World War IIWorld War IIMilitary Action & DiplomacyMilitary Action & Diplomacy

AXIS POWERS & LEADERSAXIS POWERS & LEADERSAdolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

GermanyGermany

Benito Benito MussoliniMussolini

ItalyItaly

EmperorEmperor

HirohitoHirohito

GeneralGeneral

TojoTojo

JapanJapan

ALLIED POWERS & ALLIED POWERS & LEADERSLEADERS

FDRFDR

United StatesUnited States

Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

Soviet UnionSoviet Union

Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill

Great BritainGreat Britain

Charles DeGaulleCharles DeGaulle

Free French MovementFree French Movement

Chiang Kai ShekChiang Kai Shek

ChinaChina

WAR IN EUROPEWAR IN EUROPE

1942 = El Alamein (Operation Torch)Montgomery (Brit.) & Eisenhower (US)DefeatRommel “Desert Fox”

1943-944 = Allies Invade Italy

1942 = StalingradTurning point in Eastern FrontApril 1945 =

Soviets Capture Berlin

Dec. 1944 = Battle of the BulgeLast Push by Hitler

June 1944, D DayOperation OverlordAllies invade FranceStart pushing Germany Back

WAR IN PACIFICWAR IN PACIFIC

1941=Pearl HarborJapan attacks US

1942=Battle of MidwayTurning Point in Pacific, Japan on defensive

1942=Philippines & Corregidor FallBataan Death March

1944=Battle of Leyte GulfMacArthur Returns

1945=Battle of OkinawaOpens for Invasion of Japan50,000 US Casualties

1945=Battle of Iwo JimaOne of Bloodiest Battles, 25,000 US Casualties

1945=A-Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & NagasakiEnds WWIIBetween 200,000-300,000 Japanes killed w/ two bombs

1942-43=Battle of GuadalcanalJungle WarfareStart Island Hopping Strategy

END OF WAREND OF WAR• May 8, 1945 = V-E DayMay 8, 1945 = V-E Day

– Soviets advance on BerlinSoviets advance on Berlin– Hitler commits suicideHitler commits suicide

• August 14, 1945 = V-J DayAugust 14, 1945 = V-J Day– Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & NagasakiBombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki

• Manhattan Project: J. Robert OppenheimerManhattan Project: J. Robert Oppenheimer

• Alamogordo, NM first testAlamogordo, NM first test

DIPLOMACYDIPLOMACY• 1943 = 1943 = Casablanca ConferenceCasablanca Conference (FDR & Churchill)(FDR & Churchill)

– Declare policy of unconditional surrenderDeclare policy of unconditional surrender

– Agree Italy invaded first, before open 2Agree Italy invaded first, before open 2ndnd Front Front

• 1943 = 1943 = Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference (“Big Three”) (“Big Three”)– Agree to invade W. Europe in 1944Agree to invade W. Europe in 1944

– Stalin commits to enter war w/ JapanStalin commits to enter war w/ Japan

• 1945 = 1945 = Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference (“Big Three”) (“Big Three”)– Decide to Divide Germany & Capital city of Berlin into 4 Zones & Decide to Divide Germany & Capital city of Berlin into 4 Zones &

Soviets will enter war w/ Japan when Germany defeatedSoviets will enter war w/ Japan when Germany defeated

– Call for world organization to meet in US in 1945Call for world organization to meet in US in 1945

– Soviet refuse to hold elections after war, and take over East Germany = Soviet refuse to hold elections after war, and take over East Germany = beginnings of Cold Warbeginnings of Cold War

• 1945 = 1945 = Potsdam ConferencePotsdam Conference– Disagreement; War alliance breaking downDisagreement; War alliance breaking down

– Truman’s finds A-Bomb successful; orders dropping of bomb on JapanTruman’s finds A-Bomb successful; orders dropping of bomb on Japan