What You Don’t Know About Honeybee Geneticsbeeuntoothers.com/WhereDoBeesComeFromFinal.pdf · The...
Transcript of What You Don’t Know About Honeybee Geneticsbeeuntoothers.com/WhereDoBeesComeFromFinal.pdf · The...
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Where Do Bees Come From?What You Don’t Know About Honeybee Genetics
Dean Stiglitz: Beekeeper, Author, Breeder, Teacher, Honey Peddler
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Girl Bunny Boy Bunny
SpermEgg
Doing It Like Rabbits (Or People)
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Baby Bunny
Girl Bunny Boy Bunny
SpermEgg
Doing It Like Rabbits (Or People)
“Special Hug”
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Caste Of Characters
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Bee Genetics: The Worker
• Workers make up 80% of the colony.
• Workers do all the actual work except for laying eggs and mating with queens.
• Workers generally do not lay eggs.
• Workers Are nutritionally Stunted Queens.
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Bee Genetics: The Drone
• Drones are produced from unfertilized eggs.
• When drones mate, their penis explodes and they die :(
• All of the sperm in a given drone is identical.
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Bee Genetics: The Queen
• Queens and workers are genetically identical.
• Queens are fed a more protein rich diet than workers.
• A queen mates with 8-30 drones in her first few weeks and stores/nourishes sperm up to 5 years.
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Queen
Unfertilized Egg
Sperm
Drone
When Two Queens Come-A Courtin’
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New Queen
QueenQueen
Unfertilized Egg
EggSperm
Drone
When Two Queens Come-A Courtin’
“Fatal Exploding Penis”
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Queen
Queen/Worker Drone
DroneHaploid Clone Of Another Queen
The Next Generation
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This generation of drone is a reflection of the previous generation’s success…not a new experimental combination.
Queen/Worker Drone
The Next Generation
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Queen
Sperm
Drone Drone DroneDrone
Drones Produced By A Queen
Sperm Sperm Sperm
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QueenDrone DroneDrone Drone
WorkersDrones Queens
Drones Mating With A Queen
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Eggs Are Different Too
• Eggs are each different “halves” of the queen’s genes.
QueenEggs
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Eggs Are Different Too
• Eggs are each different “halves” of the queen’s genes.
• There is a limited set of sperm genetics in 8-30 sets of identical sperm.
QueenEggs
DroneSperm
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Queen
WorkersDrones
Queenright
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Queen
Laying Workers
Hopelessly Queenless
Dead
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So What?
• All of this adds up to a variety of genetic traits for the colony to draw upon…more than any two sets of genes could provide.
• Traits that give advantage are propagated, but do not quickly crowd out other (sometimes opposing) traits that have proven useful in the past….”trait hoarding”.
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Where Is Mendel On This?
• Mendel turned his attention to breeding the honeybee…and failed.
– He did not understand haploid genetics.
– “Multiple matings” of a queen was not a “Church Friendly Concept”.