What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor...
-
Upload
ally-carlile -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor...
![Page 1: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life
After the “P” ProjectC. C. Stallings
Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist
![Page 3: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Feed Management!
Ration formulation and feed delivery are key components in feed management; the end result is feeding closer to the animals requirements without aversely affecting production or animal health
C. C. Stallings, 2009
![Page 4: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Phosphorus Excretion in Lactating Dairy Cows (grams/cow/day)
Intake Urine Fecal Total
.34% P 91 .3 46 47
.51% P 138 1.6 86 87
.67% P 180 2.3 119 121Knowlton and Herbein. 2002. Jour. Dairy Sci.
![Page 5: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Phosphorus based nutrient management plans
• P must be considered in the nutrient management plans starting January 1, 2007
• If fields are low in P content NMP’s can still be N based
• If fields above a certain threshold then P based plans are needed
![Page 6: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ration Costs vs Ration P Content
$3.40
$3.42
$3.44
$3.46
$3.48
$3.50
$3.52
P, % of DM
Rat
ion
Co
st,
$/co
w/d
0.45%
0.43%
0.41%
0.39%
0.37%
0.35%
Example Ration: Corn Silage, Haylage, Corn, Cottonseed, SBM, Brewers Grain, DiCal, Ca Carb, Vit, TM
![Page 7: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Effect of ration P content on acres needed to dispose of manure
P based nutrient management plans and 50% corn silage and 50% alfalfa
.35% .40% .45% .50% .55%
Ac/100Cows 107 128 149 170 191
Hanigan and Knowlton, 2006
Proc. Feed Management Cow College
![Page 8: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sources of Phosphorus in Rations
Forages
Grains
Protein Supplements
Byproduct Feeds
Inorganic Mineral Supplements
![Page 9: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Strategies to reduce ration phosphorus content
1. Remove inorganic/supplemental sources
2. Use forages as greater portion of ration dry matter
3. Use low P feeds
![Page 10: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Phosphorus content of foragesNational Research Council, 2001
Alfalfa hay, immature .31% DMAlfalfa hay, mature .28Grass hay, immature .34Grass hay, mature .26Barley silage .30Corn silage .26Rye silage .42Pasture, intensively managed .44
![Page 11: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Phosphorus content of feedsNational Research Council, 2001
Barley .39% DMCorn grain .30Hominy .65Cottonseeds, whole .60Soybeans, whole .60Soybean, meal .70Brewers grains, wet .59Distillers grains .83
![Page 12: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
P content of “high” P feedsNational Research Council, 2001
Corn gluten feed 1.00% DM
Wheat midds 1.02
Cottonseed meal 1.15
Wheat bran 1.18
Fish meal 3.05
![Page 13: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
P content of “low” P feedsNational Research Council, 2001
Citrus pulp .12% DM
Cottonseed hulls .12
Molasses, sugarcane .10
Soybean hulls .17
Sugar beet pulp .09
![Page 14: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Herds – May 2008187 herds and 31,271 cows
• Intensive Group I – 8 started Jan. ‘06• Incentive Group A – 17 started Jan. ‘06• Incentive Group B – 30 started March ‘06• Incentive Group C – 23 started May ‘06• Incentive Group D – 37 started Oct. ‘06• Incentive Group E – 40 started May ’07• Incentive Group R – 32 rolled from above
![Page 15: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Payment
• There will be a two-tier compensation plan based on the 2001 NRC P requirement
-less than 105% results in $12 per cow-105 to 115% results in $6 per cow-115 to 125% results in $3 per cow
• Greater than 125% results in no payment • Maximum payment will be $4,800 for one
year or $9,600 for two years if the farm qualifies for both years
![Page 16: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Results - Year 1 (160 herds)P intake as a % of required
• Less than 105% - 7% of reports ($12/cow)
• 105 to 115% - 23% ($6/cow)
• 115- 125% - 24% ($3/cow)
• Greater than 125% - 46%
![Page 17: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
P, % DM for Years 1 and 257 herds completing both years
0.370
0.380
0.390
0.400
0.410
0.420
0.430
Sampling Period
P,
%D
M
P, %DM
Year 1 Year 2
![Page 18: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Some lessons learned
• Nutritionists and dairymen are not hesitant to remove inorganic sources of P from rations if P requirements are met
• Forages and pastures do not always have low levels of P
• High corn prices appear to have increased the use of high P by-product feeds in 2008
• Ration modification to select low P feeds is not typically done
![Page 19: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Impacts
• There have been 160 herds completing enough samplings to receive a yearly summary
• Over $100,000 of incentive payments has been approved and $118,719 in free forage testing to Virginia dairy farms
• A reduction of P fed of 2.65 lbs. per cow/year or 32.6 tons yearly was calculated for 24,522 cows in these herds
![Page 20: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What is a comprehensive Nutrient Management Plan (CNMP)?
A Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) group of conservation practices which helps make sure that both production and natural resource protection goals are achieved.
![Page 21: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
When is CNMP needed?
NRCS requires a CNMP when they provide incentive payments or cost share money to implement conservation practices.
![Page 22: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Where does Feed Management fit?
Feed Management is a voluntary part of a CNMP.
![Page 23: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What role does the nutritionist play?
A certified nutritionist must write and approve the Feed Management plan.
![Page 24: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
How are nutritionists certified?
A Memorandum of Understanding (MON) exists between the American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists (ARPAS) and NRCS to allow members to be Technical Service Providers (TSP’s) in Feed Management.
![Page 25: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
How are nutritionists certified?
To be certified the nutritionist must have proficiency in developing animal diets for Feed Management as defined by NRCS Code 592 in conjunction with passing the Feed Management qualifying exam.
![Page 26: What is the Future of Feed Management? Or Life After the “P” Project C. C. Stallings Professor and Extension Dairy Scientist.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032701/56649c865503460f9493dc0d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Conclusion
Feed Management will continue to be an effective tool in reducing nutrient output in situations where nutrient loading of soils is a problem