Writing for Publication in Veterinary Medicine, Laing Danet

7/31/2019 Writing for Publication in Veterinary Medicine, Laing Danet

1/28

A Y}aksfkaj Hrfcb`o} ]b{ba}keb}{

adc Kjfdfkfad{

La}v Ke}f{soyeb} & Na}bd Vordh

X}fsfdh`o} Yrmjfkasfod fd Pbsb}fda}v Lbcfkfdb


2/28

Pf{fs or} Arseo} [b}pfkb{ xbm{fsb so7

S}akn vor} a}sfkjb `}ol y}ocrksfod so

yrmjfkasfod xfse oysfodaj b,ajb}s{ as nbv

{sahb{

]bkbfpb @]BB odjfdb akkb{{ so vor} a}sfkjbxebd fs f{ yrmjf{ebc odjfdb

Dolfdasb ry so 19 accfsfodaj kojjbahrb{ so

}bkbfpb @]BB odjfdb akkb{{ so vor} a}sfkjb

@fdc arseo} hrfcbjfdb{ mv gor}daj

Hbs akkb{{ so }b{or}kb{* @AQ{ adc sfy{ od

a}sfkjb y}bya}asfod* {rmlf{{fod* a}sxo}n*

koyv}fhes* o` y}fds{*bsk$

[apb=2" od Xfjbv moon{

essy7//arseo}{b}pfkb{$xfjbv$kol

Arseo} [b}pfkb{

Kollfssbc

so y}opfcfdh

seb mb{syo{{fmjb

{b}pfkb

so gor}daj

arseo}{


3/28

1=911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

KODSBDS[

8$ [RMLFSSFDH VOR] LADR[K]FYS $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$15

@f}{s fly}b{{fod{ kords! $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$15

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[rmlfssfdh cfhfsaj flahb{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$15

Kopb} jbssb}{ adc ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo}{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$15

5$ RDCB][SADCFDH SEB YBB] ]BPFBX ADC

BCFSO]FAJ Y]OKB[[B[ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=9

Yr}yo{b adc svyb{ o ybb} }bpfbx $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=9

]b{yodcfdh so }bpfbxb} kollbds{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=9

Xo}nfdh xfse gor}daj bcfso}{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=9

Eadcjfdh a dbhasfpb cbkf{fod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=1

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Asb} yrmjfkasfod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=1

6$ YRMJFKASFOD BSEFK[ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$==

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casa adc flahb{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$==

Cf{kjo{r}b adc s}ad{ya}bdkv $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=;

Bsefkaj r{b o adflaj{ fd }b{ba}ke $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=;

19$ SEB @RSR]B O@ [KFBDSF@FK YRMJF[EFDH $$$$$$=3

11$ [BJBKSBC ]B[OR]KB[ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=3

1$ FDS]OCRKSFOD $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=

=$ A HOOC LADR[K]FYS [SA]S[ XFSE

HOOC [KFBDKB$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;

Cbpbjoyfdh a }b{ba}ke qrb{sfod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;[srcv cb{fhd adc casa adajv{f{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;

Adsfkfyasfdh yosbdsfaj y}omjbl{ adc rsr}b

ayyjfkasfod{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3

]byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$3

;$ SVYB[ O@ [KFBDSF@FK A]SFKJB[ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2

@rjj,jbdhse o}fhfdaj }b{ba}ke a}sfkjb{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2

M}fb kollrdfkasfod{ adc sbkedfkaj }byo}s{ $$$$$$$$$$$2

Ka{b }byo}s{$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2

]bpfbx a}sfkjb{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2

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]b{ba}ke am{s}aks{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2

3$ [BJBKSFDH A GOR]DAJ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$0

Gor}daj afl{ adc {koyb $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$0

Seb sa}hbs arcfbdkb $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$0

Fdcbufdh adc akkb{{fmfjfsv $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$0

Flyaks akso} adc }bjasbc lbs}fk{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$8

Sflb so yrmjfkasfod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$8

Yrmjfkasfod ko{s{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$8

2$ X]FSFDH VOR] A]SFKJB $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$6

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Hrfcbjfdb{ o} arseo}{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$19

O}hadfwfdh adc x}fsfdh vor} ladr{k}fys

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Am{s}aks$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 11

Fds}ocrksfod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 11

Lasb}faj{ adc lbseoc{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 11

]b{rjs{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1=

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Ayybdcfkb{ adc {ryyjblbdsaj lasb}faj $$$$$$$$$$$13

Akndoxjbchlbds{ adc cf{kjo{r}b{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$13

0$ X]FSFDH %FD BDHJF[E& @O] ]BACAMFJFSV ADC

KOLY]BEBD[FOD $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$10

Mb kodkf{b adc y}bkf{b $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$10

Keoo{b vor} pofkb$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$10

Sbd{b* h}alla}* adc yrdksrasfod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 10

Y}b,}bpfbx o} jadhrahb $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$18


4/28

= =911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

1$ FDS]OCRKSFOD

X}fsfdh o} Yrmjfkasfod fd Pbsb}fda}v Lbcfkfdbf{ cb{fhdbc so ebjy }b{fcbds{* h}acrasb

{srcbds{* adc ba}jv,ka}bb} akrjsv fd pbsb}fda}v lbcfkfdb hafd fdcbybdcbdkb adc

kod`cbdkb fd x}fsfdh adc yrmjf{efdh {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{$ X}fsfdh adc yrmjf{efdh* seb

`daj {sby{ fd seb {kfbdsf`k lbseoc* sanb yjakb xfsefd seb hjomaj kollrdfsv o

arseo}{* }bpfbxb}{* bcfso}{* adc }bacb}{$ Mv buyjafdfdh vor} xo}n so oseb}{ fd seb

yrmjfk o}rl o a ybb},}bpfbxbc fdsb}dasfodaj gor}daj* vor} }b{ba}ke mbkolb{ ya}s o

seb {kfbdsf`k }bko}c adc kods}fmrsb{ so seb acpadkblbds o ndoxjbchb$ Cb{yfsb fs{

b{{bdsfaj }ojb fd seb }b{ba}ke bdsb}y}f{b* {kfbdsf`k x}fsfdh }a}bjv f{ sarhes buyjfkfsjv

fd pbsb}fda}v o} h}acrasb kr}}fkrja$ X}fsfdh o} Yrmjfkasfod fd Pbsb}fda}v Lbcfkfdb f{

fdsbdcbc so ebjy `jj sef{ hay mv ebjyfdh vor yjad* o}hadfwb* x}fsb* {rmlfs* adc yrmjf{e

vor} xo}n$

Xev yrmjf{e? Vor} }b{ba}ke adc kjfdfkaj om{b}pasfod{ a}b flyo}sads$ Fd accfsfod so

cf{{blfdasfdh ndoxjbchb* {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{ y}olosb seorhes adc cbmasb* keadhb

y}aksfkb* adc {sflrjasb rsr}b }b{ba}ke$ Fd akacblfa* yrmjfkasfod f{ b{{bdsfaj o}

ka}bb} acpadkblbds mbkar{b fs cokrlbds{ }b{ba}ke qrajfsv* y}ocrksfpfsv* adc

akkordsamfjfsv$ [kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{ aj{o a{{fhd k}bcfs o} seb `}{s yrmjfkasfod o o}fhfdaj}b{rjs{$ F vor} xo}n }blafd{ rdyrmjf{ebc* xeo xfjj ndox seas vor cfc fs?

Eox a}b x}fsfdh adc yrmjf{efdh fd pbsb}fda}v lbcfkfdb cfb}bds sead fd oseb}

cf{kfyjfdb{? Fd ladv xav{ sebv}b dos> eoxbpb}* X}fsfdh o} Yrmjfkasfod fd Pbsb}fda}v

Lbcfkfdbafl{ so acc }bjbpadkb so buf{sfdh }b{or}kb{ mv r{fdh bualyjb{ }ol kjfdfkaj

adc cfahdo{sfk pbsb}fda}v }b{ba}ke* okr{fdh od pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* adc blyea{fwfdh

sb}lfdojohv adc y}ob{{fodaj y}aksfkb{ yb}sfdbds so pbsb}fda}v lbcfkfdb$

Fs f{ flyo}sads so }blblmb} seas Bdhjf{e f{ seb y}fla}v jadhrahb o {kfbdkb$ Sef{ kad

y}b{bds a ma}}fb} o} arseo}{ fd ladv ya}s{ o seb xo}jc* mrs x}fsfdh xbjj fd Bdhjf{e f{

a keajjbdhb akbc mv dasfpb adc dod,dasfpb {ybanb}{ ajfnb$ Xb kaddos opb},blyea{fwb

seb flyo}sadkb o {rmlfssfdh a xbjj,x}fssbd ladr{k}fys* adc xb ob} hrfcadkb od

x}fsfdh fd a kjba} adc rdcb}{sadcamjb {svjb$ Xb eoyb sef{ yrmjfkasfod xfjj bdeadkbvor} x}fsfdh buyb}fbdkb adc jbac so a}sfkjb{ seas }bbks vor} buyb}fbdkb a{ a x}fsb}

adc a pbsb}fda}fad$

Xb h}asbrjjv akndoxjbchb seb pajramjb }ojb lbdso}{ adc ybb}{ eapb yjavbc fd or}

oxd x}fsfdh adc yrmjf{efdh adc eoyb X}fsfdh o} Yrmjfkasfod fd Pbsb}fda}v Lbcfkfdb

kods}fmrsb{ fd ad flyo}sads xav so vor}{$

La}v Ke}f{soyeb}

Rdfpb}{fsv o Kajfo}dfaCapf{

Na}bd Vordh

Rdfpb}{fsv o Xf{kod{fdLacf{od


5/28

;=911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

=$ A HOOC LADR[K]FYS [SA]S[ XFSE HOOC [KFBDKB

o} fly}opfdh fs$ A evyoseb{f{ o}l{ seb ko}db}{sodb o a

}b{ba}ke {srcv> fs f{ xeas vor yo{srjasbso mb s}rb$ [ybkf`k

afl{ cb`db seb buaks {sby{ vor xfjj sanb so haseb}

fdo}lasfod seas xfjj y}opb o} cf{y}opb seb evyoseb{f{$

[srcv Cb{fhd adc Casa Adajv{f{

Vor} {srcv cb{fhd lr{s mb ayy}oy}fasb o} ad{xb}fdh

seb }b{ba}ke qrb{sfod$ Y}o{ybksfpb* }bs}o{ybksfpb* adc

cb{k}fysfpb {srcv cb{fhd{* a{ xbjj a{ }adcolfwbc kjfdfkaj

s}faj{* koeo}s {srcfb{* lbsa,adajv{b{* adc oseb} svyb{ o

{srcfb{* ayy}oake a y}omjbl fd cfb}bds xav{> bake ea{

{s}bdhse{ adc jflfsasfod{$

Xfjj vor} {srcv fdpojpb kjfdfkaj yasfbds{ o} buyb}flbdsaj

adflaj{? Fd bfseb} fd{sadkb* fd{sfsrsfodaj ayy}opaj

y}okb{{b{ o} seb bsefkaj adc erladb r{b o adflaj{ fd}b{ba}ke f{ b{{bdsfaj$

Eox xfjj pa}famjb{ {rke a{ sflb* s}baslbds* adc

rdcb}jvfdh cf{ba{b mb eadcjbc* adc xeas f{ seb

dbkb{{a}v {alyjb {fwb? Kod{rjs a {sasf{sfkfad od

ayy}oy}fasb {sasf{sfkaj lbseoc{ adc co a yoxb} adajv{f{

so b{sflasb {alyjb {fwb$

Xeas svyb{ o {ybkflbd{ adc lba{r}blbds{ xfjj vor

r{b* adc a}b seb adajvsfkaj lbseoc{ pajfc adc y}bkf{b?

Kod{rjs lbseocojohv buyb}s{ so `dc ors$

Odkb vor} c}as f{ kolyjbsbc* a{n vor} kojjbahrb{ o}

accfsfodaj fdyrs adc fcba{ adc o} ebjy fd fcbdsfvfdh advyosbdsfaj ax{$ Dox f{ seb sflb so acgr{s vor} {srcv

cb{fhd!

Seb }asfodajb adc evyoseb{f{* {srcv cb{fhd adc casa

adajv{f{* adsfkfyasbc }b{rjs{* adc {s}bdhse{ adc jflfsasfod{

o a }b{ba}ke {srcv }orhejv ya}ajjbj seb fds}ocrksfod*

lbseoc{* }b{rjs{* adc cf{kr{{fod {bksfod{ o a

ladr{k}fys$ Ser{* }ol seb kodkbysfod o a y}ogbks seb

}albxo}n o} a ladr{k}fys f{ mo}d$ Seb bo}s {ybds fd

yjaddfdh a {srcv o} kjfdfkaj }byo}s f{ seb mb{s fdpb{slbds

vor kad lanb fd javfdh seb h}ordcxo}n o} }byo}sfdh7 a

xbjj,x}fssbd ladr{k}fys kaddos kolybd{asb o} yoo} {srcv

cb{fhd o} kodkjr{fod{ dos {ryyo}sbc mv seb bpfcbdkb$ A{

vor yjad vor} {srcv* bvb fs k}fsfkajjv se}orhe seb jbd{ o a

rsr}b ybb} }bpfbxb}* adc lanb acgr{slbds{ akko}cfdhjv$

Cbpbjoyfdh a ]b{ba}ke Qrb{sfod

A }b{ba}ke {srcv r{rajjv f{ fdfsfasbc fd seb o}l o a

qrb{sfod7 Xev cob{ eblojv{f{ okkr}? F{ sef{ dbx

adsebjlfdsefk bbksfpb? Xefke {r}hfkaj y}okbcr}b f{

mbssb} o} ko}}bksfdh yasbjja} jruasfod? ]b{ba}ke qrb{sfod{

a}b {sflrjasbc mv kjfdfkaj buyb}fbdkb* cf{kr{{fod{ xfse

kojjbahrb{* a }bacfdh o seb jfsb}asr}b* adc y}bpfor{

}b{ba}ke `dcfdh{$ Jba}dfdh so a{n qrb{sfod{ lbad{

jba}dfdh so sefdn k}fsfkajjv adc k}basfpbjv* so qrb{sfod

a{{rlysfod{* adc so cbpbjoy seb {kfbdsf`k kr}fo{fsv so

y}omb cbbyb}$ A hooc }b{ba}ke qrb{sfod {eorjc eapb a

{s}odh }asfodajb o} gr{sf`kasfod o} yr}{rfs7 fs {eorjc `jj a

hay fd buf{sfdh ndoxjbchb* mb }bjbpads adc flyo}sads* adc

o} ladv }b{ba}ke {srcfb{ jbac so a evyoseb{f{ seas kad mbsb{sbc$ @alfjfa}fsv xfse seb jfsb}asr}b f{ b{{bdsfaj so apofc

{flyjv }bybasfdh xo}n xfseors buyadcfdh* keajjbdhfdh*

Yjaddfdh a [srcv


6/28

3 =911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

]byo}sfdh Hrfcbjfdb{

Kod{rjs }byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{ y}fo} so mbhfddfdh vor}

{srcv$ Sef{ xfjj ebjy bd{r}b seas seb yjaddfdh adc

flyjblbdsasfod o vor} {srcv cb{fhd fdkjrcb nbv

bjblbds{ seas a}b b{{bdsfaj fd seb }byo}sfdh y}okb{{$

]byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{ fdkjrcb kebknjf{s{* oxkea}s{*

adc y}okbcr}b{ cbpbjoybc mv yadbj{ o buyb}s{ so ebjy

cokrlbds adc pajfcasb kb}safd svyb{ o {srcfb{$ ]byo}sfdh

hrfcbjfdb{ seas lav mb }bjbpads so pbsb}fda}v }b{ba}ke

fdkjrcb7

KOD[O]S o} kjfdfkaj s}faj{

]B@JBKS o} kjfdfkaj s}faj{ fdpojpfdh ooc adflaj{

[SA]C o} {srcfb{ o cfahdo{sfk akkr}akv

A]]FPB o} {srcfb{ fdpojpfdh adflaj buyb}flbdsasfod

Xfse seb bukbysfod o ]B@JBKS* }byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{xb}b cbpbjoybc o} lbcfkaj }b{ba}ke* adc odjv a bx

pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ eapb o}lajjv acoysbc sebl$ Eoxbpb}*

seb nbv y}fdkfyjb{ a}b }bjbpads adc seb hrfcbjfdb{ {b}pb

a{ a sblyjasb adc pajramjb }blfdcb} o xeas kod{sfsrsb{

akkr}asb* rdmfa{bc* adc kolyjbsb }byo}sfdh$

Adsfkfyasfdh Yosbdsfaj Y}omjbl{ adc @rsr}bAyyjfkasfod{

Ajseorhe seb }b{rjs{ o a {srcv kaddos mb y}bcfksbc*

adsfkfyasfdh yosbdsfaj orskolb{ adc y}omjbl{ so seb

busbds yo{{fmjb xfjj ebjy vor cbpbjoy kodsfdhbdkv yjad{

adc y}okbcr}b{ so acc}b{{ sebl y}fo}so mbhfddfdh seb

{srcv$ @o} bualyjb* f vor yjad so bd}ojj 29 eo}{b{ fd a

y}o{ybksfpb {srcv opb} a odb,vba} yb}foc* xeas xfjj vor

co f sef{ drlmb} ajj{ {eo}s adc eox xfjj vor} adajv{f{

mb abksbc? Xeas f{ seb buybksbc o} yosbdsfaj flyaks od

seb }b{rjs{ o r{fdh {b}rl {alyjb{ seas eapb mbbd {so}bc

}owbd o} a vba}?

Ajj {srcfb{ eapb jflfsasfod{* mrs fs f{ flyo}sads so bd{r}b

seb jflfsasfod{ xfjj dos {rm{sadsfajjv abks seb qrajfsv adc

fdsb}y}bsasfod o }b{rjs{ o} seb pajfcfsv o seb kodkjr{fod{$

Od seb yo{fsfpb {fcb* nbby fd lfdc seb {s}bdhse{ ovor} {srcv adc eox seb buybksbc orskolb{ korjc eapb

y}aksfkaj ayyjfkasfod{ o} pbsb}fda}v y}aksfkb adc flyo}sads

flyjfkasfod{ o} adflaj adc erlad ebajse$


7/28


;$ SVYB[ O@ [KFBDSF@FK A]SFKJB[

]bpfbx a}sfkjb{ r{b koly}bebd{fpb adajv{f{ adc seb

kfsasfod o o}fhfdaj }b{ba}ke so k}fsfkajjv {vdseb{fwb adc

o}hadfwb ndoxjbchb od a kodsblyo}a}v soyfk$ A hooc

}bpfbx kodpbv{ seb kr}}bds {sasr{ o }b{ba}ke fd a `bjc

adc {sflrjasb{ dbx xav{ o sefdnfdh amors a {rmgbks$

[v{sblasfk }bpfbx{r{b a cb`dbc omgbksfpb ayy}oake

so {ba}ke adc a{{b{{ seb jfsb}asr}b od a {fdhjb }b{ba}ke

qrb{sfod* {olbsflb{ se}orhe lbsa,adajv{f{* adc a}b

flyo}sads fd bpfcbdkb,ma{bc lbcfkfdb$

Jbssb}{ so seb bcfso} a}b x}fssbd fd }b{yod{b so

a y}bpfor{jv yrmjf{ebc a}sfkjb o} lav }byo}s ad

om{b}pasfod o} }af{b ad f{{rb }bjbpads so }bacb}{> lo{s

bcfso}{,fd,kefb xbjkolb sebl$ Jbssb}{ a}b fdcbubc

adc kfsamjb adc y}opfcb ad flyo}sads yrmjfk o}rl o}

cf{kr{{fod o cfpb}hbds pfbx{$ Bcfso}{ }b{b}pb seb

}fhes so yrmjf{e o} }bgbks a jbssb} ma{bc od kodsbds adcy}ob{{fodaj y}b{bdsasfod$

]b{ba}ke am{s}aks{ {rlla}fwb casa }ol o}aj o}

yo{sb} y}b{bdsasfod{ as a {kfbdsf`k lbbsfdh$ Am{s}aks{

{olbsflb{ a}b ybb},}bpfbxbc adc a}b ad flyo}sads xav

so {ea}b dbx }b{rjs{$ ]b{ba}ke cb{k}fmbc fd ad am{s}aks

f{ kod{fcb}bc y}bjflfda}v xo}n fdsbdcbc o} bpbdsraj

yrmjfkasfod a{ a }b{ba}ke a}sfkjb %ajseorhe sef{ cob{ dos

ajxav{ okkr}$

A }b{ba}ke {srcv osbd f{ ya}s o a h}acrasb {srcbds

seb{f{ o} cf{{b}sasfod$ Mbkar{b cf{{b}sasfod{ r{rajjv

eapb jflfsbc cf{s}fmrsfod* yrmjfkasfod o ybb},}bpfbxbc

gor}daj a}sfkjb{ ma{bc od cf{{b}sasfod }b{ba}ke f{ ad

flyo}sads xav so cf{{blfdasb vor} `dcfdh{$ Fd aks* as

ladv rdfpb}{fsfb{ a cf{{b}sasfod kod{f{s{ o a {b}fb{ o

fdcfpfcraj ladr{k}fys{ o} yrmjf{ebc a}sfkjb{$

O}fhfdaj ybb},}bpfbxbc }b{ba}ke adc kjfdfkaj om{b}pasfod{

kad mb kollrdfkasbc fd rjj,jbdhse a}sfkjb{* m}fb

kollrdfkasfod{* adc ka{b }byo}s{$ Gor}daj{ aj{o yrmjf{e

}bpfbx a}sfkjb{* bcfso}faj{* jbssb}{* kod{bd{r{ yayb}{*

}b{ba}ke am{s}aks{* adc {ybkfaj basr}b{ seas lav o} lav

dos mb ybb},}bpfbxbc$ Dos ajj gor}daj{ cb`db a}sfkjb{ fd

seb {alb xav* {o kebkn vor} sa}hbs gor}daj o} hrfcadkb$

@rjj,jbdhse o}fhfdaj }b{ba}ke a}sfkjb{ ojjox a {sadca}c

o}las seas f{ seb y}ososvyb o} {kfbdsf`k x}fsfdh$

Ajseorhe jbdhse lav pa}v* o}fhfdaj a}sfkjb{ {eorjc

eapb a kjba} lago} okr{ adc kods}fmrsb {rm{sadsfpb

dbx fdo}lasfod$ Cods cfpfcb vor} {srcv fdso ladv

{lajj yayb}{ seas }ahlbds seb jfsb}asr}b* lanfdh

fdsb}y}bsasfod o seb {srcv{ opb}ajj flyo}sadkb lo}b

cf`krjs o} }bacb}{$

M}fb` kollrdfkasfod{ cb{k}fmb jflfsbc o} y}bjflfda}vo}fhfdaj }b{ba}ke adc a}b ayy}oy}fasb xebd seb alords

o dbx fdo}lasfod cob{ dos xa}}ads a rjj,jbdhse

a}sfkjb* o} bualyjb* so kodpbv seb }b{rjs{ o a yfjos

{srcv$ Mbkar{b sebv a}b {eo}s* m}fb kollrdfkasfod{

a}b svyfkajjv jb{{ {s}rksr}bc sead rjj,jbdhse a}sfkjb{$

Sbkedfkaj }byo}s{ kajj assbdsfod so a okr{bc lbseoc*

{osxa}b y}oh}al* o} oseb} sbkedfkaj ayyjfkasfod o}

y}okbcr}b$

Ka{b }byo}s{ cb{k}fmb a {fdhjb ka{b o} {b}fb{ o ka{b{$

Sebv cokrlbds }a}b* rdfqrb* o} y}bpfor{jv rd}byo}sbc

kodcfsfod{ o} `dcfdh{* dopbj cfahdo{sfk o} seb}aybrsfk

ayy}oakeb{* o} dbx cf{ba{b yassb}d{$ Sebv {olbsflb{

fdkjrcb fd pfs}ofdpb{sfhasfod{ mrs a}b jb{{ {s}rksr}bc

sead }b{ba}ke a}sfkjb{$ [olb gor}daj{ do jodhb} yrmjf{e

ka{b }byo}s{ mbkar{b sebv eapb jflfsbc rsfjfsv adc a}b

kfsbc jb{{ osbd sead o}fhfdaj a}sfkjb{$ Eoxbpb}* a xbjj,

cokrlbdsbc ka{b kad mb r{brj so seo{b fd kjfdfkaj

y}aksfkb adc kad ebjy eodb kjfdfkaj fdpb{sfhasfpb {nfjj{$


8/28


3$ [BJBKSFDH A GOR]DAJ

y}bya}fdh o} kb}sfvfdh bualfdasfod{$ [ybkfajsv gor}daj{

lfhes yb}lfs seb r{b o cf{kfyjfdb,{ybkf`k sb}lfdojohv

o} y}opfcb }byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{ so {bs seb {sadca}c

o} sebf} cf{kfyjfdb$ Pbsb}fda}v Kjfdfkaj Yaseojohv* o}

bualyjb* ea{ hrfcbjfdb{ od eox so }byo}s {srcfb{ od

cbsb}lfdfdh }bb}bdkb fdsb}paj{ adc od jamo}aso}v lbseoc

kolya}f{od{$

@o} {olb ladr{k}fys{* a gor}daj yrmjf{ebc fd a {ybkf`k

hboh}ayefk }bhfod o} fd a jadhrahb oseb} sead Bdhjf{e xfjj

}bake seb arcfbdkb lo{s fd dbbc o seb fdo}lasfod$ @o}

bualyjb* a {srcv od seb y}bpajbdkb o a ya}a{fsfk cf{ba{b

fd kas{ fd [o Yaojo xorjc mb efhejv }bjbpads so M}awfjfad

pbsb}fda}fad{ adc lo}b akkb{{fmjb so sebl fd a gor}daj

{rke a{ ]bpf{sa M}a{fjbf}a cb Ya}a{fsojohfa Pbsb}fd}fa

%M}awfjfad Gor}daj o Ya}a{fsojohv* xefke yrmjf{eb{ fd mose

Yo}srhrb{b adc Bdhjf{e$

Nbby fd lfdc seas seb }bacb}{efy o} arcfbdkb o agor}daj

kod{f{s{ ja}hbjv o fs{ {rm{k}fmb}{ o} seo{b xeo }bkbfpb fs

a{ ya}s o sebf} lblmb}{efy fd ad o}hadfwasfod> sebv lfhes

m}ox{b seb samjb o kodsbds{ adc }bac vor} a}sfkjb bpbd

xebd fs f{ dos cf}bksjv }bjasbc so sebf} a}ba o fdsb}b{s$ Seb

}bacb}{efy o} arcfbdkb o ad fdcfpfcraj a}sfkjbfdkjrcb{

{kfbdsf{s{ adc ebajse y}ob{{fodaj{ xo}nfdh fd seb {alb

}b{ba}ke a}ba> sebv svyfkajjv dc vor} a}sfkjb mv nbv xo}c

casama{b {ba}keb{$

Fdcbufdh adc Akkb{{fmfjfsv

Seb lo}b xfcbjv a gor}daj f{ fdcbubc odjfdb* seb lo}b

akkb{{fmjb fs f{ so }bacb}{* hfpfdh arseo}{ a xfcb}

arcfbdkb o} sebf} xo}n adc yosbdsfajjv fdk}ba{fdh

kfsasfod{$ [olb fdcbub{ %Hoohjb [keoja} adc Fdcbu

Koyb}dfkr{* o} fd{sadkb a}b oybd so pf}srajjv ajj gor}daj{>

oseb}{ %fdkjrcfdh LBCJFDB/YrmLbc* AH]FKOJA* adc

KAM Fdsb}dasfodaj a}b kods}ojjbc o} {sadca}c{ o gor}daj

qrajfsv$ Kfsasfod fdcbub{* b$h$* F[F Xbm o [kfbdkb adc

[KOYR[* a}b aj{o qrajfsv,kods}ojjbc$ ]bhfodaj fdcbub}{

%b$h$* A}fkad Gor}daj{ Odjfdb* Fdcbu Lbcfkr{ o} seb

Ba{sb}d Lbcfsb}}adbad }bhfod* Fdcbu Lbcfkr{ o} JasfdAlb}fka* adc seb Bukbjjbdkb fd ]b{ba}ke o} Ar{s}ajfa

Fdfsfasfpb akfjfsasb akkb{{ so pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ seas

lfhes oseb}xf{b mb cf`krjs so `dc$

Odjfdb yrmjfkasfod* xefke f{ dox {sadca}c o} lo{s

pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* h}basjv fdk}ba{b{ akkb{{ so vor}

a}sfkjb$ Am{s}aks{ a}b r{rajjv }bbjv apafjamjb odjfdb* mrs

akkb{{ so seb rjj a}sfkjb }bqrf}b{ bfseb} ad fdcfpfcraj o}

fd{sfsrsfodaj {rm{k}fysfod o} oybd akkb{{$

So hrfcb seb ayy}oake* o}las* adc {svjb o vor}

ladr{k}fys* {bjbks a gor}daj mbo}b vor mbhfd so x}fsb$

Seb ja}hb drlmb} o pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ hfpb{ vor

yjbdsv o oysfod{$ Yrmjf{efdh fd a pa}fbsv o gor}daj{

cblod{s}asb{ seb }bjbpadkb o vor} xo}n so cfb}bds

arcfbdkb{ adc cf{kfyjfdb{ a{ xbjj a{ vor} amfjfsv so xo}n

xfse cfb}bds gor}daj{ adc bcfso}{$

Gor}daj Afl{ adc [koyb

So bd{r}b a gor}daj f{ a hooc `s* kebkn fs{ afl{ adc {koyb*

m}ox{b }bkbds kodsbds* kodsaks seb bcfso} f dbbcbc* adc

nbby fd lfdc seas seb sfsjb o a gor}daj f{ dos ajxav{ a kjba}

fdcfkaso} o fs{ okr{$ Ladr{k}fys{ cbblbc ors,o,{koyb

a}b r{rajjv }bgbksbc fllbcfasbjv$ Pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ kad

eapb a m}oac {koyb* b$h$* so acpadkb pbsb}fda}v lbcfkaj

ndoxjbchb %Gor}daj o Pbsb}fda}v Fdsb}daj Lbcfkfdb*

o} a da}}ox {koyb* {rke a{ seb adflaj bvb %Pbsb}fda}v

Oyeseajlojohv> oseb}{ cb`db {koyb mv cb`dfdh sebf}

arcfbdkb* b$h$* pbsb}fda}v y}aksfsfodb}{$

Seb Sa}hbs Arcfbdkb

Fcbdsfv vor} sa}hbs arcfbdkb mv keoo{fdh bfseb} a hbdb}aj

o} a {ybkfajsv gor}daj$ Seb ayy}oy}fasb arcfbdkb cbybdc{

od seb lafd lb{{ahb o} adhjb o vor} ladr{k}fys$ @o}

bualyjb* a {srcv o seb cfahdo{sfk bpajrasfod o ajoybkfa

xorjc mb ayy}oy}fasb o} a {lajj adflaj y}aksfkb gor}daj*xeb}ba{ a {srcv o fllrdoef{sokeblfkaj basr}b{ o seb

kadfdb eaf} kvkjb xorjc mb lo}b {rfsbc so a cb}lasojohv

gor}daj$

Seb Gor}daj o seb Alb}fkad Pbsb}fda}v Lbcfkaj

A{{okfasfod* Pbsb}fda}v ]bko}c* adc Ar{s}ajfad Pbsb}fda}v

Gor}daja}b bualyjb{ o hbdb}aj gor}daj{ seas yrmjf{e

od ad a}}av o soyfk{ adc {b}pb cfpb}{b pbsb}fda}v

kod{sfsrbdkfb{$ Ladv pbsb}fda}v }b{ba}ke gor}daj{* {rke

a{ Pbsb}fda}v ]b{ba}ke Kollrdfkasfod{* Pbsb}fda}v

]b{ba}ke* adc MLK Pbsb}fda}v ]b{ba}ke* a}b aj{o

hbdb}aj fd {koyb$ Pbsb}fda}v {ybkfajsv gor}daj{ lav mb{ybkfb{,{ybkf`k %b$h$* Gor}daj o Apfad Lbcfkfdb adc

[r}hb}v* Bqrfdb Pbsb}fda}v Gor}daj o} cf{kfyjfdb,{ybkf`k

%b$h$* Pbsb}fda}v Adab{seb{fa adc Adajhb{fa* Pbsb}fda}v

Ya}a{fsojohv* Pbsb}fda}v [r}hb}v$

[ybkfajsv gor}daj{ yrmjf{ebc mv a{{okfasfod{* {okfbsfb{*

o} kojjbhb{ {ryyo}s sebf} lblmb}{efy adc cb`db

sebf} kollrdfsv mv yrmjf{efdh a}sfkjb{ adc }byo}s{ o

fdsb}b{s so seb h}ory adc mv {b}pfdh a{ mose a pbefkjb

o} s}afdbb yrmjfkasfod adc a }b{or}kb o} s}afdbb{


9/28


Seb [KFlaho Gor}daj ]adn %[G] f{ ad blb}hfdh

kolybsfso} so seb F[F flyaks akso}$ Fs* soo* lba{r}b{

kfsasfod{ yb} a}sfkjb* mrs fs r{b{ seb [KOYR[ casama{b

%yrmjf{ebc mv Bj{bpfb}* dos seb F[F casama{b$

Nbby fd lfdc lbs}fk{ kad lba{r}b seb opb}ajj fdrbdkb

o a gor}daj mrs sebv co dos dbkb{{a}fjv ko}}bjasb xfse seb

qrajfsv o seb gor}daj* fdcfpfcraj a}sfkjb{* o} arseo}{$ Xb

bdkor}ahb vor so kod{fcb} seb{b {sasf{sfk{ a{ odjv odb

akso} alodh ladv xebd cbkfcfdh xeb}b so yrmjf{e a

ladr{k}fys$

Sflb so Yrmjfkasfod

Xfse bjbks}odfk kollrdfkasfod adc odjfdb yrmjf{efdh*

seb sflb }ol {rmlf{{fod so yrmjfkasfod ea{ cbk}ba{bc

o} lo{s gor}daj{$ [olb gor}daj{ yrmjf{e seb casb aladr{k}fys xa{ }bkbfpbc adc akkbysbc* xefke hfpb{ vor

ad fcba o seb ybb},}bpfbx sflb }alb$ Odjfdb yrmjfkasfod

y}bkbcfdh y}fds yrmjfkasfod {fhdf`kadsjv }bcrkb{ seb sflb

}ol akkbysadkb so yrmjfkasfod$ Ajseorhe dos a basr}b

o lo{s pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* akkbjb}asbc }bpfbx adc }ayfc

yrmjfkasfod a}b ob}bc mv gor}daj{ fd efhejv kolybsfsfpb

`bjc{$

Yrmjfkasfod Ko{s{

Yrmjf{efdh a ybb},}bpfbxbc* bcfsbc* o}lassbc a}sfkjb fd

y}fds adc odjfdb f{ ad buybd{fpb y}okb{{$ [olb pbsb}fda}v

gor}daj{ }bkory sef{ ko{s mv kea}hfdh a eadcjfdh bb xebd

a ladr{k}fys f{ {rmlfssbc> oseb}{ eapb yahb kea}hb{ o}

kea}hb{ o} kojo} yjasb{$ [olb gor}daj{ ob} seb oysfod

o yrmjf{efdh kojo} odjv odjfdb* xfseors ko{s$ Gor}daj{

{rke a{ seb Gor}daj o Xfjcjfb Cf{ba{b{ob} lblmb}{

fd sebf} {okfbsv joxb} o} do yrmjfkasfod ko{s{$ @o} oybd

akkb{{ gor}daj{* arseo}{ a}b {olbsflb{ }b{yod{fmjb o}

{ryyo}sfdh seb ko{s o yrmjfkasfod se}orhe {rmlf{{fod

adc yrmjfkasfod bb{ seas kad mb {rm{sadsfaj* mrs lav mb

xafpbc o} arseo}{ fd jox,fdkolb kords}fb{$

Oybd akkb{{ gor}daj{ o} fdcfpfcraj a}sfkjb{ a}b

apafjamjb }bb odjfdb so ajj }bacb}{ adc a}b a {s}odh s}bdc

fd seb yrmjf{efdh fdcr{s}v$ Do,bb oybd akkb{{ gor}daj{

a}b r{rajjv {rm{fcfwbc mv ad fd{sfsrsfod o} hopb}dlbds

ahbdkv> {olb }af{b }bpbdrb }ol acpb}sf{fdh o} {okfbsv

lblmb}{efy$ @bb,ma{bc oybd akkb{{ %osbd kajjbc seb

hojcbd }oac }bqrf}b{ yavlbds }ol seb arseo} o}

yrmjfkasfod> yavlbds korjc mb se}orhe ad blyjovb} o}

se}orhe a }b{ba}ke h}ads$ H}bbd }oac oybd akkb{{

f{ ma{bc od {bj,a}kefpfdh fd a rdfpb}{fsv o} cf{kfyjfdb,

{ybkf`k }byo{fso}v o} fd ad a}kefpb {rke a{ YrmLbc

Kbds}aj$ Seb jassb} f{ ad fdfsfasfpb o seb Dasfodaj Fd{sfsrsb{

o Ebajse %DFE seas }bqrf}b{ a}kefpfdh o ajj DFE,rdcbc

{srcfb{* }bha}cjb{{ o seb gor}daj fd xefke sebv a}b

yrmjf{ebc$ Ladv {rm{k}fysfod,ma{bc gor}daj{ y}opfcb

oybd akkb{{ so a}sfkjb{ asb} a {ybkf`bc blma}ho yb}foc

%r{rajjv odb vba}$ Jfnb {rm{k}fysfod,ma{bc gor}daj{*

oybd akkb{{ yrmjfkasfod{ pa}v fd qrajfsv> arseo}{ {eorjc

ka}brjjv kod{fcb} sebf} mbdb`s{ adc c}axmakn{ mbo}b

sa}hbsfdh sebl$

Ladv yrmjf{eb}{ y}opfcb }bb o} }bcrkbc }asb gor}daj

{rm{k}fysfod{ so cbpbjoyfdh kords}fb{ se}orhe

ya}sfkfyasfod fd seb EFDA]F* FDA[Y* adc AHO]A y}ogbks{$

Flyaks @akso} adc ]bjasbc Lbs}fk{

Seb Flyaks @akso} f{ a xfcbjv r{bc drlb}fk fdcfkaso} o

seb kfsasfod }asb o a}sfkjb{ fd a gor}daj$ Seb addraj flyaks

akso} lba{r}b{ seb }bqrbdkv xfse xefke ad a}sfkjb fd

a gor}daj ea{ mbbd kfsbc od apb}ahb cr}fdh seb y}bpfor{

sxo vba}{$ Flyaks akso}{ a}b kajkrjasbc o} gor}daj{

keo{bd o} fdkjr{fod fd seb Seol{od ]brsb}{ F[F casama{b

adc a}b yrmjf{ebc fd Gor}daj Kfsasfod ]byo}s{$ Flyaks

akso}{ pa}v xfcbjv mv cf{kfyjfdb adc cf}bksjv }bbks seb

{fwb adc aksfpfsv o fs{ }b{ba}ke kollrdfsv %seb pbsb}fda}v

}b{ba}ke kollrdfsv f{ }bjasfpbjv {lajj$ Kfsasfod }asb{

aj{o a}b abksbc mv a}sfkjb svyb* {bj,kfsasfod{* adc oseb}

pa}famjb{> lo{s gor}daj{ akqrf}b seb lago}fsv o sebf}

kfsasfod{ }ol gr{s a bx a}sfkjb{$

Seb Bfhbd@akso}* adoseb} bpajrasfod lbseoc* r{b{ seb

{alb casa a{ seb flyaks akso}* mrs opb} a jodhb} %2,vba}

xfdcox o sflb adc* rdjfnb seb flyaks akso}* cob{ dos

fdkjrcb {bj,kfsasfod{$


10/28


Samjb 1$ @akso}{ so kod{fcb} fd {bjbksfdh a gor}daj

F{ seb soyfk o vor} ladr{k}fys xfsefd seb {koyb o seb gor}daj?

Xeo f{ vor} sa}hbs arcfbdkb?

Hbdb}aj y}aksfsfodb}{?

Kjfdfkaj {ybkfajf{s{?

]b{ba}keb}{?

Xfjj vor} a}sfkjb mb akkb{{fmjb so a m}oac arcfbdkb?

F{ seb gor}daj fdcbubc? Xeb}b?

F{ seb gor}daj yrmjf{ebc odjfdb?

Cob{ vor} sa}hbs arcfbdkb }bac Bdhjf{e?

Cob{ vor} a}sfkjb ayybaj so a m}oac hboh}ayefk arcfbdkb?

F{ seb gor}daj xbjj }b{ybksbc fd fs{ `bjc?

Xeo a}b seb bcfso}faj moa}c lblmb}{?

Xeo bj{b yrmjf{eb{ fd seb gor}daj?

Cob{ seb gor}daj yrmjf{e efhe,qrajfsv flahb{* samjb{* adc sbus?

Xeas a}b seb gor}daj{ lbs}fk{?

Cob{ fs eapb ad flyaks akso}?

Xeb}b cob{ fs }adn alodh {flfja} gor}daj{?

Xeas f{ seb sflb }ol {rmlf{{fod so akkbysadkb?

A}b seb}b yrmjfkasfod ko{s{ fdpojpbc?

Xeas yrmjfkasfod {b}pfkb{ cob{ seb gor}daj ob}?


11/28


2$ X]FSFDH VOR] A]SFKJB

cbh}bb{ adc kb}sf`kasfod{ odjv f seb gor}daj }bqrf}b{

sebl$ Arseo} a`jfasfod %cbya}slbds adc fd{sfsrsfod

{eorjc mb seas as seb sflb seb xo}n xa{ codb> {olb

gor}daj{ aj{o yrmjf{e kr}}bds a`jfasfod{ f sebv eapb

keadhbc$

Akko}cfdh so seb Fdsb}dasfodaj Kollfssbb o Lbcfkaj

Gor}daj Bcfso}{ %FKLGB* ad arseo} f{ {olbodb xeo ea{

lacb {rm{sadsfpb fdsbjjbksraj kods}fmrsfod{ so seb {srcv

kodkbysfod adc cb{fhd o} casa akqrf{fsfod* adajv{f{* adc

fdsb}y}bsasfod* adc xeo sanb{ }b{yod{fmfjfsv o} as jba{s

ya}s o seb xo}n$

Cods cfjrsb vor} kods}fmrsfod mv fdkjrcfdh arseo}{ xeo{b

kods}fmrsfod{ a}b fd{fhdf`kads o} dodbuf{sbds$ [flyjv

akqrf}fdh rdc{ o} opb}{bbfdh seb jamo}aso}v o} {srcv

h}ory cob{ dos xa}}ads arseo}{efy> do} {eorjc arseo}{efy

mb r{bc so }bxa}c }fbdc{ o} alfjv lblmb}{ o} so

akndoxjbchb seo{b fd yo{fsfod{ o yoxb}$ Hrb{s adc

hfs arseo}{efy* xeb}bmv ad fdcfpfcraj f{ fdkjrcbc a{ ad

arseo} mrs cfc dos kods}fmrsb {rm{sadsfpbjv so seb xo}n*

f{ rdakkbysamjb$ Bqrajjv rdakkbysamjb f{ seb olf{{fod o}

bukjr{fod o ad fdcfpfcraj xeo{b kods}fmrsfod xa}}ads{

arseo}{efy* {o,kajjbc heo{s arseo}{efy$ Do {fdhjb

o}lrja o} arseo}{efy ayyjfb{ so ajj {fsrasfod{* {o kod{rjs

ad buyb}fbdkbc lbdso}$

Xfse seb bukbysfod o seb `}{s arseo}* xeo f{ seb yb}{od

y}fla}fjv }b{yod{fmjb o} seb {srcv adc seb x}fsfdh* seb}b

a}b do buyjfkfs hrfcbjfdb{ }bha}cfdh arseo} o}cb}$ Seb ja{s

Seb}b f{ do {fdhjb mb{s ayy}oake so x}fsfdh$ Fs }bqrf}b{

okr{* sflb* adc cf{kfyjfdb adc f{ mb{s codb xebd vor

a}b aksfpbjv bdhahbc fd seb {srcv o} {ood asb} seb

y}ogbks f{ kolyjbsbc$ @fdc a qrfbs o} oseb}xf{b kodcrkfpb

bdpf}odlbds adc }blblmb} seas bpbd seb mb{s x}fsb}{

lr{s }bpf{b sebf} xo}n ladv sflb{$

Vor} fdfsfaj hoaj f{ so kolyjbsb a }orhe c}as o seb bdsf}b

ladr{k}fys> }bpf{fod kolb{ jasb}$ As seb mbhfddfdh o

seb y}okb{{* {bs a{fcb mjokn{ o ;,3 eor}{ so fllb}{b

vor}{bj fd x}fsfdh* }b{or}kb{* adc adajv{f{$ Ba}jv

y}bya}asfod o seb `hr}b{ adc samjb{ xfjj ebjy vor fcbdsfv

adc okr{ od seb lafd `dcfdh{$ Odkb vorpb mbhrd*

lafdsafd vor} lolbdsrl adc y}oh}b{{ mv cbcfkasfdh ;9,

32 lfdrsb{ bake cav so x}fsfdh$

Cbsb}lfdfdh Arseo}{efy

Fs f{ mb{s so cbsb}lfdb arseo}{efy adc arseo} o}cb} as

seb sflb seb {srcv f{ yjaddbc adc mbo}b fs f{ kodcrksbc$

So akkords o} keadhb{ fd kods}fmrsfod{* arseo} o}cb}

{eorjc mb }bpf{fsbc mose mbo}b adc asb} seb ladr{k}fys

f{ x}fssbd$ Ajjarseo}{ eapb a }ojb fd c}asfdh adc bcfsfdh

seb ladr{k}fys adc lr{s fdcfkasb sebf} ayy}opaj adc

akkbys }b{yod{fmfjfsv o} seb `daj pb}{fod {rmlfssbc o}

yrmjfkasfod$ Lanb {r}b ko,arseo}{ ah}bb xfse seb lafd

okr{ o seb ladr{k}fys adc seb {bjbksbc sa}hbs gor}daj$

Bd{r}b arseo} dalb{ a}b {ybjjbc akkr}asbjv* adc r{b

lfccjb fdfsfaj{ so akfjfsasb casama{b {ba}keb{$ Fdkjrcb

X}fsfdh a Ladr{k}fys


12/28


Am{s}aks

Fds}ocrksfod

Lasb}faj{ adc lbseoc{

]b{rjs{ Cf{kr{{fod

Ajseorhe }bpfbx a}sfkjb{ adc ka{b }byo}s{ r{b cfb}bds

o}las{* lo{s a}sfkjb{ eapb seb {alb mbhfddfdh

bjblbds{ %sfsjb* arseo}{* adc nbv xo}c{ adc bdc xfse

akndoxjbchlbds{* cf{kjo{r}b{* }bb}bdkb{* samjb{* `hr}b

kaysfod{* adc `hr}b{$

Mbhfd mv y}bya}fdh ad orsjfdb o seb ladr{k}fys r{fdh seb

AFL]aC ebacb}{$ [olb x}fsb}{ `dc fs ebjyrj so {flyjv

x}fsb seb xav sebv {yban o} xorjc sbjj a {so}v* }bpf{fdh

seb xo}cfdh jasb}$ Ajseorhe vor cods dbbc so x}fsb vor}

bdsf}b a}sfkjb fd seb o}cb} fd xefke fs xfjj `dajjv ayyba}*

x}fsfdh seb am{s}aks `}{s y}opfcb{ {kaojcfdh o} seb

lafd yofds{ o vor} {srcv$ A{ orsjfdbc mv AFL]aC* seb

Lbseoc{ a}b aksraj }byo}sfdh adc seb}bo}b a}b r{rajjv

ba{fb{s so x}fsb dbus$ @ojjox xfse seb ]b{rjs{ adc sebd

seb Fds}ocrksfod* bdcfdh xfse seb Cf{kr{{fod* xefke f{

mb{s x}fssbd asb} kolyjbsfdh seb oseb} {bksfod{$ Fdkjrcb

}bb}bdkb{ a{ vor x}fsb* r{fdh sblyo}a}v dosasfod{ o} ad

arsolasbc }bb}bdkb ladahb}$

Odkb vor kolyjbsb seb c}as* hfpb fs so a akrjsv acpf{o}

o} buyb}fbdkbc kojjbahrb o} }bpfbx adc bbcmakn$ R{b

{rm{bqrbds }bpf{fod{ so fdko}yo}asb sebf} {rhhb{sfod{adc so yojf{e seb c}as$ Bd{r}b seas7

fdo}lasfod f{ kolyjbsb

aks{ adc `hr}b{ a}b akkr}asb

}bb}bdkb{ a}b ko}}bks

sb}lfdojohv f{ kod{f{sbds

seb ya}s{ o seb ladr{k}fys o}l a koeb}bds xeojb

[bdc seb }bpf{bc ladr{k}fys so vor} ko,arseo}{ o}

}bpfbx adc hfpb sebl a cbacjfdb so }b{yodc %adc a

}ba{odamjb busbd{fod f dbbcbc> sflbjv kooyb}asfod f{ ad

b{{bdsfaj ya}s o arseo}{efy$

Ladr{k}fys{ r{rajjv rdcb}ho lrjsfyjb }bpf{fod{! Mbo}b

`dajfwfdh vor} ladr{k}fys* y}oo}bac fs ka}brjjv adc

lanb ajj dbkb{{a}v ko}}bksfod{ so {ybjjfdh* h}alla}*

yrdksrasfod* adc o}las* kebknfdh ahafd seb hrfcbjfdb{ o}

arseo}{$ [bdc seb `daj pb}{fod so ajj o vor} ko,arseo}{

xebd vor {rmlfs seb ladr{k}fys o} yrmjfkasfod$

arseo} f{ osbd* mrs dos ajxav{* seb lbdso} o seb `}{s

arseo}$ [olb gor}daj{ }bkollbdc seas arseo}{ mb jf{sbc

fd o}cb} o cbk}ba{fdh kods}fmrsfod so seb {srcv adc seb

x}fsfdh> oseb}{ }bqrf}b a cb{k}fysfod o seb kods}fmrsfod o

bake arseo} ryod {rmlf{{fod o seb ladr{k}fys$ [olb

lbcfkaj gor}daj{ yrmjf{e seb{b kods}fmrso}{efy{ sohbseb}

xfse seb a}sfkjb adc aj{o fcbdsfv odb o} lo}b arseo}{

a{ hra}adso}{ o seb fdsbh}fsv o seb xo}n cb{k}fmbc fd

seb a}sfkjb$ Sef{ y}aksfkb f{ dos xfcb{y}bac fd pbsb}fda}v

gor}daj{* mrs fs kad mb buybksbc fd seb rsr}b a{ bcfso}{

xo}n so y}olosb akkordsamfjfsv adc bsefkaj arseo}{efy

y}aksfkb{$

Kods}fmrsfod{ seas co dos xa}}ads arseo}{efy kad

mb }bkohdfwbc fd seb akndoxjbchlbds{ {bksfod o a

ladr{k}fys$ Ad akndoxjbchlbds f{ ayy}oy}fasb* o}

bualyjb* o} a pbsb}fda}fad xeo }bb}}bc a ka{b %xfseorskods}fmrsfdh {rm{sadsfpbjv so seb }byo}s o} {srcv o} o}

yr}bjv sbkedfkaj {ryyo}s* {ryyo}s }ol a cbya}slbds keaf}*

o} a{{f{sadkb fd x}fsfdh seb ladr{k}fys$

Hrfcbjfdb{ o} Arseo}{

]bac vor} sa}hbs gor}daj{ hrfcbjfdb{ o} fd{s}rksfod{

o} arseo}{ mbo}b vor mbhfd so x}fsb adc ojjox sebl

kjo{bjv> afjr}b so buyjfkfsjv ojjox seb hrfcbjfdb{ xfjj as

mb{s cbjav y}okb{{fdh o vor} ladr{k}fys adc as xo}{s

jbac so }bgbksfod$ Arseo} hrfcbjfdb{ r{rajjv fdkjrcb7

sbkedfkaj {ybkf`kasfod{ {rke a{ a}sfkjb svyb{*

o}lassfdh* xo}c jflfs{* adc }bb}bdkb {svjb

a cb{k}fysfod o seb ybb},}bpfbx y}okb{{

bcfso}faj yojfkfb{* {rke a{ bsefkaj }bqrf}blbds{ o}

adflaj r{b adc yojfkfb{ od cryjfkasb yrmjfkasfod

[olb gor}daj{ y}opfcb hrfcbjfdb{ od x}fsfdh* {sasf{sfkaj

adajv{f{* adc dolbdkjasr}b$ Hrfcbjfdb{ pa}v kod{fcb}amjv

}ol gor}daj so gor}daj> kebkn seb lo{s kr}}bds pb}{fod

adc kod{rjs a }bkbds f{{rb o seb gor}daj so {bb bualyjb{

o o}las adc kodsbds$

O}hadfwfdh adc X}fsfdh Vor} Ladr{k}fys %AFL]aC&

[kfbdsf`k ladr{k}fys{ a}b o}hadfwbc fd a {flfja} adc

kod{f{sbds laddb}* xfse lfdo} pa}fasfod{ cbybdcfdh od

seb gor}daj* cf{kfyjfdb* adc svyb o a}sfkjb$ AFL]aC f{ seb

ak}odvl o} seb lago} {bqrbdsfaj {bksfod{ o a }b{ba}ke

ladr{k}fys7


13/28


cf{kr{{bc$ Am{s}aks{ o} ka{b }byo}s{ {eorjc mbhfd xfse

{ajfbds fdo}lasfod amors seb adflaj%{* lbseoc{ r{bc fd

seb fdpb{sfhasfod* seb dcfdh{* adc seb dopbj fdo}lasfod

hafdbc$

Am{s}aks{ {eorjc y}fla}fjv }bbks seb dbx xo}n adc

`dcfdh{ fd seb a}sfkjb>seb}bo}b* seb }b{rjs{ a}b seb lo{s

flyo}sads ya}s* ojjoxbc mv lbseoc{$ Cods {rlla}fwb seb

jfsb}asr}b o} kfsb }bb}bdkb{> }aseb}* r{b seb maknh}ordc

adc kodkjr{fod{ so }alb seb `dcfdh{ fd a m}oacb} kodsbus$

Mb {r}b so }bpf{b vor} am{s}aks a{ vor }bpf{b vor} yayb} so

bd{r}b seb casa adc sbus a}b kod{f{sbds$

Fds}ocrksfod

Seb fds}ocrksfod {eorjc mb {rkkfdks %ayy}ouflasbjv sxo

ya}ah}aye{* kodpbvfdh so seb }bacb} xev seb {rmgbks

f{ flyo}sads adc m}fbv cb{k}fmfdh xeas fdo}lasfodf{ ndoxd$ Co dos y}opfcb a koly}bebd{fpb }bpfbx o

seb jfsb}asr}b* mrs co {sasb kjba}jv seb }asfodajb o} vor}

{srcv ajodh xfse vor} evyoseb{f{ o} }b{ba}ke qrb{sfod

adc {ybkf`k omgbksfpb{$ @o} bualyjb* f vor} {srcv f{ od

s}baslbds o evyb}sev}ofcf{l fd kas{* seb maknh}ordc

m}fbv kodpbv{ seb flyo}sadkb o sef{ cf{ba{b adc fs{

cbs}flbdsaj bbks{ od kas{* seb y}omjbl{ a{{okfasbc xfse

kr}}bds s}baslbds oysfod{* adc seb }asfodajb o} bpajrasfdh

a dbx odb$ Vor} evyoseb{f{ f{ seas seb dbx s}baslbds

xfjj mb a{ bbksfpb a{ seb ojc odb adc xfjj y}bpbds seb

kolyjfkasfod{$ Vor} omgbksfpb{ lfhes mb so kolya}b

seb bbksfpbdb{{ o seb dbx s}baslbds xfse kr}}bds

lbcfkasfod{ fd a koeo}s o evyb}sev}ofc kas{* r{fdh {b}rl

S3 kodkbds}asfod a{ ad fdcfkaso} o bbksfpbdb{{* adc

yjasbjbs kords{ a{ ad fdcfkaso} o s}baslbds,a{{okfasbc

se}olmokvsoybdfa$ Asb} {sasfdh seb omgbksfpb{* acc a

{bdsbdkb {rlla}fwfdh eox sef{ ya}sfkrja} ayy}oake xfjj

ebjy `jj seb hay{ fd fdo}lasfod y}bpfor{jv {sasbc$ Co dos

{rlla}fwb seb {srcv dcfdh{ eb}b$

Lasb}faj{ adc lbseoc{

Sef{ {bksfod {eorjc cb{k}fmb seb {srcv lbseoc{ fd johfkaj

o}cb} adc fd {r`kfbds cbsafj so ajjox seb {srcv so mb}by}ocrkbc mv oseb}{$ @o} }bacb}{ xo}nfdh fd vor} {alb

}b{ba}ke a}ba* sef{ kad mb seb lo{s flyo}sads {bksfod$

Fd accfsfod so {srcv cb{fhd adc adajvsfkaj lbseoc{*

{sasf{sfkaj lbseoc{ adc {sasblbds{ }bha}cfdh bsefkaj

adflaj r{b {eorjc mb fdkjrcbc fd sef{ {bksfod$

Kjba}jv cb`db vor} {srcv a{ bfseb} y}o{ybksfpb %yjaddbc

y}fo} so casa kojjbksfod o} }bs}o{ybksfpb %yjaddbc asb}

casa kojjbksfod adc seb {ybkf`k svyb %b$h$* }adcolfwbc

kjfdfkaj s}faj* koeo}s {srcv$ Xebd }bjbpads* fdcfkasb

Sfsjb adc nbv xo}c{

Sohbseb} xfse seb am{s}aks* seb sfsjb f{ seb lo{s }bqrbdsjv

}bac ya}s o vor} a}sfkjb adc f{ osbd r{bc o} casama{b

{ba}keb{$ ]bacb}{ aj{o r{b seb sfsjb so cbkfcb xebseb}

so }bac ad a}sfkjb* {o fs {eorjc kaysr}b sebf} assbdsfod$

Sfsjb{ {eorjc mb akkr}asb* fdo}lasfpb* {rkkfdks* adc

}by}b{bdsasfpb %dos lf{jbacfdh$ Sfsjb{ kad mb fdcfkasfpbo

seb dasr}b o seb {srcv %b$h$* Seb bbks o s}baslbds od

lbsamojfk akfco{f{ fd {lajj }rlfdads{* o} sebv kad mb

fdo}lasfpbadc cbjfpb} seb lb{{ahb o seb {srcv %b$h$*

]ayfc s}baslbds cbk}ba{b{ lo}sajfsv fd {lajj }rlfdads{

xfse lbsamojfk akfco{f{$ Mb cb{k}fysfpb* r{b {ybkf`k

sb}l{* adc apofc amm}bpfasfod{ adc y}oy}fbsa}v dalb{$

[olb gor}daj{ }bqrb{s a {eo}s sfsjb %}rddfdh sfsjb so r{b fd

seb yahb ebacb} o seb a}sfkjb$

Seb grcfkfor{ {bjbksfod o or} so {fu nbv xo}c{ seascfb}}ol seb xo}c{ fd seb sfsjb f{ flyo}sads mbkar{b

sebv hrfcb fdcbub}{ adc yrmjf{eb} {ba}ke bdhfdb{$

[olb gor}daj{ aj{o }bqrf}b a jf{s o amm}bpfasfod{ as seb

mbhfddfdh o seb ladr{k}fys$

Am{s}aks

Seb am{s}aks f{ seb lo{s akkb{{fmjb* rdksfodaj* adc

xfcbjv }bac ya}s o ad a}sfkjb$ Seb}bo}b* a xbjj,x}fssbd

am{s}aks f{ k}fsfkaj o} akkr}asbjv kodpbvfdh seb lo{s

flyo}sads a{ybks{ o vor} }b{ba}ke> fs {eorjc {sadc

ajodb adc y}opfcb kodsbus a{ xbjj a{ }b{rjs{$ Am{s}aks{

a}b svyfkajjv =29,;29 xo}c{ fd jbdhse* xfse {s}fks

xo}c jflfs{ bdo}kbc mv seb gor}daj bcfso}$ [s}rksr}bc

am{s}aks{ r{b ebacb}{* {rke a{ Maknh}ordc* Omgbksfpb{/

Evyoseb{f{* Lbseoc{* ]b{rjs{* adc Kodkjr{fod{ o}

Kjfdfkaj Flyo}sadkb* so {rmcfpfcb seb kodsbds adc lf}}o}

seb lago} {bksfod{ o seb ladr{k}fys> rd{s}rksr}bc

am{s}aks{ a}b r{rajjv a {fdhjb ya}ah}aye$ Bpbd f dos

}bqrf}bc mv vor} sa}hbs gor}daj* {s}rksr}b hfpb{ {eayb so

ad am{s}aks adc ebjy{ bd{r}b vor }blblmb} so fdkjrcb ajj

seb dbkb{{a}v adc flyo}sads fdo}lasfod$ Mv o}hadfwfdh

fdo}lasfod fd a }bkohdfwamjb yassb}d* a {s}rksr}bc

am{s}aks aj{o ebjy{ }bacb}{ adc }bpfbxb}{ rdcb}{sadcvor} xo}n$

As a lfdflrl* am{s}aks{ {eorjc fdkjrcb odb o} sxo

{bdsbdkb{ o maknh}ordc seas {bs seb kodsbus adc

}asfodajb o} seb {srcv> seb yr}yo{b o} omgbksfpb{ o

seb {srcv> a m}fb cb{k}fysfod o lbseoc{> a {rlla}v

o seb lafd }b{rjs{* fdkjrcfdh casa adc y}omamfjfsfb{

%{ybkf`k {sasf{sfkaj sb{s{ dbbc dos mb jf{sbc> adc odb o}

sxo {bdsbdkb{ seas {rlla}fwb seb lafd kodkjr{fod{

adc flyjfkasfod{ %dbpb} {flyjv {sasb* Sef{ xfjj mb


14/28

1= =911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

{eorjc mb cb`dbc$ F yb}sfdbds* cb{k}fmb eox casa xb}b

sb{sbc o} do}lajfsv* xeas sb{s{ xb}b ayyjfbc* adc eox

{sasf{sfkaj {fhdf`kadkb %seb ajyea pajrb xa{ cb`dbc$

Fdkjrcb ayy}oy}fasb fdcfkaso}{ o pa}fadkb adc rdkb}safdsv*

fdkjrcfdh kod`cbdkb fdsb}paj{$

]b{rjs{

Seb ]b{rjs{ fdkjrcb a m}fb cb{k}fysfod fd seb sbus o seb

lago} `dcfdh{* adc seb kjba} adc kodkf{b y}b{bdsasfod o

casa fd samjb{ adc `hr}b{$ O}hadfwb seb {bksfod{ o seb

}b{rjs{ johfkajjv adc fd ya}ajjbj xfse seb lbseoc{$

@o} qradsfsasfpb casa* }byo}s odjv seb drlmb} o cfhfs{

y}opfcbc mv seb lba{r}fdh cbpfkb a{ ad fdcfkaso} o fs{

y}bkf{fod %ad accfsfodaj cfhfs kad mb accbc so seb [C

o} [BL$ @o} bualyjb* eblasok}fs f{ lba{r}bc so odb

cbkflaj yjakb* xeb}ba{ AJS aksfpfsv f{ lba{r}bc so

seb dba}b{s xeojb drlmb}$ Co dos }byo}s casa {ojbjv

a{ yb}kbdsahb{> mb {r}b seb drlmb}{ }ol xefke

seb yb}kbdsahb{ xb}b cb}fpbc a}b fdkjrcbc$ R{b o

kodpbdsfodaj o} [F rdfs{ {eorjc ojjox arseo} hrfcbjfdb{$

[sasf{sfkaj {fhdf`kadkb {eorjc mb }byo}sbc r{fdh seb

aksraj Y pajrb o} fdcfpfcraj kolya}f{od{ %o} : o} lrjsfyjb

kolya}f{od{$ Y pajrb{ dbbc dos mb }byo}sbc o} yo{s,eok

sb{s{ %ojjoxfdh ADOPA* o} fd{sadkb* mrs vor {eorjc

fdcfkasb xefke h}ory{ cfb}$ Xeb}b lrjsfyjb {sasf{sfkaj

sb{s{ a}b r{bc* fs f{ r{brj so }bb} so seb {sasf{sfkaj

sb{s r{bc ojjoxfdh seb Y pajrb$ Samjb{ adc `hr}b{ %{bbmbjox h}ory casa pf{rajjv adc ebjy blyea{fwb flyo}sads

basr}b{ o seb casa$ Cods }bybas seb casa fd seb sbus o}

cf}bksjv }bb} so a `hr}b o} samjb$ @o} bualyjb* fd{sbac o

{sasfdh$ @fhr}b 1 {eox{ seb a}sfkrja} }aksr}b* {sasb Seb

a}sfkrja} }aksr}b xa{ kea}aksb}fwbc mv a k}b{kbds,{eaybc

jrkbdkv %@fhr}b 1$ Lanb {r}b ajj samjb{ adc `hr}b{ a}b

kfsbc fd seb y}oyb} o}cb}$

Cf{kr{{fod

Fd sef{ `daj {bksfod vor cf{kr{{ vor} }b{rjs{ fd seb

kodsbus o seb {srcv omgbksfpb{ adc seb jfsb}asr}b* adc

c}ax kodkjr{fod{ o} hbdb}ajfwb vor} }b{rjs{ so oseb}

yoyrjasfod{$ Lo{s {srcfb{ a}b dos yb}bks> sebv bdkordsb}

om{sakjb{* bfseb} adsfkfyasbc o} rdo}b{bbd$ So seb busbds

vor} casa a}b {sfjj pajfc adc flyo}sads* yrmjfk }bkohdfsfod

o seb jflfsasfod{ ebjy{ seb }bacb} rdcb}{sadc seb

r{brjdb{{ o vor} {srcv$ Fd kolya}fdh vor} xo}n xfse

oseb} {srcfb{* fdkjrcb kfsasfod{ odjv so }bjbpadsjfsb}asr}b>

cods kfsb bpb}v yayb} od seb soyfk$ Apofc {ybkrjasfod adc

cods {flyjv }b{sasb vor} }b{rjs{ o} fdo}lasfod aj}bacv

xebseb} }byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{ eapb mbbd ojjoxbc>

kod{fcb} r{fdh a ox kea}s so cb`db vor} {sby{$

[ybkfv xeb}b adc xebd seb {srcv xa{ kodcrksbc$ Fs

f{ fd{r`kfbds so {flyjv kfsb adoseb} {srcv so }asfodajfwb

{srcv cb{fhd* a{ dos ajj yrmjf{ebc {srcfb{ a}b y}oyb}jv

cb{fhdbc> }aseb}* seb cb{fhd {eorjc mb ma{bc od seb

evyoseb{f{ adc omgbksfpb{ o vor} {srcv$

Cb{k}fmb vor} {alyjb yoyrjasfod adc yasfbds {bjbksfod$

Xebd r{fdh kjfbds,oxdbc adflaj{* {sasb seb lbseoc

adc {fsb o adflaj akk}raj o} {alyjb {bjbksfod adc

y}opfcb fdkjr{fod adc bukjr{fod k}fsb}fa> kjba}jv cb`db

h}ory{$ F yb}sfdbds* cb{k}fmb buyjfkfsjv eox {bjbksfod

xa{ }adcolfwbc$ [sasb seb sflb yb}foc %lodse/vba}

so lodse/vba} fd xefke seb {srcv xa{ kodcrksbc$ Mb

{r}b so fdkjrcb ajj akso}{ yb}sfdbds so seb {srcv* {rke a{

m}bbc* ahb* {bu* adc mocv xbfhes$ F ebajsev adflaj{xb}b r{bc a{ a kods}oj yoyrjasfod* cb{k}fmb kjba}jv eox

ebajse {sasr{ xa{ cbsb}lfdbc$ F xfjcjfb yoyrjasfod{

a}b r{bc* fdcfkasb sebf} jokasfod* seb lbseoc{ o kaysr}b

adc }b{s}afds* adc seb dbkb{{a}v yb}lfs{ adc ahbdkv

ayy}opaj{ seas xb}b omsafdbc$ [ybkfv kjba}jv seb

xav{ fd xefke adflaj{ xb}b r{bc adc eor{bc adc seb

fd{sfsrsfodaj* dasfodaj* o} fdsb}dasfodaj hrfcbjfdb{ seas xb}b

ojjoxbc so bd{r}b erladb adc bsefkaj adflaj ka}b$

Y}opfcb ajj cbsafj{ o {alyjb kojjbksfod* eadcjfdh* adc

adajv{f{$ @o} bualyjb7

[srcfb{ fdpojpfdh mjooc {alyjfdh {eorjc cb{k}fmbseb sflfdh* a{sfdh {sasr{* pbdfyrdksr}b {fsb*

pojrlb kojjbksbc* srmb r{bc* {so}ahb %cr}asfod adc

sblyb}asr}b* adc lbseoc{ adc rdfs{ o adajv{f{$

Flahfdh {srcfb{ {eorjc y}opfcb cbsafj{ amors flahb

akqrf{fsfod* o}fbdsasfod* adc {bqrbdkb$

Seb}aybrsfk {srcfb{ {eorjc y}opfcb c}rh co{ahb{*

}bqrbdkv* adc }orsb%{ o aclfdf{s}asfod$

[srcfb{ r{fdh {ko}fdh {v{sbl{ o} {rmgbksfpb lba{r}b{

{eorjc kjba}jv cb`db seb {v{sbl adc fdcfkasb xeo

yb}o}lbc seb {ko}fdh* sebf} qrajf`kasfod{ %f }bjbpads*

adc xebseb} sebv xb}b mjfdcbc so oseb} fdo}lasfod fdseb {srcv$

Cods cb{k}fmb {sadca}c o} rdlocf`bc lbseoc{ fd cbsafj>

kfsb }bb}bdkb{ fd{sbac$ Y}opfcb seb m}adc* ladraksr}b}*

adc {or}kb o ajj fd{s}rlbds{* y}ocrks{* lbcfkasfod{* adc

}bahbds{ akko}cfdh so gor}daj {svjb$

Cb{k}fmb fd cbsafj lbseoc{ o {sasf{sfkaj adajv{f{a{ xbjj

a{ seb {osxa}b y}oh}al{ r{bc so adajvwb seb casa %kfsfdh

}bb}bdkb{ a{ dbbcbc> {sasf{sfkaj sb}l{ adc pa}famjb{


15/28

1;=911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

m}ox{fdh vor} a}sfkjb xfjj okr{ od seb samjb{ adc `hr}b{

so bus}aks nbv fdo}lasfod amors vor} a}sfkjb$ Seb}bo}b*

samjb{ adc `hr}b{ {eorjc mb {bj,buyjadaso}v adc {sadc

od sebf} oxd xfseors }bb}bdkb so seb sbus$

A samjb {eorjc kodpbv odjv odb o} sxo lafd yofds{ adc

fs{ sfsjb {eorjc kodsafd {r`kfbds fdo}lasfod so cb{k}fmb

seb kodsbds$ @oosdosb{ %akko}cfdh so seb gor}daj{

{svjb kad mb r{bc so cb`db amm}bpfasfod{ adc y}opfcb

fdo}lasfod amors casa* h}ory{* adc {sasf{sfkaj adajv{f{$

Pb}fv {fhdf`kads cfhfs{ adc bd{r}b yb}kbdsahb{ acc ry so

199"$ Ajxav{ fdkjrcb lba{r}b{ o pa}fadkb* {rke a{ [C

adc kod`cbdkb fdsb}paj{$ Fd javfdh ors vor} samjb{* nbby

eo}fwodsaj jfdb{ so a lfdflrl adc apofc pb}sfkaj jfdb{$

Yjos{ adc h}aye{ aj{o {eorjc fdkjrcb ayy}oy}fasb

lba{r}b{ o pa}fadkb* b$h$* b}}o} ma}{* a{ xbjj a{

ayy}oy}fasb {kajb{ so apofc cf{so}sfdh seb casa$ Rdjb{{

kojo} f{ b{{bdsfaj* seb `hr}b {eorjc mb mjakn od a xefsb

maknh}ordc$ @o} akkr}asb }bacamfjfsv* jambj aub{ r{fdh a

{ad{,{b}f ods* {rke a{ Ebjpbsfka o} A}faj$ [flyjb adc

rdkjrssb}bc `hr}b{ kodpbv vor} lb{{ahb lo}b bbksfpbjv

sead co kolyjbu odb{$ Lanb {r}b cbsafj{ o ajj flahb{

a}b ja}hb adc kjba} bdorhe so mb pf{fmjb xebd seb `hr}b

f{ }bcrkbc so odb,kojrld xfcse$

Flahb{ {eorjc mb }by}b{bdsasfpb adc fdkjrcb ad fdsb}daj

{kajb la}nb}$ Ef{sojohfk {bksfod{ {eorjc mb o}fbdsbc

y}oyb}jv %b$h$* {nfd mfoy{fb{ {eorjc eapb seb byfcb}lf{ as

seb soy> flahb{ o ya}a{fsb{ {eorjc ayyba} od a xefsbmaknh}ordc$ Mb kb}safd seb lahdf`kasfod f{ acbqrasb

so yo}s}av seb basr}b{ o fdsb}b{s$ Acc a}}ox{ o} oseb}

fdcfkaso}{ so akfjfsasb rdcb}{sadcfdh$ [ea}y okr{ adc

kjba} jambj{ a}b b{{bdsfaj> jambj lrjsf,ya}s `hr}b{ kjba}jv

%b$h$* A* M* adc bd{r}b seas bake ya}s f{ cb{k}fmbc fd

seb kaysfod$ K}oy flahb{ so olfs bus}adbor{ {yakb adc

blyea{fwb nbv yofds{* mrs cods ajsb} o} k}oy sebl fd

xav{ seas xorjc kodpbv aj{b fdo}lasfod$

Jf{s seb `hr}b kaysfod{ sohbseb} od a {bya}asb yahb as

seb bdc o vor} sbus cokrlbds$ Mbhfd bake kaysfod xfse a

sfsjb {sasfdh xeas seb h}aye* yjos* o} flahb kodpbv{* b$h$*Mjadc,Ajslad yjos o ]MK kords{ omsafdbc }ol sxo

eblasojohv adajvwb}{ o} Ebjfkaj kolyrsbc soloh}ayev

flahb{ o S11 }ol seb lfc,pb}sbm}aj mocv* ojjoxbc

mv a m}fb cb{k}fysfod o seb `dcfdh{ fd seb `hr}b$

Amm}bpfasfod{ o} {vlmoj{ r{bc fd seb `hr}b {eorjc mb

cb`dbc adc yb}sfdbds {sasf{sfkaj fdo}lasfod y}opfcbc$

@o} lfk}o{koyfk flahb{* fdcfkasb seb sf{{rb* svyb o

y}bya}asfod %b$h$* fly}fds* {ybkfb{ %f dos ompfor{ }ol

seb a}sfkjb* a m}fb cb{k}fysfod o xeas seb flahb {eox{*

y}b{bdsbc fd seb fds}ocrksfod$ @okr{ od seb {s}bdhse{ adc

jflfsasfod{ o vor} {srcv adc kollbds od adv rdr{raj

o} rdbuybksbc dcfdh{$ [rhhb{s cf}bksfod{ o} rsr}b

}b{ba}ke ma{bc od seb orskolb{ o vor} {srcv$

Seb cf{kr{{fod {bksfod f{ osbd seb lo{s cf`krjs so x}fsb*

fd ya}s mbkar{b seb o}las adc kodsbds a}b efhejv {srcv,

cbybdcbds$ Seb }{s ya}ah}aye {eorjc bdkay{rjasb seb

lo{s flyo}sads adc dbx `dcfdh{ o seb {srcv o} ka{b

adc {eorjc fdcfkasb xebseb} vor} evyoseb{f{ xa{ ko}}bks

adc vor} omgbksfpb{ xb}b akefbpbc$ Seb ja{s ya}ah}aye

{eorjc {sasb seb lafd kodkjr{fod{ adc flyjfkasfod{

c}axd }ol vor} dcfdh{$ Seb ya}ah}aye{ fd seb lfccjb

kad ya}ajjbj seb o}cb} o seb }b{rjs{ o} jbac }ol seb

lo{s so seb jba{s flyo}sads `dcfdh fd seb {srcv* r{fdh a

dbx ya}ah}aye o} bake cf{kr{{fod yofds$ Ajxav{ mbhfd

ya}ah}aye{ xfse seb lo{s flyo}sads {bdsbdkb adc ojjoxxfse {ryyo}sfdh {bdsbdkb{$

]bb}bdkb{

So y}opfcb ad bpfcbdkb,ma{bc kodsbus o} vor} xo}n*

}bb}bdkb{ {eorjc mb }bjbpads* akkr}asb* adc okr{bc

od seb y}fla}v jfsb}asr}b$ Mb {r}b so r{b seb gor}daj{

}bb}bdkb {svjb o} kfsfdh }bb}bdkb{ fd seb sbus adc o}

seb mfmjfoh}ayev fs{bj$ @o} a}sfkjb{ yrmjf{ebc fd adoseb}

jadhrahb* fdkjrcb seb o}fhfdaj sfsjb mrs ojjox fs xfse a

m}aknbsbc Bdhjf{e s}ad{jasfod o seb sfsjb$

Vor a}b }b{yod{fmjb o} seb akkr}akv o ajj }bb}bdkb{*mose seb kfsasfod cbsafj{ adc seb fdo}lasfod mbfdh

ass}fmrsbc so seas kfsasfod$ Cods y}oyahasb kfsasfod b}}o}{

ordc fd oseb} yayb}{ %seb}b a}b ladv adc cods kfsb a

}bb}bdkb ma{bc odjv od seb am{s}aks o} mbkar{b fs xa{

}bb}bdkbc fd adoseb} yayb}$ Lfdflfwb kfsasfod o dod,

ybb},}bpfbxbc {or}kb{ {rke a{ moon keaysb}{* }bpfbx

a}sfkjb{* adc y}okbbcfdh{> sebv kad fdkjrcb rdpb}f`bc

o} adbkcosaj fdo}lasfod$ Kfsb odjv seb lo{s }bkbds

bcfsfod o sbusmoon{ adc apofc kfsfdh am{s}aks{ bukbys o}

pb}v }bkbds {srcfb{* a{ sebv kodsafd jflfsbc fdo}lasfod

adc odjv y}bjflfda}v }b{rjs{$ F vor omsafdbc k}fsfkaj

fdo}lasfod se}orhe a yb}{odaj kollrdfkasfod* fcbdsfvseb fdcfpfcraj mv dalb adc a`jfasfod adc omsafd ef{ o} eb}

yb}lf{{fod so mb kfsbc$

Samjb{ adc `hr}b{

[bjbks seb oysflaj xav so y}b{bds vor} casa> {flyjb

casa lfhes mb mb{s }byo}sbc fd seb sbus* xeb}ba{

koly}bebd{fpb o} lo}b kolyjfkasbc casa kad osbd mb

y}b{bdsbc lo{s bbksfpbjv fd h}ayefk cf{yjav{$ ]bacb}{


16/28


Akndoxjbchlbds{ adc cf{kjo{r}b{

Fd accfsfod so akndoxjbchfdh seb dalb{ adc a`jfasfod{

o fdcfpfcraj{ xeo kods}fmrsbc so seb {srcv* ajj {or}kb{

o rdcfdh* hfs{* adc codasbc lasb}faj{ adc bqrfylbds

{eorjc mb akndoxjbchbc* fdkjrcfdh seb }bb}bdkb

drlmb}{ o h}ads{$ Ladv gor}daj{ aj{o }bqrf}b a {bya}asb

cf{kjo{r}b {sasblbds as seb bdc o seb a}sfkjb$ Sef{ r{rajjv

fdkjrcb{ adv `dadkfaj o} oseb} }bjasfod{efy{ od seb ya}s

o seb arseo}{ xfse o}hadfwasfod{* ko}yo}asfod{* o} oseb}

bdsfsfb{ seas a}b }bjasbc so seb {rmgbks o} kodsbds o seb

{srcv$ Fd {olb ka{b{* accfsfodaj a`jfasfod{ dos cf}bksjv

}bjasbc so seb {srcv* {rke a{ yafc {b}pfkb fd a {ybanb}{

mr}bar* a}b fdkjrcbc$ F vor eapb do kolybsfdh fdsb}b{s{*

mb {r}b so {sasb seas$

adc seb {safd* fdkjrcfdh seb ke}olahbd o} fllrdo{safd{$

Fd seb am{bdkb o a {kajb la}nb}* {ybkfv seb `daj

lahdf`kasfod o} seb omgbksfpb jbd{ o} yeosolfk}oh}aye{$

Ayybdcfkb{ adc {ryyjblbdsaj lasb}faj

[olb gor}daj{ yb}lfs fdkjr{fod o {ryyjblbdsaj odjfdb

lasb}faj{ %sbus* samjb{* hr}b{* pfcbo{* ayybdcfkb{*

ajjoxfdh vor so fdkjrcb fdo}lasfod o fdsb}b{s so

{bjbks }bacb}{ xefjb nbbyfdh vor} y}fdsbc a}sfkjb

{rkkfdks$ @o} bualyjb* pfcbo{ o y}okbcr}b{* {rke a{

bkeoka}cfoh}ayev* lav mb {ryyjblbdsaj so ad a}sfkjb

fd Pbsb}fda}v Ka}cfojohv$ Seb {ryyo}sfdh lasb}faj{

a}b }bpfbxbc ajodh xfse seb ladr{k}fys* mrs vor a}b

}b{yod{fmjb o} sebf} kodsbds adc rdksfodajfsv$


17/28


Samjb =$ Ladr{k}fys o}hadfwasfod yfs`ajj{ adc eox so apofc sebl

Y}omjbl [ojrsfod

Seb {ybkf`k afl{ a}b dos acc}b{{bc

fd seb lbseoc{ o} }b{rjs{$

Ajj {ybkf`k afl{ fdcfkasbc fd seb fds}ocrksfod {eorjc jbac so a cb{k}fysfod o

seb lbseoc{ adc seb }b{rjs{ o} seas afl$

Lbseoc{ adc }b{rjs{ a}b y}opfcbc

seas co dos laske seb {ybkf`k afl{

o seb {srcv$

Ajj lbseoc{ adc }b{rjs{ {eorjc mb jfdnbc so odb o} lo}b o seb {ybkf`k afl{

o seb {srcv$

Lbseoc{ adc }b{rjs{ cods laske$ @o} bpb}v lbseoc seb}b {eorjc mb a }b{rjs adc o} bpb}v }b{rjs seb}b {eorjc

mb a lbseoc> sebv {eorjc mb fd kolyjbsb ah}bblbds$

]b{rjs{ a}b cb{k}fmbc fd lbseoc{$ Xebdbpb} a lbseoc f{ cb{k}fmbc* seb orskolb{ {eorjc mb kod{fcb}bc a{

}b{rjs{$ Bualyjb7 Xebd a lbseoc o} seb {bjbksfod o ka{b{ f{ cb{k}fmbc* seb

drlmb} o ka{b{ fdkjrcbc fd seb {srcv f{ a }b{rjs$ Bualyjb7 Xebd ad a{{av f{

mbfdh cbpbjoybc a{ ya}s o a {srcv* seb lbseoc{ r{bc so bpajrasb seb a{{av

a}b fdkjrcbc fd seb lbseoc{ {bksfod* xeb}ba{ seb }b{rjs{ o seb bpajrasfoda}b fdkjrcbc fd seb }b{rjs{ {bksfod$

Lbseoc{ a}b fdkjrcbc fd seb }b{rjs{$ Cods }bybas lbseoc{ o} fds}ocrkb dbx lbseoc{ fd seb }b{rjs{$

Seb {alb }b{rjs{ a}b y}b{bdsbc

mose fd seb sbus adc fd `hr}b{ o}

samjb{$

Cods }bybas {ybkf`k casa fd seb sbus f sebv a}b aj}bacv y}b{bds fd a `hr}b o}

samjb$ Fd{sbac* {rlla}fwb seb casa fd seb sbus adc }bb} so seb `hr}b o} samjb$

Fdsb}y}bsasfod{ a}b lacb fd seb

}b{rjs{$

]byo}s casa cf{ya{{fodasbjv$ Apofc r{fdh sb}l{ jfnb odjv* dba}jv* bukbjjbds*

o} yoo}$ [flyjv }byo}s seb `dcfdh{ adc jbapb seb fdsb}y}bsasfod o} vor}

cf{kr{{fod$

Fds}ocrkso}v lasb}faj f{ }bybasbc fd

seb cf{kr{{fod$

Cods }bybas vor} }ba{od{ o} cofdh seb {srcv fd seb cf{kr{{fod> vorpb

aj}bacv cb{k}fmbc seb{b fd seb fds}ocrksfod$ @okr{ od seb }b{rjs{ adc xeassebv lbad$

]b{rjs{ a}b }bybasbc fd seb

cf{kr{{fod$

Apofc }bybasfdh {sasblbds{ o }b{rjs{ fd seb cf{kr{{fod> }aseb}* sefdn aebac

so xeas vor xads so {av amors ya}sfkrja} }b{rjs{ xb}b sebv rdadsfkfyasbc?

kod`}laso}v? jflfsbc mv {alyjb {fwb o} adajvsfkaj lbseocojohv? Fd hbdb}aj*

cods kfsb samjb{ o} `hr}b{ fd seb cf{kr{{fod$

Dbx }b{rjs{ a}b fdkjrcbc fd seb

cf{kr{{fod$

Co dos fds}ocrkb dbx casa fd seb cf{kr{{fod$ A dbx samjb o} `hr}b {eorjc

mb fdkjrcbc fd seb cf{kr{{fod odjv xebd fs fdpojpb{ seb jfsb}asr}b mbfdh

cf{kr{{bc* {rke a{ a samjb {rlla}fwfdh yrmjf{ebc `dcfdh{ fd }bjasfod so seb

`dcfdh{ fd vor} {srcv$


18/28


0$ X]FSFDH %FD BDHJF[E& @O] ]BACAMFJFSV ADC KOLY]BEBD[FOD

Amm}bpfasfod{ {eorjc mb nbys so a lfdflrl adc jflfsbc

so {sadca}c amm}bpfasfod{ o} seo{b dbkb{{a}v so {eo}sbd

jodh* osbd }bybasbc ye}a{b{$ Ajseorhe sxo,jbssb}

amm}bpfasfod{ lav mb r{bc* se}bb,jbssb} amm}bpfasfod{ a}b

ba{fb} so }bac adc a}b jb{{ jfnbjv so kar{b kodr{fod$

Keoo{b Vor} Pofkb

Lo{s {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{ a}b x}fssbd fd seb ya{{fpb pofkb

seb lago}fsv o seb sflb> o} bualyjb* Seb srmb{

xb}b po}sbubc }aseb} sead* Xb po}sbubc seb srmb{$

Eoxbpb}* ladv bcfso}{ dox a}b ba{fdh }b{s}fksfod{ od

seb aksfpb pofkb* xefke ebjy{ m}fdh seb x}fsfdh so jfb adc

kad fly}opb }bacamfjfsv$ @o} bualyjb* fd seb cf{kr{{fod

{bksfod vor korjc x}fsb7 Xb ordc seas bxb} sead 29"

o ka}kfdola{ xb}b yayfjja}v$ Eoxbpb}* o} dox* s}v so

jflfs r{b o seb aksfpb pofkb so {bdsbdkb{ xeb}b fs f{

axnxa}c so r{b a ya{{fpb pofkb$

Sbd{b* H}alla}* adc Yrdksrasfod

A {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb cb{k}fmb{ xo}n seas ea{ mbbd

kolyjbsbc$ Seb}bo}b* seb ya{s sbd{b {eorjc mb r{bc

xebd }bb}}fdh so seb xo}n codb fd seb {srcv$ Seb

y}b{bds sbd{b f{ osbd r{bc o} {sasblbds{ }bb}}fdh so

hbdb}ajjv akkbysbc ndoxjbchb* o} bualyjb7 Lajfhdads

lbjadola{ a}b r{rajjv lbsa{sasfk$ Seb y}b{bds sbd{b

aj{o lav mb r{bc so kodpbv hbdb}aj kodkjr{fod{ }ol seb{srcv seas a}b lo}b m}oacjv ayyjfkamjb* {rke a{* Ma{bc

od seb }b{rjs{ o sef{ {srcv* pakkfdasfod f{ ad bbksfpb

lbseoc o kods}oj o} yfdn,bvb fd kassjb$

Apofc fdcf{k}flfdasb kayfsajfwasfod adc nbby

yrdksrasfod so seb lfdflrl dbbcbc o} }bacamfjfsv adc

koly}bebd{fod$ Kayfsajfwasfod }rjb{ o} m}bbc{ pa}v

alodh pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* mrs ladv r{b seb o`kfaj

Alb}fkad Nbddbj Kjrm {ybjjfdh o} coh m}bbc{$ So bd{r}b

kja}fsv* yjakb a kolla mbo}b seb adc fd seb ja{s fsbl fd

a {b}fb{> f seb ye}a{b{ sebl{bjpb{ kodsafd kolla{* r{b

{blfkojod{ so {bya}asb seb ye}a{b{$

[kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{ cfb} }ol k}basfpb x}fsfdh7 sebv a}b

fdsbdcbc so bbksfpbjv kollrdfkasb seb }b{rjs{ o a

}b{ba}ke {srcv* xefke fs{bj ojjox{ kb}safd hrfcbjfdb{$

Ser{* seb x}fsfdh fd {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{ lr{s mb kjba}

adc o}cb}jv* r{fdh akkr}asb sb}l{ adc jadhrahb seas

bd{r}b }bacamfjfsv adc koly}bebd{fod$ Cods a{{rlb

vor} arcfbdkb f{ fdo}lbc od seb soyfk> mb buyjfkfs {o

}bacb}{ cods dbbc so fdb} vor} lbadfdh$ Cods eb{fsasb

so kod{rjs ad Bdhjf{e h}alla} }bb}bdkb xebd vor

a}b rdkb}safd amors ko}}bks r{ahb$ So cbsbks b}}o}{ adc

rdkjba} ye}a{b{* buyb}fbdkbc x}fsb}{ efhejv }bkollbdc

seas vor }bac vor} ladr{k}fys ajorc mbo}b `dajfwfdh fs$

@o} {flfja} }ba{od{* eapb a kojjbahrb rdalfjfa} xfse seb

{srcv }bac vor} a}sfkjb adc y}opfcb fdyrs od kja}fsv adc

koly}bebd{fod$

Mb Kodkf{b adc Y}bkf{b

X}fsb {flyjb {bdsbdkb{ seas kodpbv a {fdhjb seorhes* adc

o} }bacamfjfsv nbby ya}ah}aye{ {eo}s$ Cbjbsb rddbkb{{a}v

xo}c{ adc olfs }bybsfsfor{ xo}c{ adc ye}a{b{$ @o}

bualyjb* }bpf{b f{ ndoxd so mb y}b{bds so f{ y}b{bds

adc xa{ ordc so fly}opb so fly}opbc$ Keoo{b

{flyjb xo}c{ so kodpbv kodkbys{* b$h$* r{bc }aseb}

sead blyjovbc adc eac }aseb} sead buefmfsbc$

Rdcb}{sadc seb cfb}bdkb mbsxbbd {flfja} xo}c{

%b$h$* ya}albsb} p{$ pa}famjb* koly}f{b p{$ kolyo{b*

lauflrl p{$ oysflrl adc keoo{b seb ko}}bks odb$Xebd sflb f{ fdpojpbc* cb{k}fmb keadhb{ a{ fdk}ba{bc

o} cbk}ba{bc> oseb}xf{b }byo}s }b{rjs{ a{ efheb} o}

joxb}$

Vor} hoaj f{ so kollrdfkasb bbksfpbjv* {o apofc seb r{b

o ga}hod seas {olb }bacb}{ lav dos rdcb}{sadc$ F vor

{rmlfs vor} a}sfkjb so Pbsb}fda}v ]acfojohv & Rjs}a{ordc*

vor} y}fla}v arcfbdkb lav rdcb}{sadc a ye}a{b jfnb jox

assbdrasfod okr{ fd seb jfpb}* mrs fs lav dos mb kjba} so a

hbdb}ajf{s o} dod,{ybkfajf{s$ Apofc {eo}skrs{* {rke a{ seb

kvso{yfd xa{ {safdbc fd{sbac o seb kvsokbds}frhbc

{alyjb xa{ {safdbc$ Ajxav{ apofc {jadh* kjfke{* `hr}b{

o {ybbke* adc fcfol{ seas a}b r{bc fd {yonbd jadhrahb

mrs a}b dos ayy}oy}fasb fd a {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb$


19/28


Y}b,}bpfbx o} Jadhrahb

F Bdhjf{e f{ dos vor} dasfpb jadhrahb* a{n a dasfpb

Bdhjf{e,{ybanb} so k}fsfkajjv }bpfbx vor} ladr{k}fys y}fo}

so {rmlf{{fod$ Fs{ xo}se seb fdpb{slbds fd sflb adc

lodbv$ Fd or} buyb}fbdkb* odb o seb lo{s kollod

}ba{od{ o} fllbcfasb }bgbksfod o a ladr{k}fys f{

rdkjba} x}fsfdh mbkar{b o jadhrahb$ F vor} xo}n lb}fs{

yrmjfkasfod* fs lb}fs{ kjo{b adc cbsafjbc assbdsfod mv a

dasfpb Bdhjf{e,{ybanb}$ [olb gor}daj{ ob} {b}pfkb{ o}

dod,dasfpb Bdhjf{e x}fsb}{$ Kebkn seb gor}daj eolbyahb

o} }b{or}kb{$

Samjb ;$ Kollod r{ahb b}}o}{ fd x}fsfdh

Kollod h}allasfkaj b}}o}{7

Laske {fdhrja} adc yjr}aj {rmgbks{ xfse {fdhrja} adc

yjr}aj pb}m{* }b{ybksfpbjv$

%Dosb7 casa sanb{ a yjr}aj pb}m* a{ fd casa a}b&

Apofc r{fdh dord{ a{ acgbksfpb{* b$h$* r{b bjfdb

cf{ba{b{ }aseb} sead kas cf{ba{b{$

R{b xefke adc seas ko}}bksjv7 seas cb`db{ seb

dord mbo}b fs adc f{ ajlo{s ajxav{ seb ko}}bks xo}c$

R{b so adc xfse ayy}oy}fasbjv o} kolya}f{od{

so a{{b}s{ a {flfja}fsv* a{ fd srlo} u kolya}b{

so srlo} v fd fs{ lbsa{sasfk yosbdsfaj* xeb}ba{

xfse a{{b}s{ mose {flfja}fsfb{ adc cfb}bdkb{* a{

fd }b{yod{b so s}baslbds u xa{ kolya}bc xfse}b{yod{b so s}baslbds v* adc f{ seb lo{s kollod

r{ahb fd {kfbdsf`k a}sfkjb{$

Kollod b}}o}{ fd sb}lfdojohv7

R{b adflaj{ o} adflaj yasfbds* dos yasfbds$

R{b kjfdfkaj {fhd{* dos {vlysol{$ %[vlysol{ a}b

{bd{asfod{ bjs adc }byo}sbc mv erlad yasfbds{$&

R{b {rmkjfdfkaj* dos a{vlysolasfk$


20/28


8$ [RMLFSSFDH VOR] LADR[K]FYS

{rmlf{{fod {v{sbl{* a YC@ o seb ladr{k}fys f{ k}basbc

seas lb}hb{ seb sbus* samjb* adc `hr}b `jb{ fdso a {fdhjb

`jb$ Y}omjbl{ fd k}basfdh sef{ YC@ lav mb bdkordsb}bc

f `jb{ a}b ko}}rysbc o} xebd ojcb} pb}{fod{ o {osxa}b

a}b r{bc$ R{b seb Ebjy basr}b o} a{{f{sadkb fd

s}ormjb{eoosfdh seb odjfdb {rmlf{{fod {v{sbl$ F vor

xf{e so fdkjrcb a y}bpfor{jv yrmjf{ebc samjb o} `hr}b fd

vor} a}sfkjb* yb}lf{{fod lr{s mb }bqrb{sbc adc omsafdbc

}ol seb o}fhfdaj yrmjf{eb}$ @o}xa}c seb{b yb}lf{{fod{

a{ xbjj a{ pb}f`kasfod o yb}{odaj kollrdfkasfod{ so seb

gor}daj bcfso}$

[rmlfssfdh Cfhfsaj Flahb{

A}s xo}n* fdkjrcfdh c}axfdh{* h}aye{* flahb{* adc

yeosolfk}oh}aye{* {eorjc mb {rmlfssbc a{ cfhfsaj `jb{$

Efhe,}b{ojrsfod SF@@ jb{ a}b y}bb}}bc o} yrmjfkasfod* mrs

GYBH* Yoxb}Yofds* adc Bukbj `jb{ a}b osbd akkbysamjb

o} seb }bpfbx y}okb{{ a{ jodh a{ efhe,}b{ojrsfod `jb{

a}b apafjamjb o} yrmjfkasfod$ Kojo} adc eaj,sodb flahb{

{eorjc mb akqrf}bcas a lfdflrl o ;99 yfubj{ yb} fdke

%yyf adc jfdb a}s as 1=99 yyf o} oysflaj y}fds }b{ojrsfod

%}b{ojrsfod kaddos mb fdk}ba{bc odkb ad flahb ea{ mbbd

akqrf}bc$ Flahb{ {eorjc mb fd h}av{kajb %mjakn adc

xefsb rdjb{{ kojo} f{ b{{bdsfaj o} fdsb}y}bsasfod$ Kojo}

flahb{ lr{s mb fd KLVN locb o} y}fds yrmjfkasfod>

rdo}srdasbjv* KLVN f{ dos a{ }fke a yajbssb a{ ]HM*

b{ybkfajjv fd seb yr}yjb {ybks}rl* adc flahb{ lav}bqrf}b acgr{slbds mv vor o} sbkedfkaj a{{f{sads{$

Kopb} Jbssb}{ adc Ko}}b{yodcfdh Arseo}{

A m}fb kopb} jbssb} so seb bcfso} lav mb r{bc so y}opfcb

}bqrf}bc {sasblbds{ amors arseo}{efy adc o}fhfdaj

yrmjfkasfod adc so }bqrb{s kod{fcb}asfod o} yrmjfkasfod$

A m}fb cb{k}fysfod o seb kodsbus adc flyo}sadkb o vor}

xo}n* dopbj `dcfdh{* adc ayy}oy}fasbdb{{ o} seb {koyb

adc }bacb}{efy o seb gor}daj f{ aj{o ebjyrj* b{ybkfajjv

f sef{ f{ dos ompfor{ }ol seb sfsjb o} am{s}aks o vor}

ladr{k}fys$ Fdcfkasb seb ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo} adc

kodsaks fdo}lasfod od seb sfsjb yahb o seb ladr{k}fys

adc fd vor} kopb} jbssb}$

@f}{s Fly}b{{fod{ Kords!

So fdk}ba{b seb jfnbjfeooc seas vor} ladr{k}fys y}okbbc{

so ybb} }bpfbx* bd{r}b fs f{ kolyjbsb* ko}}bksjv

o}lassbc* xbjj,x}fssbd adc o}hadfwbc* adc }bb o

{ybjjfdh adc jadhrahb b}}o}{ mbo}b vor {rmlfs fs$ %R{b

vor} kolyrsb}{ h}alla} adc {ybjj,kebkn rdksfod{$

Sebv a}bds oojy}oo* mrs sebv a}b a r{brj `}{s {sby fd

vor} y}oo}bacfdh y}okb{{$ Vor} ladr{k}fys lav eapb

{kfbdsf`k lb}fs* mrs f seb `}{s fly}b{{fod {rhhb{s{ a

jakn o assbdsfod so cbsafj* fs{ {kfbdsf`k k}bcfmfjfsv adc

}bacamfjfsv a}b rdcb}lfdbc adc fs lfhes mb }bgbksbc o}

pfbxbc lo}b k}fsfkajjv$ Bcfso}{ lr{s y}fo}fsfwb {rmlf{{fod{

adc xfjj y}bb} so r{b a }bpfbxb}{ sflb lo}b bbksfpbjv

od ka}brjjv y}bya}bc ladr{k}fys{$

Seb bdsf}b ladr{k}fys {eorjc mb cormjb,{yakbc* fdkjrcfdh

}bb}bdkb{ adc hr}b jbhbdc{$ Ladv gor}daj{ }bqrf}bkodsfdror{ jfdb drlmb}fdh so akfjfsasb }bb}bdkb so

{ybkf`k jfdb{ fd seb ladr{k}fys$ Yjakb samjb{ adc `hr}b{

fd {bya}asb `jb{ o} as seb bdc o seb cokrlbds* dos

xfsefd seb sbus$ Assbdsfod so seb{b cbsafj{ adc so seb

arseo} hrfcbjfdb{ mbo}b vor {rmlfs vor} ladr{k}fys

cblod{s}asb{ seas vor rdcb}{sadc seb y}okb{{ %a{ xbjj

a{ seb {kfbdkb adc seas vor pajrb seb sflb o seb bcfso}{

adc }bpfbxb}{$

Odjfdb [rmlf{{fod

Lo{s gor}daj{ eapb odjfdb* o} as jba{s b,lafj* {rmlf{{fod

y}okb{{b{ adc do jodhb} }bqrf}b a yayb} koyv$ Seb odjfdb

{rmlf{{fod y}okb{{ kad {olbsflb{ sanb lo}b sflb

sead vor buybks yb}eay{ odb so sxo eor}{$ Fs }bqrf}b{

{bssfdh ry joh,fd adc ya{{xo}c akkb{{* bdsb}fdh casa fdso

cb`dbc `bjc{* adc ryjoacfdh bjbks}odfk `jb{$ Y}bya}b o}

sef{ mv eapfdh bpb}vsefdh }bacv* fdkjrcfdh seb fd{sfsrsfodaj

a`jfasfod{ adc blafj acc}b{{b{ o vor} ko,arseo}{* ajj

ladr{k}fys `jb{ fd seb }bqrf}bc o}las{* adc a hooc

Fdsb}dbs koddbksfod$ Odjfdb {rmlf{{fod{ kad mb {apbc

xefjb fd y}oh}b{{* mrs mv kolyjbsfdh seb {rmlf{{fod fd

odb o} sxo {b{{fod{ vor kad apofc eapfdh so }bjba}d seby}okb{{$ Xebd blafjfdh a {rmlf{{fod* ndox seb {fwb jflfs

o} `jb{ adc a{n o} pb}f`kasfod o }bkbfys$

Seb hrfcbjfdb{ o} arseo}{ xfjj fdcfkasb seb svyb{ o

akkbysamjb jb{$ @o} sbus adc samjb `jb{* Lfk}o{os Xo}c

f{ osbd r{bc* mrs {olb gor}daj{ akkbys }fke sbus o}las

%]S@ o} oseb} svyb{ o sbus o}las{$ Fd lo{s odjfdb


21/28


Samjb 3$ A kebknjf{s o} {rmlf{{fod o` vor} ladr{k}fys$'

Cokrlbds{ adc oseb} fdo}lasfod7

Kopb} jbssb} xfse a m}fb cb{k}fysfod o seb xo}n adc fs{ flyaks

[fhdbc koyv}fhes s}ad{b} ah}bblbds %{olb gor}daj{ kojjbks seb o}l asb} akkbysadkb& Kolyjbsbc kodfks o fdsb}b{s o}l

Ajj arseo} dalb{* a`jfasfod{* adc kodsaks fdo}lasfod* fdkjrcfdh blafj acc}b{{b{

Dalb o kodsaks arseo}

Dalb{ adc kodsaks fdo}lasfod o y}bb}}bc o} dod,y}bb}}bc }bpfbxb}{ %oysfodaj&

Pb}f`kasfod{7

Arseo} kods}fmrsfod{ xa}}ads arseo}{efy$

Ajj arseo}{ eapb ayy}opbc seb ladr{k}fys$

Seb ladr{k}fys ea{ dos mbbd {rmlfssbc o} kod{fcb}asfod mv adoseb} gor}daj$

Y}bpfor{ yrmjfkasfod o seb xo}n fd am{s}aks o} oseb} o}l f{ cf{kjo{bc %{olb gor}daj{ }bqrf}b koyfb{&$

Ajj kodfks{ o fdsb}b{s eapb mbbd cf{kjo{bc o} ajj arseo}{$

Yb}sfdbds bsefkaj hrfcbjfdb{ eapb mbbd ojjoxbc$

Ladr{k}fys7

Ladr{k}fys f{ cormjb,{yakbc* ea{ kodsfdror{ jfdb drlmb}{* adc f{ fd ko}}bks `jb o}las$

A}sfkjb svyb laskeb{ odb o seb a}sfkjb svyb{ o} seb gor}daj$

Sfsjb f{ cb{k}fysfpb adc {rkkfdks> a {eo}s }rddfdh sfsjb f{ y}opfcbc$

Arseo} o}cb} f{ ko}}bks> arseo} dalb{ adc a`jfasfod{ a}b kolyjbsb adc ko}}bks$

Ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo} f{ fcbdsf`bc od seb sfsjb yahb o seb ladr{k}fys adc kodsaks fdo}lasfod f{ y}opfcbc$

Nbv xo}c{ a}b jf{sbc adc co dos cryjfkasb xo}c{ fd seb sfsjb$

Am{s}aks f{ kolyjbsb adc {rkkfdks* o ayy}oy}fasb jbdhse* adc o}lassbc %{s}rksr}bc o} rd{s}rksr}bc& ko}}bksjv$

@o}las o sbus %ebacb}{* jbdhse& f{ ko}}bks o} a}sfkjb svyb$

A {sasblbds o kolyjfadkb xfse hrfcbjfdb{ o} r{b o adflaj{ f{ fdkjrcbc fd seb Lbseoc{ {bksfod %f ayyjfkamjb&$

Sbus ea{ mbbd ka}brjjv y}oo}bac o} {ybjjfdh adc h}allasfkaj b}}o}{$

Sbus ea{ mbbd ka}brjjv y}oo}bac mv a dasfpb Bdhjf{e,{ybanb} %f ayyjfkamjb&$ Fd,sbus kfsasfod{ o }bb}bdkb{ a}b ko}}bksjv o}lassbc* b$h$* {ryb}{k}fysbc drlmb}{* arseo} dalb{ fd ya}bdseb{b{* bsk$

Akndoxjbchlbds{ {bksfod y}opfcb{ dalb%{& adc a jfasfod%{& o fdcfpfcraj{ adc ajj {or}kb{ o {ryyo}s$

]bb}bdkb{ fd mfmjfoh}ayev a}b ko}}bksjv kfsbc adc o}lassbc$

Samjb{ a}b ko}}bksjv o}lassbc adc {sadc ajodb xfseors }bb}bdkb so seb sbus$

@fhr}b kaysfod{ a}b kolyjbsb adc {sadc ajodb$

@fhr}b `jb{ a}b fd ko}}bks o}las* b$h$* SF@@* adc o ayy}oy}fasb }b{ojrsfod$

[ryyjblbdsa}v lasb}faj{7

[ryyjblbdsa}v lasb}faj o} }bpfbx yr}yo{b{ odjv %oysfodaj&

[ryyjblbdsa}v lasb}faj o} odjfdb yrmjfkasfod %oysfodaj&

'@o}las{ ò} {rmlf{{fod pa}v* {o òjjox seb hrfcbjfdb{ ò} vor} sa}hbs gor}daj buaksjv$

Vor {eorjc cb{fhdasb a kodsaks arseo} adc a ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo} %o`sbd seb {alb yb}{od&$ A kodsaks arseo} eadcjb{ ajjkollrdfkasfod amors seb ladr{k}fys a{ fs lopb{ se}orhe seb ybb},}bpfbx* }bpf{fod* adc y}ocrksfod y}okb{{b{* fdkjrcfdh

seb koyv}fhes s}ad{`b} adc cf{kjo{r}b o}l{$ Seb ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo} ea{ opb}ajj }b{yod{fmfjfsv o} seb ladr{k}fys adc f{

fdcfkasbc od seb sfsjb yahb adc fd seb yrmjf{ebc a}sfkjb$ Kodsaks fdò}lasfod f{ yrmjf{ebc o} seb ko}}b{yodcfdh arseo} {o

}bacb}{ kad }bqrb{s }by}fds{ o} a{n qrb{sfod{ amors seb a}sfkjb a`sb} yrmjfkasfod$


22/28

=9 =911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

5$ RDCB][SADCFDH SEB YBB] ]BPFBX ADC BCFSO]FAJ Y]OKB[[B[

}bpfbx f{ lrjsfjavb}bc adc fdpojpb{ {bpb}aj fdcfpfcraj{*

}bdcb}fdh fs a {olbsflb{ sflb,kod{rlfdh o} fdb`kfbds

y}okb{{ seas kad sanb {bpb}aj xbbn{ so lodse{ %or} so

bfhes xbbn{ f{ svyfkaj$ Mrs ybb} }bpfbx f{ r{rajjv af} adc

}b{rjs{ fd ad fly}opbc ladr{k}fys$

]b{yodcfdh so ]bpfbxb} Kollbds{

[k}rsfdv o vor} xo}n mv ybb}{ kad mb fdsflfcasfdh!

]bajfwb seas fs f{ bus}blbjv }a}b o} a ladr{k}fys so mb

akkbysbc a{ fdfsfajjv {rmlfssbc adc nbby fd lfdc seas do

{srcv f{ yb}bksseb}b f{ ajxav{ }ool o} fly}opblbds$

Seas {afc* }bkbfpfdh a jodh jf{s o kollbds{ }ol

}bpfbxb}{ kad mb cf{eba}sbdfdh$ F vor {bs sebl a{fcb o}

a bx cav{ mbo}b }b{yodcfdh* vor xfjj mb amjb so grchb

sebl lo}b omgbksfpbjv adc xfjj y}omamjv }bajfwb seas {olb

hooc yofds{ xb}b }af{bc$

Vor {eorjc x}fsb a kjba} adc kolyjbsb }b{yod{b so ajj

o seb }bpfbxb}{ lago} adc lfdo} yofds{$ Fd a {bya}asb

}b{yod{b cokrlbds o} kopb} jbssb}* fdcfkasb xebseb}

vor lacb seb keadhb{ }bqrb{sbc* cb{k}fmb seb keadhb{

lacb* adc {ybkfv xeb}b fd seb ladr{k}fys seb keadhb{

kad mb ordc %jfdb adc yahb drlmb}$ F seb }bpf{fod{

a}b bx* efhejfhes o} s}akn sebl fd seb ladr{k}fys `jb>

f seb}b a}b ladv keadhb{* s}aknfdh kad mb cf{s}aksfdh

so }bpfbxb}{$ Seb{b sxo {sby{ y}opfcfdh ad fsblfwbc

cb{k}fysfod o vor} }b{yod{b{ adc fdcfkasfdh vor}

}bpf{fod{ fd seb ladr{k}fys `jb xfjj yb}lfs }bpfbxb}{

adc bcfso}{ so bpajrasb vor} }b{yod{b{ qrfknjv adc

akkr}asbjv$ Vor {eorjc {b}for{jv kod{fcb} lanfdh ajj o seb

{rhhb{sbc keadhb{* mrs f seb}b a}b yofds{ xfse xefke

vor {s}odhjv cf{ah}bb* y}opfcb a }bmrssaj adc fdkjrcb

vor} }ba{od{$ Ajxav{ }b{yodc fd a y}ob{{fodaj adc dod,

kod}odsasfodaj laddb}* bpbd f vor bbj a }bpfbxb} xa{

rddbkb{{a}fjv ea}{e$ @fdc ors f seb}b f{ a cbacjfdb o} seb

}bpf{fod adc nbby fd lfdc seas a }bqrb{s o} }bpf{fod f{ dos

a hra}adsbb o akkbysadkb$

Xo}nfdh xfse Gor}daj Bcfso}{

Seb bcfso},fd,kefb f{ r{rajjv a{{f{sbc mv a{{okfasb bcfso}{*{bksfod bcfso}{* o} oseb} {rmbcfso}{$ Vor xfjj fdsb}aks

xfse odb o} lo}b o seb{b bcfso}{ ladv sflb{ cr}fdh

seb {rmlf{{fod* }bpfbx* adc yrmjfkasfod y}okb{{b{$ Mb

y}oaksfpb fd vor} kollrdfkasfod{> yav assbdsfod so xefke

bcfso} f{ {fhdfdh ko}}b{yodcbdkb* adc cods eb{fsasb

so kodsaks seas fdcfpfcraj mv sbjbyeodb o} blafj xebd

vor eapb qrb{sfod{ o} a}b {bbnfdh acpfkb amors adv

a{ybks o seb y}okb{{$ Seb bcfso},fd,kefb ea{ seb mfh

yfksr}b pfbx o seb gor}daj{ lrjsfyjb lf{{fod{ adc mba}{

Yr}yo{b adc Svyb{ o Ybb} ]bpfbx

Ybb} }bpfbx y}opfcb{ bcfso}{ xfse ad fdcbybdcbds

a{{b{{lbds o seb qrajfsv* pajfcfsv* adc flyo}sadkb o a

ladr{k}fys$ Fs f{ dos a yb}bks {v{sbl* mrs fs f{ seb mb{s

y}okb{{ xb eapb so ebjy bcfso}{ bpajrasb adc y}fo}fsfwb

ladr{k}fys{$ Ybb} }bpfbx aj{o ebjy{ arseo}{ fly}opb seb

qrajfsv o sebf} ladr{k}fys{ se}orhe kod{s}rksfpb acpfkb od

{srcv cb{fhd* casa adajv{f{ adc y}b{bdsasfod* x}fsfdh* adc

oseb} a{ybks{ o seb ladr{k}fys{ kodsbds{$ A xbjj,cb`dbc

adc }fho}or{ {v{sbl o ybb} }bpfbx cblod{s}asb{ seas ad

a}sfkjb ea{ rdcb}hodb k}fsfkaj bpajrasfod adc ya{{bc lr{sb}

xfse ndoxjbchbamjb buyb}s{$

Ybb} }bpfbx fd pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ f{ r{rajjv {fdhjb,mjfdcbc*

lbadfdh seb }bpfbxb}{ ndox seb fcbdsfsv o seb arseo}%{*

mrs seb fcbdsfsv o seb }bpfbxb}{ f{ dos }bpbajbc$ [olb

pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* {rke a{ seb Gor}daj o [lajj AdflajY}aksfkb* r{b cormjb,mjfdcbc ybb} }bpfbx* lbadfdh seb

}bpfbxb}{ a}b aj{o mjfdcbc so seb fcbdsfsv o seb arseo}{

adc sebf} fd{sfsrsfod{$ A cormjb,mjfdcbc {v{sbl }bqrf}b{

seas fdo}lasfod fcbdsfvfdh seb arseo}{ mb }blopbc }ol

seb ladr{k}fys$

Samjb 2$ Xeas co }bpfbxb}{ joon `o}?

F{ seb fdo}lasfod flyo}sads?

F{ seb lasb}faj o}fhfdaj?

A}b seb }asfodajb* lbseoc{* adc casa pajfc?

A}b seb kodkjr{fod{ }ba{odamjb?

F{ seb x}fsfdh kjba}?

A}b seb samjb{ adc `hr}b{ ayy}oy}fasb?

A}b seb }bb}bdkb{ ry,so,casb adc }bjbpads?

F{ seb kodsbds ayy}oy}fasb o} seb gor}daj{ }bacb}{?

Seb ybb},}bpfbx y}okb{{ xo}n{ mb{s xebd fs f{ y}olys*

kod{s}rksfpb* adc okr{bc od seb lago} a{ybks{ o seb

{srcv adc ladr{k}fys$ Ybb} }bpfbx fd pbsb}fda}v lbcfkfdb

ajlo{s ajxav{ }bjfb{ od pojrdsbb} buyb}s{ fd seb `bjc

xeo buybdc kod{fcb}amjb sflb adc bo}s }bpfbxfdh a

ladr{k}fys$ F vor fdcfkasbc y}bb}}bc adc dod,y}bb}}bc

}bpfbxb}{ xebd vor {rmlfssbc vor} yayb}* bcfso}{ xfjj

kod{fcb} seo{b {rhhb{sfod{ ajodh xfse oseb} oysfod{ so

akefbpb ad omgbksfpb adc majadkbc }bpfbx$ Cbybdcfdh

od seb kolyjbufsv o seb {rmgbks* seb dbbc o} {sasf{sfkaj

}bpfbx* adc seb {flfja}fsv o} cf{ya}asbdb{{ o fdfsfaj

}bpfbx{* sxo so or} ybb} }bpfbxb}{ xfjj r{rajjv bpajrasb a

ladr{k}fys$

]bpfbxb}{ a}b acpf{o}v so seb bcfso}* xeo lanb{ seb `daj

cbkf{fod$ Bcfso}{ xfjj osbd qrajfv kodkb}d{ }af{bc mv

}bpfbxb}{ adc acc yofds{ seas xb}b lf{{bc$ Ser{* ybb}


23/28

=1=911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

f{ r{rajjv seb yofds as xefke pa}for{ o}l{ a}b crb %b$h$*

koyv}fhes s}ad{b} o}l{ adc vor} ladr{k}fys f{ bcfsbc

o} yrmjfkasfod$ Bcfsfdh kad mb sbkedfkaj o} {rm{sadsfpb*

fdpojpfdh seb dbbc o} accfsfodaj }bpf{fod{ fd xo}cfdh

adc sb}lfdojohv* hr}b{ adc samjb{* o}hadfwasfod* adc

}bb}bdkb{$ Seb{b lbad{ lo}b xo}n o} vor* mrs sanb

eba}s7 seb{b accfsfodaj bo}s{ xfjj }b{rjs fd a lo}b

}bacamjb adc efheb} qrajfsv ladr{k}fys$ Odkb vor {rmlfs

seb dbkb{{a}v o}l{ adc kolyjbsb vor} `daj }bpf{fod{*

vor} ladr{k}fys bdsb}{ seb y}ocrksfod y}okb{{$

[olb gor}daj{ yrmjf{e rdo}lassbc o} y}bjflfda}v pb}{fod{

o ad akkbysbc ladr{k}fys fllbcfasbjv asb} akkbysadkb*

mrs lo{s pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ `}{s {bdc seb ladr{k}fys so

seb yrmjf{eb} o} koyvbcfsfdh adc javors$ Koyvbcfsfdh kad

}b{rjs fd accfsfodaj %r{rajjv lfdo} keadhb{ adc ko}}bksfod{$

Odkb seb a}sfkjb ea{ mbbd o}lassbc* seb ko}}b{yodcfdharseo} adc seb bcfso} xfjj }bkbfpb yahb y}oo{ %r{rajjv fd

YC@ o}las seas {eox eox seb daj ladr{k}fys xfjj ayyba}

fd y}fds$ Mb {r}b so }bac seb fd{s}rksfod{ seas akkolyadv

seb y}oo{$ Sef{ f{ vor} daj oyyo}srdfsv so ko}}bks

lf{sanb{* fdkjrcfdh yosbdsfaj b}}o}{ fds}ocrkbc cr}fdh

koyvbcfsfdh* mrs fs{ dosseb sflb so fds}ocrkb dbx casa*

sbus* samjb{* o} `hr}b{$ F vor dbbc lo}b sflb so ko}}bks seb

y}oo{* kodsaks seb bcfso} o} yrmjf{eb} fllbcfasbjv$ Yayb}

}by}fds{ r{rajjv lr{s mb o}cb}bc as sef{ sflb$

Odkb vor adc seb bcfso} eapb ayy}opbc seb y}oo{* vor}

a}sfkjb f{ }bacv o} yrmjfkasfod$ Seb odjfdb yrmjfkasfod o

vor} a}sfkjb* xefke osbd okkr}{ aebac o y}fds yrmjfkasfod*

f{ kod{fcb}bc seb o`kfaj pb}{fod o }bko}c %fs f{ a{{fhdbc a

COF ^cfhfsaj omgbks fcbdsf`b}\* f{ fdcbubc* adc kad mb kfsbc

mv oseb}{$ Gor}daj{ seas a}b yrmjf{ebc {ojbjv odjfdb r{rajjv

yrmjf{e a}sfkjb{ fd seb o}cb} sebv a}b `dajfwbc> o} gor}daj{

xfse a y}fds pb}{fod* bcfso}{ lav kolyfjb a}sfkjb{ fd seb

o}cb} fd xefke sebv xb}b {rmlfssbc o} lfhes keoo{b so

h}ory sebl fd ad f{{rb xfse }bjasbc o} kolyjblbdsa}v

a}sfkjb{$

Asb} YrmjfkasfodVor} a}sfkjb{ gor}dbv cob{ dos bdc xfse yrmjfkasfod$ Ladv

yo{s,yrmjfkasfod oysfod{ a}b apafjamjb seas y}olosb adc

s}akn vor} a}sfkjb adc fs{ kfsasfod mv oseb}{* y}opfcb }bb

akkb{{ so vor adc vor} ko,arseo}{* adc yb}lfs vor so

y}opfcb }bb akkb{{ so a jflfsbc drlmb} o kojjbahrb{$ Vor

kad yo{s fs fd ad fd{sfsrsfodaj }byo{fso}v o} jfdn fs so vor}

akrjsv xbmyahb$ Seb yrmjf{eb} lfhes fdkjrcb vor} a}sfkjb

fd a rsr}b seblbc pf}sraj f{{rb adc xfjj mb amjb so s}akn

eox osbd vor} yayb} f{ coxdjoacbc adc mv xeol$

}b{yod{fmfjfsv o} ajj `daj cbkf{fod{$ Seb}bo}b* xebd

cbkfcfdh xebseb} adc xebd so yrmjf{e vor} ladr{k}fys*

seb bcfso} xfjj kod{fcb} dos odjv }bkollbdcasfod{ }ol

}bpfbxb}{ adc {rmbcfso}{* mrs aj{o seb }bjbpadkb o vor}

a}sfkjb* fs{ sflbjfdb{{* fs{ bcrkasfodaj pajrb* seb majadkb o

seblb{ adc svyb{ o a}sfkjb{* kolybsfdh pfbxyofds{* adc

blb}hfdh soyfk{ seas cb`db seb gor}daj$

Eadcjfdh a Dbhasfpb Cbkf{fod

]bgbksfod f{ ajxav{ cf{ayyofdsfdh* mrs fs dbbc dos mb

cblo}ajfwfdh$ A{ xfse }bpfbxb} kollbds{* yrs seb

cbkf{fod jbssb} od eojc o} a bx cav{ adc sebd okr{

omgbksfpbjv od seb }ba{od o} }bgbksfod* dos od vor}

blosfodaj }b{yod{b$ [olb gor}daj{ }bgbks a pb}v efhe

drlmb} o {rmlf{{fod{ osbd xbjj opb} eaj!

Kollod }ba{od{ o} ladr{k}fys }bgbksfod fdkjrcb seb

ojjoxfdh7

seb ladr{k}fys cob{ dos aceb}b so ma{fk arseo} hrfcbjfdb{

seb soyfk f{ dos xfsefd {koyb

seb}b a}b asaj ax{ fd seb {srcv cb{fhd

seb {srcv afj{ so y}opfcb {r`kfbds dbx fdo}lasfod

A }bgbksfod f{ a `daj cbkf{fod> cods }bpf{b adc {bdc

vor} ladr{k}fys makn so seb {alb gor}daj xfseors `}{s

cf{kr{{fdh sef{ xfse seb bcfso}$ F vor bbj {s}odhjv seas

seb k}fsfkf{l{ kad mb acc}b{{bc* kod{fcb} ad ayybaj$

Yb}eay{ seb }bpfbxb}{ afjbc so rdcb}{sadc seb lafd

kodkbys o} }bjbpadkb o vor} a}sfkjb o} ayyba}bc so eapb a

mfa{ seas xa{ cf{acpadsahbor{ so vor$ Seb bcfso} }b{b}pb{

seb }fhes so ryeojc seb }bgbksfod o} }b{kfdc fs* adc a

xfjjfdhdb{{ so }bkod{fcb} a cbkf{fod ka}}fb{ do hra}adsbb

o a keadhb fd seas cbkf{fod$ F vor cbkfcb so }bpf{b vor}

ladr{k}fys adc {rmlfs fs so adoseb} gor}daj* vor {eorjc7

acc}b{{ y}bpfor{ }bpfbxb} kollbds{

y}bya}b a dbx kopb} jbssb}

x}fsb a dbx am{s}aks

rycasb seb jfsb}asr}b {ba}ke adc }bb}bdkb{ }bo}las seb ladr{k}fys akko}cfdh so seb dbx gor}daj{

fd{s}rksfod{ o} arseo}{

Asb} Akkbysadkb7 Bcfsfdh adc Yahb Y}oo{

Kodh}asrjasfod{ vor} ladr{k}fys f{ akkbysbc o}

yrmjfkasfod! Kebkn seb akkbysadkb dosfkb ka}brjjv

so `dc ors seb dbus {sby{$ Ladv arseo}{ mbjfbpb seb

yrmjfkasfod y}okb{{ bdc{ xfse akkbysadkb> dos {o! Sef{


24/28

== =911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

6$ YRMJFKASFOD BSEFK[

ea{ dos mbbd yrmjf{ebc bj{bxeb}b$ Xeas kod{sfsrsb{

yb}lf{{fmjb y}bpfor{ yrmjfkasfod cfb}{ alodh gor}daj{>

bcfso}{ lav }bqrb{s a koyv o seb y}bpfor{jv yrmjf{ebc

xo}n* {rke a{ a y}okbbcfdh{ yayb}* adc kod{fcb} fs{

cf{s}fmrsfod* seb alords o opb}jay* adc seb dasr}b o

seb cfb}bdkb{$ ]b,yrmjfkasfod o ad a}sfkjb fd a cfb}bds

jadhrahb lfhes mb akkbysamjb f seb {or}kb adc kfsasfod

o seb o}fhfdaj a}sfkjb a}b kjba}jv dosbc$ [olb pbsb}fda}v

gor}daj{ {s}fksjv jflfs y}bpfor{ yrmjfkasfod so a =29,;29

xo}c am{s}aks$ Ser{* mbo}b yrmjf{efdh vor} xo}n fd adv

o}l* xebseb} fd y}fds o} odjfdb* mb {r}b so `}{s kebkn

seb hrfcbjfdb{ o} vor} sa}hbs gor}daj so bd{r}b vor cods

y}bkjrcb kod{fcb}asfod o vor} ladr{k}fys$

]bpfbxb}{ adc bcfso}{ osbd }bkohdfwb cryjfkasb

yrmjfkasfod cr}fdh seb }bpfbx y}okb{{* adc seb {alb

{osxa}b r{bc so cbsbks yjahfa}f{l kad cbsbks crajyrmjfkasfod$ F ad a}sfkjb f{ ordc so mb cryjfkasfpb asb}

yrmjfkasfod* a o}laj y}okb{{ buf{s{ o} }bs}aksfdh seb

}bcrdcads a}sfkjb adc ko}}bksfdh seb jfsb}asr}b$

Koyv}fhes f{ seb }fhes so koyv adc cf{s}fmrsb a yrmjf{ebc

a}sfkjb$ Koyv}fhes o}fhfdasb{ xfse seb k}baso} o seb xo}n

vor* seb arseo}$ Xebd vor} ladr{k}fys f{ akkbysbc

o} yrmjfkasfod* seb yrmjf{eb} o seb gor}daj svyfkajjv

}bqrf}b{ seas vor so {fhd a o}l so s}ad{b} koyv}fhes so

seb yrmjf{eb} o} so seb {okfbsv seas oxd{ seb gor}daj$

Koyv}fhes hfpb{ seb eojcb} seb }fhes so ladahb seb r{b*

}by}ocrksfod* adc cf{s}fmrsfod o ad a}sfkjb> seo{b xeo

xf{e so co {o lr{s }bqrb{s yb}lf{{fod adc bd{r}b seb

xo}n f{ ass}fmrsbc so seb koyv}fhes eojcb}$ @af} r{b o

ad a}sfkjb* {rke a{ yjakfdh fs fd ad fd{sfsrsfodaj }byo{fso}v*

{bdcfdh }by}fds{ so kojjbahrb{* adc fdkjrcfdh seb a}sfkjb

fd yb}{odaj sbakefdh lasb}faj{* f{ akkbysamjb xfseors

yb}lf{{fod$ [olb gor}daj{ yb}lfs seb koyv}fhes so }blafd

xfse seb arseo}{$

]b{ba}ke Fdsbh}fsv7 @am}fkasfod o} @aj{f`kasfod oCasa adc Flahb{

Ajseorhe ladfyrjasfod o} lf{}by}b{bdsasfod o casaf{ kjba}jv rdbsefkaj* xb soo osbd }bac o} eba} amors

a y}olfdbds {kfbdsf{s rdcb} fdpb{sfhasfod o} cofdh

gr{s seas$ Gor}daj{ buybks vor} }byo}sfdh o a kjfdfkaj

o} buyb}flbdsaj {srcv* fdkjrcfdh casa* `hr}b{* adc

}bb}bdkb{* so mb eodb{s adc akkr}asb$ Bcfso}{ a}b

omjfhasbc so fdpb{sfhasb ajjbhasfod{ o yosbdsfaj }arc adc*

f pb}f`bc* lav }bs}aks seb yrmjf{ebc a}sfkjb adc fdo}l seb

arseo}{ fd{sfsrsfod$

Seb {kfbdsf`k bdsb}y}f{b* fdkjrcfdh x}fsfdh adc yrmjfkasfod*

f{ mrfjs od a {v{sbl o s}r{s alodh }bacb}{* arseo}{*

bcfso}{* }bpfbxb}{* adc yrmjf{eb}{$ Bsefkaj y}fdkfyjb{ adc

bcfso}faj yojfkfb{ ebjy b{samjf{e adc ryeojc sef{ s}r{s$

Fd pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{* bsefkaj f{{rb{ ajj fdso or} lago}

kasbho}fb{7

fdayy}oy}fasb }by}ocrksfod o o}fhfdaj xo}n

}b{ba}ke fdsbh}fsv

cf{kjo{r}b adc s}ad{ya}bdkv

adflaj r{b

Ajseorhe bsefkaj yojfkfb{ adc y}aksfkb{ pa}v alodh

kords}fb{ adc fd{sfsrsfod{* lo{s pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{

aceb}b so {s}fks fdsb}dasfodaj {sadca}c{$ Seb FKLGB

y}opfcb{ hrfcbjfdb{ o} bsefkaj kod{fcb}asfod{ fd seb

kodcrks adc }byo}sfdh o }b{ba}ke$

Fdayy}oy}fasb ]by}ocrksfod o O}fhfdaj Xo}n

O}fhfdaj xo}n {eorjc mb yrmjf{ebc odjv odkb$ Gor}daj{ xfjj

dos r{rajjv kod{fcb} a ladr{k}fys f fs ea{ mbbd {rmlfssbc

o} yrmjf{ebc bj{bxeb}b> sef{ bd{r}b{ seb fdo}lasfod ea{

a kjba} adc {fdhjb {or}kb adc kfsasfod$ Fs f{ rdakkbysamjb

so {rmlfs vor} ladr{k}fys so lo}b sead odb gor}daj$ Fs

aj{o f{ rdakkbysamjb so yrmjf{e {olbodb bj{b{ xo}n a{

vor} oxd %yjahfa}f{l* so yrmjf{e ajj o} ya}s o seb {alb

xo}n fd lo}b sead odb gor}daj %cryjfkasb yrmjfkasfod*adc so r{b koyv}fhesbc fdo}lasfod xfseors ayy}oy}fasb

yb}lf{{fod$

Yjahfa}f{l f{ seb lf{}by}b{bdsasfod o {olbodb bj{b{

xo}n a{ vor} oxd$ Fs f{ rdakkbysamjb so r{b adoseb}

yb}{od{ casa* `hr}b{* samjb{* o} sbus xfseors kjba} adc

ayy}oy}fasb ass}fmrsfod$ [bdsbdkb{* ya}ah}aye{* {bksfod{*

adc bpbd rdfqrb xo}c{ o} ye}a{b{ sanbd }ol y}bpfor{jv

yrmjf{ebc xo}n {eorjc dos mb r{bc xfseors locf`kasfod

o} cf}bks qrosasfod$ ]aseb}* vor lr{s }bac adc rdcb}{sadc

seb xo}n adc sebd ya}aye}a{b fs fd cfb}bds sb}l{$ Fd

ad bdpf}odlbds xeb}b krssfdh adc ya{sfdh f{ ba{v adc

fdo}lasfod f{ }bacfjv apafjamjb odjfdb* yjahfa}f{l ea{

fdsbd{f`bc$ So acc}b{{ kodkb}d{ amors yjahfa}f{l* {olb

gor}daj{ r{b {ybkfajfwbc {osxa}b seas fcbdsf`b{ cryjfkasfpb

sbus$ Yrmjf{ebc xo}n seas f{ {rm{bqrbdsjv ordc so eapb

mbbd yjahfa}fwbc f{ }bs}aksbc mv seb gor}daj adc seb

arseo}{ fd{sfsrsfod lav mb dosf`bc o seb okkr}}bdkb$

Cryjfkasb %}bcrdcads& yrmjfkasfod f{ seb }b,r{b o vor}

oxd casa o} sbus fd lo}b sead odb yrmjfkasfod$ Lo{s* f

dos ajj* pbsb}fda}v gor}daj{ xfjj kod{fcb} odjv xo}n seas


25/28

=;=911 Xfjbv,Mjaknxbjj

Cf{kjo{r}b adc s}ad{ya}bdkv hrfcbjfdb{ aj{o ayyjv

so }bpfbxb}{ adc bcfso}{$ ]bpfbxb}{ a}b buybksbc so

cf{kjo{b yosbdsfaj kodfks{ o fdsb}b{s mbo}b ah}bbfdh

so }bpfbx a ladr{k}fys* adc bcfso}{ lr{s }bkr{b

sebl{bjpb{ }ol cbkf{fod{ fdpojpfdh a}sfkjb{ fd xefke

sebv eapb eac a }ojb o} xeb}b seb}b f{ a yosbdsfaj o}

mfa{$ Bcfso}faj cbkf{fod{ amors ladr{k}fys{ lr{s mb

fdcbybdcbds o yojfsfkaj o} `dadkfaj fdsb}b}bdkb }ol

yrmjf{eb}{* bubkrsfpb moa}c{* adc acpb}sf{b}{$

Bsefkaj R{b o Adflaj{ fd ]b{ba}ke

Seb ebajse adc xbja}b o adflaj{ f{ seb hrfcfdh y}fdkfyjb

o seb pbsb}fda}v y}ob{{fod$ Fd accfsfod so jamo}aso}v

adflaj{* pbsb}fda}v }b{ba}keb}{ osbd {srcv kjfbds,oxdbc

adflaj{* fdkjrcfdh kolyadfod adflaj{* eo}{b{* mf}c{* adc

jfpb{sokn* adc yrmjfkjv oxdbc adflaj{* {rke a{ woo adc

xfjcjfb yoyrjasfod{ adc adflaj{ fd {ebjsb}{$ Xebd x}fsfdh

a gor}daj a}sfkjb* fs f{ flyo}sads so kodpbv kjba}jv seb {sby{

sanbd so bd{r}b seb bsefkaj adc erladb s}baslbds o ajj

adflaj{ r{bc fd seb {srcv$

Dasfodaj adc fdsb}dasfodaj hrfcbjfdb{* {rke a{ seb

Dasfodaj ]b{ba}ke Kordkfj{ Hrfcb o} seb Ka}b adc R{b

o Jamo}aso}v Adflaj{* cb`db seb xbja}b o jamo}aso}v

adflaj{$ Seb }bkbds A]]FPB }byo}sfdh hrfcbjfdb{

blyea{fwb seb flyo}sadkb o }byo}sfdh nbv fdo}lasfod

fd seb lbseoc{ adc }b{rjs{ {bksfod{ so ebjy }bacb}{

rdcb}{sadc xev adc eox adflaj{ xb}b r{bc$ A }bkbds

kod{bd{r{ {sasblbds mv seb Fdsb}dasfodaj A{{okfasfod o

Pbsb}fda}v Bcfso}{ y}opfcb{ arseo} hrfcbjfdb{ o} pbsb}fda}v

gor}daj{ seas yrmjf{e {srcfb{ fdpojpfdh adflaj{* fdkjrcfdh

kjfbds,oxdbc adflaj{$ Seb{b pa}for{ hrfcbjfdb{ ebjy

acc}b{{ fd{sfsrsfodaj* krjsr}aj* adc cf{kfyjfda}v cfb}bdkb{

fd seb yb}kbfpbc bsefkaj r{b o adflaj{ fd }b{ba}ke$

Cbsafjbc }byo}sfdh o adflaj r{b adc o seb hrfcbjfdb{ adc

{sadca}c{ ojjoxbc y}opfcb{ seb fdo}lasfod dbkb{{a}v

o} }bpfbxb}{* bcfso}{* adc }bacb}{ so bd{r}b seas bsefkaj

hrfcbjfdb{ eapb mbbd ojjoxbc$ Gor}daj{ yrmjf{ebc fd

{olb kords}fb{* fdkjrcfdh seb Rdfsbc Nfdhcol* eapbb{ybkfajjv {s}fdhbds hrfcbjfdb{ o} adflaj r{b seas lr{s

mb kod{fcb}bc as seb sflb a }b{ba}ke {srcv f{ mbfdh

yjaddbc* a{ arseo}{ xfjj mb ebjc so {rke hrfcbjfdb{ xebd

a ladr{k}fys f{ kod{fcb}bc o} yrmjfkasfod$

Seb }orsfdb r{b o cfhfsaj flahb{ adc seb yosbdsfaj so

keadhb o} ladfyrjasb sebl r{fdh yeoso,y}okb{{fdh

{osxa}b ea{ jbc so {s}fksb} hrfcbjfdb{ amors xeas f{

akkbysamjb$ Akko}cfdh so seb R$[$ Cbya}slbds o Ebajse

adc Erlad [b}pfkb{ O`kb o ]b{ba}ke Fdsbh}fsv %O]F*

flahb{ kad mb ladfyrjasbc odjv xebd seb bdsf}b flahb

f{ abksbc* ajsb}fdh seb opb}ajj {fwb o} kojo} majadkb*

o} bualyjb$ Eoxbpb}* cbsafj{ xfsefd seb flahb* {rke

a{ a kbjj* {s}rksr}b* o} madc xfsefd a

Writing for Publication in Veterinary Medicine, Laing Danet

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