WELCOMEWinter maybe

Reformation & Counter Reformation

Johann Gutenberg invented a “printing press” – or, the technique of printing from movable blocks of type letters.

•Gutenberg was a 15th-century German craftsman, inventor, and printer. •Copying now became mechanized and much faster. •The invention of movable-type printing helped spread the ideas of the Renaissance.

PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School

PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School

Renaissance Ideas Spread to Northern Europe; Text, p. 427; Packet p. 18

The Gutenberg Bible – one of only 5 existing copies, purchased by the University of Texas

Harry Ransom Center museum in 1978.

It is said that other great

historical events such as the Protestant

Reformation of the 1500s, the

Scientific Age of Enlightenment of

the 1600s, and the French

Revolution in the 1700s would

likely have not been such

transforming forces had it not

been for the invention of the printing press.

Explain why historians would

make such an assertion.

Printing Press ExerciseWe are going to experience what it was like to

be a human printing press. You will copy something that I copied the best you can.

When I say BREAK, you must raise your pencil/pen in the air and hold it there until I say CONTINUE – this represents dipping your pen in ink.

Copy the manuscript the best you can, as accurately as you can.

First person done who follows the rules will receive a prize.

Cultural RevolutionThe Renaissance “Rebirth” had swept across

Europe changing views and belief systems.

Things that helped spread the Reformation:Gutenberg’s Printing PressIncreased Trade & MoneyNew Technology for Boats, further sailing

HumanismHumanism, people stopped focusing in on

church matters and started focusing in on human potential and secular (Non-religious) issues.

Martin Luther - ReformationA Catholic Monk/ProfessorWrote the 95 Theses – complaints

against the Catholic Church and indulgences.

BelievedIndividuals attain salvation for

themselvesThe Bible is the Ultimate Truth, no

the ChurchAll people were Equal in faith

Teachings led to the Protestant Reformation

Catholicism v. LutheranismCatholicismSalvation is achieved

through faith and good works

Lead by the PopeBible is one source of

truth; Church tradition is another

Priests interpret the Bible and Church teachings for the people.

LutheranismSalvation is achieved

through faith

Lead by Elected Councils

Bible alone is source of truth.

People read and interpret Bible for themselves

Lutheranism v. CalvinismLutheranismSalvation is achieved

through faith

Lead by Elected Councils

Bible alone is source of truth.

People read and interpret Bible for themselves

CalvinismGod alone

predetermines who will be saved

Lead by Council of elders

Bible alone is source of truth

People read and interpret the Bible for themselves.

Henry the 8th - StoryChurch:

Leader:

Reason for creation:

Counter ReformationAfter the Reformation, the

Catholic church identified and addressed it’s faults.

This is known as the Counter-Reformation.

Council of Trent – Meeting of the Catholic Church to reform Catholicism in order to fight against growing Protestantism.

Persecuting JewsEarly Renaissance was a time of prosperity for

Jews.Later on pressure grew and some places, such as

Venice, ordered Jews to live in a separate quarter of the city called the ghetto.

During the Reformation pressure grew for Jews to convert to Christianity.

Luther ordered all Jews expelled from Christian lands and their synagogues burned to the ground.

Many Jews migrated to the Mediterranean parts of the Ottoman Empire and the Netherlands.

Book, Page 61-65, Answer:

1) Why did the sale of indulgences become a critical issue during the Renaissance but not during the Middle Ages?

2) How did Luther’s ideas differ from those expressed by the Catholic Church?

3) Who did Luther support in the Peasants’ Revolt? Why did he do this?

Evaluate the causes of the Reformation and describe its effects on the Catholic Church.

(Discuss the causes of the Reformation and evaluate their quality, worth, or significance in terms of causing the Reformation. Describe the effects of the Reformation on the Catholic Church.)

(500 words)

Exit Slip1) What does Renaissance mean?2) What did Martin Luther Believe about

Christianity?3) Describe what happened during the Counter

Reformation?4) Why was the printing press important?