White Delight Peach Series David Byrne and Natalie Anderson Department of Horticultural Sciences,...
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White Delight Peach Series David Byrne and Natalie Anderson Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133, USA Dr. David H. Byrne [email protected] Natalie Anderson n-anderson @tamu.edu ABSTRACT In the late 1990s, the Prunus Breeding and Genetics Program began to develop a series of low acid white fleshed peach cultivars adapted to the medium chill zone of the southern USA. This work has resulted in 4 new peach cultivars that ripen consecutively from late May to mid July in the medium chill zone of Texas. This is the first series of low acid white- fleshed peaches released for the medium chill zone of the USA. All of these varieties bloom within several days of ‘June Gold’, and have similar sizes and skin blush color but better fruit shape and firmness as compared to ‘June Gold’ (Table 1). These cultivars resulted in crosses done between adapted breeding materials with low acid white peaches/nectarines from California, Japan, and Cultivar Full bloom Ripe date Weight (g) Firm- ness Regal 13 Mar ab 21 May d 105 d 7.0 b WD1 05 Mar e 25 May cd 138 ad 6.8 b June Gold 09 Mar be 01 Jun c 130 ad 6.0 c Scarlet Pearl 16 Mar a 16 Jun b 165 a 7.3 ab WD2 06 Mar e 13 Jun b 141 ad 7.8 a WD3 12 Mar ac 29 Jun a 148 ac 7.1 ab WD4 11 Mar ad 10 Jul a 144 ac 7.7 a Table 1. Bloom time, ripe date, fruit size and firmness of White Delight (WD) peaches in Fairfield, Texas (2006-2011). Parentage of White Delight Peaches Adaptation of White Delight Peaches White Delight 1 - Late May White Delight 2 - Mid June White Delight 3 - Late June White Delight 4 - Early July Full bloom = 60-80% flowers open, Ripe date = date when 20% of the fruit is firm ripe. Rating scale 0 – 9; 0-4 = unacceptable, 5 = marginal, 6 = good, 7 = very good, 8-9 = excellent for commercial use. Mean separation within columns by Duncan’s Multiple Range test at the 5% level. Items with the same letter are not significantly different. No letters within a column indicates no significant differences. WD1=White Delight One, WD2=White Delight Two, WD3=White Delight Three, WD4=White Delight Four WD1 TX2492-1 10-12-27NE Earligra nde FLA5-58 Early Amber Chiyohim e Koyohaku to Saotome Hakuho Robin WD2 TX4D46W TexRoyal NJ239 Early Amber Unknown Summer sweet 23R236 OHenry X Babcock F2 Unknown 44EB108 Redwing x EarlyFlame Unknown WD3 and WD4 TXW1591-1 Tropic Sweet FLA46-95 Merril Prince Unknown Kgold FLA4-65 FLA2-12 Palomar FLA68-50 FLA8B21 Unknown FLA9-6N Zaohong zhu Jingyu Okubo Okitsu A369 7761 A197 Nectared 4 NJ572967 A109 NJN55 RR122-15 Unknown The White Delight peach series bloom within a few days of ‘June Gold’ in the medium chill zone (Table 1). Based on the relative bloom times of standard cultivars, WD1 and WD2 need about 550 chilling units (CU) whereas WD3 and WD4 need about 700 chilling units for proper flowering and fruiting. All four have produced consistently in zones 2 (450-550 CU), 3 and 4 (550-750 CU) of Texas. Of these, only WD2 was tested in zone 5 (350-450 CU) where although it had a more prominent suture, it consistently ripened large crops of high quality low acid white fleshed peaches (Fig 1). All the crosses were between low to medium chill, acid, yellow fleshed peach selections from the TAMU program with high quality low acid, white fleshed genotypes from Japan (‘Chiyohime’), California (‘Summersweet’) and China (‘Zaohongzhu’). These new cultivars were developed using germplasm from multiple programs both in the USA and abroad (see pedigree diagrams). Ripening and Quality of the White Delight Peaches This series consist of 4 cultivars that ripen consecutively with about 2 weeks between the first ripe dates between the cultivars (Table 1). WD1, WD3, and WD4 are clingstone whereas WD2 is a semifreestone white peach. All these have large fruit size (Table 1) and good to excellent flavor when properly managed and thinned. The mean soluble solids for these cultivars when picked mature ranged from 12.0 to 14.2 Brix. All have a creamy white ground color with a red blush over 30% to 80% of the fruit surface depending on the cultivar and environmental conditions. Acknowledgement The contribution of Takashi Haji of the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science at Tsukuba, Japan who supplied the pollen of ‘Chiyohime’ and of Lirong Wang of the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute in Zhengzhou, Henan, China who supplied the ‘Zaohongzhu’ pollen are gratefully acknowledged. These cultivars would not exist without their generous cooperation. Figure 1. Chilling zones in Texas. Terre ll Fairfield College Station Floresville
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Transcript of White Delight Peach Series David Byrne and Natalie Anderson Department of Horticultural Sciences,...
White Delight Peach SeriesDavid Byrne and Natalie Anderson
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133, USA
Dr. David H. [email protected]
Natalie Andersonn-anderson @tamu.edu
ABSTRACTIn the late 1990s, the Prunus Breeding and Genetics Program began to develop a series of low acid white fleshed peach cultivars adapted to the medium chill zone of the southern USA. This work has resulted in 4 new peach cultivars that ripen consecutively from late May to mid July in the medium chill zone of Texas. This is the first series of low acid white-fleshed peaches released for the medium chill zone of the USA. All of these varieties bloom within several days of ‘June Gold’, and have similar sizes and skin blush color but better fruit shape and firmness as compared to ‘June Gold’ (Table 1). These cultivars resulted in crosses done between adapted breeding materials with low acid white peaches/nectarines from California, Japan, and China.
Cultivar Full bloom
Ripe date Weight (g) Firm-ness
Regal 13 Marab 21 Mayd 105d 7.0b
WD1 05 Mare 25 Maycd 138ad 6.8b
June Gold 09 Marbe 01 Junc 130ad 6.0c
Scarlet Pearl 16 Mara 16 Junb 165a 7.3ab
WD2 06 Mare 13 Junb 141ad 7.8a
WD3 12 Marac 29 Juna 148ac 7.1ab
WD4 11 Marad 10 Jula 144ac 7.7a
Table 1. Bloom time, ripe date, fruit size and firmness of White Delight (WD) peaches in Fairfield, Texas (2006-2011).
Parentage of White Delight Peaches
Adaptation of White Delight Peaches
White Delight 1 - Late May
White Delight 2 - Mid June
White Delight 3 - Late June
White Delight 4 - Early July
Full bloom = 60-80% flowers open, Ripe date = date when 20% of the fruit is firm ripe. Rating scale 0 – 9; 0-4 = unacceptable, 5 = marginal, 6 = good, 7 = very good, 8-9 = excellent for commercial use. Mean separation within columns by Duncan’s Multiple Range test at the 5% level. Items with the same letter are not significantly different. No letters within a column indicates no significant differences.WD1=White Delight One, WD2=White Delight Two, WD3=White Delight Three, WD4=White Delight Four
WD1
TX2492-1
10-12-27NE
Earligrande
FLA5-58
Early Amber
Chiyohime
Koyohakuto
Saotome
Hakuho
Robin
WD2
TX4D46W
TexRoyal
NJ239
Early Amber
Unknown
Summer
sweet
23R236
OHenry X
Babcock F2
Unknown
44EB108
Redwing x
EarlyFlame
Unknown
WD3 and WD4
TXW1591-1
Tropic
Sweet
FLA46-95
Merril Prince
Unknown
Kgold
FLA4-65
FLA2-12
Palomar
FLA68-50
FLA8B21
Unknown
FLA9-6N
Zaohong
zhu
Jingyu
Okubo
Okitsu
A369
7761
A197
Nectared 4
NJ572967
A109
NJN55
RR122-15
Unknown
The White Delight peach series bloom within a few days of ‘June Gold’ in the medium chill zone (Table 1). Based on the relative bloom times of standard cultivars, WD1 and WD2 need about 550 chilling units (CU) whereas WD3 and WD4 need about 700 chilling units for proper flowering and fruiting. All four have produced consistently in zones 2 (450-550 CU), 3 and 4 (550-750 CU) of Texas. Of these, only WD2 was tested in zone 5 (350-450 CU) where although it had a more prominent suture, it consistently ripened large crops of high quality low acid white fleshed peaches (Fig 1).
All the crosses were between low to medium chill, acid, yellow fleshed peach selections from the TAMU program with high quality low acid, white fleshed genotypes from Japan (‘Chiyohime’), California (‘Summersweet’) and China (‘Zaohongzhu’). These new cultivars were developed using germplasm from multiple programs both in the USA and abroad (see pedigree diagrams).
Ripening and Quality of the White Delight PeachesThis series consist of 4 cultivars that ripen consecutively with about 2 weeks between the first ripe dates between the cultivars (Table 1). WD1, WD3, and WD4 are clingstone whereas WD2 is a semifreestone white peach. All these have large fruit size (Table 1) and good to excellent flavor when properly managed and thinned. The mean soluble solids for these cultivars when picked mature ranged from 12.0 to 14.2 Brix. All have a creamy white ground color with a red blush over 30% to 80% of the fruit surface depending on the cultivar and environmental conditions.
AcknowledgementThe contribution of Takashi Haji of the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science at Tsukuba, Japan who supplied the pollen of ‘Chiyohime’ and of Lirong Wang of the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute in Zhengzhou, Henan, China who supplied the ‘Zaohongzhu’ pollen are gratefully acknowledged. These cultivars would not exist without their generous cooperation.
Figure 1. Chilling zones in Texas.
Terrell
Fairfield
College Station
Floresville
