What is CMV? Possible Solutions · 2014-10-09 · • rites and ceremonials • Self reported by...

Kenneth S. Law@ 2014

Common Method Variance

• What is CMV?• Possible Solutions

1


The problem

The problem of common method variance refers to the presence ofspurious correlation between two variable which is caused by acommon third variable when they are measured by the same method..

2

Kenneth S. Law@2014

An example

Organizational commitment Job satisfaction

Negative(positive) affectivity

I am committed to this organization

Self-report

I am very satisfied with my current job.

The respondent is a critical / judgmental person.

Self-report

3

Kenneth S. Law@2014

An example

Job satisfaction

Self-report

4

Organizational commitment

Kenneth S. Law@2014

Another common third variables

A person with high social desirability is one who has a strong inclination to present himself/herself positively to others.

Oganizational commitment (affective)• I would be happy to spend the rest of my career in this company.

Turnover Intention• I think about leaving all the times.

5

Kenneth S. Law@2014

Illustration

Organizational commitment Job satisfaction

Social Desirabiltiy

I am committed to this organization

Self-report

I am very satisfied with my current job.

Self-report

6

The respondent likes to give a good impression to others.


A Method Factor

Oganizational commitment (affective) Disagree Agree1.我很乐意在此家公司中渡过我余下的生涯。 1 2 3 4 5

2.这家公司所面临的问题就是我自己的问题。 1 2 3 4 5

3.我有很强地属于「这家公司的人」的感觉。 1 2 3 4 5

Turnover Intention7. 我很少想到辞职。 1 2 3 4 5

8. 我不可能在明年另寻新的工作。 1 2 3 4 5

9. 如果能自由选择，我仍然喜欢留在这机构工作。 1 2 3 4 5

7


Possible solutions

1. Trim conceptually overlapping items2. Removal of an underlying general factor 3. Partial out possible common causes4. Include the common cause in the model5. Different methods for different variables6. Different sources for different variables

8


1. Trim overlapping itemsOganizational commitment (affective)1.I am happy to spend the rest of my career in this company.2.这家公司所面临的问题就是我自己的问题。

3.我有很强地属于「这家公司的人」的感觉。

4.我感到「感情上依恋」于这家公司。

5.我在公司中有那种「大家庭的一员」的感觉。

6.对我来说，这家公司有许多个人的意义。

Turnover Intention7. 我常想到辞职。

8. I think I will find another job next year.9. 如果能自由选择，我仍然喜欢留在这机构工作。

9


Removal of an underlying general factor

FactorsVar A B C Da .29 .60 -.06 .02b .32 .81 .12 -.03c .35 .77 .03 .08d .27 .01 .65 -.04e .41 .03 .80 .07f .40 .12 .67 -.05g .33 .19 -.02 .68h .22 .08 -.10 .53i .45 .26 -.13 .47


Job satisfaction

Turnover intention

10


3a. Partial out by using residuals


Turnover intention

11


3b. Partial out by a method factor

Negative affectivity

Items 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

12


Turnover intention


4. Include in the model

Negativeaffectivity

13


Turnover intention


Include in the modelPay satisfaction

.32**

-.06.40**-.04.23*-.07

.46**

Control variablesNegative affectivity

Pay sat with ……Family/close friendsColleagues doing similar jobsPay by competitors (industry)People with similar qualificationsPay of your supervisors

Multiple R

14

Kenneth S. Law@2014

Venn diagram - partialling

Negativeaffectivity

15


Turnover intention


5. Different methods


Organizational culture

• Not reported by employee• rites and ceremonials

• Self reported by employee

16


6. Different sources

reported by HR manager reported by employee

17


Organizational culture


The Theoretical CMV Model

1. Theoretically unrelated2. Smallest of the three

Marker variable

Lindell, M.K. & Whitney, D.J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross‐sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 114‐121.

18


Common Method Variance

Williams, L.J., Hartman, N. & Cavazotte, F. (2010). Method variance and marker variables: A review and comprehennsive CFA marker technique. Organizational Research Methods, 13, 477‐514.

19

Marker variable


The End

20

What is CMV? Possible Solutions · 2014-10-09 · • rites and ceremonials • Self reported by...

Documents

Transcript of What is CMV? Possible Solutions · 2014-10-09 · • rites and ceremonials • Self reported by...