WorldHist- Industrial revolution (Ch.18)
Transcript of WorldHist- Industrial revolution (Ch.18)
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Industrial Revolution
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Historical Significance of the Industrial Revolution
• An ancient Greek or Roman & Europe in 1700 = basically the same life as pre-Industrialization• agriculture and technology were not much changed in
2000+ years
• The Industrial Revolution changed human life drastically
•More was created in the last 250+ years of history than in the previous 2500+ years
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What was the Industrial Revolution?
• fundamental change •way goods were produced • human labor machines
•The more efficient means of production and subsequent higher levels of production triggered far-reaching changes to industrialized societies
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The Factory System
The Factory System
×Rigid schedule.
×12-14 hour day.
×Dangerous conditions.
×Mind-numbing monotony.
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Textile FactoryWorkers in England
Textile FactoryWorkers in England
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Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
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John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”
John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”
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The Power LoomThe Power Loom
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James Watt’s Steam Engine
James Watt’s Steam Engine
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Steam TractorSteam Tractor
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Steam ShipSteam Ship
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An Early Steam Locomotive
An Early Steam Locomotive
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Later LocomotivesLater Locomotives
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The Impact of the Railroad
The Impact of the Railroad
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Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851
Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851
Exhibitions of the new industrial utopia.
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Crystal Palace:British Ingenuity on
Display
Crystal Palace:British Ingenuity on
Display
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19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau Riche
19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau Riche
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Criticism of the New Bourgeoisie
Criticism of the New Bourgeoisie
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Stereotype of the Factory Owner
Stereotype of the Factory Owner
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“Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life
“Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life
This is one of the things we love about Downton
Abbey. It shows the life above stairs
and below stairs.
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Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830
Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830Age of Worker Male Wages Female Wages
under 11 2s 3d. 2s. 4d.
11 - 16 4s. 1d. 4s. 3d.
17 - 21 10s. 2d. 7s. 3d.
22 - 26 17s. 2d. 8s. 5d.
27 - 31 20s. 4d. 8s. 7d.
32 - 36 22s. 8d. 8s. 9d.
37 - 41 21s. 7d. 9s. 8d.
42 - 46 20s. 3d. 9s. 3d.
47 - 51 16s. 7d. 8s. 10d.
52 - 56 16s. 4d. 8s. 4d.
57 - 61 13s. 6d. 6s. 4d.
What do you notice?
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Industrial Staffordshire
Industrial Staffordshire
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Problems of Pollution
Problems of Pollution
The Silent Highwayman - 1858
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The New Industrial City
The New Industrial City
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Early-19c Londonby Gustave Dore
Early-19c Londonby Gustave Dore
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Worker Housing in Manchester
Worker Housing in Manchester
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Factory Workers at Home
Factory Workers at Home
This picture tells us many things about the “have
nots” in the Industrial Age1. How many people are in
this room?
2. What are they doing?
3. Is this what people usually do at home?
4. Why would they be doing this at home,
after hours?
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Workers Housing in Newcastle TodayWorkers Housing in Newcastle Today
Have conditions changed much for the working class today?
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The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists
× People as a society should operate and own the means of production, not individuals.
× Their goal was a society that benefited everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few.
× Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].
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Industrialization By 1850
Industrialization By 1850
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Railroads on the Continent
Railroads on the Continent
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Art of the Industrial Revolution Era
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Cultural Impact: Romanticism
The Romantics glorified the divine power of nature as a
reaction to the Industrial
Revolution’s achievement of
controlling nature through technology.
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Cultural Impact: The Visual Arts
French artist Honore Daumier painted the
poor and working classes. In Third-Class Carriage (shown here), he illustrates with great compassion a group of
people on a train journey.
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Romanticism• Reaction to the Enlightenment
• Writers = combined history, legend, folklore
• Music & art – emphasized feelings
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Realism• Represent the world as it
was, not idealistic
• Often portrayed the poor and their struggles
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Impressionism• The first “impression” of a scene from the
viewer’s perspective
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J.M.W. Turner
The Fighting “Temeraire”
Cultural Impact: The Visual Arts