World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide · World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide ......
Transcript of World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide · World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide ......
World History Fall Semester ACP Study Guide
Directions: There are 18 specific TEKS (Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills) you need to know for the ACP. Read
through the information and visuals, marking the text (annotate) for important pieces of information. There are several
multiple choice questions after each TEK for you to practice with. This packet is your study guide. You must bring it with
you to every single class. I will check every day to see if you have brought your packet and you will receive a daily
grade. Do not lose this packet.
TEK: identify the characteristics of civilization
A civilization is a form of human culture in which some people live in cities, have complex social institutions, use some
form or writing, and are skilled at using science and technology. The first civilizations formed around river valleys. Water
cook be used for drinking, cooking, travel, and when the rivers flooded they made the soil fertile for farming.
TEK: describe the major political, religious/philosophical, and cultural influences of Persia, India, China, Israel, Greece,
and Rome, including the development of monotheism, Judaism, and Christianity
Political Religious/Philosophical Cultural
Persia Cyrus the Great expanded by conquering
Darius unified empire by building Royal Road
Divided empire into provinces called satraps
First polytheistic, then monotheistic (Zoroastrianism)
Tolerant of other cultures
Standardized coins
Royal Road connected empire and allowed trade to flourish
India Mauryan Empire: Ashoka spread Buddhism, created bureaucracy
Maurya: Buddhism, a philosophy that stresses ending desires to reach Nirvana
Gupta: Hinduism, a polytheistic religion based on karma and reincarnation
Form of writing called Sanskrit
Caste system: social class based on birth, could not move up or down
Civilization
Advanced Cities
Advanced Technology
Skilled Workers
Complex Institutions
System of Writing
QUESTION 1:
Which of the following is an essential
characteristic of a civilization?
a. Most people speak the same language
b. Women and men are treated equally
c. Most people are engaged in hunting and
gathering
d. Some people are able to read and write
QUESTION 2 & 3:
The ideals of democracy, in which citizens participate in their own government, and of
republican government, in which the leaders of government are elected by citizens,
were first introduced by-?
a. Most people speak the same language
b. Women and men are treated equally
c. Most people are engaged in hunting and gathering
d. Some people are able to read and write
Which of the following was a characteristic of ancient China?
a. The Mandate of Heaven, which said a ruler was chosen by heaven to rule
b. Belief in Judaism
c. Olympic games
d. The development of the first system of government in which citizens were
allowed to participate
China Dynasties: family of rulers
Mandate of Heaven: idea that the ruler is chosen by heaven
Confucianism: philosophy that focused on harmony and relationships
Respect for elders/dead ancestors (filial piety)
Foot binding in Tang and Song
Israel Moses led Hebrews out of slavery
Ten Commandments
Judaism is first monotheistic (Abrahamic) religion
Believed in teachings of Abraham
Ten Commandments: a set of rules given to Hebrews by God (do not murder, honor your parents)
Greece Athens: first democracy
Sparta: oligarchy
City-states (polis) develop because mountains separate Greek cities
Polytheistic
Philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Philosophers try to understand the world using logic
Olympic games
Sculptors tried to use proportion
Columns
Science/Math: round earth, geometry
Women left out of gov’t, but Spartan women held higher status than Athenian women
Rome Italy
Republic: gov’t with representatives chosen by people
12 Tables: law code
Polytheistic: similar to Greeks
Christianity later became Rome’s official religion
Women in Rome responsible for household chores, not allowed to hold office but they could own property and make wills
Domes, arches, aqueducts, concrete
QUESTION 4:
Which conclusion is directly supported by the information in the pictograph?
a. The Black Death was the most dangerous disease to ever affect humankind
b. The Black Death killed most of the world’s existing population in the 1300s
c. Almost one third of the population of Western Europe died from the Black Death
d. The Black Death affected more than one region of the world
TEK: explain how the Crusades, the Black Death, the Hundred Years' War, and the Great Schism contributed to the end
of medieval Europe
End of Medieval Europe
Crusades These wars exposed Europeans to eastern ideas and good and stimulated trade; increased trade led to the growth of towns
Black Death Killed 1/3 of Europe’s population; shortage of labor led to the decline of serfdom
Hundred Years’ War Reduced the importance of knights; gave greater financial freedom to serfs; introduced new weapons
Great Schism Occurred when there were Popes in Avignon and Rome; led people to question the authority of the church
TEK: summarize the major political, economic, and cultural developments in Tang and Song China and their impact on
Eastern Asia
Tang China Song China
Reunited China
Foot-binding
Civil service examinations
Magnetic compass, paper money, moveable type
Natural landscapes drawn with black ink
End of Medieval Europe
Crusades
Black Death
Hundred Years' War
Great Schism
QUESTION 5:
Which development best replaces the question mark to complete the chart?
a. Blank ink painting on silk
b. Paper currency (money)
c. The first joint-stock companies
d. Examinations on Confucian texts for imperial service
QUESTION 6:
One important way in which the Silk Road and West African trade routes were similar
was that along these routes –
a. The main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
b. Concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
c. A single currency was used to make transactions easier
d. Ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
TEK: analyze how the Silk Road and the African gold-salt trade facilitated the spread of ideas and trade
Silk Road Gold-Salt Trade
Began under the Han Dynasty
Connected East Asia to Europe
Trade of goods and ideas, such as Buddhism
Trans-Saharan
Merchants could cross Sahara desert on camels
Gold from West Africa was traded with Salt from North Africa and the Middle East
Ideas exchanged, such as Islamic beliefs, as well as goods
TEK: analyze the influence of human and physical geographic factors on major events in world history, including the
development of river valley civilizations, trade in the Indian Ocean
Mesopotamia Egypt Indus China
Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers
Nile river in North
Africa
Indus river
Rich soil
Huang He River
Modern day Iraq
“Fertile Crescent”
Irrigation, calendar,
wheel, bronze
Ruled by powerful
pharaoh
Built pyramids
Cities of Mohenjo-
Daro and Harappa
Precursor to
Chinese dynasties
TEK: identify important changes in human life caused by the Neolithic Revolution
Neolithic Revolution also called Agricultural Revolution
Occurred in the Middle East 10,000 years ago when people found they could obtain food by planting seeds
Food surpluses: people began to change from hunters and gatherers to producers of food.
Domestication of Animals: people learned to domesticate animals such as cattle and sheep.
Permanent Settlements: people no longer had to wander in search of food and could now establish settlements with permanent homes
TEK: identify the characteristics of the following political systems: theocracy, absolute monarchy, democracy, republic,
oligarchy, limited monarchy, and totalitarianism
Government Description
Theocracy Rule by religious leaders
QUESTION 7:
The development of river valley civilizations is directly related to
a. Systematic religious practices
b. Advances in shipbuilding
c. The emergence of agriculture
d. The sharing of new deals
QUESTION 8:
The development of systematic farming allowed Neolithic people to grow enough food
a. To expand trade routes
b. For religious ceremonies and rituals
c. To establish permanent settlements
d. For population control
Absolute Monarchy King/Queen with all power
Democracy People vote for leader
Republic Representative vote for leader
Oligarchy Government by a usually wealthy group (Sparta)
Limited Monarchy King/Queen must obey constitution
Totalitarianism A government that controls all aspects of life
TEK: explain the development of democratic-republican government from its beginnings in the Judeo-Christian legal
tradition and classical Greece and Rome
Democratic-republican government is a blend of Greek Democracy and Roman Representative government. It is
influenced heavily by the ideas of the 10 Commandments of the Judeo-Christian legal tradition.
TEK: identify the impact of political and legal ideas contained in the following documents: Hammurabi's Code, the Jewish
Ten Commandments, Justinian’s Code of Laws, and the Magna Carta
Document Impact
Hammurabi’s Code Earliest written law code “an eye for an eye”
Jewish 10 Commandments Established a moral code of conduct (no stealing/killing)
Justinian’s Code of Laws Organized laws into single written code. Based on Roman law
Magna Carta Limits the power of the monarchy
QUESTION 9:
Which concept is NOT found in a democratic republic form of government?
a. A trial by jury
b. People voting on issues
c. Religious leadership
d. Representative governing body
QUESTION 10:
Historian R.H. Barrow has stated that Rome never fell because it turned into
something even greater- an idea- and achieved immortality.
What is an example of Roman influences on modern western societies?
a. Treating women as equals in society
b. Use of concrete and arches to construct expansive transportation systems
c. Underlying belief that religion is the basis of all moral civil codes
d. Foundation for a justice system based on the belief of innocent until proven
guilty
TEK: describe the rights and responsibilities of citizens and noncitizens in civic participation throughout history
Civic Responsibility: the responsibility of a citizen to participate in democratic government and social participation.
Example: Voting.
TEK: identify the influence of ideas regarding the right to a "trial by a jury of your peers" and the concepts of "innocent
until proven guilty" and "equality before the law" that originated from the Judeo-Christian legal tradition and in Greece
and Rome
Trial by a Jury of your Peers Magna Carta
Innocent until Proven Guilty The need for evidence
Equality Before the Law King is also under the law
QUESTION 11:
What is the political and legal impact of the ideas contained in the Code of
Hammurabi, the Ten Commandments, and the Magna Carta?
a. Codes of law hold all people responsible for their actions
b. It is the government’s job to punish people as they see fit
c. One’s position in society is determined by birth and cannot be changed
d. Only wealthy people are held above the law
QUESTION 12:
Our public men have, besides politics, their private affairs to attend to, and our
ordinary citizens, though occupied with the pursuits of industry, are still fair judges of
public matters. Unlike any other nation, we regard those who take no part in these
duties not as unambitious but as useless. We Athenians are able to judge at all
events. Instead of looking on discussion a stumbling block in the way of action, we
think of it as an essential preliminary step to any wise action at all.
Which principal is described in this excerpt?
a. Civic responsibility
b. Unalienable rights
c. Economic prosperity
d. Freedom from tyranny
QUESTION 12:
“It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.”
Which principal is best reflected by the quote?
a. Trial by jury
b. Separation of church and state
c. Equality before the law
d. Innocent until proven guilty
TEK: describe the historical origins, central ideas, and spread of major religious and philosophical traditions, including
Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Sikhism, and the development of monotheism
QUESTION 13:
What is one similarity between Buddhism and Christianity?
a. Both are monotheistic
b. Both religions spread along trade routes
c. Both believe that the soul lives on, unchanged after death
d. Both have their foundations in Jewish traditions
TEK: describe the changing roles of women, children, and families during major eras of world history
River Valley Civilizations:
o Women were primary caregivers to children, families who lived on farms all worked together
Classical Era (Greece and Rome):
o Men became more powerful than women
o Spartan boys sent to military schools
o Roman women could own property and speak in court
o Families were the basic social unit
TEK: summarize the fundamental ideas and institutions of Western civilizations that originated in Greece and Rome
From Greece From Rome
Philosophy
Democracy
Art, architecture, literature, history, drama, mathematics
Republican form of government
Christianity
Rule of Law
QUESTION 14:
These examples demonstrate that
a. Roman women had the same rights as women in ancient China
b. The rights of women have varied in different cultures
c. In both ancient China and Rome, women were treated as the equals of men
d. Little has changed from one civilization to another in the roles of women
QUESTION 15:
All of these contributions to modern civilization originated in ancient
a. Egypt
b. Greece
c. China
d. Rome
TEK: analyze examples of how art, architecture, literature, music, and drama reflect the history of the cultures in which
they are produced
Early Civilizations Greece/Rome Tang/Song Renaissance
Judaism: Holy book is the Torah
Greek/Roman arches, domes, and columns
black ink
landscapes
perspective, realism, balance, proportion
TEK: identify the origin and diffusion of major ideas in mathematics, science, and technology that occurred in river valley
civilizations, classical Greece and Rome, classical India, and the Islamic caliphates between 700 and 1200 and in China
from the Tang to Ming dynasties
Mesopotamia Plow, pottery, bronze, wheel, arch, sail
Egypt Mummification, pyramids, hieroglyphics, papyrus
Indus Sewers
Huang He Silk, ironworks, Great Wall of China
Greece Columns
Rome Arches, domes, concrete, aqueducts
India Astrolabe, algebra
Tang to Ming China
Moveable type, paper money, magnetic compass, Chinese junk
QUESTION 16:
Which artistic ideal is demonstrated by the
architecture in this building?
a. Ideal proportions convey harmony and
beauty
b. Lofty internal spaces give viewers an
other-worldly sense of the divine
c. Elaborate decorations show the power
and grandeur of the secular ruler
d. Gentle curves echo the beauty of the
human form
QUESTION 17, 18:
Which civilization is the origin of these innovations?
a. Egypt
b. Sumer (Mesopotamia)
c. Indus River Valley
d. Huang He
The technological advances of the compass, gunpowder, and printing had their roots
in the
a. Mughal Empire of India
b. Ottoman Empire of the Middle East
c. Tang and Song Dynasties of China
d. Sikh religion of northern India