Yes, Games CAN improve Self-Care Habits. Field Study results of Attack of the S. Mutans! 3D...

University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry

Howard Rose M.Ed. [email protected]. Jacqueline Pickrell [email protected]

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What Am I Playing (with)?

Soundrop

Osmos HD

Beatwave


SBIR This research was conducted thanks to a Small Business Innovation Research Grant from NIH.

Reauthorization of SBIR legislation is currently being debated in Congress and is in JEAPORDY!

SBIR is very important to the future of innovation in the Games for Health Community.

Please Get Informed and Involved. Here are some sites to start with. (not an endorsement)

http://www.zyn.com/sbir/http://www.sbircoach.com


• VR Analgesia

• Exposure Therapy

• PTSD Therapy

Firsthand Technology

Howard Rose & Ari Hollander Co-PI

www.firsthand.com [email protected]

Serious Games for

Health


School of Dentistry

• Dental Fear Clinic• Improve Self-care• Increase Access• Minority Disparities Clinic

Dental Public Health

Dr. Jacqueline Pickrell: cognitive psychologist

Dr. Peter Milgrom: dental expert


Tooth

DietBacteria

Time

Oral environment factors

Dental Caries Personal factors

Saliva

Fluoride

Plaque PH

Sugars

Behavior Socio-economic Status

Income

Dental Insurance

KnowledgeAttitudes

(From Selwitz et al; 2007 adapted from Fejerskov & Manji, 1990)

Access to Care

The Oral Health Problem


This is a video of this cut scene from Attack of the S. Mutans! Dentisha is in her workshop piecing together the story of S. mutans bacteria and acid attacking her teeth.

See the 1 minute video:

Smaller file: http://www.firsthand.com/AOTSM_video/DentishaWorkshopSm.mov

High-res: http://www.firsthand.com/AOTSM_video/DentishaInHerWorkshop.zip


Taking on Tween’s


Taking on Tween’s

This is the first generation of families where both the children AND parents grew up gaming.

o Make fun work for you, not against you.

o Fit with the 8 to 12-year-old brain

o 3D Advantage of immersion (presence)

o Games create a “New Place”, frame of experience.


• Brush twice daily • Brush long enough and well enough (2 min*)

• Use fluoride toothpaste

• Eat sugar wisely

Behavioral Outcome Goals


Focus Group Data• Children said tooth brushing is important

– 30% report brushing 2x day on a regular basis

– Majority believed “Food” causes cavities

– Most report they like going to the dentist

– With age came knowledge…

• Parents felt children lacked motivation to brush

• Dental visits lacked impact on motivation


Focus Group Data• Children said tooth brushing is important

– 30% report brushing 2x day on a regular basis

– Majority believed “Food” causes cavities

– Most report they like going to the dentist

– With age came knowledge…

• Parents felt children lacked motivation to brush

• Dental visits lacked impact on motivation

Knowledge is necessary but not sufficient.


Self-care FrequencyReality vs “Should”

How Often Do You Brush?


Toothbrushing Frequency By Age

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

8-10 11-12

Age in Years

Mean # of Brushings per

Week

GirlsBoys


A Challenge of Access and Distribution

• Big audience in a Credible Venue

• Establish brand of the game & Dentisha character

• Controllable research environment

Initial Strategy: Health Game Spectacle via Science Museum Venue


Who is Dentisha?

Feedback from focus group testingIterative design evolution


Streptococcus mutans


Biofilm


5 Player Game Pod


Watch a short video of the Attack of the S. Mutans! game:

Smaller file: http://www.attackofthemutans.com/game.html

High-res: http://attackofthemutans.com/media/AOTSM_game_large.ogv

NEXT, I will give a quick overview of the 2000 sq. ft. science museum exhibit. A field study was performed at Pacific Science Center in Seattle, May 2010 to measure health efficacy. Results are presented.


Exhibit Overview

4-Stage cognitive intervention

1. Get attention & establish the basics

2. Engage and motivate

3. Make it relevant & concrete

4. Tangible positive takeaways


Exhibit Overview

4-Stage cognitive intervention

1. Get attention & establish the basics Biofilm & Crystal Projections

2. Engage and motivateCenterpiece Attack of the S. Mutans! 3D game

3. Make it relevant & concrete Hall of Excuses

4. Tangible positive takeaway messages X-ray Explorer, Keep Your Teeth, Text Panels


Check Point #4

GAME PODS

Checkpoint

Hall of

Excuses

X-ray Decay

Detector

Keep Your Teeth

Tooth Formation

Biofilm & Bacteria Basics


Hall of Excuses: Modeling BehaviorGame Creates a Teachable Moment


Hall of ExcusesGame Creates a Teachable Moment

“Yeah, I would have brushed last night but….”


X-Ray Explorer


Keep Your TeethLabyrinth game to illustrate concept of Risk. The holes close or grow according to game choices. KYT has been rebuilt for the iPad and will soon be available to the public.


Exerimental Design

1. Children from 7 schools randomly assigned to one of three conditions

• two-thirds AOTSM treatment

• one-third control (SnowWorld)

2. 155 children who had at least one posttest available for analysis

3. Children were posttested (self-report survey) at 1 month, 3 months, and 8 months


Composite of self-reported responses to 12 questions including:

How often do you:

Brush your teeth? Brush after every meal? Brush carefully on all surfaces?...

Oral Health Behavior for Children 11-12 years (0.05 alpha)


Low = some high school Avg = some college High = undergrad or more

Self Efficacy for Older Children with Educated Parents


7 8 9 10 11 1200:00

00:43

01:26

02:09

02:52

03:36

04:19

Mean Task Completion Time

Age

TIm

e T

o C

om

ple

tion

(Real) 3D Games ControllersThe learning curve

Age 8: 2 minutes Age 12: 45 seconds


(Real) 3D Games ControllersThe learning curve

Why the difference?

• Cognitive Development

• Physical Development

• Unique vs Known Interface

• Accidental Success


Financial Model

Who is going to pay for

games for Public Health?


FirsthandGame & Exhibit

as Catalyst(Initiated by NIH)

Science CentersHealth and Education Mission

Underserved PublicTough to reach but

needs reaching

Health Researchers & Care Providers

Front Line of Public Health and Disparities

Foundation and Corp. SponsorsInterest Driven

Building Partnerships A Game-Driven Public Health Initiative


Lessons Learned

• Games can improve oral self-care

• Cognitive approach to behavior change can be effective

• Museums are a challenging environment for games but can be successful but BE NIMBLE!

• Development factors affect playing and learning new interfaces which affects health outcomes

• Funding requires partnerships, creativity and lots of leg work!


Future Reserch

• What factors within games make them effective?

• How do games change the receptivity to information & relationships with care providers?

• How to build novel interfaces that are intuitive and fun?

• R&D of Real 3D controllers and UI

• Develop a social/financial model for doing public health games.


Howard Rose M.Ed. [email protected]. Jacqueline Pickrell [email protected]

Yes, Games CAN improve Self-Care Habits. Field Study results of Attack of the S. Mutans! 3D...

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Yes, Games CAN improve Self-Care Habits. Field Study results of Attack of the S. Mutans! 3D...