What is a map? Civil Drafting?
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What is a map? What is a map? Civil Drafting? Civil Drafting? A map is any concrete or abstract A map is any concrete or abstract image of the distributions and image of the distributions and features that occur on or near the features that occur on or near the surface of the earth or other surface of the earth or other celestial bodies. celestial bodies. Civil drafting d Civil drafting deals with the design and construction of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
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What is a map? Civil Drafting?. A map is any concrete or abstract image of the distributions and features that occur on or near the surface of the earth or other celestial bodies. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of What is a map? Civil Drafting?
What is a map?What is a map?Civil Drafting?Civil Drafting?
A map is any concrete or abstract A map is any concrete or abstract image of the distributions and features image of the distributions and features that occur on or near the surface of that occur on or near the surface of the earth or other celestial bodies.the earth or other celestial bodies.
Civil drafting dCivil drafting deals with the design and construction of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
Oldest known mapOldest known map discovered in the Nuzi discovered in the Nuzi Ruins in northern Ruins in northern Mesopotamia Mesopotamia 2500 B.C. 2500 B.C.
Why are drawings a better way to Why are drawings a better way to communicate Spatial Data than communicate Spatial Data than
written descriptions?written descriptions? They are dimensional They are dimensional
representations of the whole picture. representations of the whole picture. They show patterns. They show patterns. They record and communicate They record and communicate
information information (Spatial Data) (Spatial Data) about about the environment.the environment.
They show the relationships between They show the relationships between features and changes over time.features and changes over time.
Types of MapsTypes of Maps Mental MapMental Map Thematic MapsThematic Maps Planimetric Maps/Planning MapsPlanimetric Maps/Planning Maps Cadastral MapsCadastral Maps Engineering MapsEngineering Maps Topographic MapsTopographic Maps Geographical MapsGeographical Maps Digital Terrain Model MapsDigital Terrain Model Maps Photogrammetric MapsPhotogrammetric Maps Bathymetric Maps/Nautical ChartsBathymetric Maps/Nautical Charts
Mental MapMental Map
Images that we have Images that we have in our mindsin our minds
In In The Image of the The Image of the CityCity, Kevin Lynch , Kevin Lynch calls this “the calls this “the environmental image, environmental image, the generalized the generalized mental picture of the mental picture of the exterior physical exterior physical world that is held by world that is held by an individual.” an individual.”
Thematic MapsThematic Maps
Used to show Used to show information about a information about a special topicspecial topic
Often use a variety Often use a variety of symbols and or of symbols and or hatch to show the hatch to show the arrangements of arrangements of variables over areasvariables over areas
Planimetric Maps/Planning MapsPlanimetric Maps/Planning Maps
Planimetric maps do Planimetric maps do not show relief not show relief features in features in measurable form.measurable form.
May show voting May show voting districts, school districts, school attendance, attendance, populations, taxing, populations, taxing, land use, Geographic land use, Geographic Information Systems.Information Systems.
Cadastral MapsCadastral Maps
Large-scale maps that Large-scale maps that show features in a city show features in a city or townor town
Includes the location Includes the location of property-ownership of property-ownership lines, along with their lines, along with their bearings and lengths, bearings and lengths, the ownership and the ownership and size of land parcels size of land parcels
Quadrangle maps Quadrangle maps are a type of are a type of cadastral map.cadastral map.
They are used in They are used in the rectangular the rectangular survey system.survey system.
They show the They show the division of land into division of land into grids known as grids known as sections.sections.
Engineering MapsEngineering Maps
Maps used for Maps used for construction construction purposespurposes
Provide information Provide information such as location such as location and dimensions of and dimensions of all structures, all structures, roads, parking roads, parking areas, drainage areas, drainage ways, utilities and ways, utilities and topographytopography
Plats are a type of Plats are a type of engineering mapengineering map
They are detailed They are detailed maps of construction maps of construction projects such as projects such as subdivisions showing subdivisions showing building lotsbuilding lots
They may also be a They may also be a Plot or Site Plan which Plot or Site Plan which are for an individual are for an individual projectproject
Topographic MapsTopographic Maps Show the shape of the Show the shape of the
earth with contour earth with contour lineslines
Contour lines Contour lines represent all the represent all the points on the ground points on the ground at an equal elevation at an equal elevation above sea levelabove sea level
Spacing is determined Spacing is determined by the gradeby the grade
May be include with May be include with construction maps at construction maps at timestimes
Geographical MapsGeographical Maps
Show large areas Show large areas of the earthof the earth
Have a small scaleHave a small scale i.e. maps of i.e. maps of
continents or continents or countriescountries
Must account for Must account for the curvature of the curvature of the earththe earth
Bathymetric Maps/Nautical Bathymetric Maps/Nautical ChartsCharts
Used to aid in Used to aid in water navigationwater navigation
Provide information Provide information such as water such as water depths, clearances depths, clearances of bridges and of bridges and cables, navigation cables, navigation lanes, lighthouses, lanes, lighthouses, beacons, and beacons, and buoysbuoys
Photogrammetric MapsPhotogrammetric Maps Use aerial Use aerial
photographsphotographs Most widely Most widely
usedused Information Information
can be can be gathered from gathered from color color differentiationdifferentiation
Accurate at the Accurate at the time photo was time photo was takentaken
Aerial Photograph MapAerial Photograph Map
Digital Terrain Model Maps (DTM)Digital Terrain Model Maps (DTM)
3-dimensional map 3-dimensional map of land featuresof land features
Can be created Can be created using data from using data from remote sensing remote sensing equipmentequipment
Contour MapContour Map
What are contour maps used for?What are contour maps used for? Contour maps show elevation.Contour maps show elevation. Types of contour lines.Types of contour lines. Existing elevation.Existing elevation. New elevation.New elevation. Major contour.Major contour. Minor contour.Minor contour.
Raster to Vector Conversion in Raster to Vector Conversion in AutoCAD (tracing)AutoCAD (tracing)
What is a Raster Image (pixels)What is a Raster Image (pixels)
What is a Vector (geometry)What is a Vector (geometry)
Bringing an Image Into AutoCADBringing an Image Into AutoCAD
Attach Attach Path TypePath Type ScaleScale Insertion Insertion
PointPoint
Raster to Vector Conversion in Raster to Vector Conversion in AutoCAD (tracing)AutoCAD (tracing)
Attach imageAttach image Scale imageScale image Trace image using pline (lines & Trace image using pline (lines &
arcs)arcs) Clean up the drawingClean up the drawing
