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West Virginia Achieves Professional Development Series Volume XII Standards-Based Lessons and Unit...
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Transcript of West Virginia Achieves Professional Development Series Volume XII Standards-Based Lessons and Unit...
West Virginia Achieves Professional Development
Series
Volume XIIVolume XII
Standards-Based Lessons and Standards-Based Lessons and Unit DesignsUnit Designs
West Virginia Department of Education Mission
The West Virginia Department of Education, in conjunction with the Regional Education Service Agencies and the Office of Performance Audits, will create systemic conditions, processes and structures within the West Virginia public school system that result in (1) all students achieving mastery and beyond and (2) closing the achievement gap among sub-groups of the student population.
Robert HutchinsThe Conflict in Education in a Democratic Society
“Perhaps the greatest idea that America has given the world is education for all. The world is entitled to know whether this idea means that everybody can be educated or simply that everyone must go to school.”
What We Know…
An emerging body of research identifies characteristics of high performing school systems.
These school systems have made significant progress in bringing all students to mastery and in closing the achievement gap.
These systems share characteristics described in The West Virginia Framework for High Performing Schools.
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CULTURE OF COMMON BELIEFS & VALUES
Dedicated to “Learning for ALL…Whatever It Takes”
HIGH PERFORMING SCHOOL SYSTEM
SYSTEMIC CONTINUOUS
IMPROVEMENT PROCESS
CU
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What’s Different About Standards-Based Instruction?1. Shared responsibility among district,
school and teachers2. Approach focus is on using content
standards to…
• determine curricular priorities and “big ideas”— the standards
• determine methods of student assessments that provide evidence of learning
• design lessons that stem from the standards and student assessments
ActivityWhat’s wrong with this picture?
Coverage teaching
getting through the textbook
Activity-oriented teaching
with no how or why
The content is either too big or too small.
What is Understanding By Design?
A unit/lesson design process• Created by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe• Referred to as “backward design”
Is Understanding by Design really a better way?
Two key components of UbD area focus on
• depth of understanding
• evidence that students have attained understanding
Jay McTighe’s Basic Beliefs
• Facts don’t transfer; concepts do.
• Big ideas provide the conceptual velcro of instruction.
• Assessments should promote learning, not just measure it.
• Assess what is valued, not just what is easiest to do.
Just what is “understanding”?
• How do you know when you’ve “got it”?• How do you know when your students
have “got it”?
What key words have you used to define understanding?
Six Facets: The Foundation of Understanding by Design
How do we know when we
understand ?
Explanation
The how, what, where and why you do what you do …supported by theory
What might happen if …?How might we prove …?
Make meaning of text and events, use patterns to develop meaning or significance
What are the implications of …?
Why does this matter?
Interpret
Application
Solve a problem … use old information in a new situation to accomplish a purpose
How could we use … to overcome …?
How and when can we use this knowledge or process?
Perspective
To seek understanding from insightful points of view using a variety of vantage points
What could be a different point of
view about …?
What are other possible
reactions to …?
Empathy
Make sense of unfamiliar information by getting inside another person’s feelings and views
How might … feel about …? What would it be like to walk in …’s shoes?
Self-knowledge
Wisdom to know the limits of one’s knowledge
What are my “blind spots” about …?
How are my views shaped by experiences
habits and prejudices?
How doesUnderstanding by Design
work?
3 Stages of UbD Stage I
identify desired results
Stage IIdetermine acceptable evidence
Stage III plan learning experiences
Design Tip
The order of the process is
everything.
Stage I – Desired Results
Decide what knowledge and skills for each standard look like at the end of instruction.
Stage II – Assessment Evidence
Develop assessments that will measure the desired results from Stage I.
Stage III – Learning Plan
Sequence instruction from the end of the unit to the beginning.
Design instructional activities that will ensure student performance is at mastery and above.
Did that just sound like CSO terminology?
Absolutely!
Understanding by Design and the West Virginia Content Standards, Objectives and Performance Descriptors work exceptionally well together.
A Closer Look at Stage I—Desired Results• The Content Standards are “big ideas”. They are
essential to the curriculum. • There are other “big ideas,” too.• The “big ideas” are the basis for Stage I—
Desired Results• Let’s look at the next slide to help you
decide what is a “big idea.”
UbD Clarifying Content Priorities
Worth being familiar with (e.g. nice to know if time permits)
Important to know and do (e.g. objectives, skills)
Enduring understandings(e.g. standards)
What are “enduring understandings?”
• What do you want the students to take with them when they leave your class?
• What are the knowledge and skills you want them to have?
Write this as a statement, and it is an “enduring understanding.”
What are “essential questions?”
Essential questions are thought-provoking questions that cause students to think about the “desired result” or “big idea”.
Rarely will essential questions be answered with a “yes” or “no”.
Stage I Checklist
Is it a big idea?Does it reside at the heart of the discipline?Does it require uncoverage?Does it have the potential for engaging
students?
All of the above can lead you to determine the Desired Results
for student learning
This is a good time for an example
We’re going to look at the Standard and Objectives for this part.
We are just going to concentrate on figuring out the “big idea.”
We are going to relate this in terms of what we want students to know and be able to do.
What’s next?
Stage II requires us to figure out what type of student assessments to use.
What types of assessments, both formal and informal, will give us the evidence that the students understand?
What helps you do this part of the task?
What is meant by formal and informal?
Let’s talk about formal and informal assessments
Formal Assessments—usually standardized, timed, may be norm-referenced or criterion-referenced test– WESTEST– President’s Physical Fitness Test– NAEP– West Virginia Writing Assessment– Woodcock-Johnson Reading Inventory
Let’s talk about formal and informal assessments
Informal Assessments—ongoing check for understanding, teacher-made, varied and designed to meet individual student needs
– Paper-pencil tests– Portfolios– Daily grades– Student performances and products
What Kind of Assessments Do We Want?
• Provides variety• Provides ongoing assessment• Provides a snapshot• Creates an album• Provides choices along a continuum
Where do I go to find help with determining the “acceptable evidence”?
You go back to the CSOs.
Only this time, look to the Performance Descriptors.
Remember, to focus on Mastery and Above.
Assessment Evidence TipsYou want to evaluate…….
• What is important?
• What is the alignment to the desired results?
• What is relevant and valid – not what is easiest to grade?
• What manner are the needed answers given?
• What format variety is available that will enable the creation of a photo album?
Stage III—Write the Learning Plan
1. Align the activities to the assessments and desired results.
2. Sequence the plan in a logical fashion.
3. Revise as needed.
4. Structure as Not totally linear.
Let’s review theUnderstanding by Design
planning process.
Design Tip
The order of the process is everything.
Stages
I. Desired Results—What do you want the students to learn for the “long haul”?
II. Assessment Evidence—How will you know that they have “got it”?
III. Learning Plan—What types of instruction, learning experiences and student activities will you use?
Standard Template
Let’s move on to what is referred to as the Standard Template.
Do you see the three stages?
What has happened within the three stages?
Stage I—Desired ResultsSub-sections• Established Goals• Understandings• Essential questions• Students will know …..• Students will be able to do……
Stage II—Assessment Evidence
• Performance Tasks
• Key Criteria
• Other Evidence
Stage III—Learning Plan
• Multiple formats and media
• Opportunities to rehearse, revise and refine
• Inclusion of activities that meet students’ different needs and interests
Don’t Get Nervous!I know what you’re thinking…• “I cannot possibly do a plan like this
everyday for every subject.”
• Remember the slide about the order of the process?
• Where do we go from here?
To Learn More About UbD….Consider the following resources:• Understanding by Design by Grant Wiggins and Jay
McTighe; ISBN 0-87120-313-8• Understanding by Design Study Guide by Grant
Wiggins and Jay McTighe; ISBN0-87120-386-3• Understanding by Design Professional Development
Workbook by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe; ISBN 0-87120-855-5
All are available from www.ascd.org