Welcome to Physics--Jump in!

Chapter 1

Objectives

• Identify activities and fields that involve the major areas within physics.

• Describe the processes of the scientific method.

• Describe the role of models and diagrams in physics.

Section 1 What Is Physics?

What is

If it is living it is biology.If it is chemicals it is chemistryIf it is rocks it is geology

Physics is everything else and can be applied to biology, chemistry and geology, so…..

Physics is the study of just about everything!

Okay, you want a proper definition:

Physics is the study of the interactions between matter and energy.

Topics Covered:MechanicsElectricityMagnetismWavesPhysical OpticsThermodynamicsModern Physics

Chapter 1

Physics

• The goal of physics is to use a small number of basic concepts, equations, and assumptions to describe the physical world.

• These physics principles can then be used to make predictions about a broad range of phenomena.

• Physics discoveries often turn out to have unexpected practical applications, and advances in technology can in turn lead to new physics discoveries.

Section 1 What Is Physics?

Chapter 1

Physics and Technology

Section 1 What Is Physics?

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Mechanics:The study of motion

KinematicsThe mathematical description of motion

1-D and 2-D motion

DynamicsThe study of the forces that cause motion

Newton’s LawsEnergyMomentumFluids

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ElectricityThe study of electric charge and the effects they cause.

ElectrostaticsStudy of the effect of charges collected and held in one place

Electric CurrentThe study of the effects caused by moving charge

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MagnetismThe study of the magnetic forces created by moving charge

WavesStudy of vibrational motion

Simple Harmonic MotionSound WavesElectromagnetic waves

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Physical OpticsThe study of:

ReflectionRefractionLensesMirrors

ThermodynamicsStudy ofHeat transferTemperature changeIdeal Gas LawsLaws of Thermodynamics

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Modern PhysicsStudy of the weird stuff

Wave Particle DualityPhotonsThe AtomNuclear PhysicsRadioactive decay

Chapter 1

The Scientific Method

• There is no single procedure that scientists follow in their work. However, there are certain steps common to all good scientific investigations.

• These steps are called the scientific method.

Section 1 What Is Physics?

Chapter 1

Models

• Physics uses models that describe phenomena.

• A model is a pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept.

• A set of particles or interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study is called a system.

Section 1 What Is Physics?

The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method

• Observe an unknown & ask A Question• Form Hypothesis (An educated prediction)• Experiment & Test Hypothesis• Collect Data• Analyze Results• Draw Conclusions & Communicate Results

*Remember the acronyms:

OHEDAC or OHEDACC

** Key: Be a good observer.

observation inference

involves a judgmentor assumption

uses the fivesenses

Types of Data

Observations are also called data.

qualitative data quantitative data

clear liquid --

-- e.g., e.g.,

descriptions

measurements 55 L or 83oC

Parts of the Scientific Method

Observe & Identify an unknown (Ask a question).

Make a hypothesis: a testable prediction

Repeatedly experiment to test

hypothesis.

procedure: order of events in

experiment

variable: any factor that couldinfluence the result

(i.e., a recipe)

A ScientificExperiment

conclusion: must be based on the data

Experiments must be controlled:

they must have at least two set-ups

that differ by only one variable

Scientific Law vs. Scientific Theory

law:

Theory of Gravity,

Atomic Theory

states what happens

tries to explain why or

how something happens

-- e.g.,

does not change

law of gravity,laws of

conservation

never violated

-- --

theory:

-- e.g., -- based on current evidence

RecapWhat is Physics?What is Physics?

– The study of natural phenomena The study of natural phenomena of basic things such as motion, forces, energy, matter, heat, sound, light, and the composition of atoms

2. What branches of science use physics?2. What branches of science use physics?– All branches!All branches!

3. What are the steps in the Scientific Method?3. What are the steps in the Scientific Method?*Remember OHEDAC*Remember OHEDAC

– Observe an unknown & ask A QuestionObserve an unknown & ask A Question– Form Hypothesis (An educated prediction)Form Hypothesis (An educated prediction)– Experiment & Test HypothesisExperiment & Test Hypothesis– Collect DataCollect Data– Analyze ResultsAnalyze Results– Draw Conclusions & Communicate ResultsDraw Conclusions & Communicate Results

4. What is the difference between a law vs. theory?4. What is the difference between a law vs. theory?– Law: States what happens Law: States what happens – Theory: Tries to explain why or how something happens Theory: Tries to explain why or how something happens

Now what do you think?

What are some topics you expect to study this year in physics?

How do scientists discover the laws of physics?

Do the laws of physics ever change?

Find a picture that you think is cool. Bring it in for a group activity tomorrow.

http://blogs.suntimes.com/cornerkicks/2009/04/

In your group examine your pictures.

Identify the areas of Physics illustrated in your pictures-each picture may have more than one area in it.

Present and discuss with the class the areas of Physics your group has identified in the pictures.