Digital TextbooksDigital Textbooks

Gary AllenGary Allen

EDUC 8841EDUC 8841

NeedNeed

The digital textbook The digital textbook is an innovation that is an innovation that is being developed at is being developed at the right time when the right time when society is looking for society is looking for cheaper and better cheaper and better ways to educate.ways to educate.

Laptop Developed Laptop Developed 1984 1984

Ereader developed in Ereader developed in 2007and the interest 2007and the interest buildsbuilds

ResearchResearch

Butler, D.. (2009). The textbook of the Butler, D.. (2009). The textbook of the future. future. Nature,Nature, 458458(7238), 568-70. Retrieved (7238), 568-70. Retrieved September 14, 2010, from ProQuest Central. September 14, 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document ID: 1678583681)(Document ID: 1678583681)

Crestani, F., Landoni, M., & Melucci, M.. (2006). Crestani, F., Landoni, M., & Melucci, M.. (2006). Appearance and functionality of electronic Appearance and functionality of electronic books. books. International Journal on Digital International Journal on Digital Libraries,Libraries, 66(2), 192-209. Retrieved September 19, (2), 192-209. Retrieved September 19, 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document ID: 2082714661).ID: 2082714661).

DevelopmentDevelopment The technology is being The technology is being

developed at the same time when developed at the same time when the e-reader platform is being the e-reader platform is being advanced which appears to be a advanced which appears to be a good match for the software as good match for the software as color screens emerge (Bradley, color screens emerge (Bradley, 2009). 2009).

The technology is receiving a The technology is receiving a great deal of attention in the great deal of attention in the educational field where the educational field where the diffusion of the technology is diffusion of the technology is likely to occur.likely to occur.

2010 the industry waits for 2010 the industry waits for cheaper better hardwarecheaper better hardware

CommercializationCommercialization

The digital textbook has the The digital textbook has the advantage of interactive advantage of interactive instruction, animated graphics, instruction, animated graphics, immediate feedback practice immediate feedback practice questions and rapid links to questions and rapid links to vocabulary definitions.vocabulary definitions.

Consequently, digital textbooks Consequently, digital textbooks likely will represent an improved likely will represent an improved educational delivery method than educational delivery method than traditional textbooks. traditional textbooks.

2010 Recession fuels search for 2010 Recession fuels search for cheaper educational textbookscheaper educational textbooks

TimelineTimeline

Laptop Developed 1984Laptop Developed 1984 2004 the first e-reader developed2004 the first e-reader developed 2007 Amazon introduces the Kindle2007 Amazon introduces the Kindle 2010 The industry waits for better hardware.2010 The industry waits for better hardware. http://www.naa.org/Resources/Articles/Digital-Media-Moving-To-Mobile-eReader/Digital-Media-Moving-To-Mobile-eReader.aspxhttp://www.naa.org/Resources/Articles/Digital-Media-Moving-To-Mobile-eReader/Digital-Media-Moving-To-Mobile-eReader.aspx

Stage 1- KnowledgeStage 1- Knowledge

Current PracticeCurrent Practice– The paper and print textbook has been the The paper and print textbook has been the

industry norm since the inception of formal industry norm since the inception of formal education.education.

– The paper and print textbook are becoming The paper and print textbook are becoming increasingly expensive.increasingly expensive.

– Textbook revisions cause repurchase.Textbook revisions cause repurchase.

Stage 1- KnowledgeStage 1- Knowledge

InnovationsInnovations– The Digital Textbook is a logical extension of The Digital Textbook is a logical extension of

the continuation of technological advancements the continuation of technological advancements in education.in education.

– Current educational research indicates that Current educational research indicates that interactive educational material may enhance interactive educational material may enhance student learning over paper and print textbooks.student learning over paper and print textbooks.

Stage 2- PersuasionStage 2- Persuasion

SocioeconomicSocioeconomic– Computerized learning resources have become Computerized learning resources have become

common place in society and will not inhibit common place in society and will not inhibit digital textbook’s acceptance.digital textbook’s acceptance.

PersonalityPersonality– The digital textbook will be interactive and The digital textbook will be interactive and

provide a more engaging and fun way of provide a more engaging and fun way of learning.learning.

Stage 2- PersuasionStage 2- Persuasion

CommunicationCommunication– Information will be passed through the educational Information will be passed through the educational

community by direct sales, educational conventions and community by direct sales, educational conventions and government agencies.government agencies.

TestabilityTestability– The digital textbook is currently undergoing testing by a The digital textbook is currently undergoing testing by a

number of educational institutions. The technology is number of educational institutions. The technology is available for studies in your local school district upon available for studies in your local school district upon request.request.

ObservationsObservations– The digital textbook is readily available on a number of The digital textbook is readily available on a number of

computer hardware platforms.computer hardware platforms.

Stage 3 - DecisionStage 3 - Decision

AdvantageAdvantage– The digital textbook is less costly.The digital textbook is less costly.

– Digital textbooks can be updated easily.Digital textbooks can be updated easily.

– Digital textbooks will be more enjoyable for the student.Digital textbooks will be more enjoyable for the student.

CompatibilityCompatibility– Currently being developed to run on portable interactive Currently being developed to run on portable interactive

platforms.platforms.

ComplexityComplexity– The software is easy to use.The software is easy to use.

Stage 4 - ImplementationStage 4 - Implementation

AdoptionAdoption– Decision makers within school districts have the Decision makers within school districts have the

power to implement the technology.power to implement the technology.– Decision will be based on costs and Decision will be based on costs and

effectiveness of student learning.effectiveness of student learning.

RejectionRejection– Rejection could occur if a sufficiently cost-Rejection could occur if a sufficiently cost-

effective hardware platform is not developed effective hardware platform is not developed that is interactive, portable and low cost.that is interactive, portable and low cost.

Stage 5 - ConfirmationStage 5 - Confirmation

Higher education institutions will continue to Higher education institutions will continue to sponsor and conduct studies to measure sponsor and conduct studies to measure the effectiveness of the technology.the effectiveness of the technology.– Studies will validate the benefits of the Studies will validate the benefits of the

technology or cause it to fail.technology or cause it to fail.– Studies will provide the incentive for greater Studies will provide the incentive for greater

advancements in the area and more choices for advancements in the area and more choices for the future.the future.

InnovatorsInnovators

The researchers are The researchers are searching for better searching for better ways to educate in a ways to educate in a more effective and more effective and cost-effective cost-effective approach.approach.

Early AdoptersEarly Adopters

The Early Adopters will be The Early Adopters will be the most progressive the most progressive educational institutions.educational institutions.

Cost effectiveness may Cost effectiveness may encourage some encourage some educational institutions to educational institutions to try the technology.try the technology.

Early MajorityEarly Majority

The educational The educational institutions will begin to institutions will begin to switch to the switch to the technology based on technology based on the testimonials and the testimonials and research.research.

Late MajorityLate Majority

The late majority will The late majority will be the educational be the educational institutions that have institutions that have very restrictive very restrictive spending oversight spending oversight that are afraid to spend that are afraid to spend money that is not a money that is not a sure thing.sure thing.

LaggardsLaggards

The very conservative The very conservative educational institutions educational institutions that are reluctant to that are reluctant to change and choose to change and choose to maintain the status maintain the status quo.quo.

Relative AdvantageRelative Advantage

Lower CostLower Cost InteractiveInteractive More EngagingMore Engaging Easy to UpdateEasy to Update

CompatibilityCompatibility

Run on any computer platformRun on any computer platform No internet access neededNo internet access needed Can be used anywhereCan be used anywhere

ComplexityComplexity

Easily useableEasily useable Provides a more sophisticated transfer of Provides a more sophisticated transfer of

informationinformation Animated graphicsAnimated graphics

TrialabilityTrialability

Demonstration software availableDemonstration software available Lost cost of softwareLost cost of software Research studies available for reviewResearch studies available for review

ObservabilityObservability

Demonstrations available onlineDemonstrations available online Research observation testimonialsResearch observation testimonials Trail software availableTrail software available

Centralized ApproachCentralized Approach

Pilot Study ConductedPilot Study Conducted Compare Cost EffectivenessCompare Cost Effectiveness Present Research StudiesPresent Research Studies Seek approval of State Department of Seek approval of State Department of

Education textbook purchasersEducation textbook purchasers

Decision MakersDecision Makers

State Department of State Department of EducationEducation

Local School BoardsLocal School Boards School District School District

SuperintendantSuperintendant Textbook Adoption Textbook Adoption

committeescommittees

Agents of ChangeAgents of Change

Ensure that the Vision is Articulated Set a Leadership Agenda Solve Problems Implement Plans to Achieve Change

Goals Reassure the majority