Work Tests to Evaluate Performance. Factors That Contribute to Physical Performance.
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Transcript of Work Tests to Evaluate Performance. Factors That Contribute to Physical Performance.
Work Tests to Evaluate Performance
Factors That Contribute to Physical Performance
What the Athlete Gains From Physiological Testing
• Information regarding strengths and weaknesses– Can serve as baseline data to plan training
programs
• Feedback regarding effectiveness of training program
• Understanding about the physiology of exercise
Effective Physiological Testing
• Relevant to the sport
• Valid and reliable
• Sport-specific
• Repeated at regular intervals
• Carefully controlled procedures
• Interpreted to the coach and athlete
Testing of Maximal Aerobic Power
• VO2max testing
– Should be specific to athlete’s sport– Should use large muscle groups– Optimal test length: 10-12 minutes
• Criteria of VO2max
– Respiratory exchange ratio 1.15
– HR in last stage 10 beats•min-1 of HRmax
– Plateau in VO2 with increasing work rate
Determining VO2max
Testing Peak VO2 in Paraplegic Athletes
• Paraplegic athletes can be tested using arm exercise– Arm ergometers– Wheelchair ergometers
• Highest VO2 measured during arm exercise is not considered VO2max
– Called “peak VO2”
Laboratory Tests to Predict Endurance Performance
• Lactate threshold– Exercise intensity at which blood lactic acid begins
to systematically increase– Blood samples taken during incremental exercise
Lactate Threshold
Ventilatory Threshold
• Critical power– Speed at which running speed/time curve
reaches plateau
Critical Power
• Peak running velocity– Highest speed that can be maintained for >5
seconds
Predicting Performance From Peak Running Velocity
Tests to Determine Running Economy
• Measurement of the oxygen cost of running at various speeds– Greater running economy reflected in lower
oxygen cost
• Higher economy means that less energy is expended to maintain a given speed
Running Economy
Running Economy and LT Results From Incremental Exercise Test
Estimating 10,000m Running Time Using LT and Running Economy
• VO2 at LT
– 40 ml•kg-1•min-1
• VO2 of 40 ml•kg-1•min-1
– equals running speed of 205 m•min-1
• Estimated 10,000m running time
10,000m 205 m•min-1 = 48.78 min
Energy System Contribution to Maximal Exercise
Determination of Maximal Anaerobic Power
Ultra short-term tests• Tests ATP-PC system• Examples
– Margaria power test• Stair running
– Jumping power tests
– Running power tests• Series of 40-yard dashes
– Cycling power tests
Short-term tests• Tests anaerobic
glycolysis• Examples
– Cycling tests• Wingate test
– Running tests
– Sport-specific tests
The Margaria Power Test
Series of 40-yard Dashes to Test Anaerobic Power
Evaluation of Muscular Strength
• Isometric measurement– Static force of muscle using tensiometer
• Isotonic measurement– Constant tension– 1 RM lift, handgrip/back-lift dynamometer
• Isokinetic measurement– Variable resistance at constant speed
• Variable resistance devices– Variable resistance over range of motion
Isometric Measurement Using Cable Tensiometer
Isotonic Measurement Using Dynamometry
Isokinetic Measurement of Strength Using Cybex Dynamometer
Printout From Isokinetic Dynamometer