rfk msb jvfW ndEj bq. jfvB, ˆ dhNsqv rflDnde mboVf zKhf lchGt. (pqDIct ufsm' 2771, 2772bQ) nckvfQ kfv ubA HDV umfsbf zKhf sEtfsEdt W LfÄfLfdÄ jvf smfseƒ ShL bq.




zk}iv jf'hf wvDIsj hfm dlsj jsv kWqfI ðv¢ jvsh. dhdHâ lczf, dpj Xv hf sktfzk äfvf kWqfsI dhbq, ˆjfoakf, ðÝdyÙkf W (jf'hfv bq hvQ) zfïfrv kf'pDsmv nfsK msbfdbshw jvsh. zdLj ˆdlj Wdlj kfjfkfdj jvsh bf W jKfhfkGf htsh bf -pdlW kf ShL. kWqfsIv ubA dbdlGó sjfb lczf sbƒ. zfhfv iadk yÄsvv ubA ˆj ˆj lczf dbdlGó jvfvW sjfb dHdÙ sbƒ. spmb, sp lczf iVsh kf dbÇycsi iVsh ˆhQ …¤yvsh isV ziv kWqfIjfvDslv dF±efhG jvsh bf. pJb (rfufsv zfnWqfslv zfsov sjfB) v¢j Xsb ƒqfmfbDv hvfhv si]ZYsh kJb n©Hh rst Ffb rfk äfvf kf ±iwG jvsh ˆhQ htsh, `dhndmïfdr zïfr zfjhfv.' (rfkdesk ycìb slsh bf zfv ±iswGv nmq zbA lczfW htsh bf, jfvB ˆ s[sÛ lczfv rflDnde pqDI. (pqDIct ufsm' 6127bQ) pdl ±iwG n©Hh bf rq ksh ƒwfvf jvsh bf ˆhQ kjhDvW htsh bf. hvQ nfLfvBHfsh zdkÛÁm jsv pfsh. zk}iv ˆƒ v¢jXsb ƒqfmfbD W rfufsv zfnWqfslv mLAhkDG ²¿fsb mcbfufskv ˆƒ lczf htsh,

)ربنا آتنا في الدنيا حسنة وفي اآلخرة حسنة وقنا عذاب النار( `vfêfbf zf-dkbf dIÜcbXqAf rfnfbfkf]… zdIt zf-dJvfdk rfnfbfr, zdj¶bf zfpf-hfâf-v.' zKGf{, sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! zfmfslvsj ifdKGh uDhsb jtAfB


lfW ˆhQ ifvstZdjj uDhsbW jtAfB lfW. zfv zfmfslvsj slfpsJv zfpfh sKsj v[f jv. zk}iv rfufsv zfnWqfslv hvfhv (nhcu hfdk) ˆst ˆj yÄv swN rsh ˆhQ snƒ nfsK ðv¢ rsh däkDq yÄv. ˆJfsb ˆsn ˆjhfv `zfïfù zfjhfv' htsh ˆhQ rfufsv zfnWqfl ycìb jvsk bf ifvst ±iwG jvsh. kf n©Hh bf rst sjht Ffb rfk äfvf ƒwfvf jsvƒ (ˆhQ rfk ycìb bf jsvƒ) zdkÛÁm jvsh. spmb snJfsb (hfdk hf lfsov dbje) sKsm dH]V hfVfsbfW …dyk bq. sJqft jvsh spb rfkDsmv (2) hfƒsv sKsj kWqfI rq. zfv ˆƒHfsh nfk yÄv swN jvsh. swN yÄsv rfufsv zfnWqfslv jfsY ˆsn zfv kjhDv dlsq ƒwfvf jvsh bf. mÄf zfomsbv iv nhGiaKm ˆƒ kWqfIdev bfm kWqfsI jclCm. ˆƒ kWqfsI lcde jfu ncâk. 1. ƒp¶dk¶hf, zKGf{ yflsvv mfUJfbefsj Ffb hostv bDsy vfJsh ˆhQ djbfvfefsj hfm j]fsLv …iv yfdisq slsh. ˆsk Ffb j]fLde hDvslv mk sJftf Kfjsh. pfsk ƒhflk²¿st hthÙf W jmGBAkf iajfw ifq. zkˆh kWqfsI jclCm ðv¢ jvfv iChG rsk swN rWqf ipG§À nmqecjcsk ƒp¶dk¶hf ncâk. ƒrvfm h]fLfv iv sKsj dbsq rsÏv

(2) rfkDm jf'hfoxsrv …Ùv-idÇym sjfsB kAÙÁ zQw; pf softfjfv slWqft äfvf dOvf zfsY. ˆsj druXvW htf rq.




nhGswN ƒrvfm sJftf ipG§À nmq Lsv (ˆmb dj bfmfspv msLAW!) Ffb j]fLdesj sJftf vfJfv sjfb dHdÙ wvDqsk sbƒ; spmb hù rfuD kf jsv Kfsj. hvQ ‰Hfsh bfmfp ðÝ rq bf. 2. vmt. zKGf{ sYfe ils[siv nfsK wDOa (jcyjfWqfuD) ytf. jf'hf wvDsIv dbjehkDG rsq kWqfI zfIpt. dj§ Â lCvhkDG rsq vmt jvf, dbjehkDG rsq kWqfI jvsk dosq dH]sV kf kAfo jvf sKsj …Ùm. sjhtmfÛ kWqfsI jclCm (hf kWqfsI Wmvfr) ˆv iaKm dkb yÄsv vmt jvf ncâk. zbA sjfb kWqfI hf yÄsv bq. pdl iaKm dkb yÄsv sjfb zncdhLfv jfvsB vmt Ycse pfq ˆhQ ykcKG hf kfv ivhkDG yÄsv vmt jvfv ncspfo rq, ksh kf jfpf jvsh bf. pfsk ‰ yÄvÈdtv dbdlGó ÈB dhbó bf rsq pfq. i[f§Àsv iaKm dkb yÄsvv msLA ˆj zKhf lcƒ yÄsv vmstv ncspfo rst kfW jsv sbsh. kWqfI jvfjfst pdl Ivp bfmfspv ƒjfmk rsq pfq ksh kWqfI sYsV ufmfzfsk W bfmfsp wfdmt rsq pfsh ˆhQ bfmfp isV dEj spJfsb sYsV dYt dEj snJfb sKsjƒ hfjD yÄv icsvf jvsh. (zfpWqf…t hfqfb 5/228) yÄv oBbfq ns¦lr rst dbdÇyskv …iv dHdÙ jvsh. zfv dbdÇyk rsh jmdkv …iv. nckvfQ pdl ns¦lr rq sp, Yq yÄv rt zKhf nfk; ksh Yq Lsv sbsh. klbcv™i nfqDv yÄsvW


jvsh. kWqfI swN rst yflv dnLf jsv sbsh. zKGf{ lcƒ j]fLƒ sTsj sbsh. ˆviv zfv sjfb nmsq j]fL shv jvsk rsh bf. zk}iv mfjfsm ƒhafrDm (3) ˆv dbje siZ]sY iVsh,

)واتخذوا من مقام إبراهيم مصلى( `zÙfdJpC dmm mfj¶f-dm ƒhvf-rDmf mcnfïf.'

kfviv ˆv iÇyfsk lcƒ vfjzfk `kfdrqAfkck k¶fWqfI' (kWqfsIv bfmfp) zflfq jvsh. dH]sVv jfvsB `mfj¶fm' sKsj jfsY zKhf iÇyfsk n©Hh bf rst mnduslv sp sjfb ²¿fsb isV sbsh. ˆƒ bfmfspv iaKm vfjzfsk nCvf Ifdkrfv iv `j¶ct ƒqAf zfƒqcArft jf-dIv™b' W däkDq vfjzfsk `j¶ct ùWqfïfù zfrfl' ifE jvf ncâk. dEj kWqfI swN rWqfv isvƒ pdl sjfb Ivp zKhf ncâk bfmfp iVfv Kfsj W isV kfrst kWqfsIv lcƒ vfjzfk zfv iVsk rsh bf. (mcIDlct zfbfm 1/307) kWqfI jsv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp iVst ˆjde ÛÁDklfn öfLDb jvfv nmfb nWqfh tfH rq. (ƒhsb mfufr, dntdntfr nrDrfr 2725bQ) iajfw sp, ˆƒ bfmfp tìf jsv iVf ˆhQ bfmfspv swsN rfk

(3) jf'hf wvDsIv iChG-…Ùv ifswG¶ d²¿k oìcufjfv j]fy-dbdmGk ˆjde sYfe Ov, pfv msLA ifKsvv …iv rpvk ƒhafrDm ˆv ildyrÁ vd[k zfsY.




kcst mcbfufk dhsLq bq. (zftmc'kfdmv ztrfÏ---, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 40ix}) ˆ YfVf mfjfsm ƒhafrDm ±iwG jvf, Yc]sq hjGk sbWqf hf ofsq-mfKfq rfk hctfsbf ƒkAfdl ShL bq. zbcv™iHfsh jf'hf wvDsIv sotfI hf zbAfbA slWqftfdl ±iwG jsv kfhfvG¢j oarB, mlDbf wvDsI bhhD ùuvf, dmìv hf dmrvfh ±iwG W ycìb jsv kfhfvG¢j oarB, mÄf W mlDbf wvDsIv mfde äfvf kfhfvG¢j oarB, jf'hf W mlDbfv mnduslv `mDpfh' (Yfl sKsj ifdb iVfv bt) rsk odVsq iVf hxdóv ifdb ofsq dbsq kfhfvG¢j oarB, mDpfshv dbsy sjfb dbdlGó lczf ifE ƒkAfdlW zShL. (mfumC IfkfWqf 26/121) i[f§Àsv sj… yfƒst rfufsv zfnWqfl W jf'hfv lvufv mLAhkDG slWqfst (mctkfpfsm) hcj, syrfvf, rfk W hfù svsJ zfïfrv dbje lczf jvsk ifsv, lcdbqf W zfsJvfskv jtAfB dH[f jvsk ifsv. kWqfsI dhlf' hf kfv zfso isv sp sjfb nmsq jvsk ifsv. lvufv n©mcsJ lf]dVsqW lczf jvf pfq. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 386ix}, zfthfbD 23ix}) ˆ YfVf zbA sjfKfW (spmb mDpfshv dbsy, pmpsmv dbje ƒkAfdl ²¿fsb) lczf jhct rWqfv jKf mrfbhD sKsj hdBGk nrDr ltDt nfsi[. ifsq yst kWqfI jvfƒ zfnt. ksh pdl hfLGjA hf znc²¿kfudbk sjfb jfvsB ytsk n[m bf rq kfrst sjfb


hfrsbv nfrfspA kWqfI jvst dnÝ rsq pfsh. mcndtm bfvDv …dyk, ˆƒ kWqfI hf hfjD nhG[sB ilGf, ním W bfvDsk¶v sJqft vfJf. nckvfQ sn kfv snZ¦lspGv nhGfÌ pKfpKHfsh zfhxk jsv icv¢Nslv nfmsb zfnsh. sjfb dyÙfjNGD, msbfrfvD W wèhAÓj sifwfj, ztËfv ˆhQ sjfb iajfv ncodá ƒkAfdl hAhrfv jvsh bf. msbfvm idv¤Yl W zfHvBfdl shfvjfv dHksv ocå vfJsh. pKfn©Hh icv¢Nslv dH]V sKsj lCsv Kfjfv syóf jvsh. rfufsv zfnWqfl ycìsbv ubA zKhf v¢j Xsb ƒqfmfbD ±iwG jvfv ubA icv¢Nslv nfsK ifïf slWqf kfv …dyk bq. hvQ zodBk icv¢sNv nfmsb syrfvf Jcst ˆhQ kfslv nfsK L²ÀfLd²À jsv ycìb slWqfƒ zShL. spsrkc jtAfB zfbqsbv sysq zjtAfB zinfvB jvfƒ zoaoBA. ƒmfm bWhD (v}) hstb, `zfmfslv zfnrfhoB hstb, vfdÛ ƒkAfdlsk kWqfsIv ²¿fb Jfdt bf rst mdrtfslv ubA rfufsv zfnWqfl ycìb hf ±iwG jvf mc²Àfrfh bq. jfvB, (dH]sVv msLA kf jvsk sost) kfslv dbsuv [dk rq ˆhQ kfslv jfvsBƒ [dk rq icv¢NslvW.' (Ifkùt hfvD 3/479, wfvùt mcrfpXpfh 8/34)

nnnfff'''„„„ zk}iv kWqfI W bfmfp swsN pmpsmv ifdb ifb jvsh W mfKfq sbsh. zk}iv n©Hh rst kjhDv isV rfufsv




zfnWqfl Ffb rfk äfvf ±iwG hf ƒwfvf jsv nfIf ihGskv dlsj zoanv rsh. ihGskv dbje si]ZsY ifE jvsh,

(jc} 2/158) )لمروة من شعائر اهللاإن الصفا وا( zk}iv zfhlf… dhmf hflfzfïfù dhr' hst nfIfv …iv ysV sjhtfmcJ rsh ˆhQ jf'hf slJfv syóf jvsh. zfïfrv kWrDl hBGbf jvsh W kjhDv iVsh ˆhQ ˆƒ lczf htsh,

ال إله لكالم له ،له كريال ش هدحإال اهللا و ر، ال إلهاهللا أكبإال اهللا و رء قدييلى كل شع وهو تميييي وحي دمالح لهو.

هدحإال اهللا و ال إله)له كريال ش (دبع رصنو ،هدعو زجأن مزهو ،ه .األحزاب وحده

…¤yfvB}- tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zïf-ù zfjhfv, tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfr, tfùt mctjc ztfùt rfmlc qcArXqAD zqcAmDkc zùWqf zftf jcdï wfƒƒb j¶flDv. tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù (tf wfvDjf tfr), zfbufpf Wqf'lfr, zbfnfvf zfhlfr, zrfpfmft zfrpfhf zrlfr. zKG}- zfïfr YfVf sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. dkdb nhGmrfb. zfïfr YfVf sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. dkdb ˆjj, k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ. k]fvƒ nfvf vfuk¶ ˆhQ k]fvƒ njt iawQnf. dkdb uDhb W mxkcA lfb jsvb. zfv dkdb nhG h² Âv …iv nhGwdÙÁmfb. zfïfr YfVf sj… nkA …ifnA sbƒ. dkdb ˆjj, (k]fv sjfb wvDj sbƒ.) dkdb öDq zÌDjfv iCvB jsvsYb. k]fv hf¦lfsj nfrfpA


jsvsYb ˆhQ dkdb ˆjjHfsh wÛ¢ltsj ivfduk jsvsYb. ˆƒ nfsK pKfn©Hh rfk kcst lczf (mcbfufk) jvsh. (dj§ Â lczf swsN rfk mcsJ dIvfsh bf. spsrkc rfk kcst lczfv swsN mcJ mfnfr jvfv iamfsB sjfb nrDr hf rfnfb rflDn sbƒ. spmb kfjhDsv kfrvDmfv nmq rfk skftfv mk rfk kcst jf'hfv iadk ƒdÌk jvf Hct.) ˆƒv™i kjhDv W lczf 3hfv ifE jvsh. zk}iv snJfb sKsj sbsm mfvWqf ihGskv iadk ytsk ðv¢ jvsh. pJb nhcu iakDsjv (tfƒsev) dbje si]ZYsh kJb ivhkDG iakDj ipG§À pKfn©Hh slZV slsh hf nshso ytsh. dj§ Â mdrtfvf nfLfvBHfsh ystƒ kf zdkÛÁm jvsh. zfswifsw sjfb shofbf icv¢N bf Kfjst slZV slsh. zk}iv nfLfvB odksk yst mfvWqfv dbje si]ZsY nf'„v iaKm yÛÁ swN jvsh. ihGskv …iv ysV sjhtfmcJ rsh ˆhQ nfIfq spHfsh lczf zfdl isVdYt kfƒ ˆJfsbW iVsh. (sjht zfqfkde iVsh bf.) zk}iv snJfb rsk sbsm nfIfv iadk pfÛf jvsh. iCshG ysÛÁv mk ˆ ysÛÁW nfLfvB ytfv ²¿fsb ytsh ˆhQ slZsVv ²¿fsb slZVsh. ˆƒHfsh nfIfv dbje si]ZsY däkDq yÛÁ nmfå jvsh. nfIfq ysV zfv ‰ zfqfk iVsh bf. dj§ Â ‰ lczf W mcbfufk iCshGv mkƒ jvsh. nf'„v mfsU nfLAmk dpj Xv W sktfzk jvsh. iajfw sp, nf'„v ubW dbdlGó sjfb lczf sbƒ. ksh ˆsk




.رب اغفر وارحم، إنك أنت األعز األكرم `vfdêodIv zvrfm ƒâfjf zf§Àft zfzfpXpct zfjvfm' lczfde htf pfq. ˆde ƒhsb mfn†l W ƒhsb …mfv ifE jvskb. (ƒhsb zfhD wfƒhfr) zbcv™i 7 hfv pfkfqfk jsv mfvWqfv dbje si]ZsY nf'„v nfk yÛÁ swN jvsh. kWqfsI rfufsv zfnWqfl sKsj ðv¢ jsv rfufsv zfnWqfl ipG§Àƒ ˆj yÄv rq. dj§ Â nf'„sk snv™i bq. ˆsk nfIf sKsj ðv¢ jsv mfvWqf ipG§À ˆj yÛÁ ˆhQ icbvfq mfvWqf sKsj nfIf ipG§À zfv ˆj yÛÁ rq. zfv ˆƒHfsh 7 hfv pfWqf W zfnfv mfLAsm nf'„ iCBG rq. ufbfv dhNq sp, nf'„v ubA idhÛkf W Wpc mc²Àfrfh, (Wqfsuh bq). nckvfQ kWqfsIv iv nf'„v iCshG hf mfsU (mdrtfslv) zidhÛkf slJf dlst zKhf Wpc bó rsq sostW nf'„ icsvf jsv sbWqf ufsqp rsh. nf'„ nmfdåv iv mfKf sbVf hf yct Jfsef jvsh. ksh sbVf jvfƒ zfIpt. dj§ Â kfmfÙc rÏ jvst yct sYfe jsv sbWqf Hfstf. pfsk jcvhfbDv dlb sbVf jvsk ifsv. zhwA rsÏv ubA psKó nmq Kfjst yct shv rsq pfsh msb rst sbVf jsv sbsh. iv§ Â mfKfq sjfb yct bf Kfjst kf Wqfsuh bq. mfKfq [cv hctfsbfW dhsLq bq. mdrtfvf ycstv Fof rsk sjht ˆjde zfÌcstv Fof hvfhv mk yct sjse sItsh. sJqft vfJsh, pfsk


shofbf icv¢N kf bf slsJ. mfKf sbVf hf yct jfefv nmq mfKfv djYc zQw sKsj yct sbWqf psKó bq. sbVf jvst icsvf mfKf jvsh, Yf]estW icsvfef Y]fesh. djYc zQw sy]sY djYc zQw sYsV vfJf ShL bq. y]fysk hf Yf]esk dbsuv (rfuDv) Ffb sKsj ðv¢ jvsh. ˆƒ ipG§À jvst …mvfr swN rsq pfq ˆhQ mcrdvm rftft rsq pfq W nh djYc (sthfn, ncodá, ² ÃDnÌm ƒkAfdl) kfv ubA ShL rsq pfq. dj§ Â pdl sj… nsÌ rflXƒ (jcvhfbD) ˆsb dj¶vfb rÏ jvsk yfq kfrst sn rftft bf rsq ƒrvfsmƒ Kfjsh. ksh sp hAdÙÁ nsÌ rflXƒ bf ˆsb dj¶vfb jvsk yfq hf ƒIvfl rÏ jvsk yfq kfv ubA …mvfr jsv rftft rsq dosq kfmfÙc rÏ jvfƒ ncâk. nckvfQ pdl sn …mvfr jsv rftft rsq pfq ksh kfmfÙc rsÏv mk nh djYc jvsh. zfv ƒrvfsmƒ sKsj sost kfWqfsI ƒIfpfv iv zfv däkDq nf'„v iasqfub rsh bf. …mvfv ƒrvfm h]fLfv iv pdl sjfb ²ÃDstfsjv ‡kc (rfsqp hf sbIfn) ðv¢ rsq pfq, ksh mÄf wvDsI iashswv iv idhÛf bf rWqf ipG§À kWqfI W nf'„ jvsh bf. idhÛf rst …mvfr n©iâ jvsh. dj§ Â sjfb mdrtf pdl zfvfIfv zfsov dlb ipG§À idhÛf bf rq kfrst zbAfbA rfuDslv mk snW ƒrvfm sh]sL dmbf pfÛf jvsh ˆhQ …mvfr bf jvsk sisv sn ˆj iajfv




dj¶vfb rÏ jvsh. rfuDvf spv™i jsv dEj klbcv™i zfvfIfq zh²¿fb mcplfdtIfq W dmbfq vfdÛhfn, ifKv mfvf W jcvhfbD jvf, ycstv Fof jfef ƒkAfdl jmG jvsh. ˆviv pJb idhÛf rsh kJb ˆjhfv kWqfI W ˆjhfv nfqD jvsh ˆhQ kf kfv …mvfr W rsÏv ubA psKó rsh. iajfw sp, mdrtf ‡kc há jvfv ubA ŠNL hAhrfv jsv rÏ nmfLf jvsk ifsv.

rrrsssÏÏÏvvv jjjvvvBBBDDDqqq

8ƒ pctrÏ zfeƒ pctrÏ kfvdhqfv dlb (pfslv ƒrvfm sbƒ kfvf) dbu dbu hfnfskƒ (ˆhQ dmbfq Kfjst dmbfskƒ) bkcbv™si sofnt jsv slsr sJfwhc tfdosq W ƒrvfsmv sthfn isv rsÏ iashw rWqfv dbqk jvsh ˆhQ htsh, `zfïfù©mf tfêfƒjf rfÏf. tfêfƒjfïf©mf tfêfƒj----.' bfsqhvf iCshGv mkƒ htsh, `tfêfƒjf rfÏfb zfb (Ictfb)' ˆhQ pfv bfsm rÏ jvsY `Ictfb'-ˆv ²¿st kfv bfm sbsh. kftdhqf Jch shwD shwD jsv ifE jvsh ˆhQ ˆƒ kftdhqf ytsh 10 kfvDsJ ufmvfr zfj¶fhfsk ifKv mfvf ipG§À. zk}iv mÄf wvDI sKsj dmbfv iadk pfÛf jvsh. snJfsb


spfrv, zfnv, mfodvh ˆwf ˆhQ Iusvv bfmfp (mfodvh W Iuv YfVf) jnv jsv ö-ö nmsq zflfq jvsh.

9ƒ pctrÏ 9ƒ pctrsÏv pJb nCspGflq rsh kJb rfuD kjhDv W kftdhqfv nfsK zfvfIfv iadk pfÛf jvsh. n©Hh rst `bfsmvf'sk (zfvfIfv iCshG ˆjde ²¿fsbv bfm spJfsb mndusl bfsmvfr zhd²¿k snJfsb) zh²¿fb jvsh. zk}iv nCpG Tst sost `hfk¶sb …vfbf'q iashw jvsh. zk}iv ˆj zfpfb W lcƒ ˆjfmsk spfrv W zfnsvv bfmfp umf W jnv jsv zflfq jvsh. ˆJfsb ƒmfm Jc{hf slshb. zk}iv rfuD zfvfIfsk iashw jsv zjcI (zh²¿fb) jvsh. zkAfdLj dH]sVv jfvsB `bfsmvfr' hf `…vfbf'q zh²¿fb n©Hh bf rst nvfndv zfvfIfq dosq zh²¿fb lCNBDq bq. zfvfIfv mqlfsb iashw jvfv iv dhdHâ Itj-nsËk t[A jsv kfv nDmfv dHksv zfsY djbf kf susb ncdbdÇyk rsh. jfvB ndEjHfsh zfvfIfq zh² ¿fb hAkDk rÏƒ rsh bf. zfvfIfskv mqlfsb sp sjfb ²¿fsb zh²¿fb jvf pfsh. `hfk¶sb …vfbfr' zfvfIfskv msLA bq. mndusl bfsmvfv sjhtfv dlsj iafq zsLGjfQw zfvfIfv msLA oBA bq. zkˆh pfvf mndusl zh²¿fb jvsh kfslvsj sjhtfv dlj sYsV iÇyf{ dlsj zh²¿fb jvf …dyk. zhwA yfdvifsw zfvfIfskv nDmf dbslGwj Itj




²¿fdik zfsY kf slsJ zfvfIfk dydrÁk jvf dwd[kslv is[ Jchƒ nru. n©Hh rst ufhfst zfvfIfr (stfjmcsJ iaydtk } ufhfst vfrmfr; zfvfIfskv ˆj ihGk)sj n©mcsJ svsJ sjhtfmcJ rsq zh²¿fb jvsh ˆhQ n©Hh bf rst sjht sjhtfmcJD rsq zfvfIfv nDmfv dHksv sp sjfb ²¿fsb zh²¿fb jvsh. ufhfst zfvfIfsk yVf hf kfv …iv zh²¿fb jvf sjfb dhsLq jmG bq. ‰ ihGsk yVst sjfb ixKj mpGflf hf mfrfk¹AW sbƒ. (zfpWqf…t hfqfb 5/263) ˆƒ ²¿fsb rfuDv …dyk sp, ˆjfoadysÙ W oHDv HdÙÁ W ˆjdbô Hfhfshsov nfsK sktfzk, dpjXv, lczf W ƒs²ÀoIfv jvsh. mrfb zfïfrv nmDsi zbcbq- dhbq jvsh. dbsuv wdÙÁrDbkf W mcJfsid[kf kf]v dbje iajfw jvsh. `djYc iasqfub sbƒ' hst ŠÝkA iajfw jvsh bf ˆhQ dbkf§À zfoasrv nfsK k]fv dbje [mf, mcdÙÁ W nfrfpA dH[f jvsh. bhD -ˆv …iv lv™l ifE jvsh. ˆƒ mrfb dlsbv nhGswaô lczf rs¤Y,

دمالح لهو لكالم له ،له كريال ش هدحإال اهللا و ال إله رء قدييلى كل شع وهو

`tf ƒtf-rf ƒïfïf-ù zrlfù tf wfvDjf tfr, tfùt mctjc ztfùt rfmlc zùWqf zftf jcdï wfƒƒb j¶flDv.' ˆƒ lczf shwD shwD jsv ifE jvsh. ˆ YfVf nrDr rflDsn


hdBGk zbAfbA dpj Xv, lczf W zpDIfr ˆhQ kftdhqfr ifE jvsh. kftdhqfv nfsK `ƒâfmft Jfƒv¢ Jfƒv¢t zf-dJvfr' zdkdvÙÁ jvfW ShL. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 30ix}) ˆmb mfrfk¹AiCBG dlsb ˆmb nchBG ncspfo srtfq rfvfsbf zhwAƒ …dyk bq, lcƒ rfk kcst njfksv ƒrstZdjj W ifvstZdjj mÌt W ncJ k]fv dbje iafKGbf jsv sbsh. sjfb vjsmv nd¦lÊ W däLfoa²À msb bq; hvQ zfïfr kfv iafKGbf mÓcv jvshbƒ- ˆƒ mb W dhÇhfn svsJ dmbdk nrjfsv zfjct zfshlb siw jvsh ivm lqftcv lvhfsv. (sp dhNsq iafKGbf jvsh sn dhNsq bhhD lczf zufbf Kfjst dbsuv HfNfskƒ iafKGbf jvsh. ksh bhhD lczfƒ rt zfI Xpt.) kf]v znDm jv¢Bf W dhvfe [mfv zfwf jvsh. k]fv HqËv zfpfh W ophsj Hq jvsh. dbu zfk¹fv drnfh sbsh ˆhQ ðÝdysÙ k]fv dbje zbcswfybfv nfsK njt ifi jfu sKsj kWhf jvsh. iajfw sp, ˆƒ dlsb ˆƒ ²¿fsb rfuDslv ubA (zfvfIfv) svfpf vfJf dhsLq bq. ˆ ˆj mrfdlb, mrf ns©mtb. ˆ dlsb mrfb zfïfr hf¦lfsj hù djYc lfb jsv Kfsjb. ˆ dlsbv ub-nmfshw dbsq dkdb dIdvñfslv dbje ohG jsvb. ufrfâfm rsk hù mfbcNsj mcdÙÁlfb jsvb. ˆƒ dlsb wqkfb nhGfdLj tfdÒk, zil²¿, rDbkfoa²À W kc¤Y rq; spmb rsqdYt hlv pcsÝv dlb.




ˆƒ mqlfsb rfuD nCpGf²À ipG§À zsi[f jvsh. (ˆv iCshG zfvfIfskv nDmfbf rsk shv rWqf ShL bq.) nCpG z²À sost LDv W wf§ÀHfsh mcplfdtIfv iadk vWbf rsh. ytfv isK sjfb mfbcNsj jó slsh bf, dH]sV LfÄfLfdÄW jvsh bf. hfsu jKf, jfu W kjG sKsj lCsv Kfjsh. vf²Àf Jfdt sist wDOa ytsh. shwD shwD kftdhqfr ifE jvsh. mcplfdtIfq si]ZYbv iv mfodvh W ˆwfv bfmfp umf W jnv jsv zflfq jvsh. dj§ Â vf²Àfv msLA pdl ˆwfv nmq rsq ifv rhfv zfwËf Kfsj, ksh sp sjfb ²¿fsb isV sbsh. ˆv mfsU hf isv sjfb bIt iVsh bf. (dhk Xsvv hAfifsv mksHl zfsY.) bfmfp swsN zbA sjfb jfu, o¬i hf zpDIfq vfdÛ bf suso njft njft Ocdmsq dhwafm sbsh. pfsk jcvhfbDv dlb dhdHâ jkGhA zflfsq Û¢de W zftnA bf zfsn. zk}iv iaKm nmsq (zfWqft WqfsÙÁ) Iusvv bfmfp zflfq jsv mfwzfv¢t rfvfm (ihGskv) dbje zh²¿fb jsv sjhtfmcJ rsq zfïfrv dpjXv jvsh ˆhQ rfk kcst lczf jvsh. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

)) وهاذكرام ورر الحعشالم عند وا اللهفات فاذكررع نم متفإذا أفضآلنيالض له لمنن قبم مإن كنتو اكمدا هسورة البقرة) ١٩٨ ())كم

zKGf{, pJb skfmvf zfvfIfk (iaf§Àv) rsk iakAfhkGb jvsh, kJb (mcplfdtIfq) mfwzfv¢t rfvfsmv dbjse si]ZsY zfïfrsj n¹vB jv ˆhQ dkdb spHfsh dbslGw dlsqsYb dEj snHfsh kf]sj


n¹vB jv; pdlW iCshG skfmvf dhëf§Àslv z§ÀHcGÙÁ dYst. (nCvf ·hfjfvfr 198 zfqfk)

iajfw Kfsj sp, ‰ ihGskv dbjehkDG rWqf Wqfsuh bq. spmb Wv …isv yVfW sjfb dhsLq jmG bq. …Ï¶t njft rsq ˆst nCspGflsqv iCshG snJfb rsk dmbfv iadk pfÛf jvsh. ˆƒ nmq zdLj zdLj kftdhqfr iVsh. Wqfdl mcrfnXdnv siZ]sY ˆjec wDOa ytsh. hxÝ, bfvD zKhf dwð iaHxdk lchGt swaBDv mfbcN W kfslv nht nÌD W zdHHfhjslv ubA vfsÛ y¦lafs²Àv iv dmbf pfWqfv zbcmdk vsqsY. (hcJfvD 1594, mcndtm 1293bQ)

10ƒ pctrÏ dmbf si]ZsY ufmvfr zfj¶fhfr (pfsj hV ufmvfr htf rq ˆhQ pf mndusl JfƒI sKsj kxkDq W swN ˆhQ mÄf sKsj iaKm ifKv mfvfv ²¿fb) si]ZsY kftdhqfr há jvsh W ifKv mfvsh. ksh nht W n[m hAdÙÁvf nCspGflsqv ivƒ ifKv mfvsh. nfkde ifKv äfvf vm Xƒ dumfv jvsh. ifKvÈdt nfƒsu sYftf sKsj ˆjec hxrlfjfv rsh. ˆƒ ifKv sp sjfb ²¿fb sKsj nQoar jvf pfsh. mcplfdtIf sKsj nQoar jvf uv¢vD bq. ksh dmbfq si]ZsY ifKv bf ifWqfv hf nQoar jvsk nmq bf ifWqfv zfwËf Kfjst mcplfdtIf sKsj jcdVsq vfJsh. nQoasrv iv ifKvÈdtsj sLZk jvskW rsh bf. iadk dbs[siv nfsK




kjhDv (zfïfù zfjhfv) htsh. ˆƒ ²¿fsb dbdlGó sjfb iEbDq lczf sbƒ. ˆƒ nmq rfuDv …dyk, zfïfrv ubA kf'pDm W dhbq iajfw jvf. wdÙÁ hAhrfv hf LfÄfLfdÄ jsv ziv rfuDsj jó dlsq wfd§À HÌ bf jvf. ifKv mfvfv nmq dbdÇyk rWqf sp, kfv ifKv dEj dbdlGó ²¿fsb iVsY dj bf? ²Às©H hf slWqfst stso rWspv hfƒsv spb yst bf zfsn. iajfw sp, hAhr™k ifKv jcdVsq däkDq hfv mfvf pfsh bf. jf'hf wvDIsj hfsm W dmbfsj Ffƒsb jsv hfksb WqflDsk làfqmfb rsq ˆƒ ifKv mfvf mc²Àfrfh. dH]sVv jfvsB kf n©Hh bf rst zbAfbA dlj rsk dnÝ rsq pfsh. …tfmfoB ˆ dhNsq ˆjmk sp, jcvhfbDv dlb nCpG WEfv iv sKsj nCpG Ttf ipG§À nmsqv msLA ufmvfr zfjfhfq ifKv mfvf ncâk. zhwA ‰ dlsb nCpGfs²Àv iChG ipG§À mfvstW dnÝ nmsq mfvf rq. dj§ Â pdl sj… nCpGfs²Àv iCshG mfvsk bf ifsv kfrst (isv zfv ifKv bf smsv) ivdlb nCpG Ttfv iv (jfpf) smsv sbsh. (zfpWqf…t hfqfb 5/275) ifKv mfvfv iv kfmfÙc hf dj¶vfb rÏ jvst jcvhfbDofsr ˆsn dmbfv zbAfbA ufqof hf mÄfv sp sjfb ufqofskW jcvhfbD jvsk ifsv. pdl ‰ dlsb n©Hh bf rq, kfrst ivhkDG 13 kfvDJ ipG§À sp sjfb dlb jsv sbsh. jcvhfbD dbu rfsk jvf


zncdhLf hcUst jcvhfbD-dhNqj dbdlGó nQ²¿f hf hAfQsj jcvhfbDv mCtA iCshGƒ umf slsh. kfviv mfKf sbVf hf yct sYfe jvsh, ksh sbVf jvfƒ …Ùm. jcvhfbDv mCtA umf dlsq Kfjst ifKv smsvƒ sjw mcàb zKhf jkGb jvsk ifsv. iCshGƒ htf rsqsY sp, mcàb zKhf jkGb icsvf m²Àj rskƒ rsk rsh. mdrtf iaskAj shBD rsk ˆj zfÌcstv zoaa (ˆj do]sV) hvfhv jfesh. (ianÌk} …sïJA sp, mdrtfslv ubA mfKfv …isv sJ]fif hf U cde h]fLf ShL bq. mfKfv diYb dlsj sJf]if h]fLf sKsj shBD hf ycde so]sK mfKf h]fLf Hfstf ˆhQ rÏ hf …mvfv nmq ‰ ˆj do]sV idvmfB YfVf zbA nmq yct sYfe jvf hf jfdeQ jvf ShL bq. ShL bq shofbf icv¢sNv nfmsb ycstv Fof jfef.) ˆkecjc jvfv iv mcrdvsmv ubA iaKm rftft tfH rq. kfƒ ˆhfsv sn dbsuv nfLfvB sifwfj ivsk ifsv ncodá hAhrfv jvsk ifsv, bJ jfesk ifsv ƒkAfdl. hvQ ² ÃD hAkDk nhGiajfv h² Â W jmG pf ˆrvfsm zShL dYt ShL rsq pfq. jcvhfbD jvsk bf ifvstW ifKv smsv sjw mcàb hf jkGb jvfv iv, zKhf ifKv smsv kWqfI W nf'„ jvfv iv, zKhf kWqfI, nf'„ W sjw mcàsbv iv ˆƒ rftft tfH rq. (zfÙfrj¶Dj¶ zt„pfr 56ix}) mkf§Àsv sjht ifKv mfvfv ivƒ iaKm rftft tfH rq. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 33ix})




mfKf sbVf jvfv iv sJfwhc hAhrfv jsv rfuD jf'hfv …sÜswA vWbf rsq rsÏv kWqfI (kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr hf dpqfvfr) jvsh; pf rsÏv ˆj v¢jXb ˆhQ pf bf jvst rÏƒ rq bf. pfv iansÌ zfïfr kfzftf hstb,

zKGf{, zk}iv kfvf spb Sldrj zidv¤Yâkf lCv jsv, kfslv mfbk iCBG jsv ˆhQ iafyDb oxsrv kWqfI jsv.« (jc} 22/29) ‰ dlsb n©Hh bf rst vfsÛ zKhf kwvDsjv sp sjfb dlsb ‰ kWqfI jvsk ifsv. zk}iv kWqfsIv iv mfj¶fsm ƒhafrDsmv iÇyfsk lcƒ vfjzfk bfmfp zflfq jsv nfIf W mfvWqfv nf'„ jvsh. pdl kfmfÙc rÏ rq kfrst ˆef kfv rsÏv nf'„ rsh ˆhQ iCshGjfv nf'„ Wmvfv. dj¶vfb zKhf ƒIvfl rsÏ kWqfsI jclCsmv nfsK nf'„ bf jsv Kfjst nf'„ jvsh. ˆƒ kWqfI (W nf'„v) iv mcrdvm n©iCBGHfsh rftft rsq pfsh. kJb ² ÃD-nÌmW kfv ubA ShL rsh. jcvhfbDv dlb jvBDq zfmtÈdtsj bhD -ˆv mk pKfÛÁsm jvfefƒ ncâk. zkˆh nhGiaKm ifKv mfvsh, zk}iv jcvhfbD, zk}iv m²Àj mcàb hf sjw jkGb, kfviv kWqfI W nf'„. zhwA ˆv hAdkÛÁm jvstW sjfb slfN sbƒ. ksh ifKv mfvfv jfu nhGfsoa jvf …dyk. jfvB, kf dmbfv ˆj zdHhflb. (mcobD 5/288)


pmpsmv ifdb ifb jvf ˆhQ kfviv sjfb ItianC lczf jvf W kf mfKfq Tftf rfuDv ubA mc²Àfrfh. spsrkc pmpsmv ifdb ˆj iajfv zfrfv W msrZNL ˆhQ kf sp …sÜswA ifb jvf pfq zfïfr kf iCvB jsvb. iajfw sp, pmpsmv ifdb sjhtfmcJ rsq ifb jvf ˆhQ kfviv `zfïfù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf ƒtmfb bfsIzf-----' lczf ifE jvfv hAfifsv hdBGk rflDnÈdt pqDI. (ƒvWqf…t oftDt 4/325, 332-333) spmb ‰ ifdbsk (dhsLq msb jsv) sofnt jvf dhlzfk. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 53ix}) 11 W 12ƒ kfvDJ ˆviv rfuD mÄf sKsj icbvfq dmbfq iakAfhkGb jvsh ˆhQ ˆofsvf W hfsvf kfvDsJv (zdLjfQw) vfdÛ pfib jvsh. pf rsÏv ˆj dblwGb dhswN, zfv kf idvkAfo jvf ShL bq. jfvB, vnCt jvDm ifdb idvshwj W iðv[j ltsj dmbfq vfdÛ pfib bf jvsk zbcmdk dlsqsYb. ˆƒ `zbcmdk' wède ƒdÌk hrb jsv sp, kfv dhivDk (vfdÛ pfib jvfef) zhwA-jkGhA. zbcv™iHfsh pfslv zbAfbA sjfb Wpv W zncdhLf Kfjsh kfslv ubAW dmbf YfVf pKf² ¿fsb vfdÛ pfisb zbcmdk rsh. ˆƒ lcƒ dlsb dkb ufmvfskƒ ifKv mfvfW Wqfsuh. ˆv nmq ðv¢ rq nCpG Ttfv iv sKsj. ifKv mfvfv ubA ifsq sr]se pfWqfefƒ zfIpt. (dntdntfr




nrDrfr 5/103) iaKm ufmvfr (pf mndusl JfƒI sKsj dbjekm W mÄf sKsj kxkDq hf lCvkm)sk iv±iv nfkde ifKv dbs[i jvsh. iadk dbs[siv nfsK `zfïfù zfjhfv' htsh. zk}iv ˆjec nsv dosq ufmvfsj hfsm jsv sjhtfmcJ rsq lcƒ rfk kcst shwD shwD jsv zbcbq-dhbq nrjfsv lczf jvf ncâk. zk}iv mLAm ufmvfq zbcv™iHfsh nfkde ifKv dbs[i jvsh. zk}iv ˆjec zoanv rsq ˆƒ ufmvfsj Ffƒsb jsv iCshGv bAfq djhtfmcsJ lczf jvf ncâk. zhswsN kxkDq hf swN (zfj¶fhfr) ufmvfq zbcv™i nfkde ifKv mfvsh. zfv ˆv dbje (lczfv ubA) bf l]fdVsq pKf²¿fsb ia²¿fb jvsh. däkDq dlsb (12 kfvDsJ)W zbcv™i jvsh. ˆviv kfVfkfdV Kfjst ifKv mfvfv iv ivƒ nIv jvsk ifsv; ˆhQ kfsk sjfb slfN sbƒ. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

واذكروا الله في أيام معدودات فمن تعجل في يومين فال إثم عليه ((ثم عليه لمن اتقى واتقوا الله واعلمـوا أنكـم إليـه ومن تأخر فال إ

سورة البقرة) ٢٠٣ ())تحشرون zKGf{, skfmvf dbdlGó nQJAj dlbÈdtsk zfïfrsj n¹vB jv, zfv pdl sj… kfVfkfdV jsv lcƒ dlsbƒ yst zfsn kfsk kfv sjfb ifi sbƒ. zfv pdl sj… dhtì jsv ksh kfvW sjfb ifi sbƒ. ˆ (dbqm) kfv ubA sp LmGHDv¢. skfmvf zfïfrsj Hq jv ˆhQ susb vfJ sp, skfmfslvsj kf]v jfsY ˆjÛ jvf rsh. (nCvf


·hfjfvfr 203 zfqfk) ksh nCpGfs²Àv zfso zfsoƒ kfsj dmbf kAfo jvsk rsh. zhwA dmbf kAfojfst svfF uAfm hf zbAfbA jfvsB dmbfv mfsU isKƒ nCpGf²À rst dmbfq Kfjf zhLfdvk rsh bf. jfvB, iCshGƒ sn ia²¿fsbv ia²Âdk dbsq ytsk ðv¢ jsvsY. bsy{ nCpG Fcsh sost ‰ vfdÛ pfib jsv isvv dlb (13ƒ pct rÏ) nCpG Ttfv iv iCshGv bAfq ifKv dbs[i jsv slsw (hf mÄfq) dIsv pfsh. zfv ˆefƒ ncâk, zfIpt W nWqfshv dlj dlsqW hV. ‰ dlsb ifKv mfvst kf djqfmskv dlb kfv ubA bCv (suAfdk) rsh. (dntdntfr nrDrfr 2515bQ) dj§ Â 12 kfvDsJv lcicsvv iCshG ifKv dbs[siv ubA jf…sj iadkdbdL jsv dlsq nIv jvf ShL bq, spmb nCpG Ttfv iCshG ifKv smsv Kfjst kf psKó bq. ˆsk dIl XqAfr tfosh. sjfb Wpsvv s[sÛ 11 kfvDsJv hf 11 W 12 kfvDsJv vm Xƒsj 13 kfvDJ ipG§À didYsq slWqf yst. jfvB kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtv iaskAjefƒ vm Xƒv nmq. zkˆh (nfmKGA Kfjsk) iadkdbdL jvfv sysq ˆv™i jvfefƒ …Ùm. spsrkc vnCt …]e v[jltsj jcvhfbDv dlb vm Xƒ jsv kfv ivhkDG lcƒ vm Xƒsj ˆjdÛk jsv lc'dlsbv msLA sjfb ˆj dlsb vm Xƒ jvfv zbcmdk dlsqdYstb. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zftfhfbD 40ix}) zkˆh ˆƒ idvd²¿dksk iadkdbdL jvf ufsqp Kfjst dbÇyq




dkdb kfslvsj kfv dbslGw dlskb. jfvB, kf nru dYt. i[f§Àsv pfvf vm Xƒ jvskƒ z[m; spmb, dwð, hxÝ, svfoD iaHxdk) kfslv ubA zivsj …djt jvf ShL. ˆs[sÛ …djt iaskAj ufmvfq iaKsm dbsuv kvI sKsj nfkde zk}iv smfqfsÄstv kvI sKsj nfkde ifKv dbs[i jvsh. dj§ Â …djtsj hkGmfb rsÏv rfuD zhwAƒ rsk rsh. nCpGfs²Àv iChG ipG§À ˆƒ vm Xƒ jsv sbWqf …Ùm. zhwA djYc zfrst ƒtXm kfv isv jvfW ShL hstsYb. zfv kfƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ. jfvB, vnCt vm Xƒ ðv¢ rWqfv nmq dbdlGó jsvsYb; dj§ Â swN rWqfv nmq dbLGfdvk jsvb db. …iv§ Â rpvk ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `ˆjub bhD sj duÎfnf jvt, `zfdm náAfshtfq ifKv smsvdY?' dkdb htstb, ªmfsvf, sjfb [dk sbƒ.« (hcJfvD 1648bQ) zfv zfvhDsk mfnf- (náAfshtf) hst nCpG Ttfv iv sKsj dbsq nCpGfs²Àv isvW vfdÛ ipG§À nmqsj. dj§ Â bhD duÎfnfjfvDv dbje ˆ dhNsq sjfb dhhvBW ufbsk yfbdb sp, sn nCpGfs²Àv iCshG zKhf isv vm Xƒ jsvsY. pfsk nfLfvBHfsh ˆƒ ƒdÌk ifWqf pfq sp, vfsÛW vm Xƒ jvf ShL. ƒmfm bWhD `wvsr mcrfpXpfh'ˆ hstb, `vfsÛ vm Xƒ jvfv hAfifsv lc'de mk zfsY. ndEj mk ShLkfv. jfvB, …]e v[jslvsj vfdÛjfst vm Xƒ jvfv zbcmdk slWqf rsqdYt.'


i[f§Àsv ˆƒ zdHmkƒ ƒntfsmv nvtkf W zbfqfn-dnÝkfv zbcjCt. dhswN jsv ˆƒ pcso rfuDslv ÛÁmw} nQJAfdLsjA sp jó W zncdhLf rq ˆhQ zdk dH]sVv yfsi sp djYc mfbcN zfrk ˆhQ dbrkW rq, kf htfƒ hfùtA. zfv nCpG Ttfv iv sKsj z²À pfWqf ipG§À nmq ˆƒ dhvfe nQJAj rfuDslv vm Xƒ jvfv ubA psKó bq. zhwA dH]V rWqfƒ ˆƒ zdHmskv ndEjkfv jfvB bq. jfvB, rfuDslv ubA Wqfsuh, ƒntfmD zflshv zbcomb jvf ˆhQ zfk¹v[fv nfsK nfsK ziv rfuDslv ufsbvW drIfpk jvf. pf iftb jvst zhwAƒ dH]sVv yfsi iafBrfdb Ose bf. dj§ Â iCshG pf …sïJ jvf rsqsY kfskƒ WpvWqftf z[mslv ubA vfsÛ vm Xƒ jvfv ShLkf iamfdBk rsqsY. zkˆh iðv[j, ifdb idvshwj, hxÝ, lchGt, dwð W mdrtfslv ubA vfsÛ ifKv dbs[i ShL W dnÝ rsh. jfvB, nfLfvBk} kJb dH]V Kfsj bf. (zftmfumC' 8/240, zfpWqf…t hfqfb 5/283, dnIfkct rfÏ, ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 62ix}) rfuDv n¹vsB vfJf …dyk sp, vm Xƒ dumfv ˆj ƒhflk pf vnCt -ˆv zbcjvB jsv zfïfrv dpjXv iadkôf jvfv …sÜswA dhdLhÝ jvf rsqsY. pfv ubA iaskAsjƒ iadk dbs[si `zfïfù zfjhfv' hst Kfsj. bhD hstb, ªifKv dbs[i W nfIf mfvWqfv nf'„v dhLfb zfïfrv dpjXv iadkôfv ubAƒ dhdLhÝ jvf rsqsY.« (zfrmfl, dkvdmpD, zfhC lf†l)




zkˆh ˆƒ idhÛ ²¿fbnmCsr dpj Xv sKsj dhn¹ xdk W ofItdk zfslZ …dyk bq. hvQ kjhDv W lczfv ˆjf§À sJqft vfJf …dyk. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

}كم أو أشد ذكرافإذا قضيتم مناسككم فاذكروا الله كذكركم آباء{ zKGf{, zk}iv pJb skfmvf (rsÏv) pfhkDq jfpGfdl n©iâ jsv sbsh, kJb (dmbfq) zfïfrsj ˆmbHfsh n¹vB jvsh spmb (ufsrtD pcso) skfmvf skfmfslv dikxicv¢NoBsj (oshGv nfsK, djQhf dwð zh²¿fq mf-hfhfsj) n¹vB jvsk, zKhf klsi[f oHDvHfsh. (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 200 zfqfk) spmb ˆƒ njt ²¿fsb zivsj sj ¾wlfb, zfsifsn hfsu jKfhfkGf, mdrtfslv iadk zShL lxdóifk ƒkAfdlW zdLjv™si ShL bq. ·(nCvf hfjfvfr 200 zfqfk) ifKv dbs[siv nmq mfKfq W sjfmsv jfiV sh]sL ufmfv zf²ÀDb ocdesq `pcÝQ sldr' Hfh sldJsq stfsjv dH]V dyvf …dyk bq. klbcv™i ifKv mfvfv nmq ˆ dhÇhfn W LfvBf vfJf …dyk bq sp, kf wqkfbsj mfvsY. (zftdmbrfu ID ƒqfWdmqAfdkt rfÏ 25ix}, IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/636) spmb, nfIf-mfvWqf nf'„ jvf jftDb ˆ LfvBf vfJf …dyk bq sp, sn ifdb Jc]usY zKhf sjfb stfj Jc]usY. hvQ jsmGv srkc YfVf ˆ nshv mCst vsqsY zfïfrv dpjXv W bhD ˆv zbcjvB. zbcv™iHfsh zdkvÓb jsv hV ifKv, Yfkf, uckf ƒkAfdl dbs[i ShL bq.


mmmÄÄÄfff mmmcc cjjjfffvvvGG G fffmmmfffvvv zzzffflllhhh WWW dddhhhlllfffqqqDDD kkkWWWqqqfffIII

ˆ dbvfil bovDsk zh²¿fbjfst rfuDsj (mcndtmsj) dhswNv™si nkjGkf, nfhLfbkf W nQpmwDtkf zhtìb jvf …dyk. pfsk kfv äfvf sjfb iajfsvv ifi nQOdek bf rsq pfq. spsrkc ˆƒ idhÛ rfvfsm nQOdek ifsiv wfd²À hxrÙv. zfïfr ifj hstb,

)ومن يرد فيه بإلحاد بظلم نذقه من عذاب أليم( zKGf{, sp kfsk (mndusl rfvfsm) nDmftQOb jsv ifi jfpG jvsk ƒ¤Yf jsv kfsj zfdm mmG§ Âl wfd²Àv zföfl oarB jvfh.« (jc} 22/25) zkˆh snJfsb ifsiv ƒ¤Yf jvst pdl mmG§ Âl wfd²À sHfo jvsk rq, kfrst ifi-ƒ¤Yfsj jfsu idvBk jvst dj wfd²À rsh -kf zbcsmq. zfhfv snJfsb jcI Xv W dwjG jvst kfv sHfoA wfd²Àv jKf htfƒ hfùtA. spmb rfuDv …dyk, i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp ufmfzfskv nfsK rfvfsm zflfq jvf. jfvB, ˆJfsb 1de bfmfp 1 t[ bfmfp zsi[f …Ùm. spmb kfv …dyk, shwD shwD kWqfI jvf. ksh




rÏ-…mvfr YfVf sjht nf'„ jvf dhdLn©mk bq. ifvkis[ sjfb bfmfpDv nfmsb dlsj zdkÛÁm ShL bq. spsrkc nh mnduslƒ nckvf uv¢vD. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 7ix}) mÄfq zh²¿fbjfst rfsk nmq slsJ kfb„m (mndusl zfsqwf) hf du„vGfbfr ƒkAfdlv mDjfsk shv rsq hfv hfv …mvfr jvfv dHdÙ ncâfq sbƒ. rsÏv nm²À jfu swN jsv pJb rfuD dbsuv hfdV dIvsk yfƒsh kJb kfv …iv kWqfsI dhlf' (dhlfqD kWqfI) Wqfsuh rsh. sp hAdÙÁ kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr hfjD svsJ dmbf sKsj nIsvv dbqsk mÄf wvDI pfÛf jvsh ˆhQ kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr jsvƒ slsw dIvsk yfƒsh, kfv ubA ‰ ˆjef kWqfIƒ psKó rsh. zfv dHâHfsh kWqfsI dhlf' jvsk rsh bf. sYfe hVv msLA iadhó rsh. zkˆh dbqk Kfjsh kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fv. jfvB, kf v¢jXb. ˆef dnÝ rsh ˆƒ ubA sp, zfslw rs¤Y, rfuDv nhGswN dhlfq-²¿t rsh jf'hfoxr, zfv kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fv ivƒ nIv jvst kfv ‰ zfslw iftb rsq pfq. kfYfVf spsrkc ˆjƒ iajfsvv lc'de ƒhflk ˆjƒ nmsq …id²¿k rq, kfƒ ˆjde ziv sKsj psKó jvsh. (iCshG kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr jsv Kfjst) ‡kcmkD mdrtfslv s[sÛ kWqfsI dhlf' Wqfsuh bq. nIsvv nmq idhÛf rst kWqfI jvsh bsy{ nÌDslv nfsK nIv jvsh.


ˆƒ dhlfq jftDb kWqfsIv iv zfv sjfb jfsuv Jfdksv mÄf wvDsI zh²¿fb jvf …dyk bq. hvQ nIsvv ia² Âdk dbsq mÄf sKsj dhlfq rsh. mndul rsk shv rWqfv nmq hfm if zfso shv jsv `zfïfù©mf n¶fdï zftf mcrf©mfl znfdïm, zfïfù©mf ƒâD zfnzftcjf dmb Ifp¶dtj' lczf ifE jvsh. shv rhfv nmq jf'hfv dlsj n©mcJ jsv …¬ef ifsq shv rsh bf. ytfv nmq diYb dIsv jf'hfv dlsj kfjfsk kfjfsk, zKhf ytsk ytsk sKsm jf'hfv iadk dhsqfohAKf iajfw jvf wvDqk-n©mk bq. (mfbnfj, ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 387ix}) slsw dIvfv nmq nsÌ pmpsmv ifdb hrb jsv dbsq dosq svfoDslv ifb jvfsbf, mfKfq Tftf ˆhQ hjGk W zfsvfsoAv zfwf vfJf dhdLn©mk. (dkvdmpD 963bQ, dntdntfr nrDrfr 883bQ)

mmmnnnddduuussslll bbbhhhhhhDDDvvv dddpppqqqfffvvvkkk rsÏv iCshG zKhf isv sp sjfb nmsq mlDbf wvDsIv mndusl bhhD dpqfvk jvf ncâk. spsrkc ‰ mnduslv hV mfrfk¹A W IpDtk vsqsY. ˆJfsb ˆj WqfÙÁ bfmfp iVst ˆj rfufv WqfsÙÁv sysq shwD bfmfspv nWqfh tfH rq. spmb, jf'hfv mndusl ˆj WqfÙÁ bfmfp iVst ˆj t[ WqfsÙÁv sysq shwD bfmfspv nWqfh tfH rq. mlDbfv mndul dpqfvskv ubA ƒrvfm ivf dhdLn©mk bq.




spmb nIvjfst bhDuDv jhv dpqfvskv dbqk jvf ShL bq. dpqfvkjfvD pJb mndusl si]ZYsh kJb kfv Ffb if zfso hfdVsq `dhndmïfdr znXnftfkc znnftfmc zftf vfnCdtïfr, zf†pc dhïfdrt zfpDm, zdhzudrdrt jfvDm, znctk¶fdbdrt jflDm, dmbfw wfƒk¶fdbv vfuDm. zKhf`zfïfù©mfI kfrXtD zfhWqfhf vfrmfdkj' ˆƒ lczf hst iashw jvsh. spmb, zbAfbA njt mndul iashswv nmq ˆƒ lczfƒ iVf rq. jfvB, mndusl bhhD iashswv nmq sjfb dbdlGó lczf hf dpjXv sbƒ. zk}iv `kfdrqAfkct mfndul' lcƒ vfj Xzfk bfmfp zflfq jvsh ˆhQ kfsk iY¦lmk ƒrstZdjj W ifvstZdjj jtAfB W wfd§À iafKGbf jvsh. ˆƒ bfmfp vWpfq iVst zfsvf …Ùm. zfïfrv vnCt hstb, ªzfmfv oxr W dmìsvv mLAhkGD ²¿fb ufâfskv vWpfr (hfdoyf) nmCsrv ˆj vWpfr (hfdoyf).« (zfrmfl, hcJfvD, mcndtm, dkvdmpD, bfnf„, nrDùt ufsm' 5586, 5587bQ) …sïJA sp, kf]v oxr ˆJb k]fv nmfdLs[Û. pfv …iv nhcu oìcu dbdmGk zfsY. pf rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) ˆv ùuvf dYt. ˆ nmfdLs[Ûsj vWpfr htf rq bf. hvQ ˆƒ ùuvfv idÇym ifsw¶G bhhD dmìv ipG§À ²¿fbsj vWpfr htf rq. zk}iv bfmfp zflfsqv iv bhD ˆhQ k]fv lcƒ nfKD zfhChjv W …mfv ˆv jhv dpqfvk jvsh. mnduslv dHkv (idÇym) sKsj iChG sose shv rsk hfm dlsj nhGiaKm jhsv bhhD isV. pfv


dEj snfufsnfdu jsv svdtQ ˆv slWqfst ˆjde zsi[fjxk hV dYla hf softfjfv I]fj zfsY. ‰ I]fsjv n©mcsJ zflh W waÝfv nfsK (sjfb vjmHfsh bf U]csj hf kfrdvmfv mk rfk bf sh]sL làfqmfb rsh. zk}iv k]fv …iv nftfm ifE jvsh; htsh, `zfnnftfmc zftfƒjf ƒqf vfnCtfïfdr zvfrmfkcïfdr zhfvfjfkcr.' dkdb ˆƒ nftfsmv …Ùv dlsq Kfsjb. zhwA kf ƒruo{ sKsj sj…ƒ ðbsk W zbcHh jvsk ifsv bf. zk}iv k]fv …iv lv™l ifE jvsh ˆhQ k]fv ubA lczf jvsh. kfviv ˆjec iChG dlsj zoanv rsq ivhkDG dYslav n©mcsJ làfqmfb rsq rpvk zfhchjv W rpvk …mv ˆv …iv nftfm iVsh. k]fslv ubA lczf jvsh ˆhQ zfïfrv dbje k]fv ns§ÀfN iafKGbf jsv htsh `vfdp¶qfïfù zfbùmf.' ùuvfv dbje shwD tìf nmq Lsv l]fdVsq Kfjsh bf ˆhQ swfvsoft jvsh bf W sufsv jKfhfkGfW htsh bf; hvQ iasqfusb dbmösv jKf htsh. sjfb jhsvv dbje jhvhfnDv jfsY dbsuv ubA djYc yfƒsh bf; jfvB, kf dwjG. djYc yfƒsk rst zfïfrvƒ dbje yfƒsh. zsbsj hstb, sjhtfmcJD rsq lczf jvsh. zfïfrv vnCstv wfIfzfkW k]fv dbje bq, hvQ kf zfïfrvƒ dbje yfƒsh. ùuvfv kWqfI jvf, ±iwG jsv ofsq mfJf hf ycìb jvf, dmrvfh hf dmìv ±iwG jvf hf ycìb jvfv zbcmdk ƒntfsm sbƒ. dmrvfsh bhhDsk bfmfp iVfvW sjfb jKf hf IpDtk wvDqsk




sbƒ. mndul sKsj …¬ef ifsq shv rWqfW wvDqk-n©mk bq. iajfw Kfsj sp, jhv dpqfvk sjht icv¢Nvfƒ jvsk ifsv mdrtfvf lCsv sKsjƒ hf sp sjfb ²¿fb sKsjƒ nftfm W lv™l ifE jvsh. zhwA mndusl bfmfp iVst icv¢sNv nmfb nWqfshv zdLjfdvBD rsh. mlDbfv dpqfvkjfst n©Hh rst i]fy WqfsÙÁvƒ bfmfp mndusl bhhDsk zflfq jvsh. (ydïw WqfÙÁ bfmfp iVsk rq jKfde dHdÙrDb. ˆ iansÌ hdBGk rflDnde mcbjfv.) (dntdntfr pqDIfr 1/ 540) dpj Xv lczf W bIt bfmfp shwD shwD jsv iVsh. n©Hh rst vWpfsk bIt bfmfp zdLj iVsh. ksh Ivp bfmfspv nmq vWpfr sYsV iaKm jfkfsv W Ffƒsb wfdmt rsh. spsrkc iaKm jfkfsv W Ffƒsb bfmfp iVfv IpDtk zfsvf shwD. n¹vsB vfJfv dhNq sp, jhsv bhhDv dpqfvk Wqfsuh bq. rsÏv sjfb zÌ hf wkGW bq. hvQ kf dbjehkDG mfbcN W mndusl bhhDv dpqfvkjfvDv ubA mc²Àfrfh. iv§ Â jhv dpqfvskv …sÜswA nIv jvf lCvhkDGslv ubA ShL bq. ksh idhÛ mndul dpqfvskv …sÜswA nIv jvf ncâk. zk}iv mndusl si]ZsY sost jhsv bhhD W lcƒ nfrfhDv jhv dpqfvk mc²Àfrfh. nckvfQ mÄf hf sjfb lCvhkDG ²¿fb sKsj mlDbfv isK pfÛfjfst rfuDv dbqk spb jhv dpqfvk bf rq. zfïfrv vnCt k]fv jhvsj „l hfbfsk dbsNL jsvsYb. k]fv


jhv dpqfvk iansÌ sp nh rflDn hdBGk W stfj mfsU iadnÝ zfsY kfv nhefƒ uft zKhf lchGt. spmb, ªsp hAdÙÁ rÏ jsv zKy zfmfv dpqfvk jsv bf, sn zfmfv iadk zbAfq jsv.« ªsp hAdÙÁ zfmfv mxkcAv iv zfmfv dpqfvk jvt, sn spb zfmfv uDdhkfh²¿fq zfmfv dpqfvk jvt.« ªsp zfmfv dpqfvk jsv kfv ubA zfmfv wfIfzfk Wqfsuh rsq pfq.« ƒkAfdl. mlDbfv dpqfvkjfvDv ubA mc²Àfrfh mndusl jchfv dpqfvk jvf W kfsk bfmfp iVf. vnCtcïfr ‰ mnduslv dpqfvk jvskb ˆhQ dkdb hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ hfdVsk (hfnfq) idhÛ rsq (Wpc jsv) jchfv mndusl zfsn ˆhQ kfsk sjfb bfmfp isV, kfrst kfv ˆjde …mvfr jvf hvfhv nWqfh tfH rq.« (zfrmfl, bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr) …ÙÁ lcƒ mndul YfVf zfv zbA sjfb mndul dpqfvk ncâk bq. zhwA hfjD'v jhvnmCr, wrDlosBv jhvnmCr dpqfvk jvf ncâk. ˆƒ nh ²¿fsb jhv dpqfvskv pKfvDdk lczf ifE jvsh. (sjfb h]fLfoVf lczf ifE jvsh bf ˆhQ sjfb mck¶fWdhI hf siwflfv ofƒsFv Jæsv iVsh bf.) zfsJvfk ±mvB jvsh, jhvhfnDslv ubA, k]fslv zfk¹fv jtAfsBv ubA zfïfrv dbje [mf, jv¢Bf W zfdwn X iafKGbf jvsh. ˆ YfVf k]fslv jhsvv dbje lczf jhct rsh msb jsv lczf jvf, sjfb jhsvv Jfdlm rWqf, jhvhfnDv dbje iasqfub dH[f jvf,




svfomcdÙÁ hf sjfb …âdk yfWqf, k]fslv mpGflf W mfrfsk¹Av znDtfq zfïfrv dbje lczf jvf, mÄf hf mlDbfv sjfb ²¿fsbv mfde hjGskv zfwfq nsÌ sbWqf ƒkAfdl dhlzfk W dwjG; pf wvDqsk zShL ˆhQ ntsI nfstrDboBW kf sjfb dlb jsv pfb db hf jvfv dbslGwW slb db. dj§Â lc}sJv dhNq sp, hù rfuD ifi[q jvsk ˆsn dwjG ƒkAfdlv hV ifsiv shfUf dbsq hfdV dIsv, Ivp zflfq jvsk ˆsn mcwdvj rsq slsw dIsv. zsbsjv HfsoA sjht jó, zfVìv, zfbcôfdbjkf zKGhAq W ncbfmƒ Kfsj. zsbsj rfvfm …ifsq zsKGfifuGb jsv (nCl, OcN ƒkAfdlv efjf dbsq) rÏ jsv zfsn. htf hfùtA, ˆmb mfbcNslv uDhsb rÏ sjfb idvhkGb zfbsk ifsv bf. hvQ ifi W idËtkfv uDhb isK kfv zh²¿f `pKf iChGQ kKf ivQ' Kfsj, kfrst msb iaw Kfsj sp, ˆmb stfjslv rÏ jhct rq dj? zfïfrƒ ufsbb. i[f§Àsv sp kWrDlhflDvf rftft mft äfvf ˆjmfÛ zfïfrv ns§ÀfNdhLfsbv …sÜswA, k]fv vnCt -ˆv kvDjf hf iÝdkmsk sjfb iajfsvv odrGk W zdhsLq jfsu dtå bf rsq rÏ iftb jsv, kfslv ubA zfwf jvf pfq, ƒbwfïfr- dkdb kfslv `tfêfƒj' (rfduv rfduv Ffsj) nfvf slshb ˆhQ kfslv rÏ jhct jvshb. kfvfƒ bhufk dwðv mk db®ifi rsq hfdV dIvsh ˆhQ kfslv zfofmD uDhb snƒ zfstfsj zfstfdjk, nQswfdLk W idvhdkGk rsh. zfv ivjfst tfH jvsh ufâfskv mrficvõfv.


zzzfffvvvfffIIIfffvvv dddlllsssbbbvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk WWW jjjkkkGG GhhhAAA

pctrsÏv IpDtkiCBG lw dlsbv msLA zfvfIfv dlb zbAkm. ˆƒ dlb ifi[sqv dlb. ufrfâfm sKsj mcdÙÁ tfsHv dlb. oxsr zh²¿fbjfvD mcndtmslv ubA svfpf mc²Àfrfh rWqfv dlb. sp dlsb äDsb ƒntfm iCBGfÌ rsqsY ˆhQ zfïfrv dbqfmk W zbcoar mcntmfbslv …iv n©iâ rsqsY. rpvk …mfv dhb JfÙfh rsk hdBGk, k]fsj ƒqfùlDslv ˆj hAdÙÁ htt, `sr zfdmv¢t mcsmbDb! zfibfslv djkfshv ˆj zfqfk pf zfibfvf ifE jsv Kfsjb, ‰ zfqfk pdl ƒqfùlD n©ialfq zfmfslv …iv zhkDBG rk, kfrst (sp dlsb zhkDBG rsqsY) ‰ dlbefsj zfmvf „l hst oBA jvkfm.' dkdb htstb, `sjfb X zfqfk?' htt, ªzfu skfmfslv ubA skfmfslv äDb iCBGfÌ jvtfm W skfmfslv iadk zfmfv zbcoar n©iCBG jvtfm ˆhQ ƒntfmsj skfmfslv ubA äDbv™si msbfbDk jvtfm« (ˆƒ zfqfk). rpvk …mfv htstb, `‰ dlbdesj zfmvf susbdY ˆhQ snƒ ²¿fbdesjW dysbdY; sp ²¿fsb ‰ zfqfk bhD -ˆv …iv zhkDBG rq, pJb dkdb ucmzfv dlb zfvfIfv mqlfsb làfqmfb dYstb. (hcJfvD 45,




mcndtm 3017bQ) iawjfvD dYt jf'h zft zfrhfv. spmb kInDsv k¶fhfvD (9/526) sk hdBGk rsqsY. htf rsqsY, ‰ zfqfk ucmzfv dlb ˆhQ zfvfIfv dlb zhkDBG rsqsY ˆhQ ‰ lc'de dlbƒ zfmfslv ubA „l, zftrfmlc dtïfr. (4) zfvfIfv dlsbv Èv¢k¶ nìsá bhD hstb, ªzfvfIfv dlb YfVf ˆmb sjfb dlb sbƒ spdlb zfïfr zdLjv™si hf¦lfslvsj slfpsJv zfÈb sKsj mcÙÁ jsvb W hstb, `dj yfq Wvf?' (mcndtm 1348bQ) ƒhsb zfèct hfvG hstb, `rflDnde dbslGw jsv sp, zfvfIfq zh²¿fbjfvDoB mfduGk W [mfiafå. jfvB, zfïfr ifj kWhf W [mfv iv YfVf ifiDslvsj dbsq ohG jsvb bf. zïfù zf'tfm.' (kfmrDl 1/120) diaq bhD zfsvf hstb, ªzfvfIfv dlb YfVf zbA sjfb dlsb wqkfbsj zdLj zil²¿, tfdÒk, rDbkfoa²À W ÛÁcÝ rsk slJf pfqdb. spsrkc sn sndlb zfïfrv vrmk zhkDBG rsk ˆhQ mfbcsNv hV hV ifi mfuGbf rsk slsJ kfƒ. spmb hlsvv pcsÝv dlbW sn zil²¿ rsqdYt. pJb duhvDt -sj (pcsÝv ubA) dIdvñflstv hcArdhbAfn jvsk slsJdYt.« (mczÙf mfstj 1/

(4) zsbsjv LfvBf msk ucmzfv dlb zfvfIfv (rsÏv) dlb rst snƒ rÏ zfjhvD rÏ rq -ˆ jKfde dHdÙrDb.


422, rflDnde mcvnft pqDI, dmwjfk 2/798) ƒhsb zfèct hfvG hstb, `‰ idhÛ mqlfsb …id²¿dkv IpDtskv is[ ˆƒ rflDnde …Ùm. ˆsk mcndtmslvsj rÏ jvsk …äcÝ jvf rsqsY. ˆƒ rflDsnv zKG ˆjfdLjHfsh nQvd[k ˆhQ ˆƒ rflDn ˆƒ jKfv …iv ltDt sp, sp hAdÙÁ ˆƒ mrfiaf§Àsv …id²¿k rsh kfsj zfïfr ifj mfuGbf jvshb. ƒbwfzfïfr.' bhD zfsvf hstb, ªzfïfr kfzftf zfvfIfv dlb dhjfst zfvfIfk-Wqftfslv dbsq zfnmfbhfnD dIdvñfslv dbje ohG jsvb. dkdb kfslvsj hstb, `zfmfv hf¦lfslvsj slJ, zfmfv dbje LCdtmdtb W zftcKftc v¢[ sjsw …id²¿k rsqsY!« (mcnbfl zfrmfl 2/305, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmf 4/263) nckvfQ …ÙÁ rflDnnmCr zfvfIfv dlsbv Èv¢k¶ W mfrfk¹A dhswNHfsh hBGbf jsv. ˆde ˆmb dlb pfsk lczf jhct jvf rq, zfshlbjfvDv zfshlb mÓcv jvf rq ˆhQ ifi mfuGbf jvf rq. kfƒskf mcndtsmv …dyk, dhswN jsv ˆƒ mrfb dlsb sbj zfmt jvsk pkhfb W iaqfnD rWqf; lczf, dpj Xv, kjhDv, sktfzk, bfmfp, nljfr iaHxdkv mfLAsm ˆƒ dlsbv pKfKG rj zflfq jvf. n©Hhk} sjfb hfrfbfq zfïfr kfsj [mf jsv slshb ˆhQ k]fv slfpsJv HDNB wfd²À sKsj db°jxdk slshb. ƒhsb vuh hstb, `ˆƒ icvõfv nfLfvB njt mcntmfbslv ubA.' (tfk¶fdqIct




mfzfdvI 315ix}) pdl sj… pctrsÏv iaKm kfvDJ sKsj svfpf vfJsk n[m bf rq kfrst z§Àk}is[ kfsj ˆ mfsnv 9m kfvDsJ svfpf vfJsk zhwAƒ syóf jvf …dyk. spsrkc vnCt kfv Èv¢k¶ W IpDtskv …iv …©mksj dhswNHfsh zhdrk jsv svfpf vfJsk zbciafdBk jsvsYb. dkdb hstsYb, ªzfvfIfv dlb svfpf zkDk ˆj hYv W zfofmD ˆj hYsvv ifsiv iafqdÇyÙ jsv.« (mcndtm 1662bQ) iCshGƒ htf rsqsY sp, ˆƒ svfpf zfvfIfsk zh²¿fbvk rfuDoB vfJshb bf. jfvB ‰ dlb sJsq-ifb jsv wdÙÁ W lxPkfv nfsK shwD-shwD lczf-dpjXv jvfv dlb ˆhQ rfuDslv ubA ‰ mrf-nmfshswv dlb ˆj „slv dlb. kfƒ bhD ‰ dlsb zfvfIfsk svfpf vfJsk dbsNL jsvsYb ˆhQ dbsuW zfvfIfsk svfpf vfsJb db. (hcJfvD 1575, mcndtm 1123bQ, hfqrfjD 5/117, mcnbfl zfrmfl 2/304, rfsjm 1/434, zfhC lf†l 2419bQ) iCshG zfsvf ƒdÌk jvf rsqsY sp, zrfuDslvsj i]fy WqfsÙÁv ufmfzfkD bfmfspv iv dhswNHfsh kjhDv ifE jvsk rq ˆhQ kf 9ƒ pctrsÏv Iuv sKsj wcv¢ rsq 13ƒ pctrsÏv zfnsv nmfå rq. ƒhsb rfufv (v}) hstb, `ˆ nìsá bhD jkGxj sjfb rflDn iamfdBk sbƒ. ðÝHfsh pf iamfdBk kf rs¤Y zftD , ƒhsb mfn…l iaHxdk nfrfhfosBv …dÙÁ.' (Ifkùt hfvD 2/462)


ƒhsb jclfmfr hstb, `ƒmfm zfrmfl (v})sj duÎfnf jvf rt, `sjfb X rflDsnv dHdÙsk msb jsvb sp, zfvfIfv dlb Iusvv bfmfspv iv sKsj kfwvDsjv swN dlb (13ƒ pctrÏ) ipG§À kjhDv ifE jvsk rq?' dkdb htstb, `rpvk …mfv, zftD, ƒhsb zfêfn W ƒhsb mfn†l (nfrfhfosBv) nhGn©mdkÛÁsm.' (mcobD 3/289, ƒvWqf…t oftDt 3/125) ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr (v}) ˆƒ kjhDv ifEsj ndEj hst nmKGb jsvb ˆhQ hstb, `zdLjfQw ntI, Icjfrfsq nfrfhf ˆhQ ƒmfmosBvW …dÙÁ ˆefƒ.' (IfkfWqf ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 24/220,222) ƒhsb jfNDv (v}) hstb, `ˆefƒ iadnÝ …dÙÁ ˆhQ ˆv …isvƒ (njstv) zfmt.' (kInDv ƒhsb jfNDv 1/358) bfmfspv iv pdl sj… ‰ kjhDv ˆjhfv mfÛ ifE jsv kfrstƒ psKó. zhwA dkbhfv iVfƒ …Ùm. nckvfQ mcndtmoB „slv dlb W kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtsk kjhDv ifsEv …iv nfbcvfo msbfspfo slsh. mdrtfvf hfdVsk bfmfspv iv zKhf mndusl ufmfzfsk …id²¿k rst ufmfzfskv iv ycsi ycsi kjhDv ifE jvsh. ƒmfm hcJfvD (v}) hstb, `mfqmCbfr (vf}) jcvhfbDv „slv dlb kjhDv iVskb ˆhQ mdrtfvf zfhfb dhb …Nmfb W …mfv dhb zfèct zfpDspv iÇyfsk kfwvDsjv vfdÛnmCsr icv¢Nslv nfsK mndusl kjhDv ifE jvk.'




ltDstv nrufsKG ˆƒ jKfƒ iajfw ifq sp, oxrhfnD W iKyfvD, ufmfzfsk W ˆjfjD, zflfq W jfpf, Ivp W bIt bfmfspv isv ifE jvsk ifsv. zhwA ˆ dhNsq …tfmfosBv msLA mkf§Àv vsqsY. ksh rfsIp ƒhsb rfufv (v}) hstb, `ƒmfm hcJfvDv hfdrAj ˆJdkqfsv hcUf pfq sp, (kjhDv …isvfÙÁ) njt mfbcN W bfmfspƒ wfdmt rsh ˆhQ dkdb sp nm²À hBGbf siw jsvsYb kf ‰ jKfv nmKGb jsv.' (Ifkùt hfvD 2/457) zbcv™iHfsh mnhcj (sp ƒmfsmv disY djYc vfjzfk ifqdb sn)W hfjD bfmfp zflfq jsv kjhDv ifE jvsh. spsrkc kjhDv nftfm sIvfv iv ˆj dhsLq dpj Xv. zïfù zf'tfm.

jjjcc cvvvhhhfffbbbDDDvvv dddlllsssbbbvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk jcvhfbDv dlb ˆj mrfb dlb. ˆƒ dlbsj `rsÏ zfjhfv' ˆv dlb htf rq. (zfhC lf†l 5/420, ƒhsb mfufr 2/1016) ˆƒ dlb nfvf hYsvv swaôkm dlb. bhD hstb, `zfïfrv dbje mrfbkm dlb jcvhfbDv dlb. zk}iv d²¿vkfv (jcvhfbDv isvv) dlb. (zfhC lf†l 5/174, dmwjfk 2/810) jcvhfbDv „l hf „lct zfprf, svfpfv „l hf „lct dIkv zsi[f …Ùm. jfvB, „lct zfprfsk bfmfp W jcvhfbD zfsY. dj§ Â „lct dIksv zfsY bfmfp W nljfr. zfv jcvhfbD nljfr zsi[f …Ùm. zfhfv jcvhfbDv dlsb rfuDslv ubA ²¿fb W


jfstv mfrfk¹A W idhÛkf ˆjdÛk rq. spsrkc ‰ nmq idhÛ jfhfoxsrv rÏ rq. zfv pfv iCshG zfvfIfv dlb W isv kfwvDsjv dkb dlb. zfv ˆƒ dlbÈdtv iaskAjefƒ rfuDslv ubA „l. (tfkfsqIct mfzfdvI 318ix})

kkkfffwwwvvvDDDsssjjjvvv dddlllbbbnnnmmmCC C sssrrrvvv IIIpppDDDtttkkk 11,12,13ƒ pctrÏsj `zfƒqAfsm kfwvDj' htf rq. kfwvDsjv zKG rt, svZsû sofñX ðjfsbf. spsrkc ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk jcvhfbDv sofñX shwD dlb vfJfv ubA svZsû ðjfsbf rk, kfƒ …ÙÁ dlbÈdtv ˆƒ bfmjvB rq. ˆ dlbÈdtW swaô W IpDtkiCBG dlbnmCsrv zbAkm; sp mrfb jft-nmsq zfïfr ifj k]fv dpjXv jvsk zfslw jsvsYb. (jc} 2/203) ƒhsb zfêfn hstb, `zfƒqAfsm mf'tCmfk' (dhdlk dlbnmCr) hst …sÜwA rt, (pctrsÏv) lw dlb ˆhQ `zfƒqAfsm mf'lClfk' (dbdlGó nQJAj dlbnmCr) hst …sÜwA rt, kfwvDsjv (jcvhfbD „slv isvv dkb) dlbnmCr. zfv ˆƒ hAfJAf zdLjfQsw …tfmfv. (Ifkùt hfvD 2/458, tfkfdqIct mfzfdvI 329ix}) mcIfn Xdnv jcvkchD hstb, `…tfmfslv msLA sjfb mksHl sbƒ sp, `zfƒqAfsm mf'lClfk' ˆv …sÜwA dmbfv dlbnmCr ˆhQ kfƒ kfwvDsjv dlb. zfv ˆƒ dkbde bfm ‰ dlbÈdtv ubAƒ hAhrfv




jvf rsqsY.' dkdb zfsvf hstb, `ˆƒ zfqfsk dpjXv jvfv zfslw dbsq rfuD-zrfuD dbdhGswsN njtsjƒ nsìfLb jvf rsqsY. zfv dhswN jsv bfmfpnmCsrv nmsq bfmfpDsj - ˆjfjD srfj zKhf ufmfzfsk- dpj Xv jvsk dbslGw slWqf rsqsY. ˆ jKfv …iv nfrfhf W kfshqDbslv iadnÝ IjDroB ˆjmk.' (kInDv jcvkchD 3/1,3) vnCt hstsYb, ªkfwvDsjv dlbÈdt ifb-sHfusbv W dpjXv jvfv dlb.« (mcndtm 1141bQ) dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, (spmb iCshG …sïdJk rsqsY) ªzfvfIfr, jcvhfbD W kfwvDsjv dlbnmCr zfrst ƒntfm, zfmfslv „l.« zfv ªzfïfrv dbje nhGmrfb dlb jcvhfbDv dlb. zk}iv kfwvDsjv („slv däkDq) dlb.« zfƒqAfsm kfwvDj swaôk¶iCBG dlb. spsrkc ˆ dlbÈdt pctrsÏv iaKm lw dlsbv nQtsoƒ isV; pfv IpDtk ˆƒ icd²Àjfv iafvs©H zfstfdyk rsqsY. i[f§Àsv ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk rsÏv djYc zfmt isV, spmb vm Xƒ, kWqfI ƒkAfdl. pfsk mCt swaôsk¶ ‰ dlbÈdtv nfsK dmdtk rq. spmb kjhDv dhsLq rWqfv hAfifsv lcƒ iajfsvv dlbÈdtƒ n©ixÙÁ. …ipGcÙÁ rflDn rsk hcUf pfq sp, kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtW ifb-sHfusbv dlb. zfb¦l W JcwD jvfv, zfk¹Dq-öubsj nf[f{ jvfv ˆhQ há c-hfáh dmst ItianC ShEj jvfv dlb. ˆƒ


dlbÈdtsk zdLjv™si …Ùm ifbfrfv; dhswN jsv mfQn hAhrfv jvf lCNbDq bq. ksh kfsk spb sjfb iajfsvv ziyq, bó W zfïfrv dbqfmskv iadk zhÎf iajfw jvf bf rq. ˆƒ dlbÈdt zfïfrsj dhswNHfsh n¹vB W kfv dpj Xv jvfv dlb. ˆƒ dpj Xv rsh dhdhL iajfsvv}- 1. iadk Ivp bfmfspv iv kjhDv ifE. pf kfwvDsjv swN dlsbv zfnv ipG§À iVsk rq. zhwA zsbj …tfmfoB msb jsvb sp, kjhDv sjht bfmfspv isvƒ ncdbdlGó bq. hvQ ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk sp sjfb nmq nhGlf iVfƒ …Ùm. zdHmkde zhwAƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ. spsrkc zfïfr kfzftf ˆƒ dlbÈdtsj dpj Xv äfvf dhdwó jsvsYb. dj§ Â kfsk sjfb dbLGfdvk nmq dbdlGó jsvb db. dkdb hstb, ªˆhQ dbdlGó nQJAj dlbÈdtsk zfïfrv dpjXv jv.« (jc} 2/203) zfv ˆƒ zfslw rfuD-zrfuD njstv ubA nfLfvB. klbcv™i vnCt W hstb, ªˆƒ dlbÈdt zfïfrv dpjXv jvfv dlb.« zkˆh ˆƒ dbslGw iftb ±ióHfsh kJbƒ n©Hh rq pJb kjhDvfdl nhGfh²¿fq (sp zh²¿fq zfïfrv dpjXv jvf yst) ifE jvf rq. spmb, bfmfspv isv, mndusl, hfdVsk, isK, mfsE ƒkAfdlsk. (bfƒtct zfWkfv 3/358) 2. jcvhfbD pshr jvfv nmq kfndmqfr W kfjhDv ifE. 3. ifb W sHfusbv iv dpj Xv W lczf. spsrkc dlbÈdt zdLj




v™si JfWqf W ifb jvfv dlb, pfsk iCshG zfïfrv bfm W isv kfv iawQnf jvfq dpj Xv rq. 4. (rfuDslv ubA) vm Xƒ dumfv jvfv nmq kjhDv ifE. nckvfQ mcndtmsj ofItdk sKsj nkjG rWqf …dyk. kfv …dyk, ˆƒ nmqÈdtsk zfïfrv dpjXv W sbj zfmt äfvf zfhfl jvf. bsy{ zfïfr-sHftf mfbcNslv mk Iftkc shwD shwD vfdÛ suso sjfb dhtfn W iasmfl ps§ Ãv n©mcsJ hsn ðj Xdvqfv idvhskG ifi jvf zfslZ …dyk bq. zdLj sJsq-ifb jsv zfïfrv dpjXv W ƒhflsk nfrfpA sbWqfq k]fv dbqfmskv ˆj iajfv ðjdvqf zflfq jvf rq. dj§ Â zfïfrv slWqf dbqfmk äfvf …lviCdkG jsv kfv zhfLAfyvB W ifijfsu nfrfpA sbWqfq k]fv zjxkÎkf jvf rq. zfv k]fv slWqf n©ilsj zöDjfv jvst ˆhQ k]fv jxkOkf jvst jJsbf kf dYdbsq sbWqf rq. i[f§Àsv jxkÎkf Îfib jvst n©il zdLjv™si hLGmfb rsk Kfsj. spsrkc kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtsjW „l htf rsqsY, kfƒ kfsk sjfb iajfsvv svfpf iftb jvf ðÝ bq. jfsvf zHAfnmk pdlW ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk svfpf isV, khcW kfv ivhkDG sjfb dlsb svsJ sbsh ˆhQ ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk Jfb-ifsbv mfLAsm zfïfrv dpjXv jvsh. (tfkfdqIct mfzfdvI 333ix}) zhwA sp kfmfÙc rsÏv rfuD jcvhfbD dlsk n[m bf rq, sn


ˆƒ dlbÈdtsk dkbde svfpf iftb jvsh djbf kf dbsq mkf§Àv zfsY. zsbsj hstb, `sjht ‰ rfuD svfpf vfJsh. jfvB zfïfr hstb, ªzkˆh sp hAdÙÁ (jcvhfbD) bf ifq sn rsÏ dkbde svfpf (iftb jvsh). (jc} 2/196) zfv `rsÏ' htsk jcvhfbDv iCshGv W isvv dlbsjW hcUfq.' iv§ Â rpvk ƒhsb …mfv ˆhQ rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) rsk hdBGk, k]fvf hstb, `jcvhfbD dlsk z[m ˆmb hAdÙÁ YfVf zfv jfsvf ubA kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtsk svfpf vfJfv zbcmdk sbƒ.' (hcJfvD 1898, Ifkùt hfvD 4/243, bfƒtct zfWkfv 4/294) kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtskW jcvhfbD pshr jvf pfq. kfƒ nhGsmfe yfv dlb jcvhfbD ShL. spsrkc kfwvDsjv dlb, jcvhfbDv isvv dkb dlbsj htf rq. (kfInDv ƒhsb jfNDv 5/412, zft-mcmsk 7/499) zfv bhD hstb, ªkfwvDsjv nm²À dlbÈdtskƒ pshr jvf pfq.« (zfrmfl 4/82, hfƒrfjD 9/295, dntdntfr nrDrfr 5/617) spmb dlsbv shtfq ncspfo bf rst vfskW jcvhfbD pshr jvf pfq. (zft-mcmsk 7/503) vfsk jcvhfbD pshr jvfv hAfifsv rflDn nrDr bq. (mfpf} 4/23) zfv bfmfspv dbdNÝ nmqÈstfsk jcvhfbD pshr jvf dbdNÝ bq.




iiidddvvvdddwwwóóó

rrrÏÏÏ nnn©©©iiidddjjjGG Gkkk dddjjjYYYcc c IIIssskkkfffqqqfff ‡B jsv rÏ jvf pfq, pdl idvswfL jvfv nru …ifq Kfsj (zKhf ‡sBv kfoflf bf Kfsj) ksh. zbAKf ‡B jsv rÏ bf jvfƒ Hfstf. jfvB n©Hhk} ‡B jvfv isv idvswfL jvfv nfmKGA bfW rsk ifsv. svfofÛÁf§À hf mxkcA-jhdtk rst idvswfL bfW rsk ifsv. zkˆh iCBG nfmKGAhfb rWqf ipG§À zsi[f jvfƒ swaq}. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/675) nvjfvsj sLfjf dlsq uft bfm W ifwsifeG dbsq rÏ jvst rÏ rsq pfsh, ksh sLfjf slWqfv ubA sofbfrofv rsk rsh. (‰ 2/675) hùdlb n†dlqfq sKsj Ycdev nmq rÏ rst ˆhQ idvhfv-idvub rÏ bf jsv hfdV dIvsk zfslw jvst ˆhQ rÏ jvfsk kfslv n©mdk bf rst, pdl Ivp rÏ rq ksh kfslv jKf bf smsb rÏ jvsh, zk}iv hfdV dIvsh. bIt rst kfslv mb JcwD jvfv ubA rÏ bf jsv hfdV dIvsh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/67)


² ÃD rÏ jvsk yfƒst ˆhQ öfmD kfsk hfLf dlst öfmDv jKf bf smsb sjfb mfrvfsmv nfsK zhwAƒ rÏ jvsh. ˆ s[sÛ öfmDv hfLf mfbst kfsj sofbfrofv rsq mvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/184) …sVf djQhf ifdb-ufrfsu rÏ hf …mvfq ˆst dbdlGó mDjfk hvfvhv ufqofq zfnfv iCshG (ufrfsuv jmGDslv ƒdÌk sist) ƒrvfm h]fLsk rsh. zhwA yVfv iCshG ˆqfvsifeG sKsj sofntfdl snsv jfiV isv ˆJfsb sjht dbqk jvf Hfstf. duÜf sKsj ƒrvfm h]fLf psKó bq. dhbf ƒrvfsm duÜfq bfmst dbdlGó mDjfsk dIsv dosq ƒrvfm h]fLsk rsh. duÜf sKsj ƒrvfm sh]sL …mvfr jsv Kfjst lm (ˆjde Yfot zKhf sH]Vf zKhf nfk Hfsov ˆj Hfo ov¢ hf …]e) tfosh; pf mÄfq pshr jsv mÄfv IjDvslv mfsU h¦eb jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 34ix}) zhwA pdl sj… bf susb sjfb zfstmsj duÎfnf jsv `duÜf sKsj ƒrvfm h]fLf rsh' ˆƒ Iskfqf dbsq duÜf sKsj ƒrvfm sh]sL rÏ …mvfr jsv sIst, ksh kfv …iv lm sbƒ. jfvB, sn kfv Wqfsuh iftb jsvsY. zfv ‰ Hcstv mfnCt ‰ mcIkDv OfsV. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/569) nIsvv ðv¢skƒ mlDbf pfWqfv dbqk Kfjst isK mDjfsk ƒrvfm bf sh]sL mlDbfv dpqfvskv iv mlDbf sKsj ƒrvfm sh]sL mÄf ˆsn rÏ-…mvfr jvf ytsh.




dbdlGó mDjfskv iCshGW ƒrvfm h]fLf yst. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 12ix}) zhwA dbdlGó mDjfk rskƒ ƒrvfm h]fLf …Ùm. rÏ W …mvfv dbqk bf Kfjst mÄf iashswv ubA ƒrvfm h]fLsk rsh bf. dj§ Â mÄfq sjfb zfk¹Dq hf há cv hfdV hf hAhnfv ubA zfnfv iv …mvfr jvfv ƒ¤Yf rst rfvfm-nDmfv hfƒsv shv rsq ƒrvfm sh]sL …mvfr jvsh. rÏ jvfv ƒ¤Yf rst ‰ hfn²¿fb sKsjƒ rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fLsh. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 22ix}) dmbfq Kfjst dmbf sKsjƒ rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fLsh. (‰ 26ix}) iChG sKsjƒ rÏ hf …mvfv …sÜswA dhbf ƒrvfsm mDjfskv nDmf zdkÛÁm jsv nDmfv dHksv sjfb wrsv zfk¹Dq-hfdVsk sKsj snJfb sKsjƒ ƒrvfm hf rÏ jvst lm tfosh. bsy{ mDjfsk dIsv dosq ƒrvfm sh]sL zfnsh. zhwA mDjfk zdkÛÁm jvfv nmq rÏ hf …mvfv dbqk bf Kfjst ˆhQ isv zfk¹Dq-hfdVsk ‰ dbqk rst ˆ hfdV sKsjƒ ƒrvfm h]fLsk ifsv. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 19/169) ƒrvfm h]fLfv iv sjfb jfvBhwk} rÏ (hf …mvfr) nfvsk bf ifvst pKf²¿fsb ˆjde jcvhfbD jsv mfKfv sjw mcàb hf jkGb jsv rftft rsq hfdV dIvsh. zhwA ƒrvfsmv nmq wkG tfdosq Kfjst kfv …iv djYc Wqfsuh bq. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 14/138) kfmfÙc rsÏv dbqsk …mvfrv ƒrvfm sh]sL …mvfr snsv


rsÏv ƒrvfm h]fLfv iCshG pdl sjfb jfvBhwk} hfdV dIvsk rq hf rÏ jvf bf rq, kfrst kfv …ivW djYc Wqfsuh rsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/210) …mvfv ƒrvfm sh]sL sj… zjfvsB …mvfr bf jsv dIsv dosq susb-ðsb ƒrvfm Jcst sItst 1de jcvhfbD jvsh, zKhf dkb dlb svfpf iftb jvsh zKhf Yqde dmnjDb (db}ö)sj mfKf diYc zLG nf' (nWqf ˆj djstf) jsv JflA (yft) nljfr jvsh. (zfv ˆƒ JflA hf mfQn rfvfm wvDsIv dmnjDbslv mfsU h¦eb jvsk rsh.) ² ÃD-nrhfn jvst lm tfosh ˆhQ mÄf dIsv ˆsn …mvfr zhwAƒ icvf jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/300) kfmfÙcv …mvfr jvfv iv mlDbfv dpqfvsk sost zKhf sjfb iasqfusb mDjfskv hfƒsv sost icbvfq rsÏv ubA zfnfv nmq mDjfk sKsj ƒrvfm h]fLf uv¢vD. ˆƒ ƒrvfsm zfsvf ˆjde …mvfW jvsk ifsv. dj¶vfb hf kfmfÙc rsÏv dbqk jsv ƒrvfm sh]sL icbvfq ƒIvfslv dbqk rq bf. spmb rsÏv mfsn …mvfr snsv mlDbf hf sjfb (öoxr YfVf) nIsv sost rsÏv nmq dIsv ˆsn ƒIvfl rq bf. zhwA dj¶vfsbv dbqk jsv kfmfÙcv dbqk jvf pfq. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 36ix}) dbsuv bfsm rsÏv hf …mvfv dbqk jsv ƒrvfm sh]sL mDjfk ifv rsq isv zsbAv bfsm idvhkGb jvf pfq bf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb




…nfƒmDb 2/676) nfmKGA Kfjf nsÙ¶W jcvhfbD slWqfv Hsq ƒIvfslv ƒrvfm sh]sL rÏ snsv icbvfq kfb„m-ˆ dosq …mvfrv ƒrvfm sh]sL …mvfr jvf wvDqskv dbslGw W dbqsmv idvi§ ¿D ˆhQ ˆmb jvf wvDqskv nfsK Yt-hfrfbf jvfv bfmf§Àv. (rfÏfkcâfhD, zfthfbD 20ix}) mDjfsk sofnt jvf ncâfsk mczfÄflfr. hfnf sKsjW sofnt jvf yst. siwfh Uvfv svfo Kfjst ƒrvfsmv sjfb [dk rq bf. bfmfp W kWqfsIv iCshG ƒs²Àbuf jsv Wpc uv¢vD. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 24ix}) kftdhqfr iVsk Hcst sost sjfb [dk rq bf. jfvB kf ncâk. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 17ix}) ƒrvfm zh²¿fq zdb¤YfjxkHfsh dhVft smsv sItst djYc Wqfsuh bq. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/676) …mvfr jvsk dosq iCshGƒ mdrtfv mfdnj ðv¢ rsq sost idhÛkfv zsi[f jvsh. nIv jvf uv¢vD rst ƒrvfm zh²¿fq sKsj nIv jsv icbvfq dIsv ˆsn …mvfr zflfq jvsh. dj§ Â hdrslGswv rst Jvy, dHnf ƒkAfdlv Ufsmtf sKsj h]fysk …mvfr jsv dbsk ifvsh. zKGf{, dHnf swN rWqfv Hq Kfjst tÏf²¿fsb ide sh]sL dbsq kWqfI W nf„ jsv ycstv Fof sjse …mvfr n©iâ jsv rftft rsq pfsh. spsrkc ‰ nmq kWqfI


jvf kfv ubA uv¢vD iasqfub. zfv zdk iasqfub W zncdhLfv s[sÛ dbdNÝ dudbN ShL rsq pfq. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/643) ksh rsÏv …mvfr rst rsÏv jfu nfvfv iv …mvfr jsv sbsh. zbcv™i kWqfsI ƒIfpfv iCshG mfdnj ðv¢ rst kWqfI W nf„ YfVf rsÏv nh djYcƒ jvsh. zk}iv nIv jvfv zfso idhÛf bf rst ˆhQ nIv uv¢vD rst nIv jvsh. dj§ Â hfdVsk ‰ ƒrvfm zh²¿fskƒ Kfjsh. ncodá ƒkAfdl hAhrfv jvsh bf. öfmDv nfsK sjfb iajfv spZbfyfsv dtå rsh bf. zk}iv idhÛf rst mÄfq dIsv ˆsn kWqfI W nf„ jvsh. pdl dIsv zfnf zn©Hh rq kfrst mfdnj há jvfv ƒsÓjwb (hf eAfhste) hAhrfv jvsh. kf n©Hh bf rst tÏf² ¿fsb ide sh]sL kWqfI jsv sbsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/237) kWqfI W nf„ jvfv iv icbvfq Jcb slJst, pdl kf nkAƒ mfdnsjv Jcb rq ksh icbvfq kWqfI W nf„ jvsk rsh. spsrkc zidhÛkfv jfvsB iCshGv kWqfI-zfdl hfdkt rsq pfsh. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/647) kWqfsI ƒIfpfr jvf jftDb nmsq sjfb mdrtfv mfdnj ðv¢ rst kWqfI sYsV mnduslv hfƒsv yst pfsh. dj§ Â tÏfq htsk bf sisv sj… pdl snƒ zh²¿fskƒ kWqfI-zfdl snsv hfdV dIsv iajfw jsv kfrst kfv öfmD hf zdHHfhsjv …dyk, kfsj icbvfq mÄfq dbsq ˆsn kWqfI (ˆhQ nf„ uv¢vD Kfjst




nf„) jvfsbf. ˆv msLA pdl sn ncodá ƒkAfdl hAhrfv jsv Kfsj kfrst 3de svfpf vfJsh zKhf 6de dmnjDbsj (nWqf 1djstf jsv yft) JflA lfb jvsh zKhf 1de Yfot hf sH]Vf jcvhfbD dlsk rsh. öfmD-nrhfn jsv Kfjst mÄfq 1de jcvhfbD dlsq kfv sofñX rfvfsmv IjDvslv mfsU dhkvB jvsh. zfv ˆmb mdrtfsj …ÙÁ jfsuv ubA zhwAƒ kWhf jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/238) kWqfsIv iv nf„ jvfv iCshG mfdnj ðv¢ rst nf„ snsv sbsh. jfvB, nf„v ubA idhÛkf wkG W uv¢vD bq ˆhQ nf„v ²¿fbW mnduslv msLA oBA bq. kfƒ sn snJfsb zh² ¿fb W zsi[fW jvsk ifsv. (‰ 2/239) ˆ nh Ufsmtfv rfk sKsj h]fyfv ubA mdrtf mfdnj zfnfv nmq hcsU mfdnj há vfJfv eAfhste ƒkAfdl hAhrfv jvsk ifsv. (‰ 2/185) ƒIvfslv dbqk rst kWqfsI jclCm bf jvsk ifvstW sjfb [dk sbƒ. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/251) sjht rsÏv kWqfIƒ psKó. ˆ s[sÛ sn nvfndv dmbfq spsk ifsv. kWqfI jvsk jvsk Wpc bó rst kWqfI sYsV Wpc jsv icbvfq bkcb jsv kWqfI jvsk rsh. kWqfsI bfvDslr ±iwG rst pdl tÏf²¿fsb sjfb kvt ilfKG zbcHCk bf rq, kfrst sjfb [dk rsh bf. zhwA njstv


…dyk, shofbf bfvDv ±iwG sKsj lCsv Kfjsk syóf jvf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/613) kWqfI W nf„v ubA pdl sj… jf…sj hrb jsv ksh hfrsjv ubAW kf psKó rsh. hfrjsj zfv bkcb jsv ixKjHfsh kWqfI W nf„ jvsk rsh bf. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 23/95) kWqfsIv iv 2 vfjzfk bfmfp ncâk. sj… Hcst kf bf iVst sjfb [dk rq bf. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 40ix}) kWqfI jvfjfst uv¢vD jKfhfkGf htf lCNBDq bq. rfufsv zfnWqfl ycìb jvf ncâk. kf ycmsk dosq tVfƒ jvf hf jf…sj OcN slWqf mrfifi. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/17) dH]sVv jfvsB däkDq hf kxkDq ktfq …sE kWqfI W nf„ jvf pfq. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 1/194) jfvBhwk} kWqfsIv 2/3 dlb ivW nf„ jvsk ifvf pfq. spsrkc kf kWqfsIv ivivƒ jvf sjfb wkG bq. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/252) rsÏv kWqfsIv zfso nf„ jsv sbWqf pfq. zhwA …Ùm rt, kWqfsIv ivƒ nf„ jvf. ksh …mvfv kWqfsIv iCshG nf„ jvf pfq bf; jvst kWqfsIv iv icbvfq nf„ jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/622, 624) nf„v ˆj yÄv Ycse sost ˆhQ hù isv msb iVst zKhf




ncspfo rst icbvfq bkcbHfsh 7 yÄv nf„ jvsh. (‰ 2/623) rftft rsq nIv jsv Kfjst msb iVf mfÛ icbvfq ƒrvfm sh]sL mÄfq ˆsn bkcbHfsh nf„ jsv yct jfesh. (‰ 2/628) bf susb dEj kWqfsIv mk nf„W 7 yÄv (zKGf{ 14 hfv pfkfqfk) jsv KfjstW 7 hfvƒ oBA rsh ˆhQ zufs§À hfVdk jvfq sjfb [dk rsh bf. (‰ 2/626) nfIfv idvhskG mfvWqf sKsj nf„ ðv¢ jvst nf„ rsh bf. icbvfq nfIf sKsj ðv¢ jsv nf„ jvsk rsh. (‰ 2/628) pct rsÏv 8 kfvDsJ i]fy WqfÙÁ bfmfp bf iVst ˆhQ dmbfq vfdÛ hfn bf jvst sjfb [dk rq bf. zhwA kf ncâk. mkf§Àsv Wqfsuh. (mfbfdnjct rfÏ, zfthfbD 7ix}) zfvfIfv mqlfsb rfk kcst lczf jvf pfq. ufmfzfskv ˆjub lczf W hfjD `zfmDb-zfmDb' jvstW slfN sbƒ. ksh ˆjfjD lczfƒ ˆJfsb wvDqk-n©mk W …Ùm. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/267-268, zft-mcmsk 7/329-330) zfvIfv nDmf sKsj nCpG sFfhfv iCshGƒ shv rsq ˆst dIlXqAfr tfosh; pf mÄfq pshr jsv snJfbjfv ovDhslv mfsU dhkvB jvsk rsh. slsw dIsv sost ˆhQ icbvfq mÄfq pfWqf n©Hh bf rst mÄfv mcnfdIv hf idvdyk jf…sj ˆ lfdqk¶Hfv nmiGB jvsh. sj… bf Kfjst slswƒ pshr jsv sofñX ovDhslv mfsU h¦eb jsv slsh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 6/254, IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/264)


mcplfdtIfq vfdÛhfn Wqfsuh. kAfo jvst lm tfosh. mcplfdtIfq Iusvv bfmfp sist snecjcƒ psKó. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/271) zfvfIf sKsj mcplfdtIf zfnsk zfnsk pdl zLGvfdÛ ifv rWqfv zfwËf Kfsj ksh mfodvh-ˆwfv bfmfp ytfv isK mcplfdtIfv hfƒsv rstW isV sbsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/270) mfwzfv¢t rfvfsm dosq lczf jvf Wqfsuh bq; jvf Hfstf. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/271) mcplfdtIfv nDmfbfq iashw bf jvsk ifvst snJfsb vfdÛhfn mfI rsq pfsh ˆhQ lm tfosh bf. (‰) ˆJfb sKsj mczfdïsmv hfn zLGvfdÛv iCshG kfVfùVf jsv yst spsk yfƒst hfn sYsV ifsq sr]se Iusvv iv dmbfq pfsh. rfdvsq pfWqfv Hq Kfjst hfsnƒ pfsh. hfLA rWqfv jfvsBƒ kfv …iv lm Wqfsuh rsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/600) ˆ ²¿fb rsk zLGvfdÛv iv dmbf pfWqf pfq. ksh y¦û z²À pfWqf ipG§À zsi[f jvf …Ùm. zfv ˆ ðLc lchGt swaBDv mfbcN (W kfslv nrspfoD nÌD)slv ubA. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/272) zLGvfdÛv iv ˆƒ swaBDv mfbcNvf ufmvfsq zfj¶fhfq ifKv smsv mÄfq rsÏv kWqfIW jvsk ifsv. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/86) ksh zLGvfdÛv iCshG vm Xƒ W kWqfI jvst kf ðÝ rsh bf. jsv sItst icbvfq jvsk rsh. bsy{ vm Xƒv ubA mÄfq lm slsh ˆhQ kWqfI pct rsÏv hf mcrfvGfsmv swsN zKhf pJb Hct hcUsk ifvsh kJbƒ mÄf ˆsn




iCBG jvsh. bsy{ rÏ rsh bf. kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr nIv jvf ipG§À didYsq vfJf pfq. dH]sVv Hsq pct rsÏv swsNv dlsjW jvf pfq. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/624) hvQ ndEj Wpv Kfjst pct rÏ mfsnv isvW jvsk ifsv. (‰ 640) kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fv iCshG sj… mfvf sost kfv kvI sKsj kWqfI iCBG jvsk rsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/612) kWqfI W nf„ jvsk jvsk ShL jKf htf, ifdb ifb jvf, j ¾f§À rsq iVst ˆjec zfvfm sbWqf ShL. (‰ 2/620) ifKv smsv sjw mcàb jvfv iv kWqfsI ƒIfp¶frv iCshG ²ÃD-ycìb hf zfdtÌsbv Ist hDpGifk jvst kWhf nr lm tfosh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/74) iaKm rftfstv iCshG pdl sj… ²ÃD-nrhfn jsv sIst ksh kfv rÏ hfdkt rsq pfsh. zhwA hfjD rsÏv jfu kfsj iCvB jvsk rsh ˆhQ jfI XIfvf öv™i ˆjde …]e jcvhfbD dlsq kfv sofñX mÄfv dmnjDbslv mfsU dhkvB jvsk rsh. zfv ‰ hfdkt rÏ bIt rstW kfsj zfofmDsk bkcbHfsh iftb jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/272) öislfsN hDpGifk Oest rÏ hf …mvfv sjfb [dk rq bf. (‰ 2/233-234) kWqfsI ƒIfp¶fr hf nf„ sj… jvsk n[m bf rst zbA sj…


kfv bfsqh rsq jsv dlsk ifsv bf. Jfe hf sEtf ofdVsk hsn zKhf jfsvf j]fsL hf disE ysV kfsj dbsu jvsk rsh. pdl n©Hh bf rq ksh svfo hf lchGtkf lCv rWqf ipG§À zsi[f jvsh ˆhQ ƒrvfm Jctsh bf. pdl zfsvfsoAv zfwf bf Kfsj ksh ˆjde Yfot hf sH]Vf pshr jsv kfv sofñX mÄfv ovDhslv mfsU dhkvB jsv rftft rsq pfsh ˆhQ rÏ zfofmDsk jfpf jvsh. (‰ 2/243) sjfb jfvBhwk} rsÏv jcvhfbD dlsk bf ifvst 10de svfpf vfJsh. 3de rsÏ, zfvfIfv dlsbv iCshG svsJ sbsh ˆhQ hfjD 7de slsw dIsv vfJsh. zfvfIfv dlb svfpf vfJsh bf. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 38ix}) rsÏv msLA ‰ 3de svfpf kfwvDsjv dlbÈdtsk 11, 12, 13 kfvDsJW vfJsk ifsv. zfv ˆef ‰ dlbÈdtsk svfpf vfJf dbdNÝ zfƒsbv hAdkÛÁm. ksh zfvfIfv dlsbv iCshGƒ svfpf svsJ sbWqf …Ùm; pdl kfv iChG sKsjƒ ufbf Kfsj sp, sn jcvhfbD dlsk ifvsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/295-296) mÄfhfnD rfuDslv ubA ‰ jcvhfbD sbƒ. 13 kfvDsJv nCpG z²À sost zfv jcvhfbD dnÝ rsh bf. (‰ 2/296) zkˆh 3de svfpf svsJ kfwvDsjv dlbnmCr zdkhfdrk jsv icbvfq jcvhfbD dlsk yfƒst zfv rsh bf. hfjD svfpf slsw iCBG jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/660) jcvhfbD dmbfskƒ pshr jvf uv¢vD bq. mÄfv rfvfsmv nDmfv




dHksv sp sjfb ²¿fsb jcvhfbD pshr jvf pfq. rfvfsmv nDmfv hfƒsv rsÏv jcvhfbD dnÝ rsh bf; pdlW kfv sofñX rfvfsmv dHksv dhkvB jvf rq. jcvhfbD pshr jsv n©iCBG sIst slWqf ShL bq. hvQ kfv djYc JfWqf W lfb jvf jkGhA. jcvhfbD jvsk Hcst dosq slsw dIvst jcvhfbD nk¶v mÄfq ifEfsk rsh. yct jfesk Hcst dosq nIv jvfv iv n¹vB rst, n¹vB rWqf mfÛ (icv¢N rst ˆhQ ƒrvfsmv jfiV Jcst sItst) ƒrvfsmv jfiV ivsh ˆhQ rÏ icvf jvfv dbqsk yct sjse sbsh. zk}iv pdl ˆv iCshG mÄfq ²ÃD-nrhfn jsv Kfsj ksh mÄfq 1de (Yfot hf sH]Vf, bsy{ …]e hf ov¢v 7 Hfsov 1 Hfo) lm tfosh. zfv sn sofñX snJfbjfv ovDhslv mfsU dhkvB jvsk rsh. ksh pdl nrhfn mÄfv hfƒsv sjfKfW rq ksh slswƒ ‰ dIlXqAfr pshr jsv slswv ovDhslv mfsU kfv sofñX dhkvB jvsk ifsv. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/67) klbcv™i sp hAdÙÁ bf susb mfKfv n©iCBG yct bf sY]se sjht ˆJfb-WJfb sKsj djYc yct sjse rftft rsqsY sn hAdÙÁv ubAW dhLfb ˆƒ. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/634) kfwvDsjv vfdÛÈstf dmbfq pfib jvf uv¢vD. zhwA 12 kfvDsJv nCpGfs²Àv iCshG shv rsq sost 13 kfvDsJv vfdÛ pfib jvsk rq bf. dj§ Â pdl sj… 11 kfvDsJ dmbf kAfo jsv yst


pfq ksh kfsj dIlXqAfr dlsk rsh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/88) zhwA zncsJv jfvsB kAfo jvsk hfLA rst sjfb djYc Wqfsuh bq. zfïfr jf…sj kfv nfmsKGAv zdLj lfdqk¶ ziGB jsvb bf. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/276) vfdÛv zdLjfQw nmq dmbfq jfdesq hfjD nmq (zKhf nfvf dlb) zbA sjfKfW hf mfndulct rfvfsm jfefsbf pfq. kfsk sjfb [dk rq bf. (‰ 2/274) dmbfq Kfjfv ubA ufqof bf sist dmbfv nQto ifw¶GhkGD sjfb ufqofq dmbfq zh²¿fbjfvD zbAfbA rfuDslv ifwfifdw ²¿fb dbsq hfn jvsh. dmbfv nDmfbfv dHksv ufqof ifqdb hst mÄfq vfdÛpfib ShL rsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/604) spmb nfmKGA Kfjsk jm HfVf sisq dmbf sYsV mcplfdtIfq dJmf sbWqf ShL bq. dbv¢ifq rst vfdÛskW ifKv mfvf pfq. ˆj dlsbv ifKv iv dlsb smsv jfpf jvf pfq. (‰ 2/284) zhwA zfofmD jfstv ifKv zfu zfofm mfvf pfq bf. ifKv mfvsk n[m hAdÙÁ zivsj iadkdbdL jvsk ifsv bf; jsv Kfjst lm tfosh. pfsj iadkdbdL jvf rsh kfsj hkGmfsb rfuD rsk rsh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 14/140) iadkdbdL ifKv bf mfvf ipG§À dmbf kAfo jvf pfsh bf. nckvfQ 12 kfvDsJv njfst jf…sj ifKv mfvsk iadkdbdL dbpcÙÁ jsv dmbf kAfo jvf




ShL bq. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/240-242) kfwvDsjv (11, 12, W 13 kfvDsJv) dlbÈdtsk nCpG Ttfv zfso ifKv mfvf dnÝ W psKó bq. nCpG Ttfv iCshG ifKv smsv nIv jsv Kfjst mÄfq dIlXqAfr tfosh. klbcv™i 7de ifKvsjƒ ˆjƒ nsÌ Y]csV mfvst, sYfe ufmvfr sKsj ðv¢ bf jsv dhivDk dlsj hV ufmvfr sKsj ðv¢ jsv ifKv smsv KfjstW mÄfq lm tfosh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/285, 286) zhwA nmq Kfjsk jfpf jsv dbst lm tfosh bf. ifKv slWqfst tfof uv¢vD bq; uv¢vD rt rWsp iVf. rWsp bf iVst lm tfosh. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/635-636) spmb ifKv rWsp sIst dlst psKó bq; hvQ kf Y]csV smsv rWsp sItsk rsh. vm Xƒ swN rWqfv iCshG ifKv swN rsq sost rWp sKsj lCsv sjfb ufqof rsk ifKv jcdVsq ˆsb hfjD vm Xƒ iCBG jsv sbWqf pfsh. (‰ 236) iajfw Kfsj sp, vm Xƒv ifKv ifKvƒ rsk rsh. vk, mfde, dnsm¦e hf disyv sTtf rst kf dlsq vm Xƒ nrDr bq. (zft-mcmsk' 7/357) dmbfq vfdÛhfn W nm²À vm Xƒ kAfo jvst 1de mfÛ dIlXqAfr dlstƒ psKó rsh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 23/94) zhwA dIlXqAfr slWqfv iv icbvfq sjfb Wqfsuh kAfo jvst icbvfq


dIlXqAfr tfosh. ‡kcmkD mdrtfv ubA kWqfsI dhlf' mfI. lchGt W svfoD rfuDslvsj hrb jsv dhlfqD kWqfI jvfsk rsh. kAfo jvst lm tfosh. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 6/254, 14/137) kWqfsI dhlf'v ivivƒ mÄf kAfo jvsk rsh. hù slvD jsv sItst icbvfq kWqfI jvsk rsh. zhwA kWqfsIv iv djYc sjbf-jfef jvfq W nÌDslv zsi[fq djYc slvD rWqfq slfN sbƒ. (IfkfWqf mcdr©mfr 43ix}) nIsvv dlb mÄfq dosq dhlfqD kWqfI jsv icbvfq dmbfq ˆsn j]fjv smsv hfdV dIvf ShL bq. (ltDtct rfÏ û}) dhlfqD kWqfsIv iv bf susb HctÛÁsm nf„ jsv sItst sjfb djYc Wqfsuh rq bf. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/625) dhlfqjfst jfhfv mndul sKsj shv rWqfv nmq …¬ef ifsq shv rsq n©mfb ialwGb ˆhQ mnduslv lvufq dhswN dhlfqD lczf ifE wvDqk-n©mk bq. icv¢N mdrtfv kvI sKsj ˆhQ mdrtf icv¢sNv kvI sKsj rsÏ hlt jvsk ifsv. ksh ˆv ubA wkG ˆƒ sp, kfsj dbsuv rÏ zfso jsv Kfjsk rsh. ovDh nfmKGArDb dikf-mfkfv kvI sKsj rÏ jvf pfq. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/72-73) uDdhk zh²¿fq sj… ˆjfdLjhfv rÏ jsv mfvf sostW kfv kvI sKsj „nfst nWqfshv …sÜswA bIt rÏ jvf pfq. (‰




18/118) ˆjƒ nIsv dikfv bfsm …mvfr W mfkfv bfsm rÏ jvf pfq. (‰ 12/97) wdÙÁ W nfmKGA Kfjsk jfsvf äfvf rsÏ hlt jvfsbf ðÝ bq. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/650) mxk mf-hfsiv kvI sKsj bfsqh hfdbsq rÏ jvfsbf pfq. (‰ 2/651) rsÏ hlstv ubA Jvy dbsq shsV sost pdl slWqfv nmq mcWqfsÄt hst sp, `pf Jvy rq jsvf hf ˆƒ zKG sKsj Jvy jsvf' kfrst hfjD zKG sIv{ dlsk rsh. zbAKf pdl zKG slWqfv nmq hst sp, `ˆ zKG skfmfsj zfmfv bfsm rÏ jvfv ubA dltfm' kfrst sIv{ bf dlstW slfN sbƒ. (‰ 2/652) iajfw Kfsj sp, ˆj hYsv lcƒ usbv kvI sKsj rÏ jvf pfq bf. ˆjƒ nIsv hfvhfv …mvfr; ˆjhfv mfsqv ubA, däkDqhfv hfsiv ubA, kxkDqhfv lflDv ubA ˆhQ ˆƒHfsh zfv jfsvf ubA (hf dbsuv ubA) kfb„m sKsj zfnf-pfWqf jsv zflfq jvf dhdLn©mk bq. kfYfVf mxskv bfsm rÏ jvfv sysq lczf jvfƒ shwD …Ùm. (‰ 2/198, 266) mxk shbfmfpDv kvI sKsj rÏ oxrDk rsh bf. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/186) rÏ jvfv ubA sj… zKG dlsq nrspfdokf jvst kf oarB


jvf ShL ˆhQ lfsbv efjfq rÏ jvstW Ivp zflfq rsq pfq. dikfv iqnfq rÏ jvst icsÛv Ivp zflfq rsq pfq. (‰ 2/188) Ivp rWqf nsÙ¶W dikf rÏ bf jsv mfvf sost icÛ hf Wqfsvsnv …dyk, dbsuv rÏ zflfq jsv kfv kvI sKsj rÏ jvf, zKhf dikfv sYsV pfWqf zKG sKsj sjfb rfuDsj Jvy dlsq kfv kvI sKsj rÏ jvfv lfdqk¶ slWqf. (‰ 2/194) spmb sYst rÏ Ivp svsJ mfvf sost kfv dikf hf zdHHfhsjv …dyk, kfv kvI sKsj Ivp iftb jsv slWqf. (‰ 2/195) iajfw sp, bIt rÏ-…mvfr jvsk zKG hAq jvfv sysq ‰ zKG durfsl hAq jvf zdLj …Ùm. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/677) dwðsj rÏ jvfst, dwð pdl ˆmb jfu jsv hsn pfsk dIlXqAfr Wqfsuh, kfrst zdHHfhjsj kfv kvI sKsj kf zflfq jvsk rsh. (IfkfWqf ƒntfdmqAfr 2/182) ifijsmG zet sKsj rÏ jvst rÏ ðÝ, ksh zn©iCBG. ifi sKsj kWhf uv¢vD. dwjG jvf zh²¿fq rÏ jvst skf kf mjhCtƒ bq. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 14/140) sjfb shbfmfpD rfuDv rÏ oxrDk bq. (IfkfWqf ƒhsb …nfƒmDb 2/687)




rsÏv bfsm …sÜwA dHâ rst rÏ rq bf. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 13/68) ksh zfnt …sÜwA rÏ rst ˆhQ kfv nfsK djYc ÛÁq-dhÛÁq W ShL hAhnf jvst rsÏv sjfb [dk rq bf. (jc} 2/198) rÏ jvfv ubA rftft …ifsq zduGk zKG rWqf uv¢vD. dhdV-dnofsve iaHxdk mfljûshAv hAhnfv zsKG rÏ rq bf. (mfufïfkct hcrCdnt ƒntfdmqAfr 16/116)

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