B Y

M . M A N A S S E H A N A N D

C . S . S U P R I Y A

B . E . E E E

S A R A N A T H A N C O L L E G E O F E N G I N E E R I N G

CELL PHONE – THE LIFE SAVER

INTRODUCTION

Convergence of engineering and medical fields

Slight modification in existing cellular system –saves precious lives

Any abnormality in the body changes pulse rate

Automatic detection and transmission through the cellular network

Medical emergencies are met with ease

EXISTING CELLULAR SYSTEM

COMPONENTS OF THE CELLULAR SYSTEM

Mobile Unit

Cell Site

• interface between the MTSO and the mobile units

Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO)

• central co-coordinating element for all Cell sites

WHY PULSE RATE, NOT TEMPERATURE

Normal pulse rate – 60 to 100 beats/min

Physical or mental abnormality affects pulse rate and body temperature

Temperature sensor can be inbuilt in cell phone

Temperature does not vary in certain cases like heart problems

But pulse rate varies invariably in all cases rather than temperature

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUGGESTED SYSYEM

INTERNAL CIRCUITRY

Components used:

Amplifiers

Differential amplifier

Comparator

Vref – Voltage corresponding to normal pulse rate (80 beats/min)

Vuser – Voltage corresponding to the detected pulse rate

Vthres – Output of the differential amplifier corresponding to maximum tolerance variation

DETECTION AND TRANSMISSION

SQUELCH CIRCUIT

Automatically switches ON the cell phone if it is in OFF state

Selection of R1, R2:

Cell phone is switched on

Short circuits the ON/OFF switch of cell phone, connected in parallel

Q1 also conducts

Q2 is biased

Voltage across R2 is high enough

Output of SRT is high

TRI-CIRCLE METHOD

Locates the position of the victim

Two towers and the base station covers the entire cell site

Exact distance can be determined by a single base station

Three transceivers are used to find the direction

ADVANTAGES

Automatic mechanism

Works even when the cell phone is in OFF state

A single cell phone can save thousands of lives an case of a big accident

Reluctance to help due to fear of police investigation is reduced drastically

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

Detecting abnormality in biomedical signals

Corresponding specialist can be sent

Cancers and other threatening problems can be detected in the initial stages

Tri circle can be used for detecting thefts in banks and financial organisations

CONCLUSION

Development in science and technology is tremendous

But human lives are not valued

The suggested system gives automatic medical help to the ones in need of it

REFERENCES

[1] Mobile cellular Telecommunication System - William C. Y. Lee

(Existing Cellular System - An Overall view)

[2] Electronic Communication Modulation and Transmission - Robert J. Schoenbeck

(Squelch Circuit)

[3] Linear Integrated Circuits - Roy Choudry

(Instrumentation Amplifier in Abnormality Detector)

[4] Applied Bio medical Electronics for Technicians - Dean A. Demarre, Philip Kantrowitz, Lawrence Zucker & David Simmons

(Bio potential electrode & Transducers - Definition)

[5] Hutchison Clinical Methods

(Pulse Rate Details)