what’s the problem with danube delta? · liviu giosan-largest wetland in Europe-2nd largest...
Transcript of what’s the problem with danube delta? · liviu giosan-largest wetland in Europe-2nd largest...
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what’s the problem with danube delta?
liviu giosan
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- largest wetland in Europe
- 2nd largest compact reedbed
in the World
-species: ~300 birds; ~90 fish
Established as Biosphere
Reserve in 1998 – shared by
Romania (~80%) and Ukraine
Black Sea
Populated since Neolithic
Exploited by Greeks, Romans,
Byzantines, Ottomans
what’s important
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what’s important
NIDD, 2005
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the delta - evolution
Giosan et al., 2006
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the delta - morphology
Giosan et al., 2005
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global influences
sea level
climate
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van der Hoeven et al., 2006 Cazenave et al., 2002
sea level (subsidence)
Giosan et al., 2006
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climate - river
Giosan et al., in prep.
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climate - basin
Vespremeanu-Stroe et al., 2007
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regional influences
upstream:
discharge
deforestation
dam
irrigation
pollution
basin:
morphodynamics
salinization
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the river
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Water and Suspended Sediment Discharge
1945-2005, CEATAL IZMAIL
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
1945
1948
1951
1954
1957
1960
1963
1966
1969
1972
1975
1978
1981
1984
1987
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Q (
m3/s
)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
R (k
g/s
)
the river – water and sediment discharge
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the river – dams
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the basin – ecosystems
Humborg al., 1997
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the basin – waves, currents sediment transport
Giosan et al., 2005
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the basin – shelf morphodynamics
Giosan, Constantinescu et al., in prep.
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the basin – river mouth morphodynamics
Giosan et al., 2005
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the basin – river mouth morphodynamics
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Time 1
Time 2
Time 3
the basin – coast morphodynamics
Ashton and Giosan, in prep.
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2003
the basin – coast morphodynamics
Giosan et al., in 2005
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human perspective:
urbanization
agriculture-fishing
tourism
transport
population
property issues
hazards:
inundation
erosion
shoaling (sediment routing across delta)
local
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Chilia
the delta – water and sediment routing
Sulina
St. George
Bondar, 2003
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the delta – fishing
NIDD, 2005
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the delta – water and sediment routing
NIDD, 2005
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the delta – transport
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DD evolved in stable sea level regime –
now sea level rise accelerated
DD evolved in stable? sediment regime –
now sediment less than half
DD evolved in a natural coastal regime –
now engineered
DD escaped heavy development –
now at the horizon
the problems
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indus delta: what do we know?
liviu giosan
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climate
Bookhagen et al., 2006
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evolution (climate, sea level, subsidence)
Giosan et al., in prep.
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largest irrigation system
Inam et al., in press
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salinization, desertification
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the shelf
Giosan et al., 2006
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-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
Profile Number
Sh
orelin
e C
han
ge R
ate
(m
/year)
1855-1954
1978-2000
Advance
Retreat 1
36
115 145
the coast
Giosan et al., 2006
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Thank You !
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