Transcript of World Wars Unit World War I (1914-1918) World War II (1939-1945)
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World Wars Unit World War I (1914-1918) World War II
(1939-1945)
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American Wars American Revolution (1775-1783) American
Revolution (1775-1783) War of 1812 (1812-1815) War of 1812
(1812-1815) Mexican War (1846-1848) Mexican War (1846-1848) U.S.
Civil War (1861-1865) U.S. Civil War (1861-1865) Spanish-American
War (1898) Spanish-American War (1898) World War I (1917-1918)
World War I (1917-1918) World War II (1941-1945) World War II
(1941-1945) Korean War (1950-1953) Korean War (1950-1953) Vietnam
War (1953-1975) Vietnam War (1953-1975)
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American Wars (continued) Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) Persian
Gulf War (1990-1991) War in Afghanistan (2001-Present) War in
Afghanistan (2001-Present) Iraq War (2003-2011) Iraq War
(2003-2011)
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Causes of World War I 1. Nationalism Pride in ones country
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Causes of World War I 2. Entangled Alliances agreements between
nations to protect each other.
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Causes of World War I 3. Militarism Arms races between
nationsArms races between nations Built up to intimidate other
nationsBuilt up to intimidate other nations Russian army had over
1,000,000Russian army had over 1,000,000 Germany and France had
900,000 eachGermany and France had 900,000 each 4. Imperialism
Stronger countries taking over smaller ones
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The Spark Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand From Austria-Hungary
& was visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia.From
Austria-Hungary & was visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia.
He was assassinated by terrorists of Serbia who wanted Bosnia to
break from A-H and join SerbiaHe was assassinated by terrorists of
Serbia who wanted Bosnia to break from A-H and join Serbia
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The Spark Gavrilo Princip Serbian Assassin Franz Ferdinand
& his wife
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Central Powers vs Allied Powers Central Powers GERMANY GERMANY
AUSTRIA HUNGARY AUSTRIA HUNGARY OTTOMAN EMPIRE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Allied Powers FRANCE FRANCE BRITAIN BRITAIN RUSSIA RUSSIA ITALY
ITALY
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Conditions on the Front in WWI 1. New Weapons Utilized Machine
GunsMachine Guns Poison gas (Mustard Gas)Poison gas (Mustard Gas)
TanksTanks Airplanes & U-Boats (Submarines)Airplanes &
U-Boats (Submarines)
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Conditions on the Front in WWI 2. Trench Warfare No Mans LandNo
Mans Land Disease and influenzaDisease and influenza
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Battle of Ypres Legends of the Fall https://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=VYWlhwmxg7g
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First Three Years of the War Deadly battles were fought w/
nothing to show but a stalemate. Deadly battles were fought w/
nothing to show but a stalemate. A stalemate is a deadlock in which
neither side is strong enough to defeat the other. A stalemate is a
deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the
other.
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America Joins the War
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US Army President Woodrow Wilson gets declaration of war from
Congress President Woodrow Wilson gets declaration of war from
Congress Entire army led by General Pershing Entire army led by
General Pershing Industrial power of the U.S. changes the course of
the war Industrial power of the U.S. changes the course of the war
Shortly after joining the war, Germany seeks peace Shortly after
joining the war, Germany seeks peace
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World War I Casualties
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Effects of World War I Treaty of Versailles Treaty of
Versailles -Establishment of League of Nations -German reparations
: King Wilhelm II steps down Over 9 million dead known as the Lost
Generation Over 9 million dead known as the Lost Generation
*America seen as a power to be dealt with after the war.
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WWI - End of Empires Hapsburg Dynasty (Germany & Austria)
Hapsburg Dynasty (Germany & Austria) Romanovs Romanovs (Russian
Czars) (Russian Czars) Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire (Middle East)
(Middle East) Family of Czar Nicholas II last of the Romanov Rulers
of Russia
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The Russian Revolution 1917Workers revolt against the Czar --
Bolsheviks take over Russia and begin a socialist system under
Vladimir Lenin. 1917Workers revolt against the Czar -- Bolsheviks
take over Russia and begin a socialist system under Vladimir Lenin.
Allied countries (Great Britain, France, Japan and the United
States) send troops to support anti-communist forces, but communist
forces eventually prevail. Allied countries (Great Britain, France,
Japan and the United States) send troops to support anti-communist
forces, but communist forces eventually prevail.
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The Soviet Union 1922 --Lenin establishes the Soviet Union
(USSR) 1922 --Lenin establishes the Soviet Union (USSR)
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The Rise of Joseph Stalin 1924Lenin dies Several leaders
struggle for power including Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin.
1924Lenin dies Several leaders struggle for power including Leon
Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Eventually, Stalin seizes power and
becomes a dictator over USSRimposing a totalitarian state.
Eventually, Stalin seizes power and becomes a dictator over
USSRimposing a totalitarian state. He begins a Five Year Plan to
increase industrialization and collectivize agriculture in the
Soviet Union. He begins a Five Year Plan to increase
industrialization and collectivize agriculture in the Soviet
Union.
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The Red Scare After the Russian Revolution, fear of a similar
revolution in the United States by communists from Russia led to a
period known as the Red Scare. After the Russian Revolution, fear
of a similar revolution in the United States by communists from
Russia led to a period known as the Red Scare. This led to increase
fear of immigrants and restrictions on immigration were passed by
Congress. This led to increase fear of immigrants and restrictions
on immigration were passed by Congress.
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New Leaders Emerge In Italy, a new fascist government emerged
in 1922 under Benito Mussolini. He rose to power using propaganda,
brutality, and intimidation promoting an ultra- nationalist Italy
and himself as Il Duce (the Leader). In Italy, a new fascist
government emerged in 1922 under Benito Mussolini. He rose to power
using propaganda, brutality, and intimidation promoting an ultra-
nationalist Italy and himself as Il Duce (the Leader).
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Fascism in Germany In 1921, Adolf Hitler took control of the
National Socialist German Workers Partybetter known as the Nazis.
In 1921, Adolf Hitler took control of the National Socialist German
Workers Partybetter known as the Nazis. He became chancellor of
Germany in 1933 and eventually claimed the title Fuhrer (guide of
Germany) and established himself as dictator over the Third Reich.
He became chancellor of Germany in 1933 and eventually claimed the
title Fuhrer (guide of Germany) and established himself as dictator
over the Third Reich.
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Leadership in Japan Japanese Emperor Hirohito began his reign
in Japan in 1926. He did not exercise absolute control over the
government. Japanese Emperor Hirohito began his reign in Japan in
1926. He did not exercise absolute control over the government.
Instead, an army general, Hideki Tojo, assumed the role of Japans
premier leading it through World War II. Instead, an army general,
Hideki Tojo, assumed the role of Japans premier leading it through
World War II.
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Authoritarian Government and Totalitarianism Authoritarian
Government - is ruled by a single person or party interested in
political power. Authoritarian Government - is ruled by a single
person or party interested in political power. Totalitarianism - is
a government which seeks to control not only political power, but
the economy, culture, and social life. Totalitarianism - is a
government which seeks to control not only political power, but the
economy, culture, and social life. These governments often use
terror and fear--utilizing propaganda and controlling access to
information such as the press and education. (Examples: Italy,
Germany, & USSR) These governments often use terror and
fear--utilizing propaganda and controlling access to information
such as the press and education. (Examples: Italy, Germany, &
USSR)
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Aggression in Asia 1931Japan Invades Manchuria 1931Japan
Invades Manchuria Japan leaves the League of Nations Japan leaves
the League of Nations By 1938, Japan has control of major cities
along Chinese coast By 1938, Japan has control of major cities
along Chinese coast
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German Expansion Hitler begins rebuilding German military and
marches troops into the Rhineland (lost in WWI) Hitler begins
rebuilding German military and marches troops into the Rhineland
(lost in WWI) Germany annexes Austria and claims parts of the
Sudetenland Germany annexes Austria and claims parts of the
Sudetenland Great Britain and France pursue policy of
appeasementrather than challenge Hitlers aggression Great Britain
and France pursue policy of appeasementrather than challenge
Hitlers aggression In 1939, Hitler invades Poland In 1939, Hitler
invades Poland Britain and France declare war on Germanythus
beginning World War II Britain and France declare war on
Germanythus beginning World War II
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The Holocaust Hitlers policy of Nazi racism targeted Jewish
people and fed on European anti- semitism (racism against Jews)
Hitlers policy of Nazi racism targeted Jewish people and fed on
European anti- semitism (racism against Jews) Hitler viewed Jews as
a national enemy and began implementing his Final
Solutionelimination of Jewish people by sending them to
concentration camps as slave laborers and then executing them in
gas chambers Hitler viewed Jews as a national enemy and began
implementing his Final Solutionelimination of Jewish people by
sending them to concentration camps as slave laborers and then
executing them in gas chambers The extermination of nearly 6
million Jews, as well as Gypsies, Slavs, and other people deemed
undesirable came to be known as the Holocaust The extermination of
nearly 6 million Jews, as well as Gypsies, Slavs, and other people
deemed undesirable came to be known as the Holocaust
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World War II --1940 Germany invades and takes control of:
Germany invades and takes control of: Denmark, Norway, Belgium,
Netherlands and France Begin blitzkrieg of Britain; nightly bombing
raids Begin blitzkrieg of Britain; nightly bombing raids British
Royal Air Force help fight off German air assault and prevent
invasion. British Royal Air Force help fight off German air assault
and prevent invasion.
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Axis Powers 1940,Germany, Italy and Japan form an alliance
known as the Axis Powers 1940,Germany, Italy and Japan form an
alliance known as the Axis Powers
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US Neutrality before World War II 1935 Neutrality Act passed by
Congress to stay out of European conflicts 1935 Neutrality Act
passed by Congress to stay out of European conflicts 1940 -- U.S.
imposes embargo on Japan after its invasion of China 1940 -- U.S.
imposes embargo on Japan after its invasion of China March, 1941
Congress passes March, 1941 Congress passes Lend-Lease Act to allow
President Roosevelt to send aid to Great Britain
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Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Dec. 7 th 1941Japan launches
surprise attack on U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Dec.
7 th 1941Japan launches surprise attack on U.S. Pacific Fleet at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
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After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. declares war on Japan and joins
Allies (Great Britain, USSR, and French resistance) against the
Axis Powers After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. declares war on Japan and
joins Allies (Great Britain, USSR, and French resistance) against
the Axis Powers U.S. joins Allies in World War II
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Women join domestic war effort Many women filled industrial
jobs that had been held by men who were sent overseas Many women
filled industrial jobs that had been held by men who were sent
overseas A popular symbol of these women was Rosie the Riveter A
popular symbol of these women was Rosie the Riveter
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Suspicion of Germans, Italians and Japanese in U.S. Since the
U.S. was at war with these countries, suspicion of citizens with
origins in Germany, Italy and Japan led to their removal to remote
internment camps. Since the U.S. was at war with these countries,
suspicion of citizens with origins in Germany, Italy and Japan led
to their removal to remote internment camps.
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Allied Powers meet at Tehran In 1943, leaders of the three
major Allied Powers (ChurchillBritain, Roosevelt--US, Stalin--
USSR) In 1943, leaders of the three major Allied Powers
(ChurchillBritain, Roosevelt--US, Stalin-- USSR) met in the Tehran
Conference to discuss plans for defeating Germany
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D-Day June 6, 1944 - The amphibious invasion of Normandy
(occupied by Nazis) named Operation Overlord headed by supreme
allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower June 6, 1944 - The amphibious
invasion of Normandy (occupied by Nazis) named Operation Overlord
headed by supreme allied commander Dwight D. Eisenhower
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Germany Surrenders German power pushed back to Berlin German
power pushed back to Berlin With Russian and American Armies
approaching Berlin, Hitler commits suicide in his bunker on April
30, 1945 With Russian and American Armies approaching Berlin,
Hitler commits suicide in his bunker on April 30, 1945 German
officers surrender on May 8, 1945 German officers surrender on May
8, 1945 Known as V-E Day (Victory Europe Day) Known as V-E Day
(Victory Europe Day)
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The Atomic Bomb Led by Robert Oppenheimer, the Manhattan
Project successfully produced two Atomic bombs at Los Alamos, New
Mexico (called Fat Man and Little Boy) Led by Robert Oppenheimer,
the Manhattan Project successfully produced two Atomic bombs at Los
Alamos, New Mexico (called Fat Man and Little Boy) On August 6 th,
1945, the first Atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima, Japan On
August 6 th, 1945, the first Atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima,
Japan Three days later, a second bomb exploded over Nagasaki Three
days later, a second bomb exploded over Nagasaki Japan surrendered
on August 14 th, 1945thus ending World War II and beginning the
Atomic Age Japan surrendered on August 14 th, 1945thus ending World
War II and beginning the Atomic Age