WiBro– A Mobile WiMAX System, and Radio Resource Management Byeong Gi Lee Seoul National...

WiBro– A Mobile WiMAX System,and Radio Resource ManagementWiBro– A Mobile WiMAX System,and Radio Resource Management

Byeong Gi LeeSeoul National University

Sept 22, 2006

Technical Presentation at

George Washington University

Seoul National University, BG Lee, Sept. 2006 2

ICT Snapshot - Services ICT Snapshot - Services

Penetration of high-speed Internet (4Q 2005)

0 20 40 60 80

USADenmarkBelgiumJ apanNetherlandCanadaTaiwanKorea

152M

19M

52M

25M 73%

30%

39%

43%


31%

18%13%6%

7%

25% NokiaMotorolaSamsungSony EricssonLGOthers

ICT Snapshot - DevicesICT Snapshot - Devices

Mobile phone market share (4Q, 2005)


Wireless Internet in Korea 1Wireless Internet in Korea 1

20052001 20082003

Wireless Internet Subscribers

78%

94%

96% 97%

27M

33M

38M 39M

Wireless Internet Subscribers (Source KT)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2001 2003 2005 2006.7Mobile Phone Subscribers Wireless Internet Subscribers


Wireless Internet in Korea 2Wireless Internet in Korea 2

0.5 billion

20052001

6.7 billion USD

3.7 billion

4.6%

19.8%

35.7%

2008

11.6%

2 billion

2003

Wireless Internet Sales (wrt Total Sales)


Part 1. Part 1.

WiBro: A Mobile WiMAX System


What is WiBro?What is WiBro?

Harmonization with Mobile WiMAX Based on Harmonization with Mobile WiMAX Based on IEEE 802.16e StandardIEEE 802.16e Standard

- An OFDMA based Profile of IEEE 802.16e Standard- An OFDMA based Profile of IEEE 802.16e Standard

Vehicle speed (60

km/h, 120 km/h)

Good performance

while on the move

MobilityMobility Compatible with

Internet world

Diverse terminal types

(PC/PMP/PDA/Phones etc)

IPIP

1Mbps per user

Broadband

uploading capability

BroadbandBroadband

WiBro (Wireless + Broadband)


WiBro on the Evolution Paths to 4GWiBro on the Evolution Paths to 4G

802.11a/g

1995 2000

200 Mbps

~ 14.4 kbps

50 Mbps144 kbps

2010+

384 kbps

2005

2G(Digital)

1G(Analog)

2.4 GHzWLAN802.11b

4G4G

PAN

5 GHzWLAN

3G

(IMT2000)Fast

Slow

1Gbps

OFDMA

CDMA

5 GHzWLAN

802.11n

WiBro


WiBro on the Evolution Paths to 4GWiBro on the Evolution Paths to 4G

Harmonization

2000~2002 2003~2004 2005~2006 2008~2010

Cellular Based(3GPP,

3GPP2)

InternetBased(IEEE)

cdma2000 1x

EV-DO

WCDMA

EV-DORev. A

2Mbps/2Mbps

153kbps/2.4Mbps153kbps/307kbps 1.8Mbps/3.1Mbps

2Mbps/14.4Mbps

WCDMA(R6)HSUPA

WCDMA(R5)HSDPA

4G

11Mbps

802.11a/g

54Mbps

802.16a/b/d

75Mbps(Fixed)

WiBro

6Mbps/18.4Mbps

802.16e

11Mbps

802.11b

100Mbps

WiBro-2

30Mbps

EV-DORev. B EV-DO

Rev. C

1.8Mbps/4.9Mbps*3G LTEHSOPA


IEEE 802.16 StandardizationIEEE 802.16 Standardization

IEEE 802.16 (~2001) PHY and MAC standard for fixed wireless users with LOS

(10~66GHz)

IEEE 802.16a (~Apr. 2003) For fixed wireless users with NLOS (2~11GHz) Three PHY structures: SC, OFDM, OFDMA

IEEE 802.16c (~Jan. 2003) System profile for interoperability (10~66GHz)

IEEE 802.16d (Rev approval, June 2004) Consolidated standard of .16, .16a, and .16c

IEEE 802.16e (WG ballot, June 2004) 802.16d-based amendment for mobility


Standards – 802.16 vs. WiBroStandards – 802.16 vs. WiBro

IEEE 802.16 and WiBro

SCSC OFDMOFDM OFDMAOFDMA

MACMAC

Mobility(Handoff & Sleep mode)

Mobility(Handoff & Sleep mode)

802.16 d

802.16 e

Scalable OFDMA, MIMO, LDPC,

WiBroWiBro


WiBro RequirementsWiBro Requirements

Major SystemMajor SystemParametersParameters

Major SystemMajor SystemParametersParameters Radio Access RequirementRadio Access RequirementRadio Access RequirementRadio Access Requirement

TDDTDDTDDTDD Frequency Reuse Frequency Reuse FactorFactor

Frequency Reuse Frequency Reuse FactorFactor

DuplexingDuplexingDuplexingDuplexing1111

OFDMAOFDMAOFDMAOFDMAMultipleMultipleAccessAccess

MultipleMultipleAccessAccess

10 [MHz]10 [MHz]10 [MHz]10 [MHz]ChannelChannel

BWBWChannelChannel

BWBW

MobilityMobilityMobilityMobility≤ ≤ 60 [Km/h]60 [Km/h]≤ ≤ 60 [Km/h]60 [Km/h]

Service CoverageService CoverageService CoverageService Coverage≤≤ 1 [Km]1 [Km]≤≤ 1 [Km]1 [Km]

Spectral Spectral EfficiencyEfficiency

[bps/Hz/cell(sect.)][bps/Hz/cell(sect.)]

Spectral Spectral EfficiencyEfficiency

[bps/Hz/cell(sect.)][bps/Hz/cell(sect.)]Max. DL / UL = 6 / 2Max. DL / UL = 6 / 2

Aver. DL / UL = 2 / 1 Aver. DL / UL = 2 / 1

Max. DL / UL = 6 / 2Max. DL / UL = 6 / 2

Aver. DL / UL = 2 / 1 Aver. DL / UL = 2 / 1

HandoffHandoffHandoffHandoff≤≤ 150 [ms]150 [ms]≤≤ 150 [ms]150 [ms]

ThroughputThroughput(per user)(per user)

ThroughputThroughput(per user)(per user)

Max. DL / UL = 3 / 1 [Mbps]Max. DL / UL = 3 / 1 [Mbps]

Min.DL/UL = 512/128 [Kbps]Min.DL/UL = 512/128 [Kbps]

Max. DL / UL = 3 / 1 [Mbps]Max. DL / UL = 3 / 1 [Mbps]

Min.DL/UL = 512/128 [Kbps]Min.DL/UL = 512/128 [Kbps]


Cellular vs. WiBro vs. WLANCellular vs. WiBro vs. WLAN

WiBro

Cellular(2G, 3G)

AP

AP

APAP

Metro Metro ZoneZone

Hot Hot SpoSpo

tt

Indoor

WLAN

Cellular WiBro WLAN


WiBro Network ArchitectureWiBro Network Architecture NMS : Network Management System CMS : Contents Management System PMS : Product Management System VCC : Voice Call Continuity MSC : Mobile Switching Center IMS : IP Multimedia Subsystem RAS : Radio Access Station ACR : Access Control Router AAA : Authentication, Authorization and Accounting

RAS ACR

Back End Platform

IMSVCC

Trunk Gatew

ay

BTS MSCBSC

AP

CoreRouter

Edge Router

Edge Router

Internet

Gateway

Core Router

Toll

PSTN

CDMA

WiBro

WiFi

Server Farm(Portal, VOD,

etc)

BillingAAA MediationA

Server

PMS CMS


WiBro System by Samsung ElectronicsWiBro System by Samsung Electronics

Access Control Router Radio Access Station


WiBro System FunctionsWiBro System Functions

Core Network Traffic Interface

Packet Forwarding

Packet Classification

Packet Header Suppression

Sessio

n C

on

trol

Mob

ilit

y

Man

ag

em

en

t

Secu

rity

M

an

ag

em

en

t

Con

necti

on

Con

trol

Han

doff

Con

trol

(rela

y)

ARQ

MAC PDU Processing Air

Lin

k

Con

trol

MA

C

Sch

ed

ulin

g

Han

doff

Fu

ncti

on

Physical Layer

User Traffic Plane Signaling Plane

MIP

FA

ACR

RAS


Deployment of WiBro ServicesDeployment of WiBro Services

Trials (’05~’06)

Commercial services (’06) KT, SKT in Korea

Service trial and commercial service TVA in Brasil

Cooperation in progress with various operators and vendors in Mobile WiMax Forum


Commercial WiBro Service by KTCommercial WiBro Service by KT

BunDangArea

22 Radio Access Stations RAS Repeater

Located 20km South of SeoulPopulation: 450,000Area: 70 Km2


WiBro PHY - FeaturesWiBro PHY - Features

High spectral efficiency support TDD

Minimize guard band 10MHz BW/OFDMA

Minimize multi-path interference High modulation order (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) &

enhanced channel coding (convolutional turbo code)

Full coverage support Cellular operation with frequency reuse factor 1

High spectral efficiency & easy cell planning Minimize interference using diversity subchannel Compensate low SINR at cell edge using low rate coding

Fast handover with mobile IP


WiBro PHY – Features (cont’d)WiBro PHY – Features (cont’d)

Performance enhancement considering mobility H-ARQ

FEC and ARQ Band selection AMC & diversity subchannel

For slowly moving users: allocate band selection AMC subchannels which have high channel quality

For fast moving users: allocate diversity subchannels Support mobility

Short OFDM symbol Pilot structure supporting channel estimation while moving

Support fast access during handover Short frame length Non-contention based control channel access


WiBro PHY – Features (cont’d)WiBro PHY – Features (cont’d)

Flexible resource allocation TDD: asymmetric DL / UL allocation Subchannel-level multiuser scheduling

Power saving mechanisms Sleep mode Idle mode

Advanced optional features Smart antenna support Space-time code/Spatial multiplexing support


WiBro PHY – OFDMAWiBro PHY – OFDMA

Basic Concept of OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing : Advanced

FDM Divide into N orthogonal subcarriers Transmit N symbols in N subcarriers respectively Reconstruct N symbols using orthogonality

FDM: Use separated subcarriers (A, C, E) OFDM : Use overlapped orthogonal subcarriers (A,B,C,D,E)


WiBro PHY – OFDMA (cont’d)WiBro PHY – OFDMA (cont’d)

One Big Stream Huge bunch of small streams

Long Symbol Period Robust to multipath fading ( Small guard time overhead) Huge bunch + Orthogonality Robust to narrowband

interference Efficient use of radio

spectrum

Appropriate for Broadband System

1Mbps Stream (Ts : 1us)

10 X 100 Kbps (Ts : 10 us)

1us delayed path signal

Narrowband interference

Strong Candidate for the Next-GenerationWireless Access


WiBro PHY – System ParametersWiBro PHY – System Parameters

Parameter Value

Duplex TDD

Multiple Access OFDMA

System Bandwidth 10 MHz

Sampling frequency 10 MHz

Number of used tones 864 out of 1,024

Number of data tones 768

Number of pilot tones 96

Tone spacing 9.765625 kHz

Signal bandwidth 8.447 MHz

Ratio of cyclic prefix time to basic OFDM symbol time 1/8

Basic OFDMA symbol time 102.4 s

Cyclic prefix time 12.8 s

OFDMA symbol time 115.2 s

TDD frame length 5 ms

Number of symbols in a frame 42


WiBro PHY – Subchannel WiBro PHY – Subchannel

DL-Diversity subchannel (FUSC, full usage) IDcell-based permutation Distributed data subcarriers in a symbol


WiBro MAC – FeaturesWiBro MAC – Features

Flexible BW allocation On frame basis

Flexible QoS provisioning UGS, rtPS, nrtPS, BE

Efficient MAC PDU construction Variable size MAC PDU Fragmentation, packing, concatenation

Support header suppression Energy-saving

Sleep & idle mode Handover

Hard & soft handover Multicast and Broadcast Services Security support


WiBro MAC – Frame StructureWiBro MAC – Frame Structure

Frame structure Management messages (GMH & CRC) DL-MAP, UL-MAP Burst profile Uplink control channel (CQI, ACK, ranging)

GMH

CRC

DL-MAP IE

DL-MAP IE

DL-MAP IE

GMH

CRC

UL-MAP IE

UL-MAP IE

UL-MAP IE

Burst #1

Burst #2

Burst #3

DL-MAP IE UL-MAP IE

DL-MAP UL-MAP

CQICH

ACK CH

CDMARanging

UL Burst #1

UL Burst #2

UL Burst #3

DOWNLINK UPLINK


WiBro Evolution IssuesWiBro Evolution Issues

Scalability 10/20/40MHz TDD, 10/20 MHz FDD

Throughput enhancement MU-MIMO, LDPC

Mobility improvement Up to ~300Km/h

Spectral efficiency increase Up to ~10b/s/Hz/cell

Control overhead minimization Multi-hop relay Backward compatibility


Comparison of WiBro, HSPA, and EVDOComparison of WiBro, HSPA, and EVDO

Parameter1xEVDORev A

EVDO Rev B

(3-carrier)

HSDPA HSPA WiBro(2x2)

Duplex FDD FDD FDD FDD TDD

Occupied spectrum 2.5 MHZ 10 MHz 10 MHz 10 MHz 10 MHz

Channel BWDL 1.25 MHZ 5 MHz 5 MHz 5 MHz

10 MHzUL 1.25 MHZ 5 MHz 5 MHz 5 MHz

Peak data rateDL 3.1 Mbps 14.7 MHz 14 Mbps 14 Mbps 46 Mbps

UL 1.8 Mbps 5.4 MHz 2.0 Mbps 5.8 Mbps 14 Mbps

Spectral efficiencyDL 0.85

bps/HZ0.93 bps/Hz 0.78 bps/Hz 0.78 bps/Hz 1.93 bps/Hz

UL 0.36 bps/Hz

0.28 bps/Hz 0.14 bps/Hz 0.30 bps/Hz 0.88 bps/Hz

Net information throughput per channel/sector

DL 1.06 Mbps 4.65 Mbps 3.91 Mbps 3.91 Mbps 14.1 Mbps

UL 0.45 Mbps 1.38 Mbps 0.70 Mbps 1.50 Mbps 2.19 Mbps


WiBro ServicesWiBro Services

InternetInternet

• Web Service - E-mail, Internet Browsing

• Information On Demand - Personalized Information Service

• M-Commerce

IP TelephonyIP Telephony

EntertainmentsEntertainments

• AOD/MOD, VOD

• Streaming Broadcasting

• 3D/Interactive Game

• Integrated Messaging Service - SMS/MMS, Group Messaging - Instant Messaging/Chatting

• Mobile Blog - Web Blog + Mobile

• Telematics - Traffic Information, Location Search, etc.

PersonalPersonal

• VoIP, Video Telephony

• PTA - PTT (Push to talk- 1:N telephony)

- PTD (Push to Data - Send data during PTT)

- PTV (Push to Video - 1:N Video telephony)

WiBro– A Mobile WiMAX System, and Radio Resource Management Byeong Gi Lee Seoul National...

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