Do-Now Do-Now Determine which of the following arguments you find most offensive and explain why:►It’s completely unnecessary►It’s a distraction from home-making duties►A threat to the stability of the American way of life►Would make women too masculine►Women are weak, would be easily manipulated by politicians

ObjectiveObjectiveTo identify/analyze some key reformers who contributed to the Women’s suffrage movement.

Wednesday, October Wednesday, October 2222

AgendaAgenda►Do-Now ►Video Clips ►Complete chart on Women’s suffrage

HomeworkHomeworkPrepare for your quiz ► women’s suffrage movement► TR, Taft, Wilson

Current Event Friday►Don’t forget Q & A format!

WOMEN’S WOMEN’S SUFFERAGESUFFERAGE

How much it mattered…How much it mattered…

► Iron-Jawed Angels PreviewIron-Jawed Angels Previewhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StF3_Mj0tBg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StF3_Mj0tBg&feature=related

►Force-feeding sceneForce-feeding scenehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pO70ZjZ0wrwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pO70ZjZ0wrw

►Historians Discuss:Historians Discuss:Suffragette Alice Paul v. President Woodrow Suffragette Alice Paul v. President Woodrow WilsonWilson

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Yn2D1ukQC4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Yn2D1ukQC4

Ballot: Ballot: (1) The piece of paper used to vote. (2) The act of voting.(1) The piece of paper used to vote. (2) The act of voting.

Citizenship:Citizenship: Having the duties, rights, and privileges of being a citizen of a countryHaving the duties, rights, and privileges of being a citizen of a country

Enfranchise:Enfranchise: To give the rights of citizenship to a person or group of people, especially To give the rights of citizenship to a person or group of people, especially

to give that group the right to vote.to give that group the right to vote.Federal:Federal:

Belonging to the central government of a country as opposed to the local Belonging to the central government of a country as opposed to the local government of a city or state. government of a city or state.

Militant:Militant: (1) Fighting or making war. (2) Aggressive or combative.(1) Fighting or making war. (2) Aggressive or combative.

Municipal:Municipal: Belonging to a city or town.Belonging to a city or town.

Petition:Petition: (1) An appeal, especially to a person or group in authority. (2) A written (1) An appeal, especially to a person or group in authority. (2) A written

document formally requesting a right or benefit from an authority or document formally requesting a right or benefit from an authority or government.government.

Picket:Picket: A person or group of people standing outside a building to protest.A person or group of people standing outside a building to protest.

Provincial: Provincial: (1) Relating to a province. (2) Not sophisticated or worldly(1) Relating to a province. (2) Not sophisticated or worldly

Suffrage: Suffrage: (1) The right to vote. (2) The act of voting. (1) The right to vote. (2) The act of voting.

Efforts by Efforts by IndividualsIndividuals

► Alice Paul Alice Paul Learned strategies in Learned strategies in

England; formed England; formed Congressional UnionCongressional Union

► Elizabeth Cady Elizabeth Cady StantonStanton Skilled speaker and Skilled speaker and

writer, National writer, National Women’s Suffrage Women’s Suffrage AssociationAssociation

Efforts by Efforts by IndividualsIndividuals

►Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony Strategist and Strategist and

organizer for the organizer for the National Women’s National Women’s Suffrage AssociationSuffrage Association

►Carrie Chapman CattCarrie Chapman Catt Developed the Developed the

winning plan for winning plan for women’s suffragewomen’s suffrage

Efforts by Efforts by OrganizationsOrganizations► National Women’s National Women’s

Suffrage Suffrage AssociationAssociation Sought a Sought a

Constitutional Constitutional AmendmentAmendment

► American Women American Women Suffrage Suffrage AssociationAssociation sought state by state sought state by state

passage of women’s passage of women’s suffragesuffrage

Efforts by Efforts by OrganizationsOrganizations

► National American National American Women Suffrage Women Suffrage Association Association Worked on state and Worked on state and

federal levels to have federal levels to have women’s suffragewomen’s suffrage

► Congressional Union Congressional Union Aggressive and militant Aggressive and militant

campaignscampaigns

StrategieStrategiess

►Civil DisobedienceCivil Disobedience

►State by state legislationState by state legislation

►Constitutional Amendment Constitutional Amendment Anthony AmendmentAnthony Amendment

The 19The 19thth Amendment Amendment

►28 Little Words is all they fought for28 Little Words is all they fought for►28 little words made it all worth it28 little words made it all worth it

►““The right of citizens of the United The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.”any State on account of sex.”

Show What You Know QuizShow What You Know Quiz

►http://teacher.scholastic.com/http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/suffrage/quiz/index.aspactivities/suffrage/quiz/index.asp

A Timeline of A Timeline of Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage

1776-18661776-1866

17761776Writing to her husband John Adams, who is attending the Writing to her husband John Adams, who is attending the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Abigail Adams asks that he Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Abigail Adams asks that he and the others who were working on the Declaration of and the others who were working on the Declaration of Independence "Remember the Ladies." John responds Independence "Remember the Ladies." John responds humorously, saying the Declaration's wording specifies that "all humorously, saying the Declaration's wording specifies that "all men are created equal."men are created equal."

1820 to 18801820 to 1880Susan B. Anthony is born on February 15, 1820 in Adams, Susan B. Anthony is born on February 15, 1820 in Adams, Massachusetts. A variety of printed sources published during this Massachusetts. A variety of printed sources published during this period--advice manuals, sermons, medical text, poetry and period--advice manuals, sermons, medical text, poetry and literature --reveal that Americans, in general, held highly literature --reveal that Americans, in general, held highly stereotypical notions about women's and men's roles in society. stereotypical notions about women's and men's roles in society. Historians would later call this phenomenon "The Cult of Historians would later call this phenomenon "The Cult of Domesticity." Domesticity."

18481848The first women's rights convention in the United States is held in The first women's rights convention in the United States is held in Seneca Falls, New York. A "Declaration of Sentiments and Seneca Falls, New York. A "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions" is signed by many present, outlining the issues and Resolutions" is signed by many present, outlining the issues and goals for the developing women's movement. Thereafter, goals for the developing women's movement. Thereafter, women's rights meetings are held on a regular basis.women's rights meetings are held on a regular basis.

1851 1851 Sojourner Truth, a former slave, delivers her "Ain't I a Woman?" Sojourner Truth, a former slave, delivers her "Ain't I a Woman?" speech before a rapt audience at a women's rights convention speech before a rapt audience at a women's rights convention in Akron, Ohioin Akron, Ohio

1859 1859 Vulcanization of rubber provides women with reliable condoms Vulcanization of rubber provides women with reliable condoms for the first time in history. The birth rate in the United States for the first time in history. The birth rate in the United States continues its century-long downward spiral. By the late 1900s, continues its century-long downward spiral. By the late 1900s, women will raise an average of only two to three children, in women will raise an average of only two to three children, in contrast to the five or six children they raised at the beginning contrast to the five or six children they raised at the beginning of the centuryof the century

1861 to 1865 1861 to 1865 The American Civil War disrupts suffrage activity as women, The American Civil War disrupts suffrage activity as women, North and South, redirect their energies to "war work." The War North and South, redirect their energies to "war work." The War itself serves as a "training ground," as women gain important itself serves as a "training ground," as women gain important occupational and organizational skills they will later use in occupational and organizational skills they will later use in postbellum organizational activity.postbellum organizational activity.

18661866Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony form the Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony form the American Equal Rights Association, an organization for white American Equal Rights Association, an organization for white and black women and men dedicated to the goal of universal and black women and men dedicated to the goal of universal suffrage. Elizabeth Cady Stanton presents a petition to Congress suffrage. Elizabeth Cady Stanton presents a petition to Congress demanding the vote for women.demanding the vote for women.

1868-18951868-1895

18681868Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony launch the Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony launch the feminist newspaper The Revolution. The Fourteenth feminist newspaper The Revolution. The Fourteenth Amendment is ratified, which extends to all citizens the Amendment is ratified, which extends to all citizens the protections of the Constitution against unjust state laws. This protections of the Constitution against unjust state laws. This Amendment was the first to define "citizens" and "voters" as Amendment was the first to define "citizens" and "voters" as "male.""male."

18691869As a result of disagreements over the Fourteenth and soon-to-As a result of disagreements over the Fourteenth and soon-to-be-passed Fifteenth Amendments, the women's rights be-passed Fifteenth Amendments, the women's rights movement splits into two groups. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and movement splits into two groups. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony form the more radical, New York-based Susan B. Anthony form the more radical, New York-based National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA). Lucy Stone, National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA). Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, and Julia Ward Howe organize the more Henry Blackwell, and Julia Ward Howe organize the more conservative American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), conservative American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), based in Boston. based in Boston.

1872 1872 Susan B. Anthony is arrested in Rochester, New York, for Susan B. Anthony is arrested in Rochester, New York, for attempting to vote. At the same time, Sojourner Truth appears attempting to vote. At the same time, Sojourner Truth appears at a polling booth in Grand Rapids, Michigan, demanding a at a polling booth in Grand Rapids, Michigan, demanding a ballot; she is turned away. ballot; she is turned away.

18741874In Minor v. Happersett, the U.S. Supreme Court affirms that In Minor v. Happersett, the U.S. Supreme Court affirms that states have the jurisdiction to decide whether women are states have the jurisdiction to decide whether women are allowed to vote.allowed to vote.

1878 1878 A Woman Suffrage Amendment is introduced in the United A Woman Suffrage Amendment is introduced in the United States Congress. The wording is unchanged in 1919, when the States Congress. The wording is unchanged in 1919, when the amendment finally passes both houses.amendment finally passes both houses.

1890 1890 The NWSA and the AWSA are reunited as the National The NWSA and the AWSA are reunited as the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) under the American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) under the leadership of Elizabeth Cady Stanton. During this same year, leadership of Elizabeth Cady Stanton. During this same year, Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr found Hull House, a Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr found Hull House, a settlement house project in Chicago's 19th Ward. Within one settlement house project in Chicago's 19th Ward. Within one year, there are more than a hundred settlement houses--year, there are more than a hundred settlement houses--largely operated by women--throughout the United States. The largely operated by women--throughout the United States. The settlement house movement and the Progressive campaign of settlement house movement and the Progressive campaign of which it was a part propelled thousands of college-educated which it was a part propelled thousands of college-educated white women and a number of women of color into lifetime white women and a number of women of color into lifetime careers in social work. It also made women an important voice careers in social work. It also made women an important voice to be reckoned with in American.to be reckoned with in American.

1895 1895 Elizabeth Cady Stanton publishes Elizabeth Cady Stanton publishes The The Woman's BibleWoman's Bible. After its publication, NAWSA . After its publication, NAWSA moves to distance itself from this venerable moves to distance itself from this venerable suffrage pioneer because many conservative suffrage pioneer because many conservative suffragists considered her to be too radical suffragists considered her to be too radical and, thus, potentially damaging to the and, thus, potentially damaging to the suffrage campaign. From this time, Stanton--suffrage campaign. From this time, Stanton--who had resigned as NAWSA president in who had resigned as NAWSA president in 1892--was no longer invited to sit on the 1892--was no longer invited to sit on the stage at NAWSA conventions.stage at NAWSA conventions.

1903-19231903-1923

1903 1903 Mary Dreier, Rheta Childe Dorr, Leonora Mary Dreier, Rheta Childe Dorr, Leonora O'Reilly, and others form the Women's Trade O'Reilly, and others form the Women's Trade Union League of New York, an organization Union League of New York, an organization of middle- and working-class women of middle- and working-class women dedicated to unionization for working women dedicated to unionization for working women and to woman suffrage. This group later and to woman suffrage. This group later became a nucleus of the International became a nucleus of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU).Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU).

19081908National Women's Day is celebrated in the National Women's Day is celebrated in the U.S. for the first time; the celebration goes U.S. for the first time; the celebration goes international in 1910.international in 1910.

1911 1911 The National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage The National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage (NAOWS) is organized. Led by Mrs. Arthur Dodge, its (NAOWS) is organized. Led by Mrs. Arthur Dodge, its members included wealthy, influential women and members included wealthy, influential women and some Catholic clergymen--including Cardinal Gibbons. some Catholic clergymen--including Cardinal Gibbons.

19121912Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party becomes the Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party becomes the first national political party to support suffrage for first national political party to support suffrage for women.women.

1913 1913 Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organize a major suffrage Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organize a major suffrage parade in Washington, D.C. with over 5,000 women parade in Washington, D.C. with over 5,000 women attending. The mistreatment of the marchers by the attending. The mistreatment of the marchers by the crowd and the police led to a great public outcry and crowd and the police led to a great public outcry and the event was a media coup for the suffragists.the event was a media coup for the suffragists.

19161916NAWSA president Carrie Chapman Catt NAWSA president Carrie Chapman Catt unveils her "winning plan" for suffrage unveils her "winning plan" for suffrage victory at a convention in Atlantic City, New victory at a convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey. It involved efforts to gain suffrage in Jersey. It involved efforts to gain suffrage in a state-by-state fashion. Alice Paul splits a state-by-state fashion. Alice Paul splits with NAWSA in disagreement over this with NAWSA in disagreement over this position and founds the National Woman's position and founds the National Woman's Party (NWP) setting out to win a national Party (NWP) setting out to win a national suffrage amendment by targeting Congress suffrage amendment by targeting Congress and the White House with a strategy of and the White House with a strategy of sustained, dramatic, nonviolent protest. sustained, dramatic, nonviolent protest.

19171917National Woman's Party stations daily National Woman's Party stations daily pickets at the White House in civil pickets at the White House in civil disobedience campaign.disobedience campaign.

1918 to 1920 1918 to 1920 The Great War (World War I) intervenes to slow The Great War (World War I) intervenes to slow down the suffrage campaign as some--but not all--down the suffrage campaign as some--but not all--suffragists decide to shelve their suffrage activism suffragists decide to shelve their suffrage activism in favor of "war work." Alice Paul and the NWP in favor of "war work." Alice Paul and the NWP stage daily pickets and many women are arrested stage daily pickets and many women are arrested at the White House.at the White House.

August 26, 1920 August 26, 1920 The Nineteenth Amendment is ratified. Its victory The Nineteenth Amendment is ratified. Its victory accomplished, NAWSA ceases to exist, but its accomplished, NAWSA ceases to exist, but its organization becomes the nucleus of the League of organization becomes the nucleus of the League of Women VoterWomen Voter

1923 1923 The National Woman's Party first proposes the The National Woman's Party first proposes the Equal Rights Amendment to eliminate Equal Rights Amendment to eliminate discrimination on the basis of gender. It has never discrimination on the basis of gender. It has never been ratified.been ratified.