Workbook - Arch Exam Academy ~ Free Arch Exam Candidate ...archexamacademy.com/download/Structural...
Transcript of Workbook - Arch Exam Academy ~ Free Arch Exam Candidate ...archexamacademy.com/download/Structural...
WKARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
AREWORKBOOK
WK-3ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBGraphic Representation of Forces
WK-4ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBLateral Stability
WK-5ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
Gra
vaaita
tioiina
l LoL
adss
P&&BPoooPoostst &&& BBeaeammm
MFMMoMMMomementnt FFrarameme
BFBrBracacedeed FrFrramamee
SWWShShheaear r WaWaW llll
Latee
ral L
ooads
PB MF BF SW
WK-6ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBInternal Stresses
WK-7ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBInternal Couples
WK-8ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBGravitational Forces : Load Paths
WK-9ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBAlgebraic Addition of Forces
WK-10ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBGraphic Addition of Forces
WK-11ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBGraphic Addition of Forces
WK-12ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB WK-12ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBBending Moments
WK-13ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
EEEEEEDDD
CCCCCCCCCCBBAAA
BB
Bending Moments 2
WK-14ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBLoads & Reactions
WK-15ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBAxial Loads : Hooke's Law
WK-16ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBTrusses : Concepts
WK-17ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
B J
JJ
CC
RR
EE
PP
FF
NN
HH
LL
GGGGGG
GG
MMM
DD
DDDDD
A K
22K
11KK
11K
33K 44KK
10KK
55KK 66KK
9KK
77K
8KK
Joint Configuration
WK-18ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
BB
AA
C
K
D
J
EE
HH
F
G
BB
AA
C
K
D
J
EE
HH
F
G
Trusses: Methods of Joints
WK-19ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
BB
AA
C
K
D
J
EE
HH
F
G
Trusses: Methods of Joints
WK-20ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
CCCC DD EE FF
P N
HG
MM L K J
PPRATTT
CC DD E F
PPP N
HHGG
M L K J
HHHOOWWEEE
AAA
BBB CC D E F
PP NN
HHGG
MM LL K J
WWWWAARRRREEENN
A
BBC
DE
F G
CCCAANNTTIILLEEVVEERR
CCANTILEVEER
Trusses : Member Configuration
A
BC
DEE
F G
WK-21ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBTrusses: Method of Sections
WK-22ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB WK-22ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
AAA
AA
DD
DD
BB
BBB
CC
CCC 11KKK 11KKKK 11KKKK
2K 2K 2KK
3K 33K 3K
44KK 44KK 44KK
5KK 5KK 5KK
66K 66K 66K7KK 7KK 7KK8K 8K 8K9K 9K 9K
Braced Frame Elevation
WK-23ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBTributary Load Analysis
WK-24ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
c1 c22 c33
c44 c55 c66
c77 c88 c99
G11
G33
GG555
G22
G44
GG66666
BB1
BBBB22
BBBB33
BBBBB44
BBBBBB55
B66
BB7777
B8
BB99999
Tributary Load Analysis
WK-25ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
c1c c2c c3c
c4c c5c c6c
c7c c8c c9c
GG1
GG3
GGGGG55
GG2
GG4
GGG66
BBBB11
BBBB22
BBBB33
BBBBB44
BBB55
BB66666
BB7777
BB8888
BB99999
Tributary Load Analysis
WK-26ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
c1 c22 c33
c44 c55 c66
c77 c88 c99
G11
G33
GG555
G22
G44
GG66666
BB1
BBBB22
BBBB33
BBBBB44
BBBBBB55
B66
BB7777
B8
BB99999
Steel Beams
WK-27ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
c1c c2c c3c
c4c c5c c6c
c7c c8c c9c
GG1
GG3
GGGGG55
GG2
GG4
GGG66
BBBB11
BBBB22
BBBB33
BBBBB44
BBB55
BB66666
BB7777
BB8888
BB99999
Steel Beams
WK-28ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBPerpendicular Load Synopsis
WK-29ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBBeam Design Synopsis
WK-30ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBSteel Shapes
WK-31ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBShear (V) & Bending Moment (M) Diagrams
WK-32ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
Si
Sim
pm
ppplyly S S
upuppppopo
rtrtededee
Ca
Ca
CCntnt
ilileveverer
edededeO
vO
vOOOO
ererhahaaaa
ngngss
V=V=00
M==0
V=V=00
M==0
M=M 0
V=V=VVVVV 000
Shear (V) & Bending Moment (M) Diagrams
WK-33ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
V==V===V=000
M==M 00
Mul
tiplee
Spa
nnM
ultip
lee S
pann
V==0
M==0
Shear (V) & Bending Moment (M) Diagrams
WK-34ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBCombined Loading in Columns
WK-35ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBBolted Connections
WK-36ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBWelded Connections
WK-37ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBConcrete Beam : Stirrups & Rebar
WK-38ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBTypes of Retaining Walls
WK-39ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBOverturning Moments versus Stabilizing Moments
WK-40ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB WK 40ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
Maade oof piece ess.• Typip calll y wow od, , pre-e casts plaanks,s • unununtotottott ppppppppeded dddddecececkikiingngng.Diapa hraga m m defoorms s (bene dss).• Frono t CChC ordd d • BaBaBackcckck C CCCChohohorddrdddrdd • Coornerrs of diaphp ragmg ddistoort.• SpSpacini g offf walllslslll ddicci tat teet s lool add • did ststststribuubuutit ono tto o vevev rtticcccccala s.sL > > 3WW• NoNoooooo ttororsissis onon.• Loada fror m ddiapppphragggggm iss disstrib-• utede to o verttical lateral-resistit ngmemeeembmbereeers s ususuu ining gggg trtribibbbututarrrarrry yy loloadadaa anala ysisi .Loada distribbutioon fromo ddia-• phphrarrrrar gmmgmm iis s iniiniii dedepepep ndddnddddenent t ofof rrigiigii idid----ity of vere ticaal mem mbbers..Diapa hraga m m is wweakekk r thhan vver-• titicacaaalsls.In-pplane deeflecttion of diiaphragmm• > 2 2 x inn-plaane dd drifft ooff waall.
Flexiiblee DDiaphragggmms
606 K
606 K60KK 606 K 6000K
60KK 606 K 600K
60K 600K 60KK606 K
60KK606 K600K60KK
60KK 60KK
600600KK
R
R= = =
1
R =
==1
R =
==11
R
R== ==
1
R
R= ==
1
R =
==22
R
R= ===
1
R =
==5
R =
==33
R
RR
R= =
1
R =
==2
R =
==11
R =
==11
R =
=1
R
R= =
1
R =
=11
R
R= ==
1
R
R= =
1
R =
==11
R =
=44
R
R= =
1
R =
=1
R
RR=
R
RRR=
L= M=M R= L== M== R==
L= M=M R= L=L M=M R=R
488848888’ 4884888’
484 ’
48’ 484 ’969969 ’’
4848’ 4844448’969 ’
8080’ 1616’’9699 ’
24’ 727 ’9666966’’
48’161616’
Ch
Ch
CCoro
d
Ch
Ch
Ch
Cho
rd F
oFoForcrc
e
= == 1212505050 ##/f/ft.t.= = 1.255 k/ft.
ww
= 12250 #/f/ t.= = 1.1 252225 kk/ff/fft.t
w
= 12505 #/fft.= = 1.1 25222525 kk/f/ft.t.t
w
D
ΔΔ
IfIf Δ ΔΔ > 2D2D ------ F Flel xiiblbblbb eIfIf ΔΔΔΔΔ << 2D2DD ------ RRRRigiigidid
oooooCCCCCCCooooTTTTToooo
Flexible Diaphragms
WK-41ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
6066606 K
R
R= =
11
R
RRR=
1
R
RR=
1
R
R=
11
R
R=
11
R
RR=
2
R
RR=
11
R
RRR =
5
RRR
RR=
3
R
RR=
11
R
RR =
22
R
R
RR=
1
R =
==11
R
R= =
1
R =
=1
R =
=1
R =
= 11
R
R= =
1
R =
===11
R =
==4
R =
==11
R =
==11
R
RRR=
R
RR=
L=L M== R== L=L M== R==
L=L M== R== L== M= R=
48444844844 ’’’ 48444844844 ’’’4844848’ 48488’
96969699 ’’’
48’ 488’96969 ’’ 969666’’
24’ 722’96999699699 ’’’
= = 12125050 ##/f/ft.t= 1.25 kk/ft.
ww
= 121225050 # ##/f/ft.t= 1.25 k/f/ t.
www
= ==== 12125055505 ##/f/ft.tttt= = 1.255 k/ft.
ww
IfIfIf Δ Δ ΔΔΔΔ < < < 2D2DDDD2DD - ----- RR RigggiggigggidididIf ΔΔ > 2DD ------ Fleexiblee
488’ 48’
96’
60KK 60KKK 600KK
600KK 60KKKK 600KK
600600K 6060K
606 KK 606 KK 600KK600KK
606 K 606 K 600K 600K
488’
2424’
D
Δ
D
Δ
Equal Rigidities C .M. coincides CC.R.
TorT siosios n:
EquE al Rigiditiet s C.M.. coincides C.R..
TorTTTTT sioi n:n
Uneequal Rigiditties C..M. ≈ CC.R.
TorTorsiossioss nn:
TorTorsiosssion:n:n: TorTorTTTorTT siosiosion:n:nnn: TorrTorsiosios n:n:n:
ToroT sioi n:: TorTorsiossionn:
Torsion:T i Torsion:T i
ΣR = ΣΣR = ΣR =R
ΣΣR =R ΣΣΣΣΣΣR =R ΣΣR =R =R
ΣΣΣR =R =R ΣΣR =R =RR
ΣΣΣΣΣΣR =RR = ΣΣΣR =R =RRRR =R
Monon lithhic, CoC ntiinuousu•Typically y casts -in--placce cooncreete•VeVeVertrtrttticicicalalals ssssss dededefoffoffoff rmrmrm,, ,,,,,, DiDiDiapapapa hrhrhragaagaaaga m mm•doese notoChChoroooro dsds d do o nononn t t bebeeendnd, ththeyeyyy ddririftftftt•Cornr ers s of DDiaphhragmm remain n•squareSpSpacaacaa ining g gg ofof w wwwalallsls d doeeoees ss nonooot t afaffefeeectct•loadd distrt ibuttion to vere ticaalsL<LL 3 333WWW•Torssion Possssibleee•Loada froom diiaphragm m is ddistrib-•utututeddeddeddd ttto oo vevevvevv rtrtrticiccicccalalal lllatataataaaa erereralaalaaala -rr-resessesssisisistititingngnngnnn membm errs in propop rtioon too theirirelaative rigidities (stifffnesss)LoLoLoadadadaa dddississsissstrtrtribibibutuutuutuu ioioion nnnnnn frfrfromomommm dddiaaiaaaiaa-•phraagm is inndepeendene t off spaac-ining g ofofo vvereree titicacaaal l memeeembmbereeree s.sDiapphraga m is strrongeer thana•vertticalssInIn-PPPPPlalaneneee ddefleflflflecectitiononoo oof ffff didiapapa hrhragagaa m m•is << 2 x In-Plaane ddrift oof waall.
C.M.M = Centet r ofo Masa s(C(Cennentet r ofofo DDiaiii phhrragmmgm))(C(( ennter ofo Appppppppp liedd Load)))
C.R.R = CCentet r off Riggidityy(C(Cennennteter r ofoofo VVereere titicaacal l ReeResisiststining gMembm ers)s
Rigidd Diappphraagmmss600K
Rigid Diaphragms
WK-42ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARB
Postt & Beae m - PB Momem nt Framem s - MF Bracced Frar mes s - BF Shhear WaW lls s - SWW
A.KA.KK.A.A : : RiRigigid d FrFFrF amame,e,e FFixixeddded FFrarameemee, MoMomemem ntnt-RR-RResesisistitingnngn FFraramemem TrTrrususu sesed d FrFrF amame,e,e RiRRigigid d MaMaM ssss, MaMMaM ssss IInfnfn ililll
CONOOCONNECNECTIOTTTIONS:NS: RiRigigid,d tttraranfnfererer oof f moomooomementnt f ffrorom m HoHoH ririzozontnnttalal tto o VeVVVertrticicalala SiSimpmpm lele, PiPPinnnnededd JJoiointntsss SiSSiSSS mpmplele, , PiPinnnnedeede JJoiointntn ssMomeent-Ressisting Coonnectiions doo NOT transfeer Momem nt CoC nnecctions dod NOTO transsfer Mooment
FLEEXIBILIITY OF Full fleexibilityy with wiw ndowws, dooors andd other openingn s Somo ewhat a more re estricctive witht locattion / sizi e of oopeningg restrictive with h location o / sizez of oppening (ar( chitece t's nightg mare)e
PLAAPLALANNINNING NG G SPASPACE:CE:C (A(Arcccrccchihitetectctt's's bbesest tt frfrieiendnd)) SmaSSSmaS ll ll OpeOpeO ninnings gs g maymay be beb plplaceccacec d sd symmymmm etretricaicac llylly abbabboutout CeeeCeentrnntroidoid
DUCDUCTILTILITYITYTY :: ExExcecellllenene tt StSteeeeeeee l l isis nnatata ururalallyyyly DDucuctitiilele ;; CConooonoo crcreteteee GoooGoodod StSteeeel l BFBF aareree llesess s dudddudd ctctilile e ththanan SSSSteteelel MMMMFF LeLLeasast t DuDDDuctctilileeneede s spece ial deetailing g for Duuctility
RIGRIGGIDIIDITY TY :: LoLoww (Cooo(Cooooncrncreteete MF MF isis mommore re rigriggid id thathan Snn Snnn teeteel Ml MF)F) MooMoorere RRiggigidid tthahan nnn MFMF MoMMostst RRRRigigididDRIR FT : High (Engn ineer'r s nighhtmare)) Leess Driftf than MF LeL ast DrD ift (Enggineer's s best ffriend))(sww(sway)ay)
DAMADAMPINPING :G :G
DAMA AGEG TO TO
STRRUCT. MEMBERE S : Low Loow LoL w
DAMA AGE TO NON-
STRRUCT. MEMBERE S : Highg Meedium LeL ast
COSOO T : $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ( ( in steel : : weldeer certifification,nn, $ $ $ $ $ $$$$ weld inspectc ion)
TYPPICAL MMATERIAR LS : Steel , , Cast-I- n-Placce (CIPP) Concrete Steee l, Wooo d CoC ncreete SW W , Plywwood SWS , Reini forcede Massonry(w( ood d cannoto be mam de to o resistt momene ts)) (CC( oncrette doess not do o Tenssion!)) (St(( eel Shear Platea Sheare Wallss currentln y uyy nder deveeloppmennt)))
BUILDING G CONFIGF . : Low, BBroad-bbase Buuildings, not much laterae l forcr e to resie st Taaller, Skkinnier Buildinngsg TaT llest Buildingngs
BAYAY SIZE : Small Columnm Gridd Wiider Coolumn Grid LaL rgestt Grid
INDDIVIDUAAL MEMBM ER
STRRESSES : Greae test Leess Strese s on i ndividdual meemberrs LeL ast StS ress oon Indiividual M embeb rs
STRRUCTURAU L LOADO - Axxial Tensn ionTRAANSFER E MECCHANISMM: BeB nding,g Flexux re Axxial Compm resssion ShS ear
HERRO : Ludwigg Mies s van der Roheh Joohn Hanncock TTower - Chicaago LeL Corbbusier, , Ando, , cast-in-place e conccrete(a( lso coores, eelevators, retrrooms, stairwwells…))
COMO MENTS T : Must bbe withh dual sys stemm (needds BF/ SW) if tall bldgd . Moso t efficiec nt Lata eral SSystem in term om f streength vs.ws eighth inncreases s Deada Loaad (liabib lity in seismiic designg )
SYMSYMMETEMETE RY RY OF OF O VERRVERRTICTICT AL AL ANDAAND HO HOHORIZRIZONTNONTN AL AL LATLALATALA ERAERAAL RL RESIIESISTISSTING NGG SYSSYSTEMETEMSS LINLINL KK
LINK
1 22 3 4 5 6 7 7
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 66 7 8
Lateral System Comparison
WK-43ARE STRUCTURAL SEMINAR
© DAVID THADDEUS, AIA, NCARBWind versus Earthquake Forces