Wood and its derivatives
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Transcript of Wood and its derivatives
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Anna Xumetra Ginesta
2n ESO-E
2013/14
Paco Garòfano
WOOD
AND ITSDERIVATES
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WOODIs a raw vegetable material. It comes from the trunks of trees. It’s compose of:
CAMBIUM
SAPWOOD
HEARTWOOD
PITH
BARK
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Properties of WoodFactors that influence in the properties of the wood:
Type of treeEnvoirementSoilAge of treeComposition fo the wood
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PHISICAL PROPERTIES:HardnessDensityElectrical insulatorThermal insulatorPorosityMechanical resistanceColour and grain
ECOLOGICAL PROPERTIESRenewableBiodegradableRecyclable
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How to process them1.CUTTING AND PRUNING
2. TRANSPORT
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3.REMOVING THE BARK 4.SWAGING
5. DRYING 6.PLANING
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Preparing wood for useAfter the processes we have to protect the wood from attacks from insects, fungus..
CUTTINGWe cut in different ways depending on what we
want to use it for and what we want it to look.
radial
tangential
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WARPINGThese are the ways in which wood can warp:
WASHINGThe wood is put in water for a long time to extract
different fluids.
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Classifying woodWood is classified as hardwoodor softwood, depending on the tree it come fromHARDWOODDeciduous treesGrow slowly and have thick trunksContain little resin Mohogany
Can be of different colors Very heavy and long-lasting
Are compact and resistant
BEECH OAK CHERRY Heavy and easy to work with. Heavy, very hard and Not very heavy Not very resistant to damp resistant
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SOFTWOODConifersGrow quickly and have clear annular ringsThe wood is resinous and light-colouredEasy to work with because is less resistant
PINE WHITE FIR RED FIR WHITE POPLAR Resistant to changes not resistant to bad Light and easy Light, soft andin TºC ,elastic, resinous weather because to work with not very resistantEasy to work with an it’s attacked by fungusresinous
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Wood derivatesPREAFABRICATED WOOD PRODUCTSEasy to work withDiferent size and finishesNot attacked by parasites made from leftovers ofwood: more ecological,cheaper.
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Thin sheets of wood toghether and compressedVery sensitive to humidity and temperatures changes.
Doors, agricultural construction, boats…
Plywood
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Wood chips glued and compressed.Fragile and not easy to deformed.Sometimes can be bend and increase his volume by changes in humidity
Doors, ceiling planels, insulation planels, prefabricated buildings…
Chipboard
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The fibres come frome milling the wood chipsCompact, flexible and easy to work with
Exterior coverings(smooth surface), furniture, cabinets, doors…
Fibreboard
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Made from unused pieces of woodCompact, flexible and easy to work with
Lining for cupboards
Hardboard
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These are the steps we follow to make an object out of wood. We need tools and machines.
1. Mesure2. Mark and draw3. Cut4. Drill5. Carve and level6. Plane and sand7. Join to assemble8. Paint
Equipment, tools and machines
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FinishesTo protect and decorate the wood surface we add a finish.
Opaque finish: use oli, enamels and lacquers.Transparent finish: use varishes, stains and dyes.
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Game!Say how many years have these trees
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Game!Guess the parts of the tree
C_ _ _ _ _ _
S_ _ _ _ _ _
H_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
P_ _ _
B_ _ _
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THANKS;)
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