What do wood, a marshmallow and gasoline all have in common?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

C6H1206 + 6O2 6H20 + 6 C02 + ATP

36-38 ATP for one glucose- CR: 39 % efficient - Car: 25% efficient

How do we get energy from other foods?

Ultimate Source

Energy Molecules

ATP- Adenosine Triphosphate( ENERGY CURRENCY)

- High Potential Energy

ADP- Adenosine Diphosphate

Energy Cycle

Energy Cycle

• Online Activity 7.2 and 7.3

• Homework Read and Take Notes on – 7.2 ( Food Stores Chemical Energy) – 7.3 ( ATP Provided energy for cellular work)

Exergonic Reactions

• Release energy • Spontaneous

• Generate energy

Endergonic Reactions

• Input of energy

Check Yourself

• Are Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration exergonic or endergonic reactions?

Energy • Potential energy

– energy of position, stored energy

• Kinetic energy – energy of motion

Sugars• Chemical Energy =• Potential Energy

Entropy

2nd Law of Thermodynamics Entropy

Cards Entropy Game • Cells are highly organized like the tower we built.

• According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, disorder (entropy) is always on the increase.

(easy to break) • It takes work maintain order.

• Cells need energy: to maintain their order

to repair themselvesto growto reproduce

Energy MoleculesRedox Reactions- Reduction/Oxidation reactions

LEO- Lose Electrons Oxidized GER- Gain Electrons Reduced

Energy Molecules C6H1206 + 6O2 6H20 + 6 C02 + ATP

Glucose gets oxidized to CO2

LEO- lose electrons ( or Hydrogens)

Oxygen gets reduced to H20GER- gains electrons ( or Hydrogens)

H+ and 1 electron (e-)

Exergonic Reaction

Check yourself!CH4 + 02 C02 + 2H20

Where does the fire (heat and light energy) come from?

Energy Molecules NAD+ and FAD

– NAD+ is reduced NADH • accepts 2 electrons and a H• (high energy electrons)

– FAD is reduced FADH • accepts 2 electrons and 2 Hydrogen

What happens to the thing NAD+ and FAD takes the electrons from?

Gets oxidized parts of the broken down Glucose

II. Equation Overview

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATPWaterOxygen Carbon

DioxideEnergyGlucose

III. Stages of Aerobic Respiration

1) Glycolysis [cytoplasm] sugar is split in halves called pyruvate

makes 2 ATP and 2 NADH2) a. Transition to Kreb: makes 2 NADH

b. Krebs Cycle / Citric Acid Cycle [in mito] breaks down pyruvic acid into CO2

makes 2 ATP3) Electron Transport Chain [membranes of

mitochondria] H+ ions combine with oxygen, making ATP and water

makes 32-34 ATP

Glycolysis Overview

– What goes in?

– What comes out?

– Two Parts:• Investment Phase• Return Phase

Transition to Kreb Cycle

Transition to Krebs Cycle

What Goes In:

What Comes Out:

Kreb Cycle

What Goes In: What Comes Out:

Electron Transport Chain• Electrons flow from protein complex to protein complex until they

reach the final electron acceptor which is ____________.• This powers the movement of _________________ across membrane

• Therefore creating a _____________________

• This build up allows for the flow of those ____________ molecules back across the membrane to the matrix through the _____________

• _________________.• This is what drives the phosphorylation of the ADP

This process is called Oxidative Phosphorylation

What happens to the oxygen? What happens to the NAD and FAD? What happens to the ATP?

• Substrate Level-

• Oxidative Phosphorylation-

Substrate Level Phosphorylation vs Oxidative Phosphorylation

C. Typesi. Aerobic Respiration

ii. Anaerobic Respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation