What is apoptosis?? Apoptosis is a morphological term Apoptosis and programmed cell death frequently...
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Transcript of What is apoptosis?? Apoptosis is a morphological term Apoptosis and programmed cell death frequently...
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What is apoptosis??
• Apoptosis is a morphological term
• Apoptosis and programmed cell death frequently are used interchangeably
• Apoptotic death is characterized by:nuclear condensationmembrane blebbingphosphotidylserine flippingDNA degradation into nucleosomal fragmentsnew gene synthesis in some instances
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Normalthymocyte
ApoptoticThymocyte
(induced todie by Dex)
Transmission EM Scanning EM
Morphological features of apoptosis
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Figure 9.18a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Apoptosis Involves Biochemical As Well As Morphological Changes
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Table 9.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Not in all cases
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Figure 9.19 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
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Apoptosis plays a key role in regulating lymphocyte cell numbers
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How do we get rid of corpses??
Why do we get rid of corpses??
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Find me and eat me signal and phagocyte receptors
Lorenz & Ravichandran
LPC = lipid lysophosphatidylcholine
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Lorenz & Ravichandran
Engulfment of apoptotic cells requires cytoskeletal rearrangment
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Induction of Apoptosis – an Overview
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Figure 9.28 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
The Apoptosome
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Caspase family tree**
**There are now at least twelve caspases
Caspases must be cleaved to be activated
Caspases
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Initiator & Effector Caspases
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Induction of Apoptosis – an Overview
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Figure 9.25a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
The Bcl-2 Family – Key Modifiers of Apoptosis
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Bcl-2 family members play an important role inmany life and death decisions
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Figure 9.27c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
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Engineering the Mice
Influence of Cooperation on Survival
Influence of anti-Apoptotic Gene on Outcome of Oncogene Challenge
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Exrinsic and Intrinsic Death Pathways
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Figure 9.31a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
Death Receptors of the Extrinsic Pathway
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Figure 9.33 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
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Figure 9.34 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)