What is happening in bordering West Eurasia regions?

Situation in Middle East and North Africa

G. Yehia, A. Petrini and J. Domenech

OIE

4th West Eurasia Annual Roadmap Meeting

2-4 April 2013, Bakou, Azerbaijan

Stages of FMD Control Progress in

Middle Eastern Countries

Dr Ghazi Yehia

OIE Regional Representation for the Middle East

FMD Situation in the Middle East

Regional Action Plan

Introduction • In the past four decades, it was clear that the spread of foot-and-

mouth disease (FMD) is connected to the evolution of the means of transportation and communication.

• There is no region in the world other than the Middle East that can show the increased introduction of new serotypes of FMD viruses due to the increased trade activities and developed means of transportation.

• The region is still in the center of the international transportation due to its location at the cross-roads of the international shipping routes.

• Instead of leading to reducing the threat of the disease, the classical approaches led to the introduction of new strains and serotypes of FMD virus and some of which are vigorous and more devastating than the traditionally endemic ones (O&A).

Potential Sources of circulation of FMD Strains in the ME Area

FMD situation 2012

Countries 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Jordan

Lebanon

Syria

Iraq

FMD Control Roadmap

• Countries of the Middle East have made practical

progress since 2009 based on: – better awareness of the FMD risks – identifying "new epidemic events" at an

earlier stage and early reporting

• Virus circulation at regional level & large epidemics continue to occur despite control measures and mass vaccination campaigns.

• Gaps in preventive measures, surveillance strategies & limited control of animal movement at border posts.

• There is a need to establish an FMD buffer zone in the Middle East since the region could be considered a ‘mixing vessel’ for introducing FMD viruses from both the Far East and the African countries.

• The amendment of the FMD Chapter in the OIE Terrestrial Code provides provisions for the endorsement of the national FMD control programs.

• This will provide a fast track for the official recognition of FMD freedom.

West Asia Roadmap (GF TADs)

2 sub-groups :

- East of the Mediterranean countries:

(Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria.)

- GCC countries + 1:

( Bahrain, KSA, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, UAE and Yemen).

Guidelines of Actions

A- At a Country Level

- Develop and improve national control plan for FMD.

- Improve capabilities of National Laboratory/ies.

- Actions to reduce risk of animal movement.

- Economic analysis, stakeholders inputs.

- Sharing data on vaccination, serological surveys and FMDV at suitable scale .

- Improved human resources for epidemiology, risk assessment & management .

- Continuous Participation in FMD regional meetings.

B- At the regional level - Collaboration to develop sustainable strategies - International support to promote reviews of national

strategies. - Capacity building for surveillance, control and diagnostic

capabilities

- Collaboration in bilateral border control of animal movement.

WORKPLAN

• Objectives

• Progress within and the way forward to next PCP stage

• Overcome main challenges with the support of international organisations

• Objectives of a 5 years programme

• Major priorities for investment.

Major axes for national investment priorities

• Training

• Virus circulation monitoring: need for diagnostic laboratory strengthening

• Vaccination: vaccination strains (vaccine matching), monitoring and post vaccination evaluation, quality control…

• Control of animal movements

• Wildlife surveys

Regional axes

• Coordination • Regional leading laboratory • Vaccine bank • Control of trans boundary

animal movements

Cost of the national strategy:

• Use of the PVS Gap Analysis (FMD control has to be mentioned in the Government priorities).

• Use of the costing exercise done by WB when preparing the Global FMD Control Strategy

• Advocacy:

• Use of the PVS Evaluation and Follow Up reports…

Follow up

• Harmonised format to prepare national project proposals and to plan future meetings such as the GF TADs Regional Steering Committee meetings and their FMD roundtables, specific Sub Regional meetings and specific country missions when appropriate.

• Several other issues will have to be addressed such as:

Next Sub Regional meeting in 6 months

Support to countries to prepare the project proposals

Support for monitoring of the national programmes implementation and advice/guidance

Discussions between OIE and FAO of the NENA Regional FMD Control programme which has been discussed during the recent Regional Workshop in Cairo.

See specific statements

or other presentations

during the meeting

EUFMD and FAO specific activities

Thank you

FMD in Africa, 2012

*Les frontières entre le Nord-Soudan et le Sud-Soudan n'ont

pas encore été officiellement validées par ces deux pays

FMD in North Africa

Libya

Serotype O In June 2012, 41 outbreaks in cattle and

small ruminants in North-West and

North East (previous outbreaks ended in

February 2011 )

Serotype SAT 2 in February 2012

(first outbreaks in the country in July

2003)

Egypt

Serotype SAT 2 First cases in June 2012: 49 outbreaks

reported in cattle, small ruminants and

buffaloes

FMD Control Strategies in North Africa

Egypt has emphasized its difficulties to adress the problem efficiently: -Lack of funds to by vaccines -No restriction of cattle movements between Governorates

-No identification and registration of animals -Illegal movements of animals from Sudan and Libya

-No effective biosecurity measures

No FMD outbreaks in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia since 1999. OIE official endorsement of their national control programmes (2012). Engaged in a procedure to get official recognition of FMD freedom.

• According to Resolution No. 15 (80th General Session, May 2012) Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia are the first Member Countries with endorsed official control programme for FMD. End 2012 the 3 countries informed the OIE on the progress on the implementation of the control programme, in accordance with the Resolution No. 25 adopted at the 80th General Session.

• CMC-AH mission to Libya (re-emergence of FMD SAT2 in the country, May 2012)

• FMD Regional meeting of the UMA Permanent Veterinary Committee (FMD control strategy in the Maghreb area, Rabat, July 2012)

Activities in North Africa

22 22

Planned activities within the REMESA context and possible EuFMD support will be presented and discussed during the 40th General Assembly of EuFMD (22 April 2013 à Rome).

Activities planned by REMESA

REMESA

Mediterrannean region:

Importance of trade exchanges and other sort of movements of animals, products and people within this region

Climate, geographical, ecosystem… contexts are similar within the region

Many similar diseases are prevalent all over the region

Political integration initiatives:

Processus de Barcelone (1995)

Union pour la Méditerranée

(2008)

2009 : establishment of

REseau MEditerranéen de Santé Animale

• Chiefs Veterinary Officers

• 10 countries

• Joint Cooperation Framework

• It is an animal health network established and managed by the 10 CVOs of the mediterranean region.

• It is not a project. Countries give guidance and support/promote network activities.

• FAO OIE Regional animal health center animates / coordinates discussions, exchanges and activities

• Country contributions are indispensable.

Global Strategy

Two major axes: • Strengthening of the national

capabilities) • Development of the regional coordination

Priorité diseases : FMD, RVF, PPR, HPAI, Rabies, BT, WNF

Initiatives from countries, OIE, FAO, UMA, EU Key words: concertation, information exhanges, co-organisation (including co-financing)

Thank you for

your attention